Study on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of white peony root and mucuna pruriens and their combinations in vivo

Objective:This study investigates the in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmacological effects of white peony root and mucuna pruriens and their combinations.Methods:In this study,the corresponding solutions were administered in groups,and after 14 days of gavage,xylene-induced ear swelling test,acetic acid torsion test and hot plate pain test were performed.Results:It was found that both Paeonia lactiflora root and Kapok had anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects(P<0.05),with the 2:1 group having the best experimental effect(P<0.05).Conclusion:Paeonia lactiflora root and Kapok and its combination have good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in vivo,and the 2:1 group showed significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects compared with other groups.

Correlation between FcγRⅢA and Aortic Atherosclerotic Plaque Destabilization in ApoE Knockout Mice and Intervention Effects of Effective Components of Chuanxiong Rhizome and Red Peony Root

Objective： To explore the correlation between Fc γ R IIIA （CD16A） and aortic atherosclerotic plaque destabilization in apoE knockout （apoE KO） mice and the intervention effects of effective components of Chuanxiong Rhizome and Red Peony Root. Methods： Eight 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were selected as the control group. Forty 8-week-old male apoE KO mice were randomly divided into the model group, apoE KO ＋ intraperitoneal injection immunoglobulin group （IVIG）, apoE KO ＋ simvastatin group （Sm）, apoE KO ＋ high dosage of Xiongshao Capsule （XSC,芎芍胶囊） group （XSCH）, and apoE KO ＋ low dosage of XSC group （XSCL）, 8 mice in each group. Mice in the control group were put on a normal diet, and others were fed with a high-fat diet. After 10-week different interventions, monocyte CD16 expression was detected by flow cytometry, aortic matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） mRNA expression was detected using reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction, and serum tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-a level was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results： Compared with the control group, monocyte CD16 expression, aortic MMP-9 mRNA expression, and serum TNF-a level in the model group increased obviously （P〈0.01）. Injections of apoE KO mice with intraperitoneal immunoglobulin during a 5-day period significantly reduced the monocyte CD16 expression, aortic MMP-9 mRNA expression, and serum TNF-a level （P〈0.01 or 0.05） over a 10-week period of high-fat diet. Indices above in the Sm group, XSCH group, and XSCL group decreased in a different degree. Of them, the aortic MMP-9 mRNA expression in XSCH group was lower than that in Sm group （P〈0.05） and the monocyte CD16 expression and serum TNF-a level showed no significant difference between XSCH group and Sm group （P〉0.05）. Correlation analyses suggested positive correlation between monocyte CD16 expression and aortic MMP-9 mRNA expression or serum TNF-a level in IVIG group, XSCH group, and XSCL group. Conclusions： Fc γ/R IliA mediates systemic inflammation in the progression of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome. XSC could stabilize atherosclerotic plaque by suppressing inflammation and its target was relative with Fc γ RIIIA.

Regulation of phytohormones on root primordium initiation and adventitious root formation in the etiolated shoots of Paeonia suffruticosa'Yinfen Jinlin'

Tree peony is well known and sought after for its large, colorful flowers. Its propagation is via vegetative methods. Mech- nisms of the adventitious rooting and the regulation of rooting processes are the principles and techniques of plant propagation and improvement. Microstructures and fluctuations of phytohormones in the adventitious rooting were studied with the etiolated soft- wood shoots of Paeonia suffkuticosa ＇Yinfen Jinlin＇. There are no pre-primordia in the shoots of the cultivar. Adventitious roots are produced in five stages： shoot selection, primordium initiation, primordium growth, conducting tissue differentiation and root protru- sion. Primordia initiated in the cortex. The contents of the endogenous hormones, IAA, ABA and GA, were 5.842, 0.873 and 1.043 nmol·g^-1 FW on the bases of shoots, respectively. CTKs which included isopentenyl adenine （iPA）, zeatin riboside （ZR） and dihy- drozeatin riboside （DHZR） were 0.949, 0.695 and 2.034 nmol·g^-1 FW, respectively. DHZR is active among CTKs. The ratio of IAA to GA, CTK and ABA clearly increased at the stage of primordium initiation, while they showed low levels at the stages of primor- dium growth. The ratios were restored at the shoot levels at the stage of root protrusion. IBA provoked primordia initiation in the cortex, the vascular cambium, the pith and even in the callus induced on the base of shoots. ]AA levels in the treated shoots increased gradually to its highest level （three times of control） at the stage of conducting tissue differentiation. The ratios of IAA to GA, CTK and ABA clearly decreased at the stage of primordium initiation. The ratio of IAA to ABA is regulated at 10：1.

Establishment of highly efficient plant regeneration of Paeonia ostii‘Fengdan’through optimization of callus,adventitious shoot,and rooting induction

Tree peony is a famous ornamental plant,while the low propagation rate is the main hurdles hindering the industry development.Till now,the highly efficient regeneration system for tree peony is not established.In this study,using Paeonia ostii’Fengdan’mature embryos,the effects of variations in inoculation method,initiating culture,adventitious shoot induction,rooting media,plant growth regulators(PGRs),and a nonconventional PGR(plant extracts)on regeneration from explants were evaluated.In embryo cultures,embryonic callus induction rate of 1/4 embryos was the highest among those of embryos with other three technical treatments(whole embryos,1/2 embryos,and pieces of embryos).The woody plant medium(WPM)containing 1.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA,0.5 mg·L^(-1)GA3,30.0 g·L^(-1)sucrose,and 3.0 g·L^(-1)phytagel significantly improved shoot induction and multiplication.3.0 mg·L^(-1)plant extracts promoted hypocotyl germination,rooting,and root growth,in direct embryo culture,and a combination of 3.0 mg·L^(-1)plant extracts+2.0 mg·L^(-1)IBA+1.5 mg·L^(-1)IAA produced optimal rooting induction rate for multiple shoots in direct embryo culture and indirect somatic embryogenesis.For the three in vitro micropropagation methods,the highest shoot proliferation coefficient(5.4±0.2)was obtained with indirect somatic embryogenesis.Fortunately,the propagation ability of shoots remains high,even when culture propagation was continued for more than two years.Thus,a reliable system for plant regeneration from mature embryos derived from P.ostii’Fengdan’callus and two direct embryo culture systems have been established.The novel regeneration system could facilitate uniform seedling production.

Transcriptome Analysis and Genes Function Verification of Root Development of Paeonia suffruticosa under Sandy Loam Cultivation

Relatively poor in vitro rooting has limited the large-scale commercial production of tree peony.In this study,on the basis of transcriptome sequencing,differentially expressed genes and the associated metabolic pathways were identified in tree peony roots at different stages of root formation under sandy loam cultivation.A total of 31.63 Gb raw data were generated and 120,188 unigenes(mean length of 911.98 bp)were annotated according to six databases(NR,NT,GO,KEGG,COG,and Swiss-Prot).Analyses of the ungerminated root primordium period,induced root primordium period,and root formation period detected 8,232,6,907,and 10,687 differentially expressed genes related to 133,132,and 133 metabolic pathways,respectively.Two significantly differentially expressed genes(Unigene13430_All and CL10096.Contig1_All)were associated with the auxin pathway.The full-length Unigene13430_All coding sequence(843 bp)encoded 280 amino acids,whereas the full-length CL10096.Contig1_All coding sequence(1,470 bp)encoded 489 amino acids.Unigene13430_All and CL10096.Contig1_All were identified as IAA gene family members and were respectively named PsIAA27 and PsARF19.The qRT-PCR analysis and functional verification indicated that the expressions of PsARF19 and PsIAA27 in tree peony seedlings,cuttings and grafted seedlings were significant different.PsARF19 promoted root development,it might be a regulatory gene related to the formation of tree peony roots,while PsIAA27 inhibited lateral root development,and it might be involved in controlling auxin sensitivity during root formation.The results of this study may form the basis of future investigations on the mechanism mediating peony root formation.The transcriptome data will be an excellent resource for researchers interested in characterizing the rooting-related tree peony genes.

薏苡附子败酱散通过抗三结构域蛋白21-Toll样受体4-t-核因子-κB信号通路对类风湿关节炎MH7A细胞的影响

目的观察不同浓度薏苡附子败酱散对肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)诱导的类风湿关节炎成纤维细胞(MH7A)增殖、凋亡及炎症反应的影响,探究其作用机制。方法2022年2―8月,大鼠用不同浓度薏苡附子败酱散及蒸馏水灌胃制备含药血清;20μg/L的TNF-α处理的MH7A细胞记为TNF-α组,TNF-α+含药血清处理的MH7A细胞记为薏苡附子败酱散低浓度组、薏苡附子败酱散中浓度组、薏苡附子败酱散高浓度组,正常培养的MH7A细胞标记为对照组。细胞计数试剂盒(CCK8)、流式细胞术、酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测细胞的存活、凋亡及白细胞介素(IL)-1β、干扰素(IFN)-γ;蛋白质印迹法(WB)检测基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-3、MMP-9、抗三结构域蛋白21(TRIM21)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)、t-核因子(NF)-κB p65、磷酸化(p)-NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB抑制因子(IκB)-α和t-IκB-α蛋白表达。pcDNA 3.1组(转染空载体)、pcDNA+TRIM21组(转染pcDNA 3.1+TRIM21)、薏苡附子败酱散中浓度+si-con组(转染si-con+4.70 g/kg含药血清)、薏苡附子败酱散中浓度+si-TRIM21组(转染si-TRIM21+4.70 g/kg含药血清)。结果与对照组相比,TNF-α组细胞存活率(105.07±1.90比185.67±3.06)、TRIM21(0.56±0.02比0.68±0.04)、MMP-3(0.18±0.00比0.63±0.02)、MMP-9(0.39±0.01比0.82±0.01)、TLR4(0.25±0.02比0.68±0.07)、p-NF-κB p65(0.24±0.01比0.68±0.06)、p-IκB-α(0.22±0.01比0.55±0.04)蛋白表达和IL-1β(31.65±0.66比101.93±0.60)、IFN-γ(8.53±0.16比63.76±1.35)含量均显著升高,凋亡率(6.54±0.06比1.17±0.08)均显著降低;与TNF-α组相比,薏苡附子败酱散低浓度组(185.67±3.06比153.77±3.09;0.68±0.04比0.37±0.02;0.63±0.02比0.47±0.02;0.82±0.01比0.73±0.01;103.2±0.7比92.93±0.85;66.3±1.45比54.47±1.46;0.68±0.07比0.53±0.05;0.68±0.06比0.53±0.06;0.55±0.04比0.47±0.01;1.84±0.07比6.67±0.28)、薏苡附子败酱散中浓度组(185.67±3.06比136.23±1.57;0.68±0.04比0.57±0.02;0.63±0.02比0.37±0.02;0.82±0.01比0.57±0.00;103.2±0.7比86.4±0.75;66.3±1.45比38.1±0.92;0.68±0.07比0.43±0.07;0.68±0.06比0.59±0.01;0.55±0.04比0.40±0.03;1.84±0.07比9.59±0.29)、薏苡附子败酱散高浓度组(185.67±3.06比143.47±1.50;0.68±0.04比0.47±0.02;0.63±0.02比0.41±0.05;0.82±0.01比0.62±0.00;103.2±0.7比89.63±0.42;66.3±1.45比40.17±0.90;0.68±0.07比0.51±0.06;0.68±0.06比0.69±0.07;0.55±0.04比0.41±0.02;1.84±0.07比8.89±0.08)细胞存活率、TRIM21、MMP-3、MMP-9蛋白和IL-1β、IFN-γ含量及TLR4、p-NF-κB p65、p-IκB-α蛋白表达均显著降低,凋亡率均显著升高(P<0.05);与pcDNA组相比,pcDNA+TRIM21组细胞TRIM21蛋白表达(0.24±0.03比0.51±0.04)、细胞凋亡率(1.61±0.11比12.43±0.61)均显著升高,MMP-3(0.64±0.02比0.41±0.04)、MMP-9(0.82±0.03比0.45±0.02)、IL-1β(110.63±0.55比90.93±0.60)、IFN-γ(64.5±0.82比48.1±1.25)及细胞存活率(179.03±0.74比120.07±0.60)均显著降低;敲减TRIM21显著抑制薏苡附子败酱散中浓度对损伤细胞的治疗作用且显著升高TLR4(0.45±0.06比0.61±0.02)、p-NF-κB p65(0.49±0.02比0.56±0.02)、p-IκB-α(0.38±0.01比0.62±0.01)的蛋白表达。结论薏苡附子败酱散增强TNF-α诱导的MH7A细胞的生存能力,其作用机制与上调TRIM21抑制TLR4-NF-κB信号通路活性有关。

《伤寒杂病论》中芍药-附子药对配伍治疗探析

《伤寒杂病论》中以芍药-附子药对配伍的方剂有5首,分别治疗痹病及水液代谢障碍疾病,通过对痹病及水液代谢障碍疾病的病因病机、治法、用药特点进行分析,认为芍药-附子药对配伍在治痹三方中主要发挥温阳散寒止痛、调和阴阳的功效,在治水两方中起到温阳利水、敛阴生津的作用。

重构本草——白芍

通过对古籍文献记载、中医药现代研究成果的梳理,结合中医学及中药学等学科领域内知名专家学者的认识及临床应用经验,归纳出白芍:功效主要为养血敛血、柔肝止痛、平抑肝阳。症靶为腹痛、肌肉痉挛、胁痛。现代药理学研究揭示,白芍及其有效成分白芍总苷具有抗炎、解痉、镇痛、抑菌、通便、缓解急性肝损伤以及调节免疫等功效。白芍及其主要成分白芍总苷的长期毒性实验,未发现对人体和动物的毒性,安全范围大。临床使用剂量为6~120 g,内服时应根据不同疾病或同一疾病的不同阶段进行辨证使用,并积极探索白芍用量与症靶的量效关系构建。

赤芍抗炎活性的物质基础及作用机制研究进展

炎症是生物组织受到某种刺激,如外伤、感染等损伤因子的刺激所发生的一种以防御反应为主的基本病理过程,炎症的发展可能导致局部组织的变异和增生,从而进一步加速疾病发展。赤芍作为常用的中药材之一,具有清热凉血,散瘀止痛的功效。笔者通过综述近期国内外关于赤芍抗炎活性的物质基础及其作用机制的相关文献,发现赤芍中的萜类、挥发油、酚酸、黄酮类、鞣质等多种化学成分通过AMPK、MAPK、NF-κB、STAT6和HO-1信号通路发挥抗炎作用,从而治疗结肠炎、关节炎、乳腺炎和角膜炎等相关炎症疾病。

从象思维视角谈淫羊藿与附子的药性异同

象思维是中医认识药物、认识疾病、分析病机、遣方用药等过程中的特征性思维方式,淫羊藿和附子是中医临床常用的温阳药物。运用中药象思维,从淫羊藿和附子的生长环境、药用部位、药物形态等角度,对生炙淫羊藿和附子的药性和功效进行比较分析,得出生品淫羊藿为辛寒之品,炙品淫羊藿为辛甘温热之品,他们可以通过宣肺而打通金水相生之路,进而补肾壮精。另外,在“少火生气”方面,炙淫羊藿具有代替附子之能。

基于机器视觉的白芍药材双面品质检测系统

为提高白芍品质检测的准确度和效率,提出一种基于机器视觉技术的双面白芍品质检测系统。通过镜面反射,系统对药材上下两面图像同时采集处理,以检测药材的品质。除对比分析单面和双面图像的识别效果外,还在YOLOv8s模型中引入Shuffle Attention注意力机制和Focal EIOU Loss损失函数优化算法。通过实验对比,白芍的单面识别平均精度均值为94.4%,双面识别的平均精度均值为92.8%,改进后的算法对双面白芍图像的识别平均精度均值达到99.3%,同时可避免样本不均衡引起的预测偏向性。实验结果验证了白芍药材双面品质检测系统的可行性和实用性。

附子防治疫病的理论及应用探微

附子治疫最早见于《神农本草经》。感受疫气出现少阴病证候,可选麻黄附子细辛汤、麻黄附子甘草汤。疫病中霍乱、疟疾、痢疾、艾滋病等发病证候多属里证,可选真武汤、四逆汤、乌梅丸、肾气丸等。表里同病可考虑圣散子、霹雳散。附子防治寒疫应用广泛。

基于非靶向代谢组学的诃子解草乌心脏毒性机制分析

目的:采用代谢组学方法分析诃子解草乌心脏毒性机制。方法:以草乌、草乌诃子药对为示例药物,将50只SD大鼠按体质量随机分为正常组,草乌高剂量组、草乌低剂量组、草乌诃子药对高剂量组、草乌诃子药对低剂量组,每组10只。各给药组连续灌胃28 d相应药物溶液。最后一次给药后检测各组心率和心电图、血清生化指标及病理组织学变化,并取心脏组织,采用LC-MS非靶向代谢组学技术分析心脏内源性代谢产物变化。结果:与正常组相比较,草乌高剂量组心率出现明显降低(P<0.05)。各给药组大鼠的心电图结果主要表现为,草乌高剂量组呈现心律失常,室早,宽大畸形的QRS波;草乌低剂量组出现宽大畸形的QRS波;草乌诃子药对高剂量组大鼠表现为ST段压低;草乌诃子药对低剂量组大鼠的心电图偶见ST段抬高。血清生化指标结果显示,草乌高剂量组CK、CKMB显著降低(P<0.05);草乌低剂量组CK、CKMB呈升高趋势。病理学观察结果显示,草乌高剂量组心肌纤维排列略紊乱,胞质疏松淡染,部分细胞水肿;草乌低剂量组心肌纤维排列略紊乱;草乌诃子药对高剂量组个别心肌细胞水肿;草乌诃子药对低剂量组心肌纤维排列紊乱,胞质疏松淡染。草乌高剂量组从心脏样本中共筛出18个差异代谢物,其中上调4个、下调14个;草乌诃子药对高剂量组从心脏样本中共筛出25个差异代谢物,其中上调1个、下调24个,主要涉及ABC转运蛋白和多种氨基酸代谢。结论:诃子解草乌心脏毒性机制主要与心脏N、N-二甲基精氨酸和腺苷蛋氨酸及肌酸代谢有关。

征地拆迁进程中菏泽赵楼村牡丹“生产”实践及文化根性探索

菏泽市赵楼村具有悠久的牡丹种植历史,形成了以牡丹种植为主的村落生计特色,并塑造了村落的牡丹文化根性。2010年开启的征地拆迁工程成为赵楼村发展进程中的一个时代节点,传统牡丹“生产”实践何去何从?本文立足于征地拆迁前后牡丹“生产”实践在花田、种植规模、经营模式等方面的发展变迁与调适,着力探讨种植传统所塑造的牡丹文化根性对于赵楼村牡丹“生产”实践延续的意义。作为一种活态因子,牡丹文化根性在应对现代性中的张力呈现,不仅维系了牡丹“生产”传统,且重塑了新型牡丹“生产”关系。

牡丹根不同部位成分差异性分析

本研究比较了连丹皮、刮丹皮、栓皮、木心、须根这五个牡丹根加工过程中分成的不同部位成分差异,探究牡丹药用部位的科学性,评价牡丹根部非药用部位的开发利用的价值。采用超高效液相色谱建立牡丹根不同部位特征图谱,通过化学计量学进行聚类分析(hierarchical clustering analysis,HCA)、主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discrimination analysis,PLS-DA)等模式识别技术对牡丹根不同部位中酚及酚苷组分、单萜及其苷组分、鞣酸组分等类别化学成分进行差异性分析,筛选的10个差异性成分中可指认的7个及含量大于0.1 mg/g的化学成分作为定量分析指标,进行成分含量测定。特征图谱结合化学计量学分析表明连丹皮、刮丹皮和须根三者化学成分相似;木心和栓皮与前三者的化学成分存在明显差异,木心中化学成分较少,且含量均较低;栓皮化学成分最为丰富,且单萜及其苷类成分占比较大。本研究表明连丹皮、刮丹皮与栓皮等部位在主成分上无显著性差异,为牡丹皮在产地加工中留栓皮去木心提供依据;牡丹须根与木心也具有一定药用价值,可考虑综合开发利用。

重构本草——赤芍

中药赤芍具有清热凉血、散瘀止痛的功效;现代药理研究成果认为,赤芍的症靶为斑疹、吐血、衄血、瘀热型疼痛和黄疸,标靶为胆红素、转氨酶及血糖升高;此外,赤芍及其有效成分还具有心血管系统保护作用、保肝作用、抗肿瘤作用等。赤芍的综合毒性实验显示其无明显毒副作用,不具有致突变、致畸、致癌风险,但血虚有寒者及孕妇应慎服。《中华人民共和国药典》规定赤芍用量为6~12 g,医家经验用量为0.925~300 g。临床应在辨病、辨证基础上,结合症靶、标靶灵活应用。

湖南牡丹根腐病病原菌的分离鉴定及其拮抗菌的筛选

【目的】引发牡丹根腐病的镰刀菌属真菌种类繁多,且病害症状类似,难以判断。为了探明引发湖南地区牡丹根腐病主要病原菌的种类,并为牡丹根腐病的诊断与生物防治提供理论依据。【方法】从湖南农业大学园林花卉基地采集患病牡丹植株,采用组织分离法分离纯化病原菌,采用柯赫氏法则检验病菌分离物的致病性;分别以形态学、分子生物学方法对致病菌进行鉴定;采用平板对峙法对14株前期从健康牡丹根茎部分离获得的内生细菌菌株进行抑菌性筛选。【结果】在对分离所获12株病原真菌分离物的致病性的检测中发现,其中的5株在PDA平板上的侧根变黑腐烂且其周围菌丝生长旺盛,其致病性均强;将此5株致病菌置于PDA平板上培养7 d后观察发现,其菌落呈圆形,颜色呈灰白色,气生菌丝较密集且呈革质胶状;致病菌菌丝中含有大量的大、小型分生孢子,大型分生孢子呈镰刀形,具有3~5个隔膜,小型分生孢子呈卵形或肾形,具有0~1个隔膜;厚垣孢子呈球形且多为间生状。结合运用分子生物学方法,基于ITS序列分析,构建了5株致病菌的系统发育树,5株分离物全部被鉴定为茄病镰刀菌Fusarium solani。平板对峙培养结果表明,14株内生细菌菌株中有9株能拮抗茄病镰刀菌,其中编号为MRX2-1的细菌菌株其拮抗效果最佳,达到了52.78%;基于16S rRNA基因序列对此株菌株的进一步分析结果表明,编号为MRX2-1的拮抗菌与Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(HM107808.1)聚于同一分支中,其相似度高达99%以上。【结论】初步鉴定结果表明,湖南地区牡丹根腐病的主要病原菌为茄病镰刀菌,最佳拮抗菌为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。

基于PI3K/Akt信号通路探讨“赤芍-附片”对肝细胞炎症损伤的影响

目的基于磷脂酰激醇3激酶(phosphati-dylinositol 3-kinase,PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,PKB又称Akt)信号通路,探讨“赤芍-附片”对肝细胞炎症损伤的保护作用。方法体外培育L02细胞株,设立正常组、模型组、空白血浆组、“赤芍-附片”组、Copanlisib(PI3K抑制剂)组,采用D-半乳糖联合脂多糖干预构建肝细胞炎症损伤模型。通过CCK-8法筛选含药血浆最佳干预浓度及时间;透射电镜观察细胞超微结构;ELISA法检测白介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)表达水平;实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,RT-q PCR)、蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)测定PI3K/Akt通路m RNA及蛋白表达水平。结果较之正常组,模型组受损细胞器及自噬体数量增加,IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量显著升高(P<0.01),PI3K、Akt mRNA及磷酸化蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。较之模型组,“赤芍-附片”组细胞形态相对正常且自噬体数量减少,IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α含量显著下降(P<0.01),PI3K、Akt mRNA及磷酸化蛋白表达上调(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论“赤芍-附片”药对可能通过调控PI3K/Akt信号通路,减少IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α分泌,从而减轻D-半乳糖联合脂多糖诱导的肝细胞损伤。

河西冷凉地区芍药根腐病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选

近年来,芍药根腐病在甘肃河西冷凉地区发生严重,造成部分植株枯死,极大地影响了芍药产业的发展。为明确河西冷凉地区芍药根腐病的主要致病菌,采用形态学特征和分子生物学方法对该病的病原菌进行鉴定和致病性测定。结果表明,分离的优势菌SY2020-2对芍药具有致病性,根据形态学特征和分子生物学方法综合将其鉴定为尖孢镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporum)。为筛选防治芍药根腐病的高效低毒药剂,选用10种药剂对SY2020-2进行室内毒力测定,结果表明,30%丙硫菌唑的毒力最强,EC50为0.1 mg·L^(-1);43%氟菌·肟菌脂、50%多菌灵、10%叶菌唑、20%氟唑菌酰胺和30%肟菌·戊唑醇的EC50分别为1.2、2.7、3.5、4.8和6.4 mg·L^(-1);25 g·L^(-1)咯菌腈和3%苯醚甲环唑的毒力相对较差。

不同栽培模式对‘凤丹’牡丹籽油品质的影响

以油用牡丹‘凤丹’Paeonia suffruticosa‘Fengdan’为研究对象,通过避雨和限根二种栽培模式,研究其对籽粒含油率和籽油品质的影响。结果表明,不同栽培条件下‘凤丹’籽粒含油率在28.60%~29.96%之间,避雨和限根栽培都有增加‘凤丹’籽粒含油率的趋势;避雨和限根栽培都能明显提高‘凤丹’籽油的品质,不仅能增加‘凤丹’籽油中的亚麻酸含量,还能增加酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸等重要氨基酸的相对含量,以及维生素E和微量元素镁的含量。综合试验结果发现,避雨栽培的整体效果优于限根栽培,在避雨处理中,以开花期避雨栽培(BY1-2)效果最佳;而在限根栽培处理中,以穴式限根栽培(XG1-3)效果最佳。相关性分析表明,‘凤丹’籽粒的含油率与粗蛋白含量呈极显著负相关、与籽油中的锌含量呈显著负相关;籽油中的亚麻酸含量与油酸、亚油酸含量呈显著或极显著负相关。本研究结果为优质油用牡丹的选育和栽培工作提供了理论依据和实践指导。