Regional and Monthly Assessment of Extraterrestrial Solar Radiations in Pakistan

The monthly extraterrestrial solar radiations (ESR) have been simulated separately for all the months of the year. The subtropical location and distribution of mountains and their height determine the spatial distribution and amount of ESR in Pakistan. The mountains, piedmonts, enclosed valleys and plains show distinct diversity of ESR values. The assessment acknowledged that countries like Pakistan with ever increasing demand of energy receive sufficient amount of ESR that could be linked with solar irradiance where development of solar energy has great potential. The simulation was done with the help of ArcGIS based on distributed modeling.

Estimation of monthly global solar radiation over twelve major cities of Libya

This study aims to estimate monthly averaged daily horizontal global solar radiation.Measured climatological data collected at twelve major cities located across Libya’s map were used to establish 7 different empirical models.The empirical coefficients of the models were calculated using the least square method.The accuracy of the models was evaluated using different statistical criteria such as Taylor diagram,mean absolute percentage error,MAPE,and root mean square error,RMSE.The results indicated that the sunshine duration-based models are more accurate than air temperature-based models,and the best performance was obtained by the quadratic regression model for all twelve Libyan cities.Moreover,this regression model can be used for the prediction of monthly mean horizontal global solar radiation at a specific site across Libya’s regions with minimum error.Furthermore,the results of the global solar irradiance produced by this method can be used for designing solar systems applications.

核电站某起源项异常事件调查研究

国内某电厂大修机组辐射水平偏高、大修累积集体剂量偏高,下行至热停平台时RCP系统辐射指数很高,以放射性核素Co-60为主,氧化净化后整体辐射指数偏高,对比另外3台机组及该机组大修数据,机组整体辐射情况处于最高水平。本文主要介绍该机组辐射源项偏高原因及调查过程。

青藏高原地区混凝土冻融环境量化方法

对青藏高原地区混凝土冻融环境进行合理量化是高原抗冻混凝土设计所面临的首要问题。该文通过对处于同一冻融环境作用等级下的平原与高原地区大气及地表温度特征进行比较,发现相较于平原地区,高原地区因太阳辐射强度大,具有年正负温交替次数更多、温度日较差更大且日最低温更低的环境温度特征。通过将地表温度近似代替混凝土结构物表面温度,结合青藏高原1971-2003年20个地区的典型气象年数据,建立了与最冷月平均气温及年太阳辐照量相关的青藏高原地区混凝土年均冻融循环次数确定方法。利用该方法对青藏高原主要地区混凝土年均冻融循环次数进行估算,结果表明,青藏高原地区混凝土年均冻融循环次数主要集中在150次以上,部分地区甚至大于200次,因此,高原地区应加强对混凝土进行抗冻耐久性设计。最后,该文给出青藏高原地区混凝土结构物抗冻设计等级推荐值。该研究可为青藏高原地区混凝土抗冻耐久性设计提供参考。

云南地区太阳紫外直接辐射的计算

文章通过对有关资料的分析 ,选取了一种对紫外直接辐射的比较合理的气侯学计算方法[1] 。再结合云南四个地区——昆明、腾冲、河口、景洪的逐年各月总太阳辐射量和散射辐射量实测记录值 ,分别计算了它们水平面上紫外直接辐射量的定时月平均值 ,再按梯形法计算出月平均日总量。

基于线性方法的内蒙古地区太阳总辐射月均值估算

探讨了内蒙古地区太阳总辐射月均值与日照百分率的关系,基于5个气象站1996—1998年连续3 a的月日照时数(n)和太阳总辐射值(R_s)。计算得到Angstrom方程的系数a和b,与和清华等拟合得到的中国西部太阳总辐射公式中的a=0.185,b=0.595,比较一致。同时,R_s和n之间的直接线性关系,R与月平均温度(T)之间的直接线性关系也能用来估算太阳总辐射月均值,总均方根误差约为80 MJ·m^(-2)/month,总百分比误差约为18%。

基于逐月辐射的光伏系统容量计算优化分析

文章分析了以年平均太阳辐射计算光伏系统容量,对月奇异辐射考虑不周而影响系统容量与可靠性的缺点,提出了以系统电压为起点,以电池组件工作于最佳电流为标准,基于当地逐月太阳辐射参数,确定电池组件工作电流,参考流行电池组件的最佳工作电流,并利用数值分析方法进行优化分析与处理,从而形成系统的最优容量,同时以某海岛光伏系统的设计为例,对提出的方法可行性进行了验证。