Review of Linear Switched Reluctance Motor Designs for Linear Propulsion Applications

Linear switched reluctance motor(LSRM)and its applications in different industries have been an interesting research topic for the past few years.LSRMs have proved to be a suitable alternative in a variety of applications requiring linear motion.However,its use is not that popular which instigated an active interest in the evolution of newer LSRM configurations.Enhancement in its propulsion force along with the reduction in force ripples,weight,acoustic noise,and vibration have been the main objectives in recently proposed LSRM designs.In this paper,recently proposed LSRM designs are reviewed and analyzed.The paper presents a one-stop introduction and a complete update to the designs,both in terms of qualitative and quantitative parameters.In addition,it takes into account the challenges in the implementation of these designs.Based on a detailed comparison of these designs as presented in this paper,an appropriate design can be chosen for a given application.

Electromagnetic Design of a Switched Reluctance Motor With Segmental Rotors and Full-pitch Windings

整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机具有高速运行时低风（油）阻和低铁心损耗等优点，特别适合用于航天航空驱动系统。根据整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机的基本工作原理，结合输出功率与平均转矩的关系，将绕组电流等效为方波，推导出了整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机的主体尺寸计算公式；基于电机定转子未对齐位置和对齐位置的电磁特性，以及整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机的电磁特点，确定了定、转子极弧系数选取的规则；同时分析了绕组匝数等主要尺寸的选取的规则；最后，基于上述方法优化设计了一台实验样机，并通过有限元仿真及实验验证了整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机的电磁设计方法的正确性。

Genetic Algorithms for the Optimal Design of Electromagnetic Micro-Motors

The genetic algorithm (GA) to the design of electromagnetic micro motor to optimize parameter design. Besides the different oversize from macro motor, the novel structure of micro motor which the rotor is set between the two stators make its design different, too. There are constraint satisfaction problems CSP) in the design. It is shown that the use GA offers a high rate of global convergence and the ability to get the optimal design of electromagnetic micro motors.

Design of Axial-Flux Motor for Traction Application

This paper deals with the design of high power – low dimensions axial-flux permanent-magnet motor intended for trac-tion application. First, two motor configurations are analytically designed and compared using finite element calcula-tion. Then, the configuration yielding the best performances is integrated and modelled with the whole traction chain under MATLAB/SIMULINK environment in order to demonstrate the motor operation on a large speed band.

CONVEX CONTROLLER DESIGN APPLIED TO AC INDUCTION MOTOR TO SATISFY MULTIPLE SIMULTANEOUS SPECIFICATIONS

The application of a closed-loop specification oriented feedback control design method, which addresses the design of controllers to satisfy multiple simultaneous conflicting closed-loop performance specifications is presented. The proposed approach is well suited to the design of controllers which must meet a set of conflicting performance specifications. Gain tuning is central to the design process, however, the tuning process is greatly simplified over that presented by the problem of tuning a PID controller for example. The proposed control method is applied to an AC induction motor, with an inner-loop flux vector controller applied to design a position control system. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of this method.

Economic Design of Three-Phase Induction Motor by Particle Swarm Optimization

A Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based design of three-phase induction motors are proposed. The induction motor design is treated as a non-linear and multivariable constrained optimization problem. The annual material cost and the total annual cost of the motor are chosen as two different objective functions. The PSO is used to find a set of optimal design variables of the motor which are then used to predict performance indices and the objective functions. The proposed method is demonstrated for two sample motors, and it is compared with the genetic algorithm (GA) and the conventional design methods. The results show that the PSO-based method effectively solved the induction motor design problems and outperforms the other methods in both the solution quality and computation efficiency.

基于Motor-CAD的六相容错永磁同步电机仿真设计

为检验六相永磁同步电机的工作性能,对永磁同步电机的结构与特点进行分析,确定了其定转子内外径尺寸、气隙、槽型、轴向长度、极槽数等主要参数;基于Motor-CAD电机仿真软件,对六相容错永磁同步电机进行电磁计算,分析了不同齿宽、槽圆角半径、槽数、永磁体弧长下电机转矩脉动、齿槽转矩的变化,得到了转速为1500 r/min下的转矩脉动、齿槽转矩、电机最大可能转矩等电机性能指标,并采用螺旋水道水冷方式对电机进行冷却设计,求解出电机各部分的温度数据。通过仿真实验发现,设计的电机符合转矩和温度要求。

Optimization of Bearing Locations for Maximizing First Mode Natural Frequency of Motorized Spindle-Bearing Systems Using a Genetic Algorithm

This paper has developed a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization approach to search for the optimal locations to install bearings on the motorized spindle shaft to maximize its first-mode natural frequency (FMNF). First, a finite element method (FEM) dynamic model of the spindle-bearing system is formulated, and by solving the eigenvalue problem derived from the equations of motion, the natural frequencies of the spindle system can be acquired. Next, the mathematical model is built, which includes the objective function to maximize FMNF and the constraints to limit the locations of the bearings with respect to the geometrical boundaries of the segments they located and the spacings between adjacent bearings. Then, the Sequential Decoding Process (SDP) GA is designed to accommodate the dependent characteristics of the constraints in the mathematical model. To verify the proposed SDP-GA optimization approach, a four-bearing installation optimazation problem of an illustrative spindle system is investigated. The results show that the SDP-GA provides well convergence for the optimization searching process. By applying design of experiments and analysis of variance, the optimal values of GA parameters are determined under a certain number restriction in executing the eigenvalue calculation subroutine. A linear regression equation is derived also to estimate necessary calculation efforts with respect to the specific quality of the optimization solution. From the results of this illustrative example, we can conclude that the proposed SDP-GA optimization approach is effective and efficient.

A Novel Sinusoidal-Wave Permanent Magnetic Motor with High Power Density

A novel high power-density PMSM (permanent magnetic synchronous motor) with independent magnetic flux path for each phase is proposed in the paper. The complex ma thematic model of PMSM is simplified by decoupling of magnetic flux paths between motor phases. In addition, harmonic components are lowered through optimum design of EMF (electric motive force) wave. Thus the ripple torque caused by EMF wave distortion is suppressed. Key words PMSM (permanent magnetic synchronous motor) - phase decoupling - optimum design of back EMF(electric motive force)

Optimal stimulation parameters for Renzhong (DU 26) electro-acupuncture for improving motor function in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion

The selection of electro-acupuncture parameters remains poorly unified between clinical studies. The present study observed the effects of electro-acupuncturing Renzhong （DU 26） with different stimulation parameters on motor function recovery following middle artery occlusion injury in rats. Results showed an optimal stimulation parameter for Renzhong electro-acupuncture that was low frequency and mild current （2 Hz, 1 mA） significantly improved cortical excitability and conductive function, and promoted recovery in a rat model of motor function in middle artery occlusion. Frequency had a greater impact than current or interaction, and played a critical role in electro-acupuncture therapy.

Drug Transport Microdevice Mimicking an Idealized Nanoscale Bio-molecular Motor

Molecular motors are nature＇s nano-devices and the essential agents of movement that are an integral part of many living organisms. The supramolecular motor, called Nuclear Pore Complex （NPC）, controls the transport of all cellular material be- tween the cytoplasm and the nucleus that occurs naturally in biological cells of many organisms. In order to understand the design characteristics of the NPC, we developed a microdevice for drug/fluidic transport mimicking the coarse-grained repre- sentation of the NPC geometry through computational fluid dynamic analysis and optimization. Specifically, the role of the central plug in active fluidic/particle transport and passive transport （without central plug） was investigated. Results of flow rate, pressure and velocity profiles obtained from the models indicate that the central plug plays a major role in transport through this biomolecular machine. The results ofthis investigation show that fluidic transport and flow passages are important factors in designing NPC based nano- and micro-devices for drug delivery.

Design of Lower Limbs Powered Exoskeleton

In order to lighten the burden of health care workers and help people with Lower limb insufficiency to do rehabilitation training, this paper designs a model named exoskeletons rehabilitation robot to simulate the human gait, including exoskeletons and scooter structure, and designs the driver module. Finally, this paper uses Workbench software to do the stress and strain analysis, which validates the reliability of the whole design.

Research on Instantaneous Thrust Measurement for Attitude-control Solid Rocket Motor

In order to measure the instantaneous thrust of a certain attitude-control solid rocket motor, based on the analysis of the measurement principles, the difference between the instantaneous thrust and steady thrust measurements is pointed out. According to the measurement characteristics, a dynamic digital filter compensation method is presented. Combined the identification-modeling, dynamic compensation and simulation, the system's dynamic mathematic model is established. And then, a compensation digital filter is also designed. Thus, the dynamic response of the system is improved and the instantaneous thrust measurement can be implemented. The measurement results for the rocket motor show that the digital filter compensation is effective in the instantaneous thrust measurement.

伺服阀旋转直驱超声电机机理与特性

针对某旋转直驱式伺服阀对驱动电机小长径比紧凑型结构形式的设计要求,从伺服阀功率级200 Hz动态响应需求出发,设计了一款环形行波型超声电机。分析了超声电机的基本工作原理并建立了超声电机定子转子摩擦传动模型,搭建了超声电机特性测试实验台并进行了转矩-转速测试,实验结果与仿真结果一致,验证了电机设计的合理性。在此基础上,进行了超声电机驱动频率和驱动电压的影响特性分析,结果表明超声电机在49.8 kHz的驱动频率下具有最大的工作效率,驱动电压大于110 V时可以满足伺服阀转速与转矩工作需求,并且在49.8 Hz的驱动频率和110 V驱动电压条件下可以接近最大的工作效率。

Supplementary motor area deactivation impacts the recovery of hand function from severe peripheral nerve injury

Although some patients have successful peripheral nerve regeneration,a poor recovery of hand function often occurs after peripheral nerve injury.It is believed that the capability of brain plasticity is crucial for the recovery of hand function.The supplementary motor area may play a key role in brain remodeling after peripheral nerve injury.In this study,we explored the activation mode of the supplementary motor area during a motor imagery task.We investigated the plasticity of the central nervous system after brachial plexus injury,using the motor imagery task.Results from functional magnetic resonance imaging showed that after brachial plexus injury,the motor imagery task for the affected limbs of the patients triggered no obvious activation of bilateral supplementary motor areas.This result indicates that it is difficult to excite the supplementary motor areas of brachial plexus injury patients during a motor imagery task,thereby impacting brain remodeling.Deactivation of the supplementary motor area is likely to be a serious problem for brachial plexus injury patients in terms of preparing,initiating and executing certain movements,which may be partly responsible for the unsatisfactory clinical recovery of hand function.

永磁辅助同步磁阻电机优化设计及试验

永磁辅助同步磁阻电机具有高效率、高功率密度、低维护需求等优点,在电机的电磁设计时,由于涉及的参数变量较多,如磁通密度、线圈匝数、永磁材料的选择等,尤其是在追求最大化效率和输出功率的同时,还需要考虑到成本、物料的可获得性以及设计的可行性。该文基于永磁辅助同步磁阻电机基本工作原理及结构估算模型,以提高电机额定工况下运行效率为优化目标,采用田口法对电机相关参数进行优化设计,并对优化后的结果与原始方案进行对比。测试结果表明,与原始设计相比,优化后的电机在效率、温升控制和输出扭矩方面均有明显改进,尤其是在高负载条件下,优化电机展现出更稳定的性能和更高的能效。研究结果旨在通过采用先进的设计方法和试验验证,为永磁辅助同步磁阻电机性能的优化提供相关参考和建议。

永磁无刷直流电机瞬态磁场仿真分析

瞬态磁场仿真分析可为电机的本体研究与设计提供参考依据。针对一款小型永磁无刷直流电机进行分析设计,根据理论公式计算了无刷直流电机定转子尺寸、定子槽形、绕组等,并使用Maxwell有限元仿真软件对设计方案进行了电机铁芯磁场分布、空载反电势、转矩、电机启动等内容的仿真分析,得到了符合要求的设计方案。

基于代理模型的双气隙混合转子低速大转矩同步电机优化设计

为解决常规低速大转矩电机普遍存在体转矩密度低、永磁体用量多等问题,提出了一种双气隙混合转子低速大转矩同步电机拓扑结构。然而,该种电机结构相对复杂、设计参数多、优化难度大,对此提出了一种基于代理模型的双气隙混合转子低速大转矩同步电机高效优化设计方法。首先,以提高输出转矩与降低转矩脉动为优化目标,对电机的参数进行敏感性分析,实现了在保证代理模型精确度的基础上精简优化变量。然后,为提高该种电机多目标优化设计的精确度和效率,同时缩短优化周期,提出了一种序贯子空间与模式搜索算法相结合的优化算法对电机进行优化处理。最后通过有限元仿真与实验方法验证了所构建代理模型的精确性、合理性和优化方法的有效性、先进性。

球形电动机及其研究发展综述

球形电动机是一种具有球体结构的新型电动机,可单机实现在三维空间内的多自由度运动,且适合应用于人工智能及姿态控制系统动量球等相关领域,得到了各国学者的广泛关注与研究。球形电动机拓展了转子运动范围,是电动机行业未来的一个重要发展方向。与传统单自由度电动机相比,球形电动机结构较为复杂,且运动模式较为特殊,因此,对球形电动机的分析研究有别于传统单自由度电动机。该文整理各国学者对球形电动机的研究工作,总结归纳球形电动机的概念及发展历程,对比研究球形电动机不同的工作原理、拓扑结构及设计优化方法,探讨球形电动机的性能、转子位置检测方法、控制方法、转子支撑方式、应用场合及关键技术,最后总结球形电动机的未来发展趋势。

考虑异质交通流冲突的非机动车道宽度设计

为降低超车过程中异质交通流间的冲突,在传统非机动车道宽度设计方法基础上,提出一种考虑异质交通流避让行为的设计方法。首先,采用减速群体占比和踏频值分析车辆的受干扰程度;其次,通过建立车-车作用力模型计算不同类型车辆间的作用力,拟合作用力与避让间距的关系求解安全避让距离,可得推荐非机动车道宽度为传统车道宽度及安全避让距离之和;然后,建立安全评价模型,评价不同宽度非机动车道的安全性,以验证该设计方法的合理性;最后,实例分析西安市4个路段非机动车道的骑行样本。结果表明:2车混行的非机动车道中,减速群体占比为传统非机动车道的0.93倍,骑行踏频值提高0.07圈/s,道路安全值是传统非机动车道的1.07倍,车道内的干扰更小,骑行者更为安全。