The phylogenetic relationships of genera in the subfamily Apaturinae were examined using mtDNA sequence data from 1,471 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ （COI）. The mitochondrial COI gene from a total of 16 specie...The phylogenetic relationships of genera in the subfamily Apaturinae were examined using mtDNA sequence data from 1,471 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ （COI）. The mitochondrial COI gene from a total of 16 species in 11 genera were sequenced to obtain mtDNA data, along with those of 4 species obtained from GenBank, to construct the MP and the NJ trees using Athyma jina, Penthema adelma, Polyura nepenthes, and Charaxes bernardus as outgroups. The transitions at the third codon positions of the COI data set were found saturated, but they were retained for analysis, because they contain the majority of the phylogenetic information. The impacts of equal weight assumptions for all characters in the parsimonious analysis were assessed by potential alternations in clades in response to different transition/transversion weighting schemes. The results indicated four distinct major groups in Apaturinae. Moreover, several well supported and stable clades were found in the Apaturinae. The study also identified undetermined taxon groups whose positions were weakly supported and were subject to changes under different weighting schemes. Within the Apaturinae, the clustering results are approximately identical to the classical morphological classification. The mtDNA data suggest the genus Mimathyma as a monophyletic group. Lelecella limenitoides and Dilipa fenestra have close relationship with very strong support in all phylogenetic trees. It also supports the taxonomic revision of removing several species from Apatura to other genera, namely Mimathyma schrenckii, M. chevana, M. nycteis, Chitoria subcaerulea, C. fasciola, C. pallas, and Helcyra subalba.展开更多
Objective: To develop a sensitive, specific and simple method for detection of extremely low numbers of T. pallidum in clinical specimens, as a significant addition to the serologic tests for syphilis diagnosis. Metho...Objective: To develop a sensitive, specific and simple method for detection of extremely low numbers of T. pallidum in clinical specimens, as a significant addition to the serologic tests for syphilis diagnosis. Methods: Double-tube nested PCR(DN-PCR) and single-tube nested PCR(SN-PCR) assays were performed to amplify specific fragments of the DNA poly-merase I gene(polA) of T. pallidum. Sensitivity and specificity of the two PCR assays were tested. Eighty-six whole blood specimens from persons with suspected syphilis were detected by the two nested PCR methods. The TPPA test was used as a comparison for detecting syphilis in sera from corresponding patients. Results: Only specific amplicons could be obtained during amplification of the T. pallidum polA gene and the detection limit was approximately 1 organism when analyzed on gel by the two PCR methods. Of 86 clinical specimens, 62 were positive by TPPA. Of these, 54 and 51 were positive by the DN-PCR and SN-PCR, respectively, which does not represent a statistically significant difference between the two PCR tests. Of 24 TPPA-negative specimens, 5 were positive by both DN-PCR assay and SN-PCR assay. Conclusion: The SN- polA PCR method is extremely sensitive, specific and easy to perform for detecting low numbers of T. pallidum in clinical blood specimens as a complementary to serology for syphilis diagnosis.展开更多
【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6....【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6.0、DnaSP 5.10、Arlequin 3.5.2.2和Network 2.0等软件对种群遗传分化、基因流水平、分子变异及种群遗传多样性等进行分析。【结果】基于mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因分析时,分别检测到11种和9种单倍型,各地理种群的单倍型多样度(Hd)较高,分别为0.609和0.633;总体遗传固定指数(FST)分别为0.11902和0.09052,基因流(Nm)分别为2.00和2.51,表明贵州省茶棍蓟马各地理种群间的基因交流水平较高,种群间遗传分化较小。mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列的单倍型网状树分析均无明显分支;种群间的分子变异(AMOVA)分析结果表明,茶棍蓟马的遗传变异主要来自种群内部。总群体的中性检验Fu’s Fs不显著(P>0.05),且错配分布曲线呈现多峰,说明贵州省茶棍蓟马种群在较近的历史时期内保持相对稳定,未经历明显的种群扩张,或处于临界状态。【结论】贵州省茶棍蓟马种群遗传多样性较丰富,虽然尚未形成明显的种群扩张,但可能已处于临界状态,应积极采取综合防控措施,力争将茶棍蓟马种群数量控制在危害水平以下,以保证贵州省茶产业生产健康可持续发展。展开更多
Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about ...Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about population genetic diversity of this species is limited. This study aimed to represent the genetic differentiation among different geographic populations of soybean aphid in Northeast China. In order to investigate and assess the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, molecular variance, population structure, ecological importance and evolutionary history of A. glycines, we sequenced a fragment of one protein-coding gene, the cytochrome c oxidase I/of mitochondrial DNA gene. The results showed that four haplotypes were defined among CO 11 gene of 180 sequences of soybean aphid in Northeast China including H1 shared by all the populations. Lower haplotype diversity （Hd=0.3590± 0.0420） and nucleotide diversity （Pi=0.0012±0.0002） were observed and high gene flow was detected in every two populations, while most of the variation （80.81%） arose from variability within A. glycines from individuals. Low genetic differentiation and high gene flow （Nm=2.106） indicated a high migration rate between the populations, which might reveal that gene flow in different geographic populations did not affect by geographical distance. The phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network ofA. glycines were obtained based on sequences of CO Ⅱ gene, there were no significant genealogical branches or clusters recognized in NJ tree, and no clear distribution, delineation of haplotypes were demonstrated in the haplotype network according to geographical location. This study rejected the vicariance hypothesis： geographic isolation could be a barrier and it restricted A. glycines gene flow among 10 populations.展开更多
Objective:To investigate variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism of the 17th intron of Rb gene in Shaanxi aged population and the relationship between the polymorphism of Rb gene and atherosclerosis(AS) gene...Objective:To investigate variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism of the 17th intron of Rb gene in Shaanxi aged population and the relationship between the polymorphism of Rb gene and atherosclerosis(AS) genetic suscepti- bility. Methods: VNTR polymorphism of the 17th intron of Rb gene were examined in 100 Shaanxi aged AS patients and 100 Shaanxi aged control individuals by PCR-Rb-Xba Ⅰ-RFLP. Results::Two alleles were found both in AS group and control group, which were separately 945 bp(S1) and 630bp + 315bp(S2). S1S2 genotype was the most frequent one in the two populations. Significant difference in allele frequency was not found between AS group and control group, and allele frequency was no significant difference between Chinese and Caucasian. Conclusion: Xba Ⅰ enzyme site of Rb gene could have been certainly stable in AS population, and it was inferred that the polymorphism locus was not liable to cause mutation, which might not implicated in the formation of AS.展开更多
Objective: To explore gene diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD Ⅰ ),and to look for the typical mutation in order to improve the gene diagnosis. Metbods: southern blot and PCR wasused to o...Objective: To explore gene diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD Ⅰ ),and to look for the typical mutation in order to improve the gene diagnosis. Metbods: southern blot and PCR wasused to observe the mutation condition of 3' end single copy region of ADPKD Ⅰ gene ; Amplifying and analyzingthe microsatellite SM7 by PCR. Results: ①After the probe AH4 was hybridized with 16 patients' genomic DNAby Southern blot, the common 15 kb fragments were found in every one; ②For 27 patients, 5. 72 kb genomicDNA, which is between the probe AH4 and JH14, was amplified by PCR, and no 5. 5 kb genomic DNA deletionwas found in this region; SM7 was amplified in lO9 health persons, its PIC was 0.76, and was closely linked towith ADPKD Ⅰ gene in three patient families. Conclusion: In Han nation, ①No large genomic DNA segmentdeletion could be found frequently in ADPKD Ⅰ gene 3' end single copy region; ②The PIC of SM7 is high, it canbe used to make rapid gene diagnosis in about 70% ~80% ADPKD Ⅰ families.展开更多
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30570247)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (No. 2003-1087)
文摘The phylogenetic relationships of genera in the subfamily Apaturinae were examined using mtDNA sequence data from 1,471 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ （COI）. The mitochondrial COI gene from a total of 16 species in 11 genera were sequenced to obtain mtDNA data, along with those of 4 species obtained from GenBank, to construct the MP and the NJ trees using Athyma jina, Penthema adelma, Polyura nepenthes, and Charaxes bernardus as outgroups. The transitions at the third codon positions of the COI data set were found saturated, but they were retained for analysis, because they contain the majority of the phylogenetic information. The impacts of equal weight assumptions for all characters in the parsimonious analysis were assessed by potential alternations in clades in response to different transition/transversion weighting schemes. The results indicated four distinct major groups in Apaturinae. Moreover, several well supported and stable clades were found in the Apaturinae. The study also identified undetermined taxon groups whose positions were weakly supported and were subject to changes under different weighting schemes. Within the Apaturinae, the clustering results are approximately identical to the classical morphological classification. The mtDNA data suggest the genus Mimathyma as a monophyletic group. Lelecella limenitoides and Dilipa fenestra have close relationship with very strong support in all phylogenetic trees. It also supports the taxonomic revision of removing several species from Apatura to other genera, namely Mimathyma schrenckii, M. chevana, M. nycteis, Chitoria subcaerulea, C. fasciola, C. pallas, and Helcyra subalba.
文摘Objective: To develop a sensitive, specific and simple method for detection of extremely low numbers of T. pallidum in clinical specimens, as a significant addition to the serologic tests for syphilis diagnosis. Methods: Double-tube nested PCR(DN-PCR) and single-tube nested PCR(SN-PCR) assays were performed to amplify specific fragments of the DNA poly-merase I gene(polA) of T. pallidum. Sensitivity and specificity of the two PCR assays were tested. Eighty-six whole blood specimens from persons with suspected syphilis were detected by the two nested PCR methods. The TPPA test was used as a comparison for detecting syphilis in sera from corresponding patients. Results: Only specific amplicons could be obtained during amplification of the T. pallidum polA gene and the detection limit was approximately 1 organism when analyzed on gel by the two PCR methods. Of 86 clinical specimens, 62 were positive by TPPA. Of these, 54 and 51 were positive by the DN-PCR and SN-PCR, respectively, which does not represent a statistically significant difference between the two PCR tests. Of 24 TPPA-negative specimens, 5 were positive by both DN-PCR assay and SN-PCR assay. Conclusion: The SN- polA PCR method is extremely sensitive, specific and easy to perform for detecting low numbers of T. pallidum in clinical blood specimens as a complementary to serology for syphilis diagnosis.
文摘【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6.0、DnaSP 5.10、Arlequin 3.5.2.2和Network 2.0等软件对种群遗传分化、基因流水平、分子变异及种群遗传多样性等进行分析。【结果】基于mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因分析时,分别检测到11种和9种单倍型,各地理种群的单倍型多样度(Hd)较高,分别为0.609和0.633;总体遗传固定指数(FST)分别为0.11902和0.09052,基因流(Nm)分别为2.00和2.51,表明贵州省茶棍蓟马各地理种群间的基因交流水平较高,种群间遗传分化较小。mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列的单倍型网状树分析均无明显分支;种群间的分子变异(AMOVA)分析结果表明,茶棍蓟马的遗传变异主要来自种群内部。总群体的中性检验Fu’s Fs不显著(P>0.05),且错配分布曲线呈现多峰,说明贵州省茶棍蓟马种群在较近的历史时期内保持相对稳定,未经历明显的种群扩张,或处于临界状态。【结论】贵州省茶棍蓟马种群遗传多样性较丰富,虽然尚未形成明显的种群扩张,但可能已处于临界状态,应积极采取综合防控措施,力争将茶棍蓟马种群数量控制在危害水平以下,以保证贵州省茶产业生产健康可持续发展。
基金Supported by the Special funds for Construction of Modern Agricultural Technology System(CARS-04)Public Welfare Industry(Agriculture)Special Fund(201103002)
文摘Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about population genetic diversity of this species is limited. This study aimed to represent the genetic differentiation among different geographic populations of soybean aphid in Northeast China. In order to investigate and assess the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, molecular variance, population structure, ecological importance and evolutionary history of A. glycines, we sequenced a fragment of one protein-coding gene, the cytochrome c oxidase I/of mitochondrial DNA gene. The results showed that four haplotypes were defined among CO 11 gene of 180 sequences of soybean aphid in Northeast China including H1 shared by all the populations. Lower haplotype diversity （Hd=0.3590± 0.0420） and nucleotide diversity （Pi=0.0012±0.0002） were observed and high gene flow was detected in every two populations, while most of the variation （80.81%） arose from variability within A. glycines from individuals. Low genetic differentiation and high gene flow （Nm=2.106） indicated a high migration rate between the populations, which might reveal that gene flow in different geographic populations did not affect by geographical distance. The phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network ofA. glycines were obtained based on sequences of CO Ⅱ gene, there were no significant genealogical branches or clusters recognized in NJ tree, and no clear distribution, delineation of haplotypes were demonstrated in the haplotype network according to geographical location. This study rejected the vicariance hypothesis： geographic isolation could be a barrier and it restricted A. glycines gene flow among 10 populations.
基金National Natural Sciences Foundation of China No. 39700165
文摘Objective:To investigate variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism of the 17th intron of Rb gene in Shaanxi aged population and the relationship between the polymorphism of Rb gene and atherosclerosis(AS) genetic suscepti- bility. Methods: VNTR polymorphism of the 17th intron of Rb gene were examined in 100 Shaanxi aged AS patients and 100 Shaanxi aged control individuals by PCR-Rb-Xba Ⅰ-RFLP. Results::Two alleles were found both in AS group and control group, which were separately 945 bp(S1) and 630bp + 315bp(S2). S1S2 genotype was the most frequent one in the two populations. Significant difference in allele frequency was not found between AS group and control group, and allele frequency was no significant difference between Chinese and Caucasian. Conclusion: Xba Ⅰ enzyme site of Rb gene could have been certainly stable in AS population, and it was inferred that the polymorphism locus was not liable to cause mutation, which might not implicated in the formation of AS.
文摘Objective: To explore gene diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD Ⅰ ),and to look for the typical mutation in order to improve the gene diagnosis. Metbods: southern blot and PCR wasused to observe the mutation condition of 3' end single copy region of ADPKD Ⅰ gene ; Amplifying and analyzingthe microsatellite SM7 by PCR. Results: ①After the probe AH4 was hybridized with 16 patients' genomic DNAby Southern blot, the common 15 kb fragments were found in every one; ②For 27 patients, 5. 72 kb genomicDNA, which is between the probe AH4 and JH14, was amplified by PCR, and no 5. 5 kb genomic DNA deletionwas found in this region; SM7 was amplified in lO9 health persons, its PIC was 0.76, and was closely linked towith ADPKD Ⅰ gene in three patient families. Conclusion: In Han nation, ①No large genomic DNA segmentdeletion could be found frequently in ADPKD Ⅰ gene 3' end single copy region; ②The PIC of SM7 is high, it canbe used to make rapid gene diagnosis in about 70% ~80% ADPKD Ⅰ families.
