We study high-order harmonic generation(HHG) from multi-center asymmetric linear molecules numerically and analytically. Our simulations show that odd and even HHG spectra of the asymmetric multi-center system respo...We study high-order harmonic generation(HHG) from multi-center asymmetric linear molecules numerically and analytically. Our simulations show that odd and even HHG spectra of the asymmetric multi-center system respond differently to the change of the molecular structure. Specifically, when the internuclear distances between these nuclei of the molecule have a small change, the odd spectra usually do not change basically, but the even spectra differ remarkably. Based on this phenomenon, a simple procedure is proposed to probe the positions of these nuclei with odd–even HHG. Our results shed light on attosecond probing of the structure of multi-center molecules using HHG.展开更多
New and emerging use cases, such as the interconnection of geographically distributed data centers(DCs), are drawing attention to the requirement for dynamic end-to-end service provisioning, spanning multiple and hete...New and emerging use cases, such as the interconnection of geographically distributed data centers(DCs), are drawing attention to the requirement for dynamic end-to-end service provisioning, spanning multiple and heterogeneous optical network domains. This heterogeneity is, not only due to the diverse data transmission and switching technologies, but also due to the different options of control plane techniques. In light of this, the problem of heterogeneous control plane interworking needs to be solved, and in particular, the solution must address the specific issues of multi-domain networks, such as limited domain topology visibility, given the scalability and confidentiality constraints. In this article, some of the recent activities regarding the Software-Defined Networking(SDN) orchestration are reviewed to address such a multi-domain control plane interworking problem. Specifically, three different models, including the single SDN controller model, multiple SDN controllers in mesh, and multiple SDN controllers in a hierarchical setting, are presented for the DC interconnection network with multiple SDN/Open Flow domains or multiple Open Flow/Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching( GMPLS) heterogeneous domains. I n addition, two concrete implementations of the orchestration architectures are detailed, showing the overall feasibility and procedures of SDN orchestration for the end-to-endservice provisioning in multi-domain data center optical networks.展开更多
Virtual data center is a new form of cloud computing concept applied to data center. As one of the most important challenges, virtual data center embedding problem has attracted much attention from researchers. In dat...Virtual data center is a new form of cloud computing concept applied to data center. As one of the most important challenges, virtual data center embedding problem has attracted much attention from researchers. In data centers, energy issue is very important for the reality that data center energy consumption has increased by dozens of times in the last decade. In this paper, we are concerned about the cost-aware multi-domain virtual data center embedding problem. In order to solve this problem, this paper first addresses the energy consumption model. The model includes the energy consumption model of the virtual machine node and the virtual switch node, to quantify the energy consumption in the virtual data center embedding process. Based on the energy consumption model above, this paper presents a heuristic algorithm for cost-aware multi-domain virtual data center embedding. The algorithm consists of two steps: inter-domain embedding and intra-domain embedding. Inter-domain virtual data center embedding refers to dividing virtual data center requests into several slices to select the appropriate single data center. Intra-domain virtual data center refers to embedding virtual data center requests in each data center. We first propose an inter-domain virtual data center embedding algorithm based on label propagation to select the appropriate single data center. We then propose a cost-aware virtual data center embedding algorithm to perform the intra-domain data center embedding. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed algorithm in this paper can effectively reduce the energy consumption while ensuring the success ratio of embedding.展开更多
The simple adjusted estimator of risk difference in each center is easy constructed by adding a value c on the number of successes and on the number of failures in each arm of the proportion estimator. Assessing a tre...The simple adjusted estimator of risk difference in each center is easy constructed by adding a value c on the number of successes and on the number of failures in each arm of the proportion estimator. Assessing a treatment effect in multi-center studies, we propose minimum MSE (mean square error) weights of an adjusted summary estimate of risk difference under the assumption of a constant of common risk difference over all centers. To evaluate the performance of the proposed weights, we compare not only in terms of estimation based on bias, variance, and MSE with two other conventional weights, such as the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel weights and the inverse variance (weighted least square) weights, but also we compare the potential tests based on the type I error probability and the power of test in a variety of situations. The results illustrate that the proposed weights in terms of point estimation and hypothesis testing perform well and should be recommended to use as an alternative choice. Finally, two applications are illustrated for the practical use.展开更多
Yinshan anticline is the product of tectono-dynamic deformation - metamorphism .Along the axis of the anticline exists a brittle-ductile shearing zone which obviously controls the ore-formation . Mineralization occurs...Yinshan anticline is the product of tectono-dynamic deformation - metamorphism .Along the axis of the anticline exists a brittle-ductile shearing zone which obviously controls the ore-formation . Mineralization occurs along the axis of the anticline in a width of about 1000m .In the mining area .volcano- subvolcanic rocks of Early Yanshan period are divided into three cycles :Ⅰ intermediate acidic dacite lava and dacite porphyry ;Ⅱ acidic amphibole liparite and quartz porphyry;Ⅲ intermediate andesite porphyrite . Among them activities of ⅠandⅡ cycles are more intensive and are intimately related to the mineralization . Yinshan ore deposit is the result of combinative processes of tectono -dynamic and volcano -magmatic hydrothermal fluids, so that mere are two centers of metallogenic zoning, one being the axial strain zone of Yinshan anticline which is the center of first order, and the other being porphyry stock , 2nd order.展开更多
In this paper, we consider a method of centers for solving multi-objective programming problems, where the objective functions involved are concave functions and the set of feasible points is convex. The algorithm is ...In this paper, we consider a method of centers for solving multi-objective programming problems, where the objective functions involved are concave functions and the set of feasible points is convex. The algorithm is defined so that the sub-problems that must be solved during its execution may be solved by finite-step procedures. Conditions are given under which the algorithm generates sequences of feasible points and constraint multiplier vectors that have accumulation points satisfying the KKT conditions. Finally, we establish convergence of the proposed method of centers algorithm for solving multiobjective programming problems.展开更多
Hazard maps are usually prepared for each disaster, including seismic hazard maps, flood hazard maps, and landslide hazard maps. However, when the general public attempts to check their own disaster risk, most are lik...Hazard maps are usually prepared for each disaster, including seismic hazard maps, flood hazard maps, and landslide hazard maps. However, when the general public attempts to check their own disaster risk, most are likely not aware of the specific types of disaster. So, first of all, we need to know what kind<span style="font-family:;" "="">s</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> of hazards are important. However, the information that integrates multiple hazards is not well maintained, and there are few such studies. On the other hand, in Japan, a lot of hazard information is being released on the Internet. So, we summarized and assessed hazard data that can be accessed online regarding shelters (where evacuees live during disasters) and their catchments (areas assigned to each shelter) in Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture. Based on the results, we investigated whether a grouping by cluster analysis would allow for multi-hazard assessment. We used four natural disasters (seismic, flood, tsunami, sediment disaster) and six parameters of other population and senior population. However, since the characteristics of the population and the senior population were almost the same, only population data was used in the final examination. From the cluster analysis, it was found that it is appropriate to group the designated evacuation centers in Yokohama City into six groups. In addition, each of the six groups was found <span>to have explainable characteristics, confirming the effectiveness of multi-hazard</span> creation using cluster analysis. For example, we divided, all hazards are low, both flood and Seismic hazards are high, sediment hazards are high, etc. In many Japanese cities, disaster prevention measures have been constructed in consideration of ground hazards, mainly for earthquake disasters. In this paper, we confirmed the consistency between the evaluation results of the multi-hazard evaluated here and the existing ground hazard map and examined the usefulness of the designated evacuation center. Finally, the validity was confirmed by comparing this result with the ground hazard based on the actual measurement by the past research. In places where the seismic hazard is large, the two are consistent with the fact that the easiness of shaking by actual measurement is also large.</span>展开更多
Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to investigate volume effect and safety of up to 50 mL/kg BW 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 in adult and pediatric patients undergoing major elective surgery. The need ...Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to investigate volume effect and safety of up to 50 mL/kg BW 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 in adult and pediatric patients undergoing major elective surgery. The need to infuse human albumin may be reduced or avoided in Japan if these large doses 6% HES 130/0.4 can be infused. Methods: The study was an uncontrolled, open-labeled, multi-center trial. Fifteen adult and 5 pediatric patients undergoing major elective surgery received 6% HES 130/0.4 (Voluven®) with a maximum dose of 50 mL/kg from the start of surgery until 2 hours after the end of surgery according to a treatment algorithm. The primary efficacy endpoint was the volume effect of 6% HES 130/0.4 determined by the volume of saved albumin during the investigational period and the time course of hemodynamic stability in adult and pediatric patients. Safety parameters were fluid balance, hemodynamic and laboratory parameters ECG, local and systemic tolerance and adverse events. Results: Adult patients received a mean of 32.0 mL/kg of 6% HES 130/0.4. For 12 out of 15 adult patients an average amount of 1033.8 mL (18.6 mL/kg) albumin could be saved. The other 3 adult patients did not receive more than 1000 mL of HES 130/0.4. All pediatric patients received approximately 50 mL/kg of HES 130/0.4;for these patients an average amount of 39.9 mL/kg body weight albumin could be saved. The majority of adult patients, and all pediatric patients were hemodynamically stable at all 3 time points. The observed changes of the assessed laboratory parameters including hematological and coagulation parameters or in any other safety parameter determined did not reveal any safety concern related to the administration of 6% HES 130/0.4 up to doses of 50 mL/kg body weight. Conclusion: The study results indicate that 6% HES 130/0.4 has a reliable volume effect, could contribute to significant human albumin savings and was safe and well tolerated up to a maximum dose of 50 mL/kg body weight in adult and pediatric patients undergoing major elective surgery.展开更多
Many "rich - connected" topologies with multiple parallel paths between smwers have been proposed for data center networks recently to provide high bisection bandwidth, but it re mains challenging to fully utilize t...Many "rich - connected" topologies with multiple parallel paths between smwers have been proposed for data center networks recently to provide high bisection bandwidth, but it re mains challenging to fully utilize the high network capacity by appropriate multi- path routing algorithms. As flow-level path splitting may lead to trafl'ic imbalance between paths due to flow- size difference, packet-level path splitting attracts more attention lately, which spreads packets from flows into multiple available paths and significantly improves link utilizations. However, it may cause packet reordering, confusing the TCP congestion control algorithm and lowering the throughput of flows. In this paper, we design a novel packetlevel multi-path routing scheme called SOPA, which leverag- es OpenFlow to perform packet-level path splitting in a round- robin fashion, and hence significantly mitigates the packet reordering problem and improves the network throughput. Moreover, SOPA leverages the topological feature of data center networks to encode a very small number of switches along the path into the packet header, resulting in very light overhead. Compared with random packet spraying (RPS), Hedera and equal-cost multi-path routing (ECMP), our simulations demonstrate that SOPA achieves 29.87%, 50.41% and 77.74% higher network throughput respectively under permutation workload, and reduces average data transfer completion time by 53.65%, 343.31% and 348.25% respectively under production workload.展开更多
To research the effect of the selection method of multi-objects genetic algorithm problem on optimizing result, thismethod is analyzed theoretically and discussed by using an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) as an o...To research the effect of the selection method of multi-objects genetic algorithm problem on optimizing result, thismethod is analyzed theoretically and discussed by using an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) as an object. A changingweight vtlue method is put forward and a selection formula is modified. Some experiments were implemented on an AUV.TwinBurger. The results shows that this method is effective and feasible.展开更多
In the video-based surveillance application, moving shadows can affect the correct localization and detection of moving objects. This paper aims to present a method for shadow detection and suppression used for moving...In the video-based surveillance application, moving shadows can affect the correct localization and detection of moving objects. This paper aims to present a method for shadow detection and suppression used for moving visual object detection. The major novelty of the shadow suppression is the integration of several features including photometric invariant color feature, motion edge feature, and spatial feature etc. By modifying process for false shadow detected, the averaging detection rate of moving object reaches above 90% in the test of Hall-Monitor sequence.展开更多
The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effecti...The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.展开更多
A research is done for multipath effects of low-angle tracking in meter-wave radar,and the theory of multi-scattering centers of complex target is discussed as well as the character of reflected echoes.This points out...A research is done for multipath effects of low-angle tracking in meter-wave radar,and the theory of multi-scattering centers of complex target is discussed as well as the character of reflected echoes.This points out that the distribution and scattering properties of scattering centers are the prime reasons which cause the variation of multipath effects,and all the changes of position,motion and attitude of the target can influence the multipath effects.By building of multipath model for multi-scattering centers for target,the analysis above is verified and a new method of elevation estimation for low-angle target is presented.The new method uses canceling vectors obtained by searching to cancel reflected waves in echoes and reduce the influence of reflected components,which can improve the accuracy of elevation estimation of low-angle target and the performance of low-angle tracking in meter-wave radar.Experimental results verify the availability of the method.展开更多
The pursuit of the higher performance mobile communications forces the emergence of the fifth generation mobile communication(5G). 5G network, integrating wireless and wired domain, can be qualified for the complex vi...The pursuit of the higher performance mobile communications forces the emergence of the fifth generation mobile communication(5G). 5G network, integrating wireless and wired domain, can be qualified for the complex virtual network work oriented to the cross-domain requirement. In this paper, we focus on the multi-domain virtual network embedding in a heterogeneous 5G network infrastructure, which facilitates the resource sharing for diverse-function demands from fixed/mobile end users. We proposed the mathematical ILP model for this problem.And based on the layered-substrate-resource auxiliary graph and an effective six-quadrant service-type-judgment method, 5G embedding demands can be classified accurately to match different user access densities. A collection of novel heuristic algorithms of virtual 5G network embedding are proposed. A great deal of numerical simulation results testified that our algorithm performed better in terms of average blocking rate, routing latency and wireless/wired resource utilization, compared with the benchmark.展开更多
Firstly, in view of the respective defects of existing self-centering devices for vehicle suspension height, the design scheme of the proposed mechanical self-centering device for suspension height is described. Takin...Firstly, in view of the respective defects of existing self-centering devices for vehicle suspension height, the design scheme of the proposed mechanical self-centering device for suspension height is described. Taking the rear suspension of a certain light bus as a research example, the structures and parameters of the novel device are designed and ascertained. Then, the road excitation models, the performance evaluation indexes and the half-vehicle model are built, the simulation outputs of time and frequency domain are obtained with the road excitations of random and pulse by using MATLAB/Simulink software. So the main characteristics of the self-centering suspension are presented preliminarily. Finally, a multi-objective parameter design optimization model for the self-centering device is built by weighted sum approach, and optimal solution is obtained by adopting complex approach. The relevant choosing-type parameters for self-centering device components are deduced by using discrete variable optimal method, and the optimal results are verified and analyzed. So the performance potentials of the self-centering device are exerted fully in condition of ensuring overall suspension performances.展开更多
Based on the theory of multi-body system (MBS), bine’s and huston’s methods are applied to an on-line measuring system of machining center in this paper. Through the study on modeling technique, the comprehensive mo...Based on the theory of multi-body system (MBS), bine’s and huston’s methods are applied to an on-line measuring system of machining center in this paper. Through the study on modeling technique, the comprehensive model for errors calculation in an on-line measuring System of machining center have been built for the first time. Using this model, the errors can be compensated by soft.ware and the measuring accuracy can be enhanced without any more inveSt. This model can be used in all kinds of machining center.展开更多
Large-scale and diverse businesses based on the cloud computing platform bring the heavy network traffic to cloud data centers.However,the unbalanced workload of cloud data center network easily leads to the network c...Large-scale and diverse businesses based on the cloud computing platform bring the heavy network traffic to cloud data centers.However,the unbalanced workload of cloud data center network easily leads to the network congestion,the low resource utilization rate,the long delay,the low reliability,and the low throughput.In order to improve the utilization efficiency and the quality of services(QoS)of cloud system,especially to solve the problem of network congestion,we propose MTSS,a multi-path traffic scheduling mechanism based on software defined networking(SDN).MTSS utilizes the data flow scheduling flexibility of SDN and the multi-path feature of the fat-tree structure to improve the traffic balance of the cloud data center network.A heuristic traffic balancing algorithm is presented for MTSS,which periodically monitors the network link and dynamically adjusts the traffic on the heavy link to achieve programmable data forwarding and load balancing.The experimental results show that MTSS outperforms equal-cost multi-path protocol(ECMP),by effectively reducing the packet loss rate and delay.In addition,MTSS improves the utilization efficiency,the reliability and the throughput rate of the cloud data center network.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.91750111)the Youth Foundation of Hebei Province Education Department,China(Grant No.QN2017028)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Hebei GEO University,China(Grant No.BQ2017047)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(Grant No.A2015205161)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.SNNU.GK201801009)
文摘We study high-order harmonic generation(HHG) from multi-center asymmetric linear molecules numerically and analytically. Our simulations show that odd and even HHG spectra of the asymmetric multi-center system respond differently to the change of the molecular structure. Specifically, when the internuclear distances between these nuclei of the molecule have a small change, the odd spectra usually do not change basically, but the even spectra differ remarkably. Based on this phenomenon, a simple procedure is proposed to probe the positions of these nuclei with odd–even HHG. Our results shed light on attosecond probing of the structure of multi-center molecules using HHG.
文摘New and emerging use cases, such as the interconnection of geographically distributed data centers(DCs), are drawing attention to the requirement for dynamic end-to-end service provisioning, spanning multiple and heterogeneous optical network domains. This heterogeneity is, not only due to the diverse data transmission and switching technologies, but also due to the different options of control plane techniques. In light of this, the problem of heterogeneous control plane interworking needs to be solved, and in particular, the solution must address the specific issues of multi-domain networks, such as limited domain topology visibility, given the scalability and confidentiality constraints. In this article, some of the recent activities regarding the Software-Defined Networking(SDN) orchestration are reviewed to address such a multi-domain control plane interworking problem. Specifically, three different models, including the single SDN controller model, multiple SDN controllers in mesh, and multiple SDN controllers in a hierarchical setting, are presented for the DC interconnection network with multiple SDN/Open Flow domains or multiple Open Flow/Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching( GMPLS) heterogeneous domains. I n addition, two concrete implementations of the orchestration architectures are detailed, showing the overall feasibility and procedures of SDN orchestration for the end-to-endservice provisioning in multi-domain data center optical networks.
基金supported in part by the following funding agencies of China:National Natural Science Foundation under Grant 61602050 and U1534201National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2016QY01W0200
文摘Virtual data center is a new form of cloud computing concept applied to data center. As one of the most important challenges, virtual data center embedding problem has attracted much attention from researchers. In data centers, energy issue is very important for the reality that data center energy consumption has increased by dozens of times in the last decade. In this paper, we are concerned about the cost-aware multi-domain virtual data center embedding problem. In order to solve this problem, this paper first addresses the energy consumption model. The model includes the energy consumption model of the virtual machine node and the virtual switch node, to quantify the energy consumption in the virtual data center embedding process. Based on the energy consumption model above, this paper presents a heuristic algorithm for cost-aware multi-domain virtual data center embedding. The algorithm consists of two steps: inter-domain embedding and intra-domain embedding. Inter-domain virtual data center embedding refers to dividing virtual data center requests into several slices to select the appropriate single data center. Intra-domain virtual data center refers to embedding virtual data center requests in each data center. We first propose an inter-domain virtual data center embedding algorithm based on label propagation to select the appropriate single data center. We then propose a cost-aware virtual data center embedding algorithm to perform the intra-domain data center embedding. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed algorithm in this paper can effectively reduce the energy consumption while ensuring the success ratio of embedding.
文摘The simple adjusted estimator of risk difference in each center is easy constructed by adding a value c on the number of successes and on the number of failures in each arm of the proportion estimator. Assessing a treatment effect in multi-center studies, we propose minimum MSE (mean square error) weights of an adjusted summary estimate of risk difference under the assumption of a constant of common risk difference over all centers. To evaluate the performance of the proposed weights, we compare not only in terms of estimation based on bias, variance, and MSE with two other conventional weights, such as the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel weights and the inverse variance (weighted least square) weights, but also we compare the potential tests based on the type I error probability and the power of test in a variety of situations. The results illustrate that the proposed weights in terms of point estimation and hypothesis testing perform well and should be recommended to use as an alternative choice. Finally, two applications are illustrated for the practical use.
文摘Yinshan anticline is the product of tectono-dynamic deformation - metamorphism .Along the axis of the anticline exists a brittle-ductile shearing zone which obviously controls the ore-formation . Mineralization occurs along the axis of the anticline in a width of about 1000m .In the mining area .volcano- subvolcanic rocks of Early Yanshan period are divided into three cycles :Ⅰ intermediate acidic dacite lava and dacite porphyry ;Ⅱ acidic amphibole liparite and quartz porphyry;Ⅲ intermediate andesite porphyrite . Among them activities of ⅠandⅡ cycles are more intensive and are intimately related to the mineralization . Yinshan ore deposit is the result of combinative processes of tectono -dynamic and volcano -magmatic hydrothermal fluids, so that mere are two centers of metallogenic zoning, one being the axial strain zone of Yinshan anticline which is the center of first order, and the other being porphyry stock , 2nd order.
文摘In this paper, we consider a method of centers for solving multi-objective programming problems, where the objective functions involved are concave functions and the set of feasible points is convex. The algorithm is defined so that the sub-problems that must be solved during its execution may be solved by finite-step procedures. Conditions are given under which the algorithm generates sequences of feasible points and constraint multiplier vectors that have accumulation points satisfying the KKT conditions. Finally, we establish convergence of the proposed method of centers algorithm for solving multiobjective programming problems.
文摘Hazard maps are usually prepared for each disaster, including seismic hazard maps, flood hazard maps, and landslide hazard maps. However, when the general public attempts to check their own disaster risk, most are likely not aware of the specific types of disaster. So, first of all, we need to know what kind<span style="font-family:;" "="">s</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> of hazards are important. However, the information that integrates multiple hazards is not well maintained, and there are few such studies. On the other hand, in Japan, a lot of hazard information is being released on the Internet. So, we summarized and assessed hazard data that can be accessed online regarding shelters (where evacuees live during disasters) and their catchments (areas assigned to each shelter) in Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture. Based on the results, we investigated whether a grouping by cluster analysis would allow for multi-hazard assessment. We used four natural disasters (seismic, flood, tsunami, sediment disaster) and six parameters of other population and senior population. However, since the characteristics of the population and the senior population were almost the same, only population data was used in the final examination. From the cluster analysis, it was found that it is appropriate to group the designated evacuation centers in Yokohama City into six groups. In addition, each of the six groups was found <span>to have explainable characteristics, confirming the effectiveness of multi-hazard</span> creation using cluster analysis. For example, we divided, all hazards are low, both flood and Seismic hazards are high, sediment hazards are high, etc. In many Japanese cities, disaster prevention measures have been constructed in consideration of ground hazards, mainly for earthquake disasters. In this paper, we confirmed the consistency between the evaluation results of the multi-hazard evaluated here and the existing ground hazard map and examined the usefulness of the designated evacuation center. Finally, the validity was confirmed by comparing this result with the ground hazard based on the actual measurement by the past research. In places where the seismic hazard is large, the two are consistent with the fact that the easiness of shaking by actual measurement is also large.</span>
文摘Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to investigate volume effect and safety of up to 50 mL/kg BW 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 in adult and pediatric patients undergoing major elective surgery. The need to infuse human albumin may be reduced or avoided in Japan if these large doses 6% HES 130/0.4 can be infused. Methods: The study was an uncontrolled, open-labeled, multi-center trial. Fifteen adult and 5 pediatric patients undergoing major elective surgery received 6% HES 130/0.4 (Voluven®) with a maximum dose of 50 mL/kg from the start of surgery until 2 hours after the end of surgery according to a treatment algorithm. The primary efficacy endpoint was the volume effect of 6% HES 130/0.4 determined by the volume of saved albumin during the investigational period and the time course of hemodynamic stability in adult and pediatric patients. Safety parameters were fluid balance, hemodynamic and laboratory parameters ECG, local and systemic tolerance and adverse events. Results: Adult patients received a mean of 32.0 mL/kg of 6% HES 130/0.4. For 12 out of 15 adult patients an average amount of 1033.8 mL (18.6 mL/kg) albumin could be saved. The other 3 adult patients did not receive more than 1000 mL of HES 130/0.4. All pediatric patients received approximately 50 mL/kg of HES 130/0.4;for these patients an average amount of 39.9 mL/kg body weight albumin could be saved. The majority of adult patients, and all pediatric patients were hemodynamically stable at all 3 time points. The observed changes of the assessed laboratory parameters including hematological and coagulation parameters or in any other safety parameter determined did not reveal any safety concern related to the administration of 6% HES 130/0.4 up to doses of 50 mL/kg body weight. Conclusion: The study results indicate that 6% HES 130/0.4 has a reliable volume effect, could contribute to significant human albumin savings and was safe and well tolerated up to a maximum dose of 50 mL/kg body weight in adult and pediatric patients undergoing major elective surgery.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 program)under Grant No.2014CB347800 and No.2012CB315803the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(863 program)under Grant No.2013AA013303+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61170291,No.61133006,and No.61161140454ZTE IndustryAcademia-Research Cooperation Funds
文摘Many "rich - connected" topologies with multiple parallel paths between smwers have been proposed for data center networks recently to provide high bisection bandwidth, but it re mains challenging to fully utilize the high network capacity by appropriate multi- path routing algorithms. As flow-level path splitting may lead to trafl'ic imbalance between paths due to flow- size difference, packet-level path splitting attracts more attention lately, which spreads packets from flows into multiple available paths and significantly improves link utilizations. However, it may cause packet reordering, confusing the TCP congestion control algorithm and lowering the throughput of flows. In this paper, we design a novel packetlevel multi-path routing scheme called SOPA, which leverag- es OpenFlow to perform packet-level path splitting in a round- robin fashion, and hence significantly mitigates the packet reordering problem and improves the network throughput. Moreover, SOPA leverages the topological feature of data center networks to encode a very small number of switches along the path into the packet header, resulting in very light overhead. Compared with random packet spraying (RPS), Hedera and equal-cost multi-path routing (ECMP), our simulations demonstrate that SOPA achieves 29.87%, 50.41% and 77.74% higher network throughput respectively under permutation workload, and reduces average data transfer completion time by 53.65%, 343.31% and 348.25% respectively under production workload.
文摘To research the effect of the selection method of multi-objects genetic algorithm problem on optimizing result, thismethod is analyzed theoretically and discussed by using an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) as an object. A changingweight vtlue method is put forward and a selection formula is modified. Some experiments were implemented on an AUV.TwinBurger. The results shows that this method is effective and feasible.
文摘In the video-based surveillance application, moving shadows can affect the correct localization and detection of moving objects. This paper aims to present a method for shadow detection and suppression used for moving visual object detection. The major novelty of the shadow suppression is the integration of several features including photometric invariant color feature, motion edge feature, and spatial feature etc. By modifying process for false shadow detected, the averaging detection rate of moving object reaches above 90% in the test of Hall-Monitor sequence.
文摘The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.
文摘A research is done for multipath effects of low-angle tracking in meter-wave radar,and the theory of multi-scattering centers of complex target is discussed as well as the character of reflected echoes.This points out that the distribution and scattering properties of scattering centers are the prime reasons which cause the variation of multipath effects,and all the changes of position,motion and attitude of the target can influence the multipath effects.By building of multipath model for multi-scattering centers for target,the analysis above is verified and a new method of elevation estimation for low-angle target is presented.The new method uses canceling vectors obtained by searching to cancel reflected waves in echoes and reduce the influence of reflected components,which can improve the accuracy of elevation estimation of low-angle target and the performance of low-angle tracking in meter-wave radar.Experimental results verify the availability of the method.
基金supported in part by Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (Grant No. IPOC2014B009)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. N130817002, N150401002)+1 种基金Foundation of the Education Department of Liaoning Province (Grant No. L2014089)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61302070, 61401082, 61471109, 61502075, 91438110)
文摘The pursuit of the higher performance mobile communications forces the emergence of the fifth generation mobile communication(5G). 5G network, integrating wireless and wired domain, can be qualified for the complex virtual network work oriented to the cross-domain requirement. In this paper, we focus on the multi-domain virtual network embedding in a heterogeneous 5G network infrastructure, which facilitates the resource sharing for diverse-function demands from fixed/mobile end users. We proposed the mathematical ILP model for this problem.And based on the layered-substrate-resource auxiliary graph and an effective six-quadrant service-type-judgment method, 5G embedding demands can be classified accurately to match different user access densities. A collection of novel heuristic algorithms of virtual 5G network embedding are proposed. A great deal of numerical simulation results testified that our algorithm performed better in terms of average blocking rate, routing latency and wireless/wired resource utilization, compared with the benchmark.
基金supported by Youth Technological Phosphor Project of Shanghai City (No.04QMX1474).
文摘Firstly, in view of the respective defects of existing self-centering devices for vehicle suspension height, the design scheme of the proposed mechanical self-centering device for suspension height is described. Taking the rear suspension of a certain light bus as a research example, the structures and parameters of the novel device are designed and ascertained. Then, the road excitation models, the performance evaluation indexes and the half-vehicle model are built, the simulation outputs of time and frequency domain are obtained with the road excitations of random and pulse by using MATLAB/Simulink software. So the main characteristics of the self-centering suspension are presented preliminarily. Finally, a multi-objective parameter design optimization model for the self-centering device is built by weighted sum approach, and optimal solution is obtained by adopting complex approach. The relevant choosing-type parameters for self-centering device components are deduced by using discrete variable optimal method, and the optimal results are verified and analyzed. So the performance potentials of the self-centering device are exerted fully in condition of ensuring overall suspension performances.
文摘Based on the theory of multi-body system (MBS), bine’s and huston’s methods are applied to an on-line measuring system of machining center in this paper. Through the study on modeling technique, the comprehensive model for errors calculation in an on-line measuring System of machining center have been built for the first time. Using this model, the errors can be compensated by soft.ware and the measuring accuracy can be enhanced without any more inveSt. This model can be used in all kinds of machining center.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1003702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61472192)the Scientific and Technological Support Project(Society)of Jiangsu Province(BE2016776)
文摘Large-scale and diverse businesses based on the cloud computing platform bring the heavy network traffic to cloud data centers.However,the unbalanced workload of cloud data center network easily leads to the network congestion,the low resource utilization rate,the long delay,the low reliability,and the low throughput.In order to improve the utilization efficiency and the quality of services(QoS)of cloud system,especially to solve the problem of network congestion,we propose MTSS,a multi-path traffic scheduling mechanism based on software defined networking(SDN).MTSS utilizes the data flow scheduling flexibility of SDN and the multi-path feature of the fat-tree structure to improve the traffic balance of the cloud data center network.A heuristic traffic balancing algorithm is presented for MTSS,which periodically monitors the network link and dynamically adjusts the traffic on the heavy link to achieve programmable data forwarding and load balancing.The experimental results show that MTSS outperforms equal-cost multi-path protocol(ECMP),by effectively reducing the packet loss rate and delay.In addition,MTSS improves the utilization efficiency,the reliability and the throughput rate of the cloud data center network.