Characteristics of non-thermal AC arcs in multi-arc generator

To obtain large-volume non-thermal arc plasma(NTAP), a multiple NTAP generator with three pairs of electrodes has been developed. The arc plasma characteristics, including dynamic process, spatial distribution, and rotation velocity in the discharge zone, were investigated by high speed photograph and image processing methods. The results showed that the dynamic behaviors and spatial distribution of the arc plasma were strongly related to the electrode configuration.A swirl flow of multi-arc plasma was formed by adjusting the electrode configuration, and a steady luminance area was clearly observed in the center of the discharge zone. Moreover, the size of the luminance area increased by decreasing the gas flow rate. The electrical connection in series could be formed between/among these arc columns with their respective driving power supplies in the multi-arc dynamic evolution process. An approximately periodical process of acceleration and deceleration of the arc rotation velocity was observed in the multi-arc generator with swirl flow configuration. In general, the mean velocity of arc rotation was higher in the multi-arc generator with swirl flow configuration when a pair of electrodes driven by a power supply were opposite to each other rather than adjacent.

Friction Characteristics of Nanoscale Sliding Contacts between Multi-Asperity Tips and Textured Surfaces

Nanoscale sliding contacts of smooth surfaces or between a single asperity and a smooth surface have been widely investigated by molecular dynamics simulations, while there are few studies on the sliding contacts between two rough surfaces. Actually, the friction of two rough surfaces considering interactions between more asperities should be more realistic. By using multiscale method, friction characteristics of two dimensional nanoscale sliding contacts between rigid multi-asperity tips and elastic textured surfaces are investigated. Four nanoscale textured surfaces with different texture shapes are designed, and six multi-asperity tips composed of cylindrical asperities with different radii are used to slide on the textured surfaces. Friction forces are compared for different tips, and effects of the asperity radii on the friction characteristics are investigated. Average friction forces for all the cases are listed and compared, and effects of texture shapes of the textured surfaces are discussed. The results show that textured surface II has a better structure to reduce friction forces. The multi-asperity tips composed of asperities with R=20r0 （r0=0.227 7 nm） or R=30r0 get higher friction forces compared with other cases, and more atoms of the textured surfaces are taken away by these two tips, which are harmful to reduce friction or wear. For the case of R=10ro, friction forces are also high due to large contact areas, but the sliding processes are stable and few atoms are taken away by the tip. The proposed research considers interactions between more asperities to make the model approach to the real sliding contact problems. The results will help to vary or even control friction characteristics by textured surfaces, or provide references to the design of textured surfaces.

MULTI-SCALE CHARACTERISTICS STUDY ON THE FREQUENCY OF FOGGY DAYS OCCURRING IN NANJING IN DECEMBER 2007

Based on the number of foggy days in Nanjing in December from 1980 to 2011, we analyzed the surface temperature and atmospheric circulation characteristics of foggy years and less-foggy years. Positive anomalies of the Arctic Oscillation(AO) were found to weaken the East Asian trough, which is not conducive to the southward migration of cold air. Simultaneously, this atmospheric condition favors stability as a result of a high-pressure anomaly from the middle Yangtze River Delta region. A portion of La Nia events increases the amount of water vapor in the South China Sea region, so this phenomenon could provide the water vapor condition required for foggy days in Nanjing.Based on the data in December 2007, which contained the greatest number of foggy days for the years studied, the source of fog vapor in Nanjing was primarily from southern China and southwest Taiwan Island based on a synoptic scale study. The water vapor in southern China and in the southwestern flow increased, and after a period of 2-3 days,the humidity in Nanjing increased. Simultaneously, the water vapor from the southwestern of Taiwan Island was directly transported to Nanjing by the southerly wind. Therefore, these two areas are the most important sources of water vapor that results in heavy fog in Nanjing. Using the bivariate Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) mode on the surface temperature and precipitable water vapor, the first mode was found to reflect the seasonal variation from early winter to late winter, which reduced the surface temperature on a large scale. The second mode was found to reflect a large-scale,northward, warm and humid airflow that was accompanied by the enhancement of the subtropical high, particularly between December 15-21, which is primarily responsible for the consecutive foggy days in Nanjing.

Light Absorption Characteristics of Multi-Morphology FeS_2 Granular Synthesized Under Hydrothermal Conditions

A. Ennaoui proposed that FeS2 owns an appropriate band gap (0.95 eV) and large absorption coefficient, it can be used for solar materials. People had studied the light absorption characteristics of the FeS2 prepared by different methods, and believed that crystal grain size, defect density and crystalline quality are important factors that affect the light absorption properties. In order to take a depth study of the absorption properties, the research group has taken a study on light absorption characteristics of natural pyrite, the existence of Co, Ni impurities results in lower band gap and conversion efficiency.

Research on dynamic characteristics model test scheme for middle pylon of multi-pylon multi-span suspension bridges

Multi-pylon multi-span suspension bridge is a new type super flexible structure system, and the rigidity design of middle pylon is one of the main difficult technical issues. Due to the requirements of longitudinal rigidity, the structural form and the corresponding foundation type of middle pylon are different from those of the ordinary steel pylon, and the complicated dynamic characteristics make the calculation quite difficult. In this article, exploration has been made in selection of similarity ratio and model materials, section simulation, restriction conditions simulation, fixing of mass blocks, fabrication scheme and testing method by taking into account different construction and working conditions such as restriction conditions and working environment of a three-pylon suspension bridge, to conduct the test experimental design of the dynamic behavior of the middle pylon, with the purpose to reveal its dynamic characteristics and make comparison and analysis with theoretical assumptions, to provide basis for anti-wind and anti-seismic design and reference for the design and research of three-pylon two-span suspension bridges in the future.

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS ON PRECISION NC LATHE BASED ON MULTI-BODY SYSTEM THEORY

Based on multi-body system theory and the mainshafl system of precision NC lathe as object investigated, it is treated as a coupled rigid-flexible multi-body system which is made up of some rigid and elastic bodies in an especial linking mode. And a dynamic model is established, The problems of computing vibration characteristics are resolved by using multi-body system transfer matrix method, Resutts show that the mainshaft system of NC lathe is in the stable and reliable working area all the time. The method is simple and easy, the idea is clear. In addition, the method can be easily used and popularized in the other multi-body system.

2016-2022年北京市人源空肠弯曲菌多重耐药及流行特征分析

目的 对2016-2022年北京地区人源空肠弯曲菌流行特征和多重耐药进行分析。方法 对2016-2022年肠道门诊的感染性腹泻患者粪便样本进行滤膜驱动法分离培养空肠弯曲菌并采用琼脂稀释法(MIC)进行耐药实验。结果 2016-2022年共检出人源空肠弯曲菌614株,检出月份以4-10月为主,占87.46%(537/614),发病年龄集中在20~<40岁,占51.63%(317/614),男、女性别比为1.52∶1。耐药结果显示,614株菌以萘啶酸耐药率最高,为78.99%(485/614),红霉素耐药率最低,为4.89%(30/614)。614株菌有116种耐药谱型,耐三重及以上耐药菌株占65.64%(403/614),耐药谱以耐萘啶酸、环丙沙星、四环素谱型最多,占23.62%(145/614)。结论 空肠弯曲菌引起的腹泻逐年增多,多重耐药严重且谱型复杂。

甲醇-柴油反应活性控制压燃发动机排放特性与经济性预测及优化

基于甲醇-柴油双燃料反应活性控制压燃(reactivity controlled compression ignition,RCCI)发动机台架试验数据,建立了基于粒子群算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)优化BP神经网络的甲醇-柴油RCCI发动机排放特性、经济性预测智能模型,以发动机负荷、甲醇替代率、EGR率为输入参数,NO_(x)、烟度、CO、THC排放和当量有效燃油消耗率为输出,预测模型的决定系数(R^(2))分别为0.99,0.97,0.99,0.98和0.96,平均绝对百分比误差(mean absolute percentage error,MAPE)为6.46%,0.56%,3.12%,1.21%和0.3%,表明构建的PSO-BPNN模型能够有效预测甲醇-柴油RCCI发动机的NO_(x)、烟度、CO、THC排放和经济性。基于偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)分析了不同控制参数对发动机污染物排放和经济性的相关性,将PSO-BPNN预测模型与NSGA-Ⅱ算法相结合,以NO_(x)、烟度和当量有效燃油消耗率为目标对负荷、甲醇替代率和EGR率进行协同优化,将最优控制参数组合标定至双燃料发动机的控制系统进行试验验证。结果表明:优化后烟度变化不明显,NO_(x)排放平均降低39.6%,当量有效燃油消耗率平均降低2.6%。

5G-A多频智选及网络效能研究

运营商5G多频多层的网络结构,以及业务类型和业务QoS需求多样化,给网络运营带来了巨大挑战。重点论述了多频网络情况下,基于业务特征的用户群体区分方法和对应的体验最佳载波的选择方案,以及载波聚合场景下网络效能的提升建议。

电液3-UPS/S并联稳定平台参数振动特性分析

针对电液3-UPS/S并联稳定平台驱动液压缸的压力脉动所产生的参数振动,建立了稳定平台的参数振动方程并利用多尺度法求解了主共振响应与组合共振响应的一次近似解;分析了主共振与组合共振响应特性以及振动幅值在初始工作空间内的变化规律,最后采用四阶龙格库塔法与模态试验对参数振动模型进行验证。结果表明:数值解与理论解之间的最大误差为4.20%,固有频率理论值与试验值之间的最大误差为4.66%,可验证参数振动模型的正确性。

基于MEA-BP神经网络的多孔质轴承参数优化

为了提高圆盘类多孔质静压止推轴承的静态特性,采用思维进化算法(MEA)优化反向传播(BP)神经网络,创建圆盘类多孔质静压止推轴承静态特性的预测模型,完成轴承静态承载力、静刚度以及耗气量的高精度预测,其预测误差分别低于2%、5%以及5%。基于此模型,以最大化静态承载力和静刚度、最小化耗气量为优化目标值,采用遗传算法对轴承的多孔质参数组合进行多目标优化,实现轴承参数的快速优化设计。优化结果表明:此轴承静态承载力提高了64.53%,静刚度提高了31.93%,耗气量降低了56.52%。

Force-displacement characteristics of simply supported beam laminated with shape memory alloys

As a preliminary step in the nonlinear design of shape memory alloy（SMA） composite structures,the force-displacement characteristics of the SMA layer are studied.The bilinear hysteretic model is adopted to describe the constitutive relationship of SMA material.Under the assumption that there is no point of SMA layer finishing martensitic phase transformation during the loading and unloading process,the generalized restoring force generated by SMA layer is deduced for the case that the simply supported beam vibrates in its first mode.The generalized force is expressed as piecewise-nonlinear hysteretic function of the beam transverse displacement.Furthermore the energy dissipated by SMA layer during one period is obtained by integration,then its dependencies are discussed on the vibration amplitude and the SMA＇s strain（Ms-Strain） value at the beginning of martensitic phase transformation.It is shown that SMA＇s energy dissipating capacity is proportional to the stiffness difference of bilinear model and nonlinearly dependent on Ms-Strain.The increasing rate of the dissipating capacity gradually reduces with the amplitude increasing.The condition corresponding to the maximum dissipating capacity is deduced for given value of the vibration amplitude.The obtained results are helpful for designing beams laminated with shape memory alloys.

Study on magneto-elastic-plastic deformation characteristics of ferromagnetic rectangular plate with simple supports

In this paper, the magnetic-elastic-plastic deformation behavior is studied for a ferromagnetic plate with simple supports. The perturbation formula of magnetic force is first derived based on the perturbation technique, and is then applied to the analysis of deformation characteristics with emphasis laid on the analyses of modes, symmetry of deformation and influences of incident angle of applied magnetic field on the plate deformation. The theoretical analyses offer explanations why the configuration offer- romagnetic rectangular plate with simple supports under an oblique magnetic field is in-wavy type along the x-direction, and why the largest deformation of the ferromagnetic plate occurs at the incident angle of 45°for the magnetic field. A numerical code based on the finite element method is developed to simulate quantitatively behaviors of the nonlinearly coupled multi-field problem. Some characteristic curves are plotted to illustrate the magneto--elastic-plastic deflections, and to reveal how the deflections can be influenced by the incident angle of applied magnetic field. The deformation characteristics obtained from the numerical simulations are found in good agreement with the theoretical analyses.

Formation conditions and accumulation characteristics of Bozhong 19-6 large condensate gas field in offshore Bohai Bay Basin

Based on the study of natural gas resource, low buried hill trap formation mechanism, high quality reservoir control factors and natural gas preservation conditions, the formation conditions and reservoir accumulation characteristics of Bozhong 19-6 large condensate gas field were summarized. Large gas generation potential of multiple sets of thick humic-sapropelic source rocks in high maturity stage in Bozhong depression was the basis of large gas field formation. The multi-stage tectonic evolution since Indosinian period formed large-scale buried hill traps. The Tanlu fault activity formed multi-type reservoirs, and buried hill metamorphic rock of Archean and sand-conglomerate of Kongdian Formation were high-quality reservoirs. Thick overpressure lacustrine mudstone and weak neotectonic movement provided good preservation conditions. Bozhong 19-6 gas reservoir was a condensate gas reservoir with very high condensate oil content, and the gas origin was humic-sapropelic and kerogen-cracking gas, and the gas field had large gas thickness, high gas column characteristics and the accumulation process was first oil and then gas. The buried hill reservoir was a massive reservoir and the Kongdian reservoir was a stratified reservoir. The gas field had multi-channel hydrocarbon intense charge from overpressure source rocks, atmospheric-weak overpressure reservoir favorable for accumulation, thick overpressure mudstone caprock favorable for preservation, and natural gas ultra-late rapid accumulation model.

用于宫颈细胞分类的轻量级网络ICA-Res2Net

针对目前宫颈细胞分类准确率不高以及实时性差的问题,提出改进的协调注意力模块(improved coordinate attention,ICA),并结合新型残差结构Res2Net以及空间金字塔池化层,设计一种轻量级深度卷积神经网络ICARes2Net。利用Res2Net网络特征子块间的交叉卷积,提取特征层中更细粒度的信息;采用空间金字塔池化提取局部区域特征,从而在不增加训练参数量的同时有效提取特征;进一步引入改进的轻量级注意力模块,通过横向池化、纵向池化等操作,给予特征层各像素点不同的加权值,强化重要细节特征,帮助网络定位感兴趣对象。此外,为有效防止深度网络的退化,提出的ICA-Res2Net网络保留了残差网络的跳跃连接设计;并联合Softmax损失函数和中心损失函数对网络参数进行训练,提高其分类准确率。利用提出的轻量级网络对SIPaKMeD公开数据集中的宫颈细胞图像进行分类,测试集的分类准确率达到98.65%,且网络的训练参数比ResNet50、DenseNet121等经典网络更少,显著提升宫颈细胞图像的分类效率。

400 kW永磁同步电机磁-流-热耦合特性分析

为准确分析大功率永磁同步电机运行时的温升特性,对400 kW,9 000 r/min的大功率永磁同步电机进行磁-流-热多物理场耦合分析。首先,对电机进行结构设计,分析其空载及负载的运行特性。其次,将损耗作为热源加载到温度场中,采用流热耦合,计算冷却流道中的冷却液对电机温度的影响。最后,考虑电机材料的温度特性对热性能的影响,提出双向耦合的方法,将电机磁场损耗实际分布加载到温度场中,再将绕组和永磁体温度变化情况反代至电磁场,通过有限元方法实现电机磁-流-热多物理场耦合。结果表明,双向耦合方法下,绕组的温升比单向耦合高6.27%,永磁体温升增加2.27%,提高了该类电机损耗和温升计算精度。

Using receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate the diagnostic value of the combination of multislice spiral CT and alpha-fetoprotein levels for small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients

BACKGROUND： The various combination of multiphase enhancement multislice spiral CT （MSCT） makes the diagno- sis of a small hepatocellular carcinoma （sHCC） on the back- ground of liver cirrhosis possible. This study was to explore whether the combination of MSCT enhancement scan and alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） level ficiency for sHCC. could increase the diagnostic ef- METHODS： This study included 35 sHCC patients and 52 cir- rhotic patients without image evidence of HCC as a control group. The diagnoses were made by three radiologists em- ploying a 5-point rating scale, with postoperative pathologic results as the gold standard. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diag- nostic value of the three MSCT combination modes （arterial phase＋portal-venous phase, arterial phase＋delayed phase, arterial phase＋portal-venous phase＋delayed phase） and AFP levels for sHCC on the background of liver cirrhosis. RESULTS： The area under ROC curve （AUC）, sensitivity, and specificity of the combination of arterial phase＋portal- venous phase＋delayed phase were 0.93, 93%, and 82%, respectively. The average AUC of the arterial phase＋portal- venous phase＋delayed phase combination was significantly greater than that of the arterial phase＋portal-venous phase （AUC=0.84, P=0.01） and arterial phase＋delayed phase （AUC=0.85, P=0.03）. Arterial phase＋portal-venous phase had a smaller AUC （0.84） than arterial phase＋delayed phase （0.85）, but the difference was insignificant （P=0.15）. After combining MSCT enhancement scan with AFP, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.95, 94%, and 83%, respectively, indicating a greatly increased diagnostic efficiency for sHCC. CONCLUSIONS： The combination of AFP and 3 phases MSCT enhancement scan could increase the diagnostic efficiency for sHCC on the background of liver cirrhosis. The application of ROC curve analysis has provided a new method and reference in HCC diagnosis.

基于支重轮-履带-地面多体耦合的履带机器人振动响应研究

构建支重轮-履带-地面多体耦合系统是研究履带机器人行驶平顺性的重要环节。以单侧五支重轮履带机器人为研究对象,在非线性悬挂系统模型以及考虑履带滤波作用的路面激励的基础上,建立了履带机器人振动理论估算模型。然后,基于履带机器人在不同等级路面及不同行驶速度工况下的仿真实验,利用均方根值定量分析了行驶速度、路面激励对机器人车体及其支重轮垂向振动的影响。最后,通过开展外路实验来验证七自由度半车的振动理论估算模型和动力学仿真模型。结果表明:随着行驶速度和路面不平度的提高,履带机器人车体的垂向振动近似呈线性增大,履带对路面激励有滤波作用。履带机器人车体质心及支重轮1,3,5的垂向振动加速度对路面激励最为敏感,车体垂向振动加速度功率谱密度幅值在频率为19 Hz左右时最大。由于支重轮5靠近驱动段,履带与主动轮啮合产生的多边形效应使其垂向振动相对于其他支重轮偏大。理论建模、仿真分析及外路实验相结合的方法为履带机器人在不同路况下的振动响应特性研究提供了新思路。

光伏-塔式光热SCO_(2)混合发电系统优化配置

针对现阶段光热发电系统成本较高和光伏发电功率波动性大的问题,提出了光伏-塔式光热超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环(SCO_(2))混合发电系统,研究了系统关键配置参数对经济性-环保性的影响规律,基于不同负荷类型对系统参数配置进行了多目标优化,探索了不同应用场景下混合发电系统的运行特性。仿真结果表明:光伏-塔式光热SCO_(2)混合发电系统中,光热发电比例升高时,系统经济性下降,但环保性能改善;增大混合发电系统总额定功率可降低系统平准化度电成本;当太阳倍数为4、储热时长为18 h情况下,平准化度电成本存在最低值为0.64元/(kW·h),比单纯光热发电经济性提高了31%。孤网运行条件下,在光伏-塔式光热SCO_(2)混合发电系统基础上增设柴油发电机组后,能够有效提升太阳能发电系统的供电可靠性,柴油发电占比仅为1.5%,柴油发电机组的年运行时长不足200 h即可保证100%满足实时电负荷需求。

Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Area Coverage and Observation Geometry of the MISR Land-surface BRF Product: A Case Study of the Central Part of Northeast Asia

The Multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer(MISR) land-surface(LS) bidirectional reflectance factor(BRF) product(MILS_BRF) has unique semi-simultaneous multi-angle sampling and global coverage. However, unlike on-satellite observations, the spatio-temporal characteristics of MILS_BRF data have rarely been explicitly and comprehensively analysed. Results from 5-yr(2011–2015) of MILS_BRF dataset from a typical region in central Northeast Asia as the study area showed that the monthly area coverage as well as MILS_BRF data quantity varies significantly, from the highest in October(99.05%) through median in June/July(78.09%/75.21%) to lowest in January(18.97%), and a large data-vacant area exists in the study area during four consecutive winter months(December through March). The data-vacant area is mainly composed of crop lands and cropland/natural vegetation mosaic. The amount of data within the principal plane(PP)±30°(nPP) or cross PP ±30°(nCP), varies intra-annually with significant differences from different view zeniths or forward/backward scattering directions. For example, multiple off-nadir cameras have nPP but no nCP data for up to six months(September through February), with the opposite occurring in June and July. This study provides explicit and comprehensive information about the spatio-temporal characteristics of product coverage and observation geometry of MILS_BRF in the study area. Results provide required user reference information for MILS_BRF to evaluate performance of BRDF models or to compare with other satellite-derived BRF or albedo products. Comparing this final product to on-satellite observations, what was found here reveals a new perspective on product spatial coverage and observation geometry for multi-angle remote sensing.