Multi-exposure fusion for high dynamic range scene

Due to the existing limited dynamic range a camera cannot reveal all the details in a high-dynamic range scene. In order to solve this problem,this paper presents a multi-exposure fusion method for getting high quality images in high dynamic range scene. First,a set of multi-exposure images is obtained by multiple exposures in a same scene and their brightness condition is analyzed. Then,multi-exposure images under the same scene are decomposed using dual-tree complex wavelet transform( DT-CWT),and their low and high frequency components are obtained. Weight maps according to the brightness condition are assigned to the low components for fusion. Maximizing the region Sum Modified-Laplacian( SML) is adopted for high-frequency components fusing. Finally,the fused image is acquired by subjecting the low and high frequency coefficients to inverse DT-CWT.Experimental results show that the proposed approach generates high quality results with uniform distributed brightness and rich details. The proposed method is efficient and robust in varies scenes.

Potential Toxicological and Cardiopulmonary Effects of PM2,5 Exposure and Related Mortality:Findings of Recent Studies Published during 2003-2013

Air pollution has environmental issue owing become a serious to its diverse harmful effects on the physical and biological environment. According to the Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） and the World Health Organization （WHO）, air pollution affects millions of people worldwide. Hundreds of thousands of deaths each year and a range of diseases, particularly among vulnerable groups （i.e., children, the elderly, and people with special medical conditions）, are attributed to air pollution. These effects are not always caused by single pollutant in the air; rather, they are considered consequences of the multi-pollutants to which people are simultaneously exposed.

LF-UMTI:基于多尺度空角交互的无监督多曝光光场图像融合

光场成像可同时捕获真实场景中光线的强度和方向信息。但受限于成像传感器的势阱容量,现光场相机单曝光捕获的光场图像难以完整记录真实场景中所有的细节信息。为了解决上述问题,本文提出了一种基于多尺度空角交互的无监督多曝光光场成像方法。该方法采用多尺度空角交互策略,以有效提取光场空角特征,同时利用通道维上建模策略以降低计算量来适应光场高维结构。其次,构建了由可逆神经网络导向的光场重建模块,以避免融合伪影并恢复更多细节信息。最后,设计了一种角度一致性损失,其考虑了边界子孔径图像和中心子孔径图像之间的视差变化,以保证融合结果的视差结构。为评估所提方法的性能,建立了一个面向真实场景的多曝光光场基准数据集。实验结果表明,所提方法可在保证角度一致性的前提下重建出具备高对比度和丰富细节的光场图像。与现有方法相比,所提方法在客观质量和主观视觉两方面均取得更好的结果。

Multi-features Based Approach for Moving Shadow Detection

In the video-based surveillance application, moving shadows can affect the correct localization and detection of moving objects. This paper aims to present a method for shadow detection and suppression used for moving visual object detection. The major novelty of the shadow suppression is the integration of several features including photometric invariant color feature, motion edge feature, and spatial feature etc. By modifying process for false shadow detected, the averaging detection rate of moving object reaches above 90% in the test of Hall-Monitor sequence.

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.

A Comparative Study of Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Multi -site Cardiac Pacing in patients with cardiac function NYHA class ⅠtoⅡ without bundle branch block

Objective To compare the acute hemodynamic effects of five different pacing modes in patients with cardiac function NYHA class Ⅰ to Ⅱ without bundle branch block (BBB). Methods This study included 12 patients (SSS 7, Ⅲ°AVB 5) undergoing pacemaker implantation. Right ventricular apex (RVA), right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), right ventricular bifocal (RV-Bi), left ventricular base (LVB) and bi -ventricular (Bi-Ⅴ) pacing at 60 -80 ppm were done in VVI mode prior to implantation of DDD pacemaker. The cardiac index (CI), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were measured with Swan - Ganz thermodilution catheter after 5 minutes of each pacing mode. Results (1) Comparing to pacing at RVA (CI: 2. 41± 0. 38 L/min per m2, PCWP: 16. 7 ±3.3 mmHg), the CI increased and the PCWP decreased significantly in pacing at RVOT(CI: 2. 63 ± 0.46, PCWP: 13. 8±2. 3), LVB(CI: 2. 78±0.52, PCWP: 14. 4±3.1), RV-Bi(CI: 2. 83±0.57, PCWP: 12. 8± 2. 5) and Bi -Ⅴ pacing (CI: 2. 94± 0.60, PCWP: 12. 7±2. 5), P < 0. 01, respectively. (2) The CI of RV-Bi and Bi-Ⅴ pacing was higher than that of RVOT and LVB pacing, the PCWP was lower, P < 0. 05, respectively. (3) There was no significant difference between RV - Bi pacing and Bi-Ⅴ pacing in CI and PCWP. Conclusion There is no significant difference between RV - Bi pacing and Bi -V pacing in the acute hemodynamic effects; however,dual - site pacing is much better than single site pacing in that aspect for patients with cardiac function NYHA class Ⅰ to Ⅱ without BBB. Among single site pacing, the RVOT and LVB pacing is better than RVA pacing in cardiac function.

Research on A Master - slave Multi - microcomputers Control System for Hollow Spindle Fancy Yarn Spinning Machine

In this paper, a successfully studied and developed master - slave muld - microcomputers control system based on PC - BUS for hollow spindle fancy yarn spinning machine, mainly Its overall scheme, software and hardware construction, is introduced. Spinning experiments show that the system achieves satisfactory result. This system can solve the diftkultles of mechatronical fusion between domestic hollow splndk fancy yarn spuming muchine and its microcomputer control technology.

On the Representation of Multi-layer Woven Structure

A quantitative method is developed to identify the structures of multi-layer woven fabric in this study. Six structural parameters are selected to represent the fabric structure. With some design criteria for the reinforcement of textile composites, the relationships among the structural parameters are derived for different binding patterns of the fabric structure. The conditions, which meet the requirements of structural cell stability,are also discussed.

Computer-aided Pattern Design of Multi-bar Warp Knitted Fabrics

To meet the development trend of multi-bar warp knit-ting machine towards high-speed,advanced technologyand computer control and the requirements of variousproducts with small quantity,there are many researcheson the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics.In terms of the special propertiesof the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics,the Object Oriented Program(OOP)programming-Object Windows class Library(OWL)programming is selected.According to thecharacters of the OWL programming,various functionsare defined.Pattern design and technical parameters canbe output,which offers a great convenience for the fac-tory.

MODS： A Novel Metaheuristic of Deterministic Swapping for the Multi-Objective Optimization of Combinatorials Problems

This paper states a new metaheuristic based on Deterministic Finite Automata （DFA） for the multi - objective optimization of combinatorial problems. First, a new DFA named Multi - Objective Deterministic Finite Automata （MDFA） is defined. MDFA allows the representation of the feasible solutions space of combinatorial problems. Second, it is defined and implemented a metaheuritic based on MDFA theory. It is named Metaheuristic of Deterministic Swapping （MODS）. MODS is a local search strategy that works using a MDFA. Due to this, MODS never take into account unfeasible solutions. Hence, it is not necessary to verify the problem constraints for a new solution found. Lastly, MODS is tested using well know instances of the Bi-Objective Traveling Salesman Problem （TSP） from TSPLIB. Its results were compared with eight Ant Colony inspired algorithms and two Genetic algorithms taken from the specialized literature. The comparison was made using metrics such as Spacing, Generational Distance, Inverse Generational Distance and No-Dominated Generation Vectors. In every case, the MODS results on the metrics were always better and in some of those cases, the superiority was 100%.

一种融合多曝光图像的监控场景分割模型HDR-PSPNet

针对传统语义分割模型对监控场景下具有不同明亮程度图像分割效果不佳的问题,提出了一种融合多曝光图像的监控场景分割模型HDR-PSPNet.此模型通过融合多张不同曝光时间的图像实现数据增强,使用空洞卷积替代金字塔池化模块来保障特征图具有相同的分辨率,同时使用编解码结构增强图像底层特征的提取能力.通过基于自建新疆某水库监控图像数据集的实验结果可知,HDR-PSPNet相较于FCN、PSPNet和DeepLabv3,y MPA指标分别增加了5.5%,1.6%和1.0%,x MIoU指标分别增加了6.4%,2.9%和2.1%,表明其在多曝光时间图像监控场景的分割上HDR-PSPNet效果优于FCN、PSPNet和DeepLabv3网络.

Usefulness of an Anisotropic Diffusion Method in Cerebral CT Perfusion Study Using Multi-Detector Row CT

Purpose: To present an application of the anisotropic diffusion (AD) method to improve the accuracy of the functional images of perfusion parameters such as cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) generated from cerebral CT perfusion studies using multi-detector row CT (MDCT). Materials and Methods: Continuous scans (1 sec/rotation ×60 sec) consisting of four 5-mm-thick contiguous slices were acquired after an intravenous injection of iodinated contrast material in 6 patients with cerebrovascular disease using an MDCT scanner with a tube voltage of 80 kVp and a tube current of 200 mA. New image data were generated by thinning out the above original images at an interval of 2 sec or 3 sec. The thinned-out images were then interpolated by linear interpolation to generate the same number of images as originally acquired. The CBF, CBV and MTT images were generated using deconvolution analysis based on singular value decomposition. Results: When using the AD method, the correlation coefficient between the MTT values obtained from the original and thinned-out images was significantly improved. Furthermore, the coefficients of variation of the CBF, CBV and MTT values in the white matter significantly decreased as compared to not using the AD method. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the AD method is useful for improving the accuracy of the functional images of perfusion parameters and for reducing radiation exposure in cerebral CT perfusion studies using MDCT.

多耦合反馈网络的图像融合和超分辨率方法

人们在日常生活中往往需要得到高动态范围和高分辨率的图像。但由于技术设备的限制,高动态范围的图像往往通过低动态范围图像的多曝光融合(MEF)而获得,高分辨率图像往往通过低分辨率图像的超分辨率(SR)而获得。MEF和SR通常被作为两个独立的内容进行研究。为了解决当前模型不能同时实现高动态范围和高分辨率的问题,通过对现有方法进行研究,提出了一种基于多耦合反馈网络MCF-Net及其方法。模型包括:N个子网和输出模块;在方法中,将N张下采样图片I_(lr)^(i),I_(lr)^(m),I_(lr)^(-i)分别输入至N个子网,提取的低分辨率特征F_(lr)^(i),F_(lr)^(m),F_(lr)^(-i);根据低分辨率特征F_(lr)^(i),F_(lr)^(m),F_(lr)^(-i)提取对应图像的超分辨率特征G_(0)^(i),G_(0)^(m),G_(0)^(-i);得到融合高分辨率特征G_(t)^(i),G_(t)^(m),G_(t)^(-i)并输入至下个MCFB中,直至第T个MCFB得到融合高分辨率特征G_(T)^(i),G_(T)^(m),G_(T)^(-i);获取对应的融合超分辨率图像I_(t)^(i),I_(t)^(m),I_(t)^(-i);融合N个子网中第T个重建模块REC输出的I_(T)^(i),I_(T)^(m),I_(T)^(-i)得到高动态范围、超分辨率图像I_(out)。在SICE数据集上实验并验证了性能,与现有的33种方法进行对比,结果显示以下各评价指标都有明显的提高,其中结构相似性(SSIM)达到0.833 2,峰值信噪比(PSNR)达到22.07 dB,多曝光融合相似性(MEF-SSIM)达到0.937 8。

基于自适应多曝光融合的高动态范围表面测量方法

为解决结构光测量高动态范围表面物体时出现局部过度曝光或曝光不足的问题,提出一种改进的多曝光融合方法,利用自适应曝光代替手动曝光,并对图像融合过程进行优化。首先,将初始曝光时间下拍摄的图像利用直方图进行分析,将被测物体表面反射率不同的区域分为若干组,分别计算出每个组别的最佳曝光时间;在此基础上,拍摄不同组别对应最佳曝光时间下投射白光和条纹的图像,并去除图像中超过设定阈值的高灰度值区域,再将投射白光处理后的图像制作成掩模图,与相同曝光时间下投射条纹处理后的图像相乘,进而对多组相乘后的图像进行亮度压缩与融合;最后,通过CLAHE算法提高融合后所生成条纹图的对比度与清晰度,并对条纹解相后进行点云重建和尺寸测量。实验结果表明:文中方法中自适应曝光相较于手动曝光具有高效性和准确性,U型卡、连接块、圆盘三个高动态范围表面物体的点云重建率分别高达99.98%、99.74%、99.76%,测量出的标准块阶梯高度差绝对误差为0.062 mm,相对误差仅为0.69%,该方法有效解决了高动态范围表面物体测量时点云缺失的问题,提高了三维轮廓的测量精度。

长时间热暴露对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金微观组织的影响

采用透射电镜观察、能谱分析等手段,研究了经多级断续时效处理后的高纯Al-4.5Cu-0.4Mg-0.4Ag合金在不同热暴露条件下的微观组织演变。结果表明:在不施加应力条件下,晶内主要强化相Ω能够在150℃长期稳定存在,但θ′相有所长大且析出数量明显增加;提高热暴露温度至200℃,Ω相和θ′相均发生明显长大,部分Ω相向平衡相θ转变,同时晶内析出一定数量的新相σ相;在较高热暴露温度200℃施加恒应力200MPa时,将促进θ′相和尺寸较小的Ω相向晶内回溶,并加速尺寸较大Ω相的粗化。此外,平衡相S相在晶内优先析出。

多金属暴露与骨关节疾病的关联研究

目的探讨广东省居民多金属暴露与骨关节疾病的相关性。方法采用以社区为基础的横断面研究方法,从广东省11个地区招募3063名成年人,并测量了13种金属的血液浓度,以评估内暴露水平。运用多变量Logistic回归分析血液金属水平与骨关节疾病的关系。结果在单金属模型中,血铬、锌和铜浓度与骨关节疾病风险呈现显著剂量反应关系(All P_(-trend)≤0.05)。进一步通过多金属模型发现,与血铜和锌浓度处于低水平组(Q1)人群相比,最高水平组(Q4)血铜、锌浓度与骨关节疾病有关(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.53~0.93;OR=1.38,95%CI:1.07~1.34)。结论人群暴露环境铜和锌与骨关节疾病有关,研究结果需要在更大的人群研究中验证。

动态场景下深度自监督多曝光图像融合方法

近年来,面向动态场景的多曝光图像融合技术取得重大进展.其中,基于深度学习的方法在视觉效果和运算效率上都远超传统算法,成为高动态范围成像技术的主流.然而,现有基于深度学习的融合方法都以有监督学习的方式实现,过度依赖真值图像,难以被广泛应用于实际场景中.本文提出了一个基于深度自监督学习的动态多曝光图像融合网络,主要贡献包括:设计自监督的动态多曝光融合网络框架,探索高动态范围图像与低动态范围图像序列的内在关联;提出基于注意力机制的全局去伪影模块,使用全局文本模块减少动态融合产生的运动伪影,增强图像细节;提出融合重建模块,通过残差和稠密连接实现多层次特征之间的信息流动;设计运动掩膜引导的自监督损失函数,用于网络的高效训练.实验表明,与现有方法相比,本文提出的方法在高动态范围图像重建的主观和客观质量上均表现较好,运算效率显著提升.

不同暴露时间下煤系土性能劣变规律的多尺度试验研究

为了探明煤系土开挖暴露后性能的劣化情况,借助特殊的制样方法,以多尺度试验结果揭示了煤系土随不同暴露时间其矿物质成分、微细结构和物理性质指标变化规律,并给出敏感性指标随暴露时间劣变的表达式.研究结果表明:煤系土暴露后成岩矿物含量降低,黏土矿物含量升高.随暴露时间增加,煤系土微细结构特征参数中,颗粒圆度降低,颗粒定向度增大,孔隙度和孔隙分布分维数增大,欧拉数减小,且均存在渐近线.敏感性物理指标中,黏粒含量增大,不均匀系数减小,塑性指数增大,且塑限存在“假塑性现象”,其变化规律均可用指数形式曲线描述.

基于密集连接编解码网络的HDR重建算法

针对动态场景下高动态范围(High Dynamic Range,HDR)重建会出现伪影现象的问题,提出一种基于密集连接编解码网络的HDR重建算法。该算法基于通道和空间维度的注意力机制模块,根据注意力特征图引导并提取不同曝光低动态范围图像相对应的图像特征,自动抑制由失准和过饱和引起的不期望分量,增强非参考图像中所期望的精细细节。通过密集连接编解码网络模块,在编码部分逐步提取特征图的多层次细节,并利用密集连接增强信息交互,使用解码器还原图像细节特征,最终生成少伪影、高质量的高动态范围图像。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效减弱伪影现象,得到细节丰富的高动态范围图像。

基于局部细节增强的快速多曝光图像融合算法

当前基于细节增强机制的多曝光图像融合方法效率较低,针对此问题,提出一种基于局部细节增强的快速多曝光图像融合算法。首先,改进每幅图像待增强区域的划定方法;然后,采用快速局部拉普拉斯滤波(FLLF)提取待增强区域的细节信息,并根据采样插值原理对增强过程进行优化加速,减少计算局部拉普拉斯金字塔系数时的采样次数,避免细节过度增强的同时,进一步提高融合效率。对40组多曝光序列的融合质量和平均运行时间进行测试,并与5种代表性算法进行对比实验。结果表明,算法不仅保持超亮超暗区域的细节信息,而且视觉效果更加自然。算法的两种客观质量指标MEF-SSIM值和Q CB分别为0.942和0.441,在6种算法中分别排名第2和第1;运行时间比基于原始分辨率空间运算的最快方法Li2020减少了46.2%,具有较高的运行效率。