Application of the Multi-Electrode in the Degradation of Alizarin Red Induced by Glow Discharge Plasma

This paper presents a novel set-up to be used in the degradation of dye, Various influencing factors, such as the voltage, the number of the anodes, and the catalytic action of Fe^2＋, were examined. Chemical oxygen demand （COD）, ultraviolet （UV）, FTIR absorption spectra, and atomic force microscopy （AFM） were used to monitor the degradation process. The results showed that the efficiency of degradation is raised by increasing the applied voltage, and is further improved when two or three anodes are used. Moreover, the use of Fe^2＋ ion can promote the degradation reaction and shorten the degradation time. So the multi-electrode instrument is more efficient in degrading the dye and should be further studied.

Efficacy and safety of a novel multi-electrode radiofrequency ablation catheter for renal sympathetic denervation in pigs

ObjectiveTo 调查一根自我开发的新奇多电极 radiofrequency 脱离导管(火花) 的安全和功效因为 14 头试验性的缩小的猪全部的基于导管的肾的 denervation (RDN ).MethodsA 随机被划分成四个组(55 &#x000b0； &#x00026；5 瓦特， 55 &#x000b0； &#x00026；8 瓦特， 65 &#x000b0； &#x00026；5 瓦特，和 65 &#x000b0；&#x00026；8 瓦特组) 。火花被用于左和恰好肾的动脉 radiofrequency 脱离。象肾的动脉X线摄影法一样从肾的动脉和静脉收集的血样品以前在所有动物上被执行，立即在以后，并且在过程到以后的三个月评估血浆高血压蛋白原酶的火花 on the levels 的效果，醛固酮，血管收缩素我，并且象肾的 arteries.ResultsOne 猪的病理学的变化一样的血管收缩素 II 死于一个麻药事故， 13 头猪成功地经历了双边的肾的动脉脱离。与基本大小相比，在所有四个组的猪显著地减少了在过程以后的吝啬的动脉的压力。组织病理学说的分析证明这个过程能导致内层的增生，在象在 perineurium 的煽动性的细胞渗入和纤维变性那样的肾的动脉的重要外部同情的神经损坏，神经纤维的不平的分发，织物坏死，严重 vacuolization ，碎裂并且不清楚的 nucleoli 髓磷脂退化，稀少的轴突，并且连续性的打断。另外，肾的动脉 radiofrequency 脱离能显著地减少血浆高血压蛋白原酶的层次，醛固酮，血管收缩素我，和在 pigs.ConclusionsThe 结果的血管收缩素 II 建议那基于导管的 radiofrequency 脱离能有效地移开的这类多电极外部肾的同情的神经和还原剂在猪的全身的高血压蛋白原酶血管收缩素系统的活动，因此在猪便于全身的血压的控制。

Polyaniline and multi-walled carbon nanotube composite electrode for rechargeable battery

The multi-walled carbon nanotube was introduced into the polymer matrix (PANI) to improve the electric conductivity as well as mechanical properties of the original polymer matrix.PANI/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites were synthesized via ex-situ and in-situ polymerization to improve their electrical property.And the DC conductivities of PANI/MWCNT according to content and diameter of MWCNT were measured by four-point probe.The highest electric conductivity of PANI/MWCNT composite is 20 S/cm when 0.3% (mass fraction) MWCNTs with 10 nm in diameter and 15 μm in length are added in composite.

Efficient direction-independent fog harvesting using a corona discharge device with a multi-electrode structure

Efflcient collection of water from fog can effectively alleviate the problem of water shortages in foggy but water-scarce areas,such as deserts,islands and so on.Unlike inefflcient fog meshes,corona discharge can charge water droplets and further enhance the water-collecting effect.This study proposes a novel multi-electrode collecting structure that can achieve efflcient and direction-independent water collection from fog.The multi-electrode structure consists of three parts:a charging electrode,an intercepting electrode and a ground electrode.Four types of watercollecting structures are compared experimentally,and the collection rates from a traditional fog mesh,a wire-mesh electrode with fog coming from a high-voltage electrode,a wire-mesh electrode with fog coming from a ground electrode and a multi-electrode structure are 2–3 g h^(-1),100–120 g h^(-1),60–80 g h^(-1)and 200–220 g h^(-1),respectively.The collection rate of the multielectrode structure is 100–150 times that of a traditional fog mesh and 2–4 times that of a wiremesh electrode.These results demonstrate the superiority of the multi-electrode structure in fog collection.In addition,the motion equation of charged droplets in an electric fleld is also derived,and the optimization strategy of electrode spacing is also discussed.This structure can be applied not only to fog collection,but also to air puriflcation,factory waste gas treatment and other flelds.

Characteristics of the Large Area Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge with a Multi-electrode Configuration

Surface gas discharge(SGD)plasmas have potential applications in the fields of active flow control,gas purification,heat transfer enhancement,etc.In order to obtain a uniform,stable and large-area SGD at atmosphere,a multi-electrode SGD plasma generator is designed in this paper.The major features of this newly-designed SGD plasma generator is as follows:the air-exposed upper grounded electrodes are made of nine tungsten wires and flush mounted on the dielectric PTFE barrier layer,while the lower powered electrode is made of a copper foil and encapsulated inside the PTFE material to avoid the ignition of the gas discharges below the dielectric barrier layer.The measurements on the electrical characteristics,fast imaging of discharges and the preliminary numerical analysis on the electric field distributions suggest that the multi-electrode configuration of the plasma generator plays a crucial role in enhancing the local electrical field,and subsequently,leads to the stable,quasi-uniform and large-area surface discharges.

Determination of 6-Mercaptopurine in Rat Blood by Microdialysis Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography on a Functionalized Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes Modified Electrode

A new chemically modified electrode(CME) immobilized on the surface of multi-wall carbon nanotubes functionalized with carboxylic groups was fabricated. The results indicate that the CME exhibits efficiently electrocatalytic oxidation of 6-mercaptopurine(6-MP). The CME can be used as the working electrode in the liquid chromatography for the determination of 6-MP. The peak current of 6-MP is linearly changed with its concentration ranging from 4.0×10 -7 to 1.0×10 -4 mol/L with the calculated detection limit (S/N=3) of 2.0×10 -7 mol/L. Coupled with microdialysis sampling, the method has been successfully applied to assessing the content of 6-MP in rat blood.

Glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes sensor for the quantihication of antihistamine drug pheniramine in solubilized systems

A sensitive electroanalytical method for quantification of pheniramine in pharmaceutical formulation has been investigated on the basis of the enhanced electrochemical response at glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of sodium lauryl sulfate.The experimental results suggest that the phcniramine in anionic surfactant solution exhibits electrocatalytic effect resulting in a marked enhancement of the peak current response.Peak current response is linearly dependent on the concentration of pheniramine in the range 200-1500 μg/mL with correlation coefficient 0.9987.The limit of detection is 58.31 μg/m L.The modified electrode shows good sensitivity and repeatability.

A New Dual-electrode and Multi-channel Electrochemical Detection System for Capillary Electrophoresis

A new type of dual-electrode and multi-channel electrochemical detection technology for capillary electrophoresis is described in this paper. Two detectors(the amperometric detector and the conductometric detector) or two conductometric detectors are connected to the same capillary electrophoresis system. The whole system possesses the advantages of the two electrochemical detectors including sparing time, improving the analytical speed and expanding the sample range. The working electrode and detector cell are handled easily. The system was applied to sample detection with satisfactory results.

Study on the Multi-Sensing System Based on the Tin Oxide pH Electrode

In this study,the multi-sensing system based on the tin oxide pH electrode for the ion-determination was presented. With the advantages of the real-time supervisory control apparatus,the measured values could be displayed on the liquid crystal display (LCD) immediately.In this study,the basic sensor was the tin oxide pH electrode,which was fabricated by radio frequency (r.f.) sputtering system on the indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrate.Moreover,the major blocks of the system consist of the tin oxide electrode-based ion selective electrodes (ISEs),an analog front-ended readout circuit,a microcontroller with built-in analog to digital (A/D) converter.In addition,by the embedded system design,the measurement results can be transmitted to a portable system or computer through the Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) interface immediately.According to the experimental results,the multi-sensing system has high performance and reliability for pH,K^+,and Na^+ detection.

Simultaneous Measurement of Neural Activities of Acute Mouse Hippocampal Slices Using Multi-Electrode Array System and Laser Confocal Calcium Imaging

Recently, non-invasive, real-time and multi-point measurement of neural activities has become possible by using a multi-electrode array (MEA). Another method for multi-point measurement is the fluorescent imaging technique using voltage indicator dyes or calcium indicator dyes. Especially, calcium imaging using fluorescent calcium indicator dyes is often more useful, because they exhibit larger changes in the fluorescence intensity than voltage indicator dyes and their fluorescence changes can be detect easily. Additionally, calcium signals play key roles in the brain function, such as the long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus, and calcium imaging can be a powerful tool to elucidate the brain function. In this study, we constructed a measurement apparatus combining the MEA system and laser confocal calcium imaging and simultaneously measured electric signals and calcium signals in acute mouse hippocampal slices. The obtained results showed the availability of the present method.

Numerical simulation research on multi-electrodes resistivity imaging survey array

Multi-electrodes Resistivity Imaging Survey(MRIS)is an array method of electrical survey.In practice how to choose a reasonable array is the key to get reliable survey results.Based on four methods of MRIS such as Wenner,Schlumberger,Pole-pole and Dipole-dipole the authors established the model,by studying the result of the forward numerical simulation modeling and inverse modeling,and analyzed the differences among the different forms of detection devices.

Sucrose pyrolysis assembling carbon nanotubes on graphite felt using for vanadium redox flow battery positive electrode

In the present paper, multi-walled carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs） are successfully assembled on graphite felt（GF） using sucrose pyrolysis method for the first time. The in situ formed pyrolytic carbon is chosen as the binder because it is essentially carbon materials as well as CNTs and GF which has a natural tendency to achieve high bonding strength and low contact resistance. The MWCNTs/GF electrode is demonstrated to increase surface area, reduce polarization, lower charge transfer resistance and improve energy conversion efficiency comparing with GF. This excellent electrochemical performance is mainly ascribed to the high electro-catalytic activity of MWCNTs and increasing surface area.

Improved Electrochemical Performance of Surface-Modified Metal Hydride Electrodes

A novel plating process was applied to the surface modification of the metal hydride （MH） electrode of the MH/Ni batteries. The electrode was plated with a thin nickel film about 0.1 μm thick by using multi-arc ion plating technique. The X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） were used to analyze the electrodes. Influence of the surface modification on the performance of the MH/Ni batteries was studied. It is shown that the surface modification could enhance the electrode eondue tivity and decrease the batteries ohimie resistance by 28.2 %. After surface modification, the discharge capacity of the batteries at 5C （8.5 A） is increased by 212 mA· h and discharge voltage is increased by 0.09 V. The surface modification also improves the cyclic durability of the batteries. The inner pressure of the batteries with modified electrode during overcharging is much lower than that with unmodified electrode. The experimental results demonstrate that this process is an effective way for the surface modification of the electrode of MH/Ni batteries.

基于2.5D有限元的高密度电法不同装置勘探效果研究

高密度电法是一种适用性广泛的电阻率勘探方法,拥有多种电极排列装置选择。不同装置由于电极分布方式的差异,在针对不同地质目标和测区环境时往往表现出明显不同的探测能力。为探究各排列装置的特点及其适用情况,推导了2.5D电位的变分问题,采用Delaunay三角化算法实现了非结构化网格剖分,进而实现了有限元正演模拟。结合实践,对常见地质情况进行建模,分别使用温纳α、温纳β、施伦贝谢尔、偶极-偶极4种装置开展正反演对比研究。研究发现:(1)在探测未知区域单个异常体时,温纳β、施伦贝谢尔2种排列的效果更好;(2)在探测相邻较近的多个异常体时,应优先采用具有更高水平分辨率的施伦贝谢尔和偶极-偶极排列;(3)对于低阻破碎带的勘探,温纳β和偶极-偶极排列更为适用;(4)当地层具有较好分层界限时,4种排列均可体现良好的分层效果。因此,高密度电法勘探实践中应综合考虑不同排列装置的特点,根据具体情况选用合适的多种排列方式进行测量,并对采集数据进行综合对比分析,以获得更为准确的解释结果。

水下多针电极微秒脉冲流光放电特性

多针电极结构是实现大体积水下放电的基础性电极结构,研究其放电基本特性对其他大体积水下放电电极结构的设计具有重要参考意义.本文构建了一个可安装21根针的多针电极,利用四分幅超高速相机研究了单个脉冲放电过程中可能放电的针电极数目以及电极阵列边缘和内侧针电极放电形态的差异;采用COMSOL软件模拟计算了多针电极结构的电场分布,讨论了电场分布对多针电极放电的影响,研究了多针电极结构的放电能量效率.结果发现:在单个脉冲放电过程中,21根针电极不是同时发生放电的,最大放电针电极数目随电压和针针间距的增大而增加.在同一个脉冲放电过程中,位于电极阵列边缘的针电极相比于位于阵列内侧的针电极产生的流光丝较长且偏离针电极轴线的偏角相对较大,这主要是针电极之间电场相互叠加干扰引起的.针针间距越小,针电极之间电场的相互叠加干扰越大,阵列边缘与内侧电极放电形态的差异越大,放电能量效率越低.

多电极射频美容仪的温度场仿真实验研究

射频美容仪是国内家用美容仪市场中很受欢迎的保健产品。然而,市面上的射频美容仪产品质量参差不齐,相关参数也缺乏统一的标准规范。该研究基于有限元仿真方法和COMSOL仿真软件,构建了具有隔膜的三维皮肤模型,仿真分析、研究了不同射频美容仪的射频电压有效值、射频频率、电极高度、电极直径、电极间距、电极数量及排布等参数条件对皮肤及皮下组织温度场分布的影响,并进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明:提高电压有效值或射频频率能提高模型温度场的最大值;提高电极高度相比紧贴皮肤会降低温度场最大值并使射频美容仪下的温度分布更加均匀;增加电极直径或缩小电极间距能提高电极间的温度;不同的正负极数量会使热量集中在数量较少的电极下方。最后,该研究还完成了温度场分布随时间的实验测量及与仿真结果的比较分析。该研究较为系统、全面地仿真探讨了射频美容仪产品的各项参数条件变化对皮肤温度分布的影响规律,为溶脂技术的安全与疗效提供参考,也为射频美容仪的临床应用及产业化提供参考。

基于地球物理方法的典型DNAPLs污染场地精细化调查

采用高密度电阻率(ERT)和探地雷达(GPR)两种地球物理方法,结合膜界面探测(MIP)和钻孔采样分析手段,综合研究某典型有机污染场地地下水中DNAPLs污染分布情况。结果表明,ERT法和GPR法圈定的场地污染范围基本吻合,DNAPLs污染物主要分布在研究区东北和西南区域,污染深度分别达到4 m和9 m,视电阻率为0.3Ω·m~5Ω·m,呈带状低阻分布,MIP和钻孔采样分析结果也验证了地球物理方法的准确性。

基于多参数频谱特征的机翼薄冰识别方法研究

机翼结冰是影响飞机飞行安全的重大隐患。针对现有机翼薄冰探测方法存在的外形、精度、抗环境干扰方面的不足,设计了一种适用于机翼薄冰识别探测的平面电极,搭建制备不同冰型的实验平台,采集薄冰阻抗、电容、传输系数的频扫数据。定量分析频谱曲线形态,建立基于支持向量机的冰型分类与明冰厚度回归模型。通过变温实验对各参数的温度漂移进行分析并建立温度补偿方法,同时对机翼翼面可能存在的残留物对薄冰识别的影响进行了研究实验,结果证明所提方法能够实现0.2 mm~2.5 mm厚度范围内薄冰的识别和探测,且不受常见干扰物的影响。

多壁碳纳米管/PEDOT复合修饰电极的制备及对苯二酚的测定

采用循环伏安法和悬凃法,在玻碳电极表面进行聚(3,4)-乙撑二氧噻吩(PEDOT)和多壁碳纳米管修饰,制备多壁碳纳米管-聚(3,4)-乙撑二氧噻吩复合修饰电极。通过扫描电镜观察复合电极的表面形貌,通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和循环伏安(CV)对复合电极进行电化学表征,用差分脉冲法(DPV)研究对苯二酚浓度与峰电流之间的线性关系。实验结果表明,制备的复合修饰电极对对苯二酚有明显的电催化作用,氧化还原峰电流明显增大;在p H为7.0的磷酸缓冲液(PBS)里,对苯二酚的峰电流最大。在1×10^(-5)~5×10^(-4)mol/L对苯二酚的浓度范围内,复合修饰电极的氧化峰电流值与浓度呈线性关系,其线性方程为y=47.95+0.0979x,R2=0.961,检出限为1.9×10^(-6)mol/L。制备的复合修饰电极能够增强电化学信号,具有较好的稳定性。