Application of single balloon enteroscopy-assisted therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients after bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis: Experience of multi-disciplinary collaboration

BACKGROUND Bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis is one of the most complicated approaches for reconstructing the gastrointestinal tract, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is technically challenging in patients after bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis. The optimal endoscopic strategies for such cases remain unknown. AIM To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of single balloon enteroscopy-assisted (SBE-assisted) therapeutic ERCP in patients after bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis based on multi-disciplinary collaboration between endoscopists and surgeons as well as report the experience from China. METHODS This is a single center retrospective study. All of the SBE-assisted therapeutic ERCP procedures were performed by the collaboration between endoscopists and surgeons. The operation time, success rate, and complication rate were calculated. RESULTS Forty-six patients received a total of 64 SBE-assisted therapeutic ERCP procedures, with successful scope intubation in 60 (93.8%) cases and successful diagnosis in 59 (92.2%). All successfully diagnosed cases received successful therapy. None of the cases had perforation or bleeding during or after operation, and no post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred. CONCLUSION Based on multi-disciplinary collaboration, SBE-assisted therapeutic ERCP in patients after bilioenteric Roux-en-Y anastomosis is relatively safe and effective and has a high success rate.

Hierarchical Restriction and Reduction of Overcriminalization of Teachers’Disciplinary Behaviors

The right to education is an important part of basic human rights. To transform from a designed vision to a reality in practice, teachers’ right to discipline, as a component of the right to education, needs tangible support from the criminal law. The criminal law cannot be absent from promoting the rule of law in education. However, in practice, teachers’ disciplinary behaviors are often ex-cessively criminalized, leading to problems such as over-expanding punishment and harming the innocent and even the malaise that en-danger substantive justice such as the tarnishing of teachers’ disci-plinary right and the imbalance of teachers’ disciplinary behaviors. Such overcriminalization has its social causes and normative crux, which is the ambiguity of regulations of teachers’ disciplinary right in terms of the pre-existing law and the unclear positioning of the jus-tification of teachers’ disciplinary behaviors in terms of the criminal law. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a dual clarification of the chaotic parts of the two laws and determine the corresponding guiding principles, and test them one by one through the hierarchical theory of crime to make the path of exculpation clear. At the level of constituent elements, the exculpation is achieved through the normative judgment of the constituent elements;At the level of illegality, the exculpation is achieved by virtue of substantive considerations of reasons such as le-gal acts, legitimate defense, and victims’ commitments;At the level of accountability, the exculpation is achieved through the value screening of the culpability paradigm. We should reverse the trend of overcrim-inalization of teachers’ disciplinary behaviors by clearing the way of exculpation.

面向动目标围捕的Multi-UUV编队协调控制研究

针对动目标围捕过程对Multi-UUV编队结构的灵活性要求较高的问题,基于欠驱动UUV的数学模型,在目标轨迹能够准确预测的前提下,改进了协调编队运动控制器。协调编队运动控制器的控制目标是在Multi-UUV编队跟踪并围捕动目标过程中,避免Multi-UUV之间,UUV与障碍物以及UUV与动目标之间的碰撞并以稳定的编队结构围捕动目标。将控制器设计过程分解为运动学控制和动力学控制。在运动学控制部分,实现动目标跟踪、UUV之间避撞及UUV偏航角误差为零的控制目标。在动力学控制部分,应用反步法设计实际的控制输入。仿真案例验证了协调运动控制器在动目标围捕中的有效性。

An analysis of the divergent opinions on the disciplinary orientation of Business English

Starting with the introduction of current development of Business English in China, the paper points out the problems existing in the disciplinary orientation of Business English. On the basis of discussing the decisive factors in the disciplinary orientation of Business English, the paper concludes that Business English is an interdisciplinary subject which has practical applications, and Business English should take linguistics and economics as its theoretical basis.

Transforming Multidisciplinary Customer Requirements to Product Design Specifications

With the increasing of complexity of complex mechatronic products, it is necessary to involve multidis- ciplinary design teams, thus, the traditional customer requirements modeling for a single discipline team becomes difficult to be applied in a multidisciplinary team and project since team members with various disciplinary backgrounds may have different interpretations of the customers＇ requirements. A new synthesized multidisci- plinary customer requirements modeling method is pro- vided for obtaining and describing the common understanding of customer requirements （CRs） and more importantly transferring them into a detailed and accurate product design specifications （PDS） to interact with dif- ferent team members effectively. A case study of designing a high speed train verifies the rationality and feasibility of the proposed multidisciplinary requirement modeling method for complex mechatronic product development. This proposed research offersthe instruction to realize the customer-driven personalized customization of complex mechatronic product.

A Comparison of Citation Disciplinary Structure in Science between the G7 Countries and the BRICS Countries

Purpose： This study aims to compare the characteristics of citation disciplinary structure between the G7 countries and the BRICS countries.Design/Methodology/Approach： In this contribution, which uses about 1 million Web of Science publications and two publications years（1993 and 2013）, we compare the G7 countries and the BRICS countries with regard to this type of structure. For the publication year 2013, cosine similarity values regarding the citation disciplinary structures of these countries（and of nine other countries） were used as input to cluster analysis. We also obtained cosine similarity values for a given country and its citation disciplinary structures across the two publication years. Moreover, for the publication year 2013, the within-country JeffreysMatusita distance between publication and citation disciplinary structure was measured. Research limitations： First, the citation disciplinary structures of countries depend on multiple and complex factors. It is therefore difficult to completely explain the formation and change of the citation disciplinary structure of a country. This study suggests some possible causes, whereas detailed explanations might be given by future research. Second, the length of the citation window used in this study is three years. However, scientific disciplines differ in their citation practices. Comparison between citations across disciplines using the same citation window length may affect the citation discipline structure results for some countries.Practical limitations： First, the results of this study are based on the WoS database. However, in this database some fields are covered to a greater extent than others, which may affect the results for the citation discipline structure for some studied countries. In future research, we might repeat this study using another database（like Scopus） and, in that case, we would like to make comparisons between the two outcomes. Second, the use of a constant journal setyielded that a large share of the journals covered by WoS year 2013 is ignored in the study. Thus, disciplinary structure is studied based on a quite restricted set of publications. The three mentioned limitations should be kept in mind when the results of this study are interpreted.Originality/value： Disciplinary structure on country level is a highlighted topic for the S＆T policy makers, especially for those come from developing countries. This study observes the disciplinary structure in the view of academic impact, and the result will provide some evidence to make decision for the discipline strategy and funding allocation. Besides, JeffreysMatusita distance is introduced to measure the similarity of citation disciplinary structure and publication disciplinary structure. By applying this measure, some new observations were drawn, for example, ＂Based on the comparison of publication disciplinary structure and citation disciplinary structure, the paper finds most BRICS counties have less impact with more publications＂.Findings： The outcome of the cluster analysis indicates that the G7 countries and BRICS countries are quite heterogeneous regarding their citation disciplinary structure. For a majority of the G7 countries, the citation disciplinary structure tend to be more stable compared to BRICS countries with regard to the years 1993 and 2013. Most G7 countries, with United States as an exception, turned out to have lower values on the Jeffreys-Matusita distance than BRICS countries, indicating a higher degree of heterogeneity between the publication and the citation disciplinary structure for the latter countries. In other words, BRICS countries still receive much less citations in most disciplines than their publication output would suggest. G7 countries can still expect more citations than is to be expected based on their publication output, thereby generating relatively more impact than BRICS countries.

Insight into the Disciplinary Structure of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Purpose： This paper aims to gain an insight into the disciplinary structure of nanoscience ＆ nanotechnology （N＆N）： What is the disciplinary network of N＆N like？ Which disciplines are being integrated into N＆N over time？ For a specific discipline, how many other disciplines have direct or indirect connections with it？ What are the distinct subgroups of N＆N at different evolutionary stages？ Such critical issues are to be addressed in this paper. Design/methodology/approach： We map the disciplinary network structure of N＆N by employing the social network analysis tool, Netdraw, identifying which Web of Science Categories （WCs） mediate nbetweenness centrality in different stages of nano development. Cliques analysis embedded in the Ucinet program is applied to do the disciplinary cluster analysis in the study according to the path of ＂Network-Subgroup-Cliques,＂ and a tree diagram is selected as the visualizing type. Findings： The disciplinary network structure reveals the relationships among different disciplines in the N＆N developing process clearly, and it is easy for us to identify which disciplines are connected with the core ＂N＆N＂ directly or indirectly. The tree diagram showing N＆N related disciplines provides an interesting perspective on nano research and development （R＆D） structure. Research limitations： The matrices used to draw the N＆N disciplinary network are the original ones, and normalized matrix could be tried in future similar studies. Practical implications： Results in this paper can help us better understand the disciplinary structure of N＆N, and the dynamic evolution of N＆N related disciplines over time. The findings could benefit R＆D decision making. It can support policy makers from government agencies engaging in science and technology （S＆T） management or S＆T strategy planners to formulate efficient decisions according to a perspective of converging sciences and technologies. Originality/value： The novelty of this study lies in mapping the disciplinary network structure of N＆N clearly, identifying which WCs have a mediating effect in different developmental stages （especially analyzing clusters among disciplines related to N＆N, revealing close or distant relationships among distinct areas pertinent to N＆N）.

Application of the Modality of Multiple Disciplinary Team for a Perioperative Patient with Suspected Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia and Cervical Spine Fracture in Nursing

With the explosive spread of novel coronavirus pneumonia, a major public major public health emergency has been declared around the world. Our country has come to a crucial stage of “external defense input, internal defense rebound” and strict quarantine measures are taken in all ports of entry throughout the country. Operations on patients with cervical spine during the quarantine, which not only increases the risk of surgical treatment, but also increases the difficulty of perioperative nursing. The objective is to explore the result of application of the modality of multiple disciplinary team for a perioperative patient with suspected novel coronavirus pneumonia and cervical spine fracture in nursing. The patient’s condition and nursing measures are studied and discussed from various specialist angle through the multidisciplinary team established by the isolation ward, orthopedics department, emergency department, anesthesiology department, operating room, rehabilitation department, psychology department and so on, and the overall and personalized surgical and nursing planning is formed through interdisciplinary advice. The nursing experience is summarized in this paper.

Multi-ACO Application in Routing and Scheduling Optimization of Maintenance Fleet (RSOMF) Based on Conditions for Offshore Wind Farms

Reducing the operation and maintenance (O & M) cost is one of the potential actions that could reduce the cost of energy produced by offshore wind farms. This article attempts to reduce O & M cost by improving the utilization of the maintenance resources, specifically the efficient scheduling and routing of the maintenance fleet. Scheduling and routing of maintenance fleet is a non-linear optimization problem with high complexity and a number of constraints. A heuristic algorithm, Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), was modified as Multi-ACO to be used to find the optimal scheduling and routing of maintenance fleet. The numerical studies showed that the proposed methodology was effective and robust enough to find the optimal solution even if the number of offshore wind turbine increases. The suggested approaches are helpful to avoid a time-consuming process of manually planning the scheduling and routing with a presumably suboptimal outcome.

Multiple disciplinary team management of rare primary splenic malignancy:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Malignant splenic tumors are rare but fatal,presenting a challenge in diagnosis and management involving hematology,oncology,and general surgery.By contrast,diagnosing and treating other common malignant tumors(such as lung and gastrointestinal cancer)offers multiple strategies for chemotherapy,radiotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy with the prospect of a cure.With various specialists involved in clinical multiple disciplinary team(MDT)discussion,personal bias can be minimized.It can also ignite important discussion which can benefit not only one patient but many patients.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report on the MDT diagnosis and management of the malignant splenic tumors littoral cell angiosarcoma and histiocytic sarcoma.Although only two cases of rare primary splenic malignancy are presented,MDT is a novel means of rare disease treatment.CONCLUSION To benefit patients,imaging analysis,safe operation,precise pathology examination,and individualized therapeutic treatment strategies are required.The involvement of various specialists in a clinical MDT discussion minimizes personal bias and can create important ideas to benefit all patients.

Disciplinary System of Scientific Research on Geoparks and the Prospects

A geopark is a scientific theme park with the main body of geoheritage and is usually of significance of scientific research.Scientific research on geoparks may provide a sound basis for geoheritage conservation; enhance the scientificity of geoscience popularization and interpretation.In turn,it can promote the development of geosciences,technologies and other related disciplines.The purpose of this study is to define the concept of scientific

The Medical Care of Multiple Disciplinary Team Reduces the Risks of Complications in Patients after Arteriovenous Fistula Operation

Introduction: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) operation is recognized a gold standard of hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease. Because various complications may occur during perioperative period, medical care plays an important role in improving the possibility of AVF operation. The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the mode of multiple disciplinary team (MDT) medical care on the patients with end-stage renal disease treated by arteriovenous fistula (AVF) operation. Method: 98 patients with end-stage renal disease under the AVF operation were divided into observation group and control group. The control group was performed with regular medical care and for the observation group was treated under the mode of MDT medical care. Complications after operation, hospitalized time and medical satisfaction were comprehensively compared between the both groups. Results: The overall complications including swelling, bleeding, infection and thrombosis in observation group accounted for 5%, however, 19% of patients suffered different complications in the control group. The total complications significantly decreased in the observation group compared with control group (P < 0.001). The hospitalization time was shortened to 9.8 ± 5.6 days in the observation group, and the average hospitalization in control group was 17.8 ± 8.9 days. The medical satisfaction was increased by 20.83 percent in the observation group compared with the control group (P < 0.001). 75% patients in control group were satisfied with medical care, and 98.53% patients were satisfied for observation group. Conclusion: The mode of MDT medical care was beneficial for patients with end-stage renal disease after AVF operation, which could significantly reduce complications, hospitalized time and improve patients’ degree of satisfaction. Thus, it should be recommended in the clinical work.

核心素养导向的学科实践:内在逻辑与学习进程

学科实践是核心素养导向下的学科学习新形态,指向学生应对复杂问题情境的胜任力与协作交往的道德力的培育。学科实践包含人类实践、专业实践和个体实践,其紧紧围绕着学科知识与学科实践、学科观念与学科实践的互通关系而展开,知识在人类实践中产生又在指导和规约实践中得以发展,个体观念则在经历学科知识生产和发展的思维过程和实践过程中得以建构,再应用于实际问题解决以发展学生的学科理解力与学科实践力。学科实践以感性实践为起点,在复杂问题解决学习中通过理性实践与协作探究深化知识理解,并在知行循环中实现知识迁移与知识应用。让学科实践在学校教育中得以真正落实,需明确“学用合一”的学习理念,以“学科心理”来融通系列学习活动,厘清进阶性学科问题与问题链的现实路径,并致力构建意义协商的学习共同体。

Influencing program satisfaction for undergraduate students in STEM areas: The impact of interdisciplinary features, disciplinary connectedness, faculty support, and examination difficulty

Ensuring program satisfaction for undergraduate students in the areas of science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)matters in student retention and education quality improvement.This study explores how four rarely examined variables support from faculty members,interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses,disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses,and examination difficulty impact Chinese STEM undergraduates’program satisfaction.With data from 619 Chinese STEM undergraduates,structural equation modeling shows that course satisfaction partially mediates the impact of support from faculty members on program satisfaction,while fully mediating that of interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses and disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses on program satisfaction.Examination difficulty exerts no significant impact on program satisfaction neither directly nor indirectly.Support from faculty members impact course satisfaction significantly stronger for junior and senior students than for freshmen and sophomores,while interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses impact course satisfaction stronger for freshmen and sophomores than for juniors and seniors.The study ends with practical implications for the higher education reform in relevant areas.

The general surgeon in inter-disciplinary gynaecological cancer care

Gynaecological cancers pose a significant cancer burden globally. In 2008 cancers of the cervix, uterus and ovaries accounted for 529000(4.2%), 287000(2.3%) and 225000(1.8%) cancers, respectively, and together were responsible for 486400 deaths. Inter-disciplinary gynaecological care is an emerging concept aimed at providing more effective care by integrating different disciplines into a team working together to perform the various aspects of management at one time. This model has both advantages and potential shortcomings. In advanced healthcare systems there appears to be little role for the general surgeon. However in developing world, the general surgeon has a valuable, but complementary role in inter-disciplinary gynaecological cancer care. This role depends on the available workforce and includes, but is not limited to, the establishment of a diagnosis and treatment, including the management of complications. There is however little evidence-based research to provide guidance on the general surgeon's role in inter-disciplinary gynecologic cancer care and more research is needed.

Decolonizing Geography and Access to Powerful Disciplinary Knowledge

Article history Received:6 June 2019 Accepted:8 October 2019 Published Online:30 November 2019 This article engages with and aims to advance the debate about Decolonizing geography,examining its approach to knowledge and its implications for the discipline.Decolonizers draw heavily upon social constructivist and historically-rooted notions of knowledge which emphasize its embeddedness in power relations.While shedding light on the social and political conditions under which knowledge is produced is valuable,its context-dependent view of knowledge limits its scope to account for disciplinary knowledge.Taking a particularistic epistemology which conflates knowledge with experience is insufficient to explain the historical evolution of theoretical and disciplinary frameworks.Denying the potential for and even the desirability of context-independent(theoretical)knowledge Decolonizing geography can be read as post-disciplinary and post-universal,potentially denying that geography can offer all students,regardless of their background,access to powerful knowledge and insights.Here,social realism is proposed as an alternative approach to knowledge which accounts for both the social context of knowledge production and its distinctive epistemic qualities.An epistemological framework for geography is examined which demonstrates the relationship between propositional(conceptual),contextual and procedural knowledge,and why all three are essential for the student of geography。

略论自然地理与人文地理的融合发展

21世纪以来,中国地理学者发表的论文数量呈几何级数增长,但社会影响力并未随之高涨。相反,在面对重大科学问题和社会发展问题时,地理学家的声音日趋微弱。出现这一现象的一个重要原因是:以论文和纵向研究项目数量为导向的学术评价体系严重阻碍了中国地理学的融合发展,使得地理学者——尤其是年轻一代学者——在远离地理学主干的细枝末节上越走越远,逐渐淡忘了地理学解决重要问题时所倚赖的“综合性”和“区域性”。为加强地理学解决重要问题的能力,提高其学科地位和社会地位,中国地理学应走融合发展道路。应加强地理学综合教育,尽快建立中国地理学的引领性问题体系,围绕问题体系,指明自然地理学与人文地理学走向融合的具体路径,并发挥“中国地理科学十大研究进展”等评选活动的引导作用,借此传播地理学融合发展的方式、机制和成果。

面向学生创造力培养的语文项目化学习准实验研究

项目化学习是提升学生创造力的一条重要实施路径。学科领域的项目化学习是否可以提升学生的学科创造力以及在真实问题解决中的创造力?以上海市某公办小学四年级学生为研究对象,实施基于项目设计标准的语文写作类项目化学习,采用对照班和实验班、前测和后测对比验证的准实验方法进行考察,结果表明:项目化学习实验班中学生的学科创造力、真实问题解决创造力显著优于对照班;学科项目对于学生学科创造力的提升可以迁移到真实问题解决创造力中。

Suffering and Resistance in A Woman on a Roof Based on Disciplinary Power Theory

Known as the literary evergreen tree,Doris Lessing is a prolific and significant British novelist,poet,playwright,librettist,biographer as well as short story writer.Meanwhile,her works cover a wide range of subjects and reflect deep implications because she is good at observing and capturing human subtle and rich emotion.A Woman on a Roof is a famous short story of Doris Lessing,and studies on it are also not enough.Therefore,this paper intends to make a detailed and theoretical analysis on the suffering and resistance in Lessing’s A Woman on a Roof from the perspective of Foucault’s disciplinary power theory.Through the analysis of different victims in the story,a conclusion is to be brought forth that a disciplinary society is permeated with the power relations and resistance spirit.

综合性大学教师教育跨学科耦合运行的路径优化研究

综合性大学加盟研究生层次的教师培养,是提升基础教育师资水平的战略举措,实施的难点是如何围绕高水平复合型教师人才的培养目标,实现课程、教学、导师、实习、评价等环节的跨学科耦合运行。基于中国综合性大学教师教育发展的经验与案例,从教师人才市场需求变化、学术性与实践性的矛盾、专业建设的惯性定势等多角度分析影响和制约教师教育在综合性大学的多学科环境中创新发展的难点与攻坚战,聚焦课程体系、师资团队、评价体制、实践模式四个方面,提出破解跨学科困境的实施方略。