Research on the Policy Evolution of Inclusive Education from an International Comparative Perspective

In recent years,thanks to the vigorous promotion by UNESCO,inclusive education has rapidly developed and spread worldwide.Governments across various nations have responded and implemented this approach,successively introducing laws and policies to ensure that children with special needs are better integrated into society and receive a comprehensive education.This paper begins by exploring the concept and connotation of inclusive education.Through an international comparative perspective,it conducts a comparative analysis of the policy evolution of inclusive education in China and the United Kingdom.Furthermore,it investigates the implications that advanced international policy experiences have for the development of inclusive education in China.

A perspective analysis on municipal solid waste(MSW) energy recovery in China

The paper analysed the current situation of municipal solid waste(MSW) quantity and quality in China and the changing tendencies of its composition. Further more, the energy value of MSW was discussed. To the point of the technical and economic aspects, the feasibility of the energy recovery from MSW was also analysed. The conclusion is that the energy can be effectively recovered through a landfill gas utilization process and the energy produced by an incineration process. Through a suitable energy recovery process, it is possible to improve the economic viability of a MSW treatment process.

An Analysis of Passing from the Psychological Perspective

The short novel Passing,written by Nella Larsen,who is an American novelist and short story writer.Larsen was best known for her contributions to the literary development in Harlem renaissance.This paper aims at analyzing the short novel from the psychological perspective.

A Review of Research on Development of Interlanguage Pragmatic Competence from a Cognitive Perspective

English language learners' pragmatic competence is related to their success incross-cultural communication. Cognitive approaches, mainly the Noticing Hypothesis and Analysis/Control Model, have provided some insights into the question of how to effectively develop second language(L2) learners' pragmatic competence. Empirical studies based on cognitive theoretical constructs suggest that pragmatic activitiesthat draw learners' attention and help them control attention to relevant and appropriate information and integrate those forms in real time of communication contribute to the development of interlanguage pragmatic competence.

Self-alignment of full skewed RSINS: observability analysis and full-observable Kalman filter

Traditional orthogonal strapdown inertial navigation sys-tem （SINS） cannot achieve satisfactory self-alignment accuracy in the stationary base： taking more than 5 minutes and al the iner-tial sensors biases cannot get ful observability except the up-axis accelerometer. However, the ful skewed redundant SINS （RSINS） can not only enhance the reliability of the system, but also improve the accuracy of the system, such as the initial alignment. Firstly, the observability of the system state includes attitude errors and al the inertial sensors biases are analyzed with the global perspective method： any three gyroscopes and three accelerometers can be assembled into an independent subordinate SINS （sub-SINS）;the system state can be uniquely confirmed by the coupling connec-tions of al the sub-SINSs;the attitude errors and random constant biases of al the inertial sensors are observable. However, the ran-dom noises of the inertial sensors are not taken into account in the above analyzing process. Secondly, the ful-observable Kalman filter which can be applied to the actual RSINS containing random noises is established; the system state includes the position, ve-locity, attitude errors of al the sub-SINSs and the random constant biases of the redundant inertial sensors. At last, the initial self-alignment process of a typical four-redundancy ful skewed RSINS is simulated： the horizontal attitudes （pitch, rol ） errors and yaw error can be exactly evaluated within 80 s and 100 s respectively, while the random constant biases of gyroscopes and accelero-meters can be precisely evaluated within 120 s. For the ful skewed RSINS, the self-alignment accuracy is greatly improved, mean-while the self-alignment time is widely shortened.

Wanting a Life in Decency!—A Qualitative Study from Experienced Electric Wheelchairs Users’ perspective

Background: The functionality and the safety of the electric wheelchairs were essential for users’ everyday life. Some evidence indicated that the wheelchair Per Se highly influenced users’ occupational life, their personal identity and social life;further, the wheelchair became an extension of the body and more than a technical device. Besides, there was still both environmental and self-efficacy or/and mental health factors obstacles for full social participation. Even so, there was to some extent stigma related to being a wheelchair user. There was a need to reflect users’ perspective on being depended on electric wheelchair. The aim, accordingly, was to describe and to get a deeper insight into electric wheelchairs users’ perspective and experiences of utilizing this device;a qualitative design with an inductive approach was used. Method: Qualitative latent and interpretative content analysis [1] [2] was used after repeated face-to-face semi-structured interviews with three experienced Swedish electric wheelchair users during the autumn 2017. Findings: The findings showed a high degree of dependability of the assistants that supported the users, and of the quality of that working relationship. The findings were formulated, abstracted and interpreted in several steps. It showed one theme of meaning: “Living in a space shifting between potential violation of or respect for human dignity”. Conclusion: The study showed that electric wheelchair users were relatively content with their lives as well as with their devices in turns of mobility and accessibility, but the meaning of their narrations showed a life at constant risk of having the respect of human rights and human respect violated. Besides, the importance of having access to good and high quality devices, good staffing, and environmental support, all in concordance with human rights, the clinical and practical implications of this study narrows down to a question of encountering the other person as a whole and worthy individual.

Research on the Dynamic Relationships among Taiwan’s Early Childhood Education and Its Stakeholders: The System Dynamics Perspective

In Taiwan,the low birth rate has become one of the most critical problems faced by the government and educational institutions at all levels.The enrolling student number of kindergartens perhaps is the most directly affected by such trend.The purpose of this study aims at constructing a system dynamics model to depict the relationships between the preschool children and their stakeholders for deducing the evolutionary trends of,and the interactions of,governmental policies and the operations of the early childhood education institutions.Through the interpretation of policies and simulation analysis of the twenty-year growth trend related to the child population in Taiwan,this study found that governmental policies and the promotion of education and care services have a positive effect on the growth of all levels of kindergarten classes.Besides,the relationship between the education and care service staff and the kindergarten play a causal balancing role in our proposed model.We suggest that the system dynamics model proposed by this study can help to observe the dynamic relationships formed by the stakeholders in preschool education and care system based on the“joint responsibility”of Taiwan’s early childhood education.

Review of urban ecosystem services from 2010 to 2020:An analysis based on CiteSpace

This paper systematically combs 416 literature on urban ecosystem services (UES) in China and other countries from 2010 to 2020,and carefully interprets the abstracts of 383 effective literature.According to the classification method of the research perspectives of ecosystem services proposed by Luederitz C,the literature is divided into six categories:ecology,governance,methods / tools / guidelines,social networking,economy and planning,and Excel and CiteSpace software were used for data statistical analysis and visual processing.The research shows that:in terms of research perspectives,foreign researches are evenly distributed in six categories:ecology,governance,methods / tools / guidelines,social networking,economy and planning,while domestic research perspectives are relatively concentrated in three categories:economy,governance,methods / tools / guidelines,and the proportion of economic category is particularly significant.In terms of research contents,there are more studies on climate governance,decision-making mechanism and method innovation abroad,while there are more studies on the measurement of carbon sequestration and oxygen releasing,the evaluation of ecological security pattern and the quantitative evaluation of UES’s economic value in China,and there are less studies on institutional organization structure and policy tools,innovative methods of UES’s value evaluation,the potential role of UES on some social phenomena,the relationship between UES and residents’ behavior and perception.

我国高等教育数字化转型建设路径的定性比较分析

高等教育数字化转型是推动高等教育高质量发展的关键举措,也是加快实现高等教育现代化的必由之路｡研究基于TOE框架,从技术､组织､环境三个维度构建高等教育数字化转型分析框架,提炼出数字技术嵌入､战略规划､数字素养与能力､开放教育资源､协作共享五个条件变量｡运用清晰集定性比较分析(csQCA)方法,以组态视角对我国28个高等教育数字化转型典型实践案例进行分析,探索条件变量之间的“多向互动”以及不同条件组合对高等教育数字化转型产生的“联合效应”｡研究发现,单一条件无法单独构成高等教育数字化转型高水平建设的必要条件;高水平建设路径包括“合作驱动型”､“潜力发挥型”和“禀赋优越型”;在特定的客观禀赋条件下,数字技术嵌入和战略规划可以通过等效替代以“殊途同归”的方式推动高等教育数字化转型.

陕西科技成果转化效率影响因素组态效应研究

为提升科技成果转化效率,促进创新型国家转型和陕西经济高质量发展。文中基于整合视角,运用因子分析法和模糊集定性比较法从制度、组织和资源三个层面探究陕西科技成果转化效率影响因素的组态效应。研究结果发现:单一层面的因素难以决定科技成果转化效率的高低;身份自洽下政策协调型、中介实力下政策供给型、身份自洽下技术资源型是实现陕西科技成果转化高效率的3种组态类型,其中身份自洽在产生科技成果转化高效率上发挥关键作用;组织要素在一定情景下可以弥补政策供给的缺失,组织要素内部的机构实力和身份自洽在一定情景下可以相互替代。研究结论可以为优化陕西科技成果转化政策、促进陕西科技成果高效转化提供专业参考。

组态视角下气象灾害应急联动机制效能提升路径研究

气象灾害治理往往涉及多部门主体应急联动,当前治理环境复杂多变,如何提升气象灾害应急联动机制效能成为迫在眉睫的关键问题。基于气象灾害应急联动机制效能提升的质性研究,运用模糊集定性比较分析对我国2008-2022年间的21个案例进行组态分析。研究发现:(1)单一条件不构成气象灾害应急联动机制效能提升的必要条件;(2)高水平气象灾害应急联动机制效能提升路径可以归纳为“法制—资源双重驱动型”“法制—主体全面驱动型”和“法制—资源全面驱动型”3种类型;(3)在特定的客观禀赋条件下,信息共享和主体协调构成的条件配置可以与事件影响和主体协调构成的条件配置通过等效替代的方式提升气象灾害应急联动机制效能。

大学生自杀潜在风险的测量指标:个人中心分析的视角

为探索大学生自杀潜在风险的核心测量指标,供高校心理普查进行参考,本研究基于自杀的应激-易感模型框架,分别在广东省3所高校的大一至大四学生中进行抽样调查,在获取的3126个大学生样本数据中建立一元回归方程、潜在剖面模型,筛选了初始的24个测量指标,重构了大学生自杀潜在风险检测的测量指标系统,其中相关的测量指标有19个。对大学生自杀风险的潜在变量多因素综合预测时关联程度最高的8个核心指标是:边缘性人格、精神病前驱症状、心理痛苦、自伤行为、焦虑、既往自杀倾向、日常烦恼事件和情绪调节能力。研究发现了大学生自杀潜在风险的三个潜在类别并对每个群体提出精准的干预策略:类别1情绪困扰组,表现出“此消彼长”的特征,需要及时的心理疏导;类别2心理健康组,呈现出“富者更富”的特征,应关注发展性心理需求;类别3高风险组,表现出“穷者更穷”的特征,是大学生自杀或心理行为问题的高风险群体,应进行重点关注。大学生自杀是应激、个人易感和环境保护因素交互作用、多方位叠加的结果,且往往以情绪与精神症状的形式表现出来。高校在开展心理健康普查时应改变只采用单一症状指标筛查的方法,注意多指标应用、综合性评估自杀风险值。本研究所筛选的有关大学生自杀风险4个维度19个测量指标8个核心指标可供高校心理普查参考。

复杂视角下乡村旅游地农户可持续生计组态影响研究——以成都市幸福村为例

乡村旅游地农户可持续生计是一个多元因素共同作用的复杂系统,其组态影响研究对于转变当前研究的简单线性思维、深化推动农户生计可持续发展和全面推进乡村振兴具有重要意义。文章基于社会-生态系统理论构建组态影响理论模型,以成都市典型乡村旅游地幸福村的农户为案例,应用模糊集定性比较分析法探究复杂视角下乡村旅游地农户可持续生计组态影响,以揭示农户可持续生计发展背后更为深刻的效应机理。研究发现:1)乡村旅游地农户可持续生计受经济、社会、生态等外因与内因的组态影响,单一因素难以构成影响乡村旅游地农户可持续生计的必要条件,内生动力、旅游产业、土地利用、政策制度、社区治理和自然环境是组态路径中的6大核心影响因素;2)乡村旅游地农户可持续生计组态路径包括4类正向驱动路径和3类负向抑制路径,同向组态路径彼此等价且条件之间具有互补和替代关系,异向组态路径间具有因果关系的非对称性;3)乡村旅游地农户可持续生计多重并发路径的形成受旅游区位和主客观条件的影响。最后基于研究发现提出管理启示,旨在为乡村旅游地农户可持续生计影响机制研究提供复杂组态思路和借鉴。

“私生饭”行为的现象透视与法理分析

“私生饭”对明星追逐的疯狂程度远远超越了正常粉丝的行为边界,他们的行为严重侵犯他人隐私,扰乱公共秩序,影响青少年正确价值观的形成,具有民事、行政以及刑事上的违法性。我国对“私生饭”行为的法律规制不足,包括缺乏法定“私生饭”行为的认定,相关案件取证难、审理时间长,互联网监管存在缺陷,家庭和学校教育存在缺失等。我国需约束规制“私生饭”行为,即在法律层面完善相关法律以及诉讼程序,加强互联网的监管;在道德层面强化未成年人家庭与学校教育。

大别山精神内涵的分析视角及其表达研究

探究大别山精神形成的机理,并从中分析和研究大别山精神的科学内涵,旨在拓展和丰富中国共产党的精神谱系,对于阐释和挖掘大别山精神的当代价值具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。从历史、空间、主体等三个维度分析大别山精神形成的主要脉络及探寻内涵的研究框架。以此为基础,分析了大别山精神文本表达应坚持的原则,即坚持伟大建党精神的主体性、伟大建军精神的补充性和大别山人民革命精神的特色性原则。同时,寻找中国共产党、人民军队、大别山人民等三类主体在大别山地区开展革命斗争所表现出来精神气质的最大公约数,充分尊重现存关于大别山精神表达的文本习惯,将大别山精神内涵概括为“坚守信念、胸怀大局、勇当先锋、紧跟党走”。

基于儿童视角的玩具喜好质性分析

玩具在儿童成长和发展中扮演着十分重要的角色,儿童对玩具有着最直观的体验和看法。为揭示幼儿玩具喜好特征,立足儿童视角,采用了马赛克方法进行资料收集与研究,使用NVivo12.0质性分析软件对资料进行编码分析,结果显示幼儿玩具喜好表现在三个维度:在外观感知维度,幼儿会对被美观优质、具体形象的、符合性别期待的玩具所吸引;在具体操作维度,操作性强、玩法多样、挑战性适中等特点的玩具容易受幼儿喜爱;在价值反思维度,玩具的情感价值和社会性价值是幼儿最为关注的。基于对幼儿玩具喜好特征的分析,在玩具选择与投放、游戏支持等方面提出了相关建议。

专利视角下全球谷物副产物加工产业技术发展态势与我国发展对策研究

为给大食物观背景下我国谷物副产物加工产业的发展提供指导,通过incoPat专利数据库统计近30年全球相关专利,采用专利计量研究方法,从宏观、中观和微观层面对全球谷物副产物加工专利整体态势、技术领域、运营布局进行了解析。与发达国家相比,我国谷物副产物加工正处于快速发展期,创新优势积聚于制备技术和加工技术;技术储备主要在高校科研阶段,高价值专利相对较少,专利转化率相对较低,技术创新驱动产业发展能力尚不足。研磨、谷物膳食纤维是产业的重点发展方向。我国应积极推进高校与企业的产学研合作,大力培育在谷物副产物研磨粉碎技术、谷物膳食纤维、谷物油脂产品等方面的高价值专利,促进科技成果转化落地,助推谷物副产物增值加工产业的高质量发展。

基于文献计量分析的护理人文教育视域思考

目的梳理护理人文教育文献的现状与发展趋势,思考护理人文教育视域变化。方法以中国知网和Web of Science数据库中的护理人文教育文献为对象,应用VOSviewer和Pajek软件对中英文文献的关键词聚类、发展趋势进行分析并比较。结果从聚类结果来看,“优质人文护理”“护理人才培养”是护理人文教育中英文文献的共同主题,但两者侧重点不同。从发展趋势来看,在2010年之前,中英文文献关注的领域都比较分散;2010年之后,关注范围逐步拓宽,关注点开始聚集。中英文文献涉及的广度和深度有所不同,英文文献视角更宽,拓展到“卫生保健”“临终关怀”“公共卫生”等领域,但时间跨度较短;中文文献很大程度上仍侧重以“疾病”为导向,基本局限于医学人文范畴。结论护理人文教育面临新的问题与挑战,其视域需向健康人文和大健康人文拓展,这有赖于护理人文教育改革的不断深化。