The Implantation and Transmission of Plague Culture by the Five Plague Gods in Shuilu Murals

The Five Plague Gods(五瘟神) in the Shuilu(水陆) murals from the Ming and Qing dynasties exemplify a distinctive manifestation of plague gods image developed under the pedigree of Taoist gods.As a significant system for expelling disasters in Shuilu,the depiction of the Five Plague Gods prominently merges human beings and livestock.This shape form to a large extent,draws on the image of Nuo(傩),a figure reflecting an imagination of the host of plague pathogens.In terms of the numbers of gods,it aligns with the conceptual framework of Wu Xing(五行 the five elements),a foundational principle in traditional Chinese medicine.The internal cultural connection highlights the means of plague prevention and control in China,as well as the external reflection of plague culture.Through multi-dimensional interpretations with the double proof method,this article dissects the formation,core elements,and cultural characteristics of the beliefs in the Five Plague Gods reflected in the Shuilu murals,and transcends mere visual semantics,offering a deeper understanding of these complex cultural symbols.

Historiography and Scientific Research of Religious Buildings of the Cucuteni-Trypillian Culture

The purpose of this article is to reveal the historiography and current state of research related to the cult buildings of the Eneolithic period of the Cucuteni-Trypillian cultural community.The article describes the historical path of archaeological discoveries,from the first Trypillian sanctuaries to the discovery of the largest Nebelivka temple complex in Ukraine in 2012.At the same time,the work partially raises the issue of religious beliefs of the ancient farmers of Central Europe in connection with the discovery of their sacred buildings.Since special scientific works have not comprehensively addressed this issue and are still fragmentary in nature,it is important at the present stage of research to make some coverage and systematization of existing materials on this issue.

Culture Survivance and Religion Healing： On Ojibwe Spirituality in Healing Trauma in LaRose

As of French, German and Ojibwe mixed-blood origin, Louise Erdrich, a well-known and prolific American writer, has always been dealing with the theme of the relationship between Catholicism and Ojibwe spirituality in her fictional world. Her attitude towards Catholicism and Ojibwe spirituality has sparked a heated discussion among scholars and researchers in recent years. Under such academic atmosphere, therefore, LaRose is discussed in this paper. It is shown inLaRose that when white and tribal history come together, where Catholic and traditional spirit worlds intersect, and when Western legal justice cannot solve an ethical problem, Ojibwe spirituality can be used for healing trauma, which is represented through the tradition of adoption as a spiritual reparation, the acquisition of power through naming and biological inheritance and the practice of rituals and ceremonies, from all of which the healing power is derived. Rather than being a syncretism with Catholic, Ojibwe spirituality should preserve its own traditions and cultures to survive generational as well as individual trauma and maintain a culture survivance

Allusions——A Mirror Reflecting Culture Differences between China and the West

Chinese and western cultures,due to various complicated factors,differ from each other greatly.In the essay,the differ ences are examined from three perspectives:religion,legend and literature,the three important branches of culture,which would show the essence of the differences between the two cultures.

Compared Study of Authentic Culture on Three Guangdong Ancestral Temples

In this article, three Guangdong’s ancestral temples are taken as case studies to explore strategies for cultural heritage conservation. Heritage conservation is very important not only for our missing of past, but in order that our own cultural identity can be formed today. In China, different stakeholders hold various views on heritage protection and conflicts often take place. Particularly, many folk religion’s cultural heritages face a dangerous scenario and could even be damaged or destroyed for a variety of “reason”. This article tries to re-examine fundamental values and assessment criteria for cultural heritage conservation. The authenticity is a core concept involved with those of issues. Based on the views of culture place, the author puts forward the concept of “emic culture authenticity” as a hinge to explore authentic culture ecology of heritage and its model, to facilitate the cultural heritage conservation and reuse by the strategies of classification and adaptation.

Technology and Community in a Rural Culture: The Amish

The Amish are a marginal outgroup in the United States who have remained far from the center of the dominant society in their nearly 400 year history.This is in part due to a judicious acceptance and adoption of newer technologies,as these are not viewed as vales free.This highly religious community is promoted as a tourist attraction by various states where their communities flourish.Their culture seems quaint or antiquated,though this is partly due to a preference for older methods of labor and production that have stood the test of time and serve to maintain integrity of the culture.The Amish have been persecuted in past for choosing to be a non-violent culture,which has also prohibited their exposure to various technologies.Their history in America runs counter to the culture and experiences of the dominant social culture,as well as many minority cultures.Their endurance and success run counter to much of the development of social welfare milestones and policy in America.Yet,the Amish represent marginal and oppressed people in immigrant history.Many who promote their culture continue to exploit them based upon the misunderstandings of the larger society.Some who write about them perpetuate these misconceptions.This paper seeks to examine critically via the selection of available historical evidence,and through the historical observations of earlier writers raised in Amish tradition,how the Amish view themselves and concerning technology within their culture.

Discussion on the Fundamental Role of Traditional Culture in the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine--Using Ophthalmology As An Example

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)was developed from and is rooted in traditional Chinese culture.Nowadays,the Chinese state attaches great importance to the development of TCM and has implemented a series of policies and measures.This paper first demonstrates the rationality of the view that"traditional culture plays a fundamental role in the development of TCM",and analyzes the influence of traditional culture on the development of TCM from the perspective of philosophy and religion,in order to have a deeper understanding of the formation and development process of TCM.Finally,taking ophthalmology of TCM as an example,this paper discusses the importance of the continual inheritance of traditional culture and development of TCM.

Culture Vacancy in Translation of Chinese and English Idioms

Idioms always carry strong cultural characteristics of their own nations,so in idiom translation,culture vacancy is a common problem for translators and the way we deal with this problem may probably decide the quality of our translations.This thesis mainly discusses the definition and three main resources for culture vacancy.

基于分类标引原理的宗教文化类目探讨

调查《中图法》第5版“B9宗教”类目存在的体系结构缺乏逻辑、类号编制不规范以及国家图书馆和中国知网学术期刊库宗教文化分类标引混乱等问题,以期为《中图法》的改版提供参考。根据宗教的组成要素,按照类目之间的逻辑关系,将佛教、基督教、伊斯兰教(三大宗教)、其他宗教和术数作为宗教的主标目,将宗教哲学、宗教教义、宗教体制等共性问题作为宗教“理论与方法论”的内容,以期为各类宗教的仿分提供便利;将术数的具体内容设置为专类复分表,以期为各国术数提供仿分便利。通过对“B9宗教”类目的改进,增强了类目的伸缩性,节省了分类法的篇幅。

文化认同在道教中国化中的意义--以净明忠孝道为例

以“天地君亲师”为代表的文化认同是凝聚民族共同体的精神力量,在道教中国化这一时代命题中具有重要意义。道教是孕育并生长于中国的宗教,因富含传统文化的元素,彰显出鲜明的本土文化特征。以发轫于江南地区(以江西为核心区域)的净明忠孝道为例,它从前身的民间信仰许逊崇拜到后世跻身制度性宗教的长期发展过程中,皆与传统文化水乳交融、密不可分。净明道将中国传统观念“天地君亲师”全面融摄吸收,以之作为自己义理建构、教团组织建设、道脉赓续、祭祀圈扩展的重要支撑和文化力量。净明道至今鲜活的宗教实践,祭祀教祖许逊绵延的庙会香火,均表明文化认同是道教存续与发展的关键因素,对道教中国化这一时代课题具有重要的启示和借鉴意义,值得进行深入探讨。

无神论思想底色是中国各宗教和谐共生的传统文化基础

无神论思想是中华文化本有的思想底色,是马克思主义能够与中华文化相融通的重要思想基础。历史证明,我国各宗教均为中华文化的无神论思想底色所影响、所涵养、所引领,表现为核心理念与心性修养相融通,外在层面与忠孝伦理相融通。因此可以说无神论思想是我国各宗教能够和谐共生的重要思想基础,成为当前我国宗教中国化健康传承的重要思想理论保证。

Study on Origin and Cultural Connotation of Names in English-speaking Countries

The names in English-speaking countries are full of historical origin and cultural connotation. For the significance of family name and given name, this paper focus on the origin and culture connotation of family name and given name, and also the hidden influences of name played on human beings. Moreover, the relationship between development of society and English name will also be concerned because we can not ignore that the development of society has made great effects to English name.According to the whole essay, we can easily realize the origin and connotation of English name through all my researches and analyses.

论江西堪舆文化对明遗民治生抉择的影响--以清初文学家徐芳为例

明清易代,受传统儒家名节意识的影响,明遗民拒绝清廷招揽,但他们又不得不面对生计抉择的问题。明遗民为风水先生者不在少数。徐芳以地师身份行脚大江南北,以堪舆相地自谋生计,这一人生选择受到江西民间信仰与文化传统等大历史环境的影响。细查徐芳一生行迹,他奔走四方,流连明朝陪都南京,屡屡与众遗民同道交游,或有借“看风水”之名从事抗清活动之可能。

汉画雷神图像研究

雷神作为中国最早的气象神崇拜之一,经历了从“兽”向“神”、从自然神灵逐渐转变具有复杂社会职能的人格神灵的变化过程,由神话学转为宗教学。至汉代,雷神具备了纯粹的人格化特征,且雷神信仰在汉代特殊的神仙语境下有了仙化的倾向。汉画雷神图像存在复合兽形、半人半兽形和人形这几种外形并行存在的现象。其图像构成及表现形式均呈现出由单一走向复杂、综合的趋势,雷神成为图像中的主要叙事元素,空间结构的处理方式也愈发灵活,在继承楚文化浪漫主义特点的同时,又秉承着汉代艺术的古拙、雄浑的艺术色彩。通过分析汉画雷神图像的艺术特征,从艺术学角度探究民族艺术创作的价值及审美取向,从背后蕴含的精神信仰、社会信俗和理念内涵探究汉代独特的民族文化心理、世界观。

On Cultural Barriers in Intercultural Communication

This paper probes into formation and problems of cultural barriers in actual communication.It analyzes reasons why that these cultural barriers come into being and proposes solutions to these problems with several examples.

Cultural Factors of Lisu Ethnic Tribe in Kachin State

This research is conducted with the aim of investigating the culture of Lisu ethnic tribe in Myanmar, the area of study which has been unexplored. This research paper deals with good historical evidence of Lisu ethnic group in the circle of Lolo Ethnic group during the 9th century A.D. They lived in their own states in the regions such as Bhamo, Putao and Loilin. Therefore, the tribes are named after their respective regions, such as Bhamo Lisu and Loilin Lisu. They were in the north, holding strong power in Yunnan Province called Nan-Chao. Their prestige remained for as long as their traditions, their own religion and their dressing （costume） and the way they earn their living, culture and literature aspiring national faith of Lisu.

Different Communication Styles Cultural Matters

In the paper the author tries to analyze the cultural differences behind the different communication styles between the Chinese students and the Saudi ones who study in the United States. The author thinks that the different religions make the big difference.

Vocalizing the "Local": Exploring the Cultural Milieu Along Coastal Maharashtra

The return to the study of localized aspects of culture and tradition is unravelling the various layers of a regional cultural milieu in academic study. Following the vein of regional exploration, this paper explores the case of Konkan, along the west coast of India, for the vernacular religious traditions. The mythic hero Parshurama mentioned in the text of Sahyadri Khanda features as a prominent hero along the Konkan coast and numerous places and performative traditions have retained the mythical base of this narrative as a part of local history. Ritual significance of naming certain sites and the connection between temples and other archaeological material sources with a narrative thread form the crux of this discussion on local culture in Konkan. The aspect of orality in the narrative scheme is often overlooked in the study of regional culture, and this exploration makes a case for the interdisciplinary approach of textual sources, ethnographic and oral accounts along with the data pertaining to material culture in such a study. The paper offers an entry point into the examination of religious texts and local performative tradition hinged on narratives of space that have shaped the vernacular culture to this day. This exploration will offer a case-study for an interdisciplinary investigation into local cultures that in turn enrich the knowledge on popular socio-religious currents.

Intercultural Dialogue in the Teaching of Pope Benedict XVI

This paper is devoted to intercultural dialogue from the point of view of Pope Benedict XVI （pontificate between 2005 and 2013）. It presents pontifical documents, statements, and speeches dedicated to this issue as well as the conclusions resulting from them. The aim of the paper is to prove that intercultural dialogue and interreligious dialogue are within the context of a new scientific discipline--political science of religion--which deals with the issues of relations between the sphere of religion and the sphere of politics. Intercultural dialogue is tightly connected to interreligious dialogue. Interreligious and intercultural dialogue allows to create the world based on brotherhood and reconciliation. They are the foundation of the future, an effective tool to build a civilization of love and they are born out of God＇s mercy.

Himalayan Political and Cultural Challenges to Catholic Peacebuilding

The Himalayas exhibit multiple instances and stages of violent armed conflict and political instability.This paper will consider how the political and cultural realities of the Himalayas complexify the Catholic approach to pursuing a sustainable just peace.Peacebuilding emphasizes a holistic approach to conflict transformation,addressing the underlying causes of violence,while considering the goals and motivations of those involved.As a vital component of Catholic social teaching,peacebuilding articulates a comprehensive approach to reduce violence toward a sustainable and just peace that emphasizes human dignity and a common good.Although Catholic peacebuilding institutions attempt to engage at the grassroots,national,and international levels,they can be restricted to local communities in the Himalayas because of political and cultural limitations.Given the importance and plurality of religion,as well as the marginalization of mountain peoples,in the Himalayas,an emphasis on interreligious collaboration to deconstruct oppressive systems of injustice is essential.Despite a problematic colonial past and small minority of Christians in the region,Catholic peacebuilders have demonstrated an ability to contribute when partnering with actors from other faith traditions.Furthermore,Catholic social teaching provides a framework that is helpful to linking political,economic,and social development with efforts toward achieving a just peace.This research will attempt to identify possible opportunities amidst the challenges at the grassroots level and beyond.Catholic peacebuilding,when accounting for the unique challenges of the Himalayas,is one component,among many,that can contribute to local,regional,and global conflict transformation.