Attitude and willingness on gamete donation among medical students:An experience from a state university in Sri Lanka

Objective:To assess the attitude and willingness of medical students of the Faculty of Medicine,University of Jaffna,regarding gamete donation.Methods:An institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine,University of Jaffna,from September 2022 to May 2023 among undergraduate medical students who gave their voluntary participation.A self-administered questionnaire was used as a study instrument to collect data regarding their attitude and willingness toward gamete donation.Results:A total of 345 participants were recruited and their sociodemographic data revealed that 56.8%of the participants were female,62.3%aged between 26 and 30 years,and 92.2%were unmarried.Many of them received information regarding gamete donations during their clinical appointments.Over half(67.8%)of them showed a negative attitude towards gamete donation.Regarding willingness,only 39.7%of participants had a positive approach for being a gamete donor;among them,84.7%preferred anonymous donations.Religion and ethnicity had a significant influence on their attitudes and willingness.In addition,male was also found to be more willing to donate gametes.Conclusions:Most medical students have negative views about gamete donation.Imparting awareness and knowledge of assisted reproductive technology and gamete donation within medical students'sociocultural and ethical backgrounds might facilitate a change in attitude towards gamete donation amongst future medical practitioners.

The Comparison of Current Development,Technology and Governments’Attitudes of Driverless Car at Home and Abroad

Driverless car,as a direction for future automobile development,greatly improves the efficiency and safety of the traffic system.It’s one of the most popular technical fields.In recent years,driverless car has developed rapidly.The related development is concerned by governments,businesses,consumers and stakeholders widely,and most of countries have been actively studying this technology.This paper first introduces the current development of driverless car at home and abroad.Besides,the basic technologies of driverless car are briefly analyzed.In addition,the author compares the American government’s attitudes with Chinese government’s attitudes towards driverless car.Specifically,the article makes an analysis of contents of literature and periodicals at home and abroad and policies and documents which have already been published.The analysis shows that there is no great difference between the attitudes of Chinese and American governments.Both of two governments actively support the development of driverless car.Finally,this paper expounds the development direction of the driverless car field in future by dividing into two categories through road conditions:automatic driving on expressways and automatic driving in cities.

The Social Media and Technology Addiction and Its Associated Factors among University Students in Lebanon Using the Media and Technology Usage and Attitudes Scale (MTUAS)

The contemporary developments of Information and Communication Technologies usage have fueled a popular concern. The young people are experiencing technology addiction behavior due to excessive media and technology usage. A valid instrument is required to detect individuals at high risk of social media and technology addiction. Objective: The objectives of this study are to assess prevalence of the technology addiction using the Media and Technology Usage and Attitudes Scale (MTUAS) and to investigate the impacts of online social networking on health and academic performance of young university students in Lebanon. Methods: During the academic year 2017-2018, a cross-sectional study which enrolled 705 young university students was conducted. Data was collected using MTUAS questionnaire. The translation and cultural adaptation of the MTUAS followed a standardized protocol. The psychometric properties were then evaluated. We used multivariate regression analyses to determine which characteristics were associated with the technology addiction among students. Results: 705 filled out the questionnaire aged 17 to 35 years (mean = 20.42;SD = 2.41), 74% of whom were females. The internal consistency was high for all subscales and ranged from 0.54 - 0.87. The MTUAS yielded statistically significant scores for subgroups (known group validity). Males’ students had a higher risk of addiction to social media and technology than females. The use of media was viewed common among the smokers (OR = 1.76;95% CI = 1.10 - 2.82, p = 0.02) and drinkers of alcohol (OR = 1.80;95% CI = 1.04 - 3.11, p = 0.04). Students that used e-mailing, smartphone, and TV viewing had a high academic performance level. Females and public university students had negative attitudes toward technology. In conclusion: The technology becomes a big problem on the universities students’ users that has an impact on their life and affects their academic performance. The MTUAS Arabic version has been evaluated as a valid and reliable instrument.

Examining Social Media and Technology Attitudes in Older-Aged and Middle-Aged Adults: Relationship With Cognitive Flexibility and Sense of Inadequacy

The main purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between the perceived cognitive flexibility and sense of inadequacy of older adults and middle adults with their attitudes towards social media use and technology.Of the participants,210(68.2%)were female and 98(31.8%)were male.The sample consisted of 49.4%of middle adults aged between 50-59 years,and a total of 308 adults,50.6%of whom were older adults aged 60 and over.“Personal Information Form”,“Sense of Inadequacy Scale”,“Cognitive Flexibility Scale”,and“Media and Technology Use and Attitudes Scale”were used to collect data in the research.According to the findings of the study,older-and middle-aged adults differed in their sense of inadequacy and cognitive flexibility capacity.A significant difference was found between social media use and technology attitudes of older and middle adults.The findings were discussed within the framework of the relevant literature.

Lawyers＇ Perceptions and Attitudes Towards the New Information and Communication Technologies （ICTs）： A Case Study of the Southern Professional Institute （IPReS） From the Federal State University of Morelos （UAEM）

A quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to analyze the perceptions and attitudes of attorney teachers, from the Southern Professional Institute （IPReS） of the Federal State University of Morelos （UAEM）, towards the new information and communication technologies （ICTs）. The investigation was conducted by the method of survey and gathering information through the application of teachers＇ Attitudes Questionnaire to Computers derived from the instrument ＂Teachers＇ Attitudes Toward Computers＂ of Christensen and Knezek （1996） to the total teachers with a law degree who work at the institute. The dimensions involved in the questionnaire were： liking/utility, email, frustration/anxiety, learning/productivity, and negative impact. The results projected in the study reflected that teachers have a positive attitude （medium to favorable） with respect to computers and emails. In addition, the results showed the absence of teachers＇ feelings of anxiety, nervousness, or fear towards using computers.

The Augmented Reality Application of Multimedia Technology in Aquatic Organisms Instruction

The paper elaborates the features and superiority of applying multimedia technology to aquatic organisms in a Science and Life Technology course. The augmented reality application of multimedia technology in aquatic organisms’ instruction has its own features, teaching information capacity, interactive user interface. The paper concludes the superiority of Unity and Vuforia AR instruction from five perspectives;meanwhile, the paper elaborates its disadvantages. An AR-based instruction attitude questionnaire was conducted at the end of the experiment to obtain learners’ perspectives of the system. Learners in AR approach demonstrate higher motivation and concentrate their attention on the learning tasks. Learners showed more positive attitude in willingness to use the AR-based instruction to improve learning interests. This study provided insights for better understanding the design, theory and practice of e-learning through augmented reality technology.

Evaluation of a Mobile Station Electronic Health Record on Documentation Compliance and Nurses’ Attitudes

Electronic Health Record (EHR) Systems have been adopted by healthcare organizations for documentation of patient care. Often these information systems are embedded in mobile nurse stations. As part of assessing the impact of this technology it is important to determine the effect it has on charting compliance and user acceptance. Data were collected at a medical center in Taiwan in two stages. The first stage involved use of a 28-item medical review tool to measure charting compliance in 99 charts before and after implementation of the EHR system. In stage two, a survey was conducted with 709 nurse users to determine their level of mobile EHR acceptance 3 months after this documentation technology was initiated. Results demonstrated that EHR significantly improved documentation compliance in standardized data entry format (name, date, time), abbreviation, content correction/revision, patient care needs, and care goals. Analysis of data from the five categories of a user acceptance survey revealed the following results (based on a 4-point Likert scale): patient care (2.92), nursing efficiency (2.78), education and training (2.98), usability (2.61), and usage benefits (2.87). The study concluded that use of mobile nurse stations with EHR can improve documentation compliance and that although frequent system downtime needs improvement, nurses generally have positive attitudes toward this technology application.

Consumer Attitudes Towards Private Shopping Sites in Turkey

Private shopping sites （PSSs） business model is developing rapidly both in the world and in Turkey since 2000s. However, studies related consumer attitudes towards private shopping sites in Turkey are limited in the literature. So, the main aim of this paper is revealing variables that affect attitudes of PSSs customers in Turkey and conceptualizing these variables within the scope of a model that depends on Technology Acceptance Model （TAM） In this descriptive study, research population includes all of the consumers who made at least one shopping from PSSs in Turkey and ＂snowball sampling method＂ is used. In consequence of an online survey application 409 questionnaires are analyzed. As a result of regression analysis, all of the 14 hypotheses are accepted. In conclusion all of the variables in the model （product quality, delivery service, system quality, information quality, service quality, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, compatibility, privacy, and security） have significant relations with consumer attitudes. The most important variables in building positive attitudes towards PSSs are perceived usefulness and compatibility. Conversely the lowest variance prediction percentage belongs to privacy variable.

Attitude Control Algorithm for Reusable Launch Vehicle in Reentry Flight Phase

An attitude control algorithm for reusable launch vehicle(RLV) in reentry phase is proposed based on sliding mode variable structure control technique.The aerodynamic characteristics of RLV vary rapidly,and the serious uncertainties and nonlinearities exist in the reentry flight phase.As an example,American X-34 technology demonstrator is investigated.The chattering brought by the variable structure control technique is eliminated efficiently by choosing a suitable reaching law and a sign function.A control mode of reaction control system is presented based on the RCS scheme of X-34 vehicle.As two different attitude control effectors,aerosurfaces and RCS,are employed in the reentry flight phase,a composite control strategy based on the dynamic pressure variety is presented.Also,an actuator model and a RCS thruster model are built.Analysis and nonlinear simulation results show that the sliding mode variable structure controller achieves better performance,the overshoot and steady-state error are only 0.7% and 0.04° respectively.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Used in the Control of Striga in Maize by Smallholder Farmers of Western Kenya

The production of maize is constrained by parasitic weeds, particularly Striga. A study was carried out to document farmers＇ knowledge, attitude and practices on Striga control among smallholder farmers across three districts： Kisumu West, Busia and Teso South of Western Kenya. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the locations and farmers to be interviewed. A semi structured, open and closed ended questionnaire was administered leading to field experiment. Besides village meetings （39.2%）, farmers got informed on farming methods under Striga weed farms and its control technologies through neighbours （2.5%）, workshops and trainings （5.0%）, field schools （3.7%）, media （7.5%） and extension agents （10.8%）. The attitudes of farmers towards Striga control varied but frequently cited： long term viability of the Striga seed （12.5%）, difficult to control sharing of farm tools （10.8%）, expensive technologies （13.3%）, lack of adequate information （18.3%）, labour intensive （15.0%）, large farms for use of push and pull technology （1.7%） and time consuming （12.5%）. Framers used various Striga control practices but traditional methods （25%） were among the most used （25%）. Concerted effort involving researchers, extension agents and private sector are, therefore, required for wide scale dissemination and adoption of the existing modem control technologies.

The usage of technology in preventing and detecting fraud

Auditors of information systems technology （IT） play a major role in the prevention of significant fraud and investigation. Fraud is hard to detect and even more difficult to prevent. All the auditors are responsible for detection, determination of fraud and use of anti-fraud programs. With rapid developments in information, communication and technology, it is no surprise that companies grow and secure IT system, but with the development of technology was developed and fraud schemes. Detection or not the auditor of the fraud, not fulfilling his work reflects you, or not drafting of a plan audit standards and procedures, but he has to do with personal ability auditor, to analyze the findings during the audit, use of tests, the natural limitations of internal control and the fact that most of the findings of the auditor of nature are more persuasive than effective. When you conduct an audit, auditor has a professional skeptic attitude that considers the risk of circumvention of control procedures by management and recognizes that simple fact, the audit procedures that are effective in connection with the discovery of errors, are not suitable for detection and identification fraud. This requires from the auditor to establish a procedure for considering the risk of fraud, in order to detect the exact appearance not as a result of fraud. A particular impact has The Model of Fraud Detection Strategy, as an 8 steps model for identifying fraud, using IT to collect, define and analyze the data and anomalies that highlight indicators of fraud.

Awareness and Attitudes Toward In Vitro Fertilization in Patients with Infertility:A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective:To investigate the awareness and attitudes of patients with infertility toward in vitro fertilization(IVF).Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with infertility at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Peking University Third Hospital.Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire that consists of patient background information,methods of obtaining relevant IVF information,and patients’awareness of IVF treatment as well as the law and ethics.Results:A total of 198 participants of different backgrounds were enrolled in the study,and IVF information was obtained through different means;however,most of the participants had a lack of awareness and improper attitude toward IVF.The participants had higher estimations of treatment expenses(Pearson λ^(2)=22.132,P<0.05)and time(Pearson λ^(2)=47.992,P<0.05)during the initial consultation,while those with treatment experience expressed fewer concerns about IVF therapy(Pearson λ^(2)=9.467,P<0.05),particularly about the genetic risks of having IVF.Conclusion:Measures should be taken to improve patients’awareness and attitudes toward IVF,and a large-scale and multicenter clinical study should be conducted in the future.

Re-entry Attitude Double-loop SMC of the Spacecraft and Its Logic Selection

A spacecraft re-entry attitude control method using sliding mode control (SMC) theory is developed. The controller utilizes double-loop SMC scheme and provides the robust, de-coupled tracking of both the angular velocity and the shuttle orientation angles. In accordance with the hybrid-controlling characteristics of the aerodynamic surfaces and reaction control system of the spacecraft, the control torque commands are allocated into the actuators such as the aerodynamic surfaces and reaction control system by using the optimal control selection allocation algorithm. The simulation of the spacecraft re-entry attitude controlling demonstrates the robust, de-coupled tracking performance of the proposed method and its validity.

可持续视角下虚拟服装对实体服装消费的影响

在时尚产业数字化和低碳化的趋势下,探究虚拟服装对实体服装消费赋能的商业革新价值。基于技术接受模型,以虚拟服装美学性和技术性为外部变量构建理论模型,探索虚拟服装属性对实体服装消费的影响及作用机理。通过289份有效问卷,采用回归分析进行实证,结果表明:虚拟服装美学性和技术性正向影响实体服装态度,感知有用性和品牌态度在其中起链式中介作用,外观一致性在其中起调节中介作用。研究结论肯定了虚拟服装的商业价值溢出,解析了虚拟服装赋能实体服装消费的机理,为时尚企业数字化设计与减少浪费的可持续生产提供了思路。

环境价值观对农户绿色生产技术采纳意愿的影响研究——有调节的中介模型

农户是否愿意采纳绿色生产技术,关系到我国农产品质量安全和农业绿色可持续发展的实现。基于河南省355户农户调研数据,立足“社会人”假设,整合计划行为理论和价值-态度-行为理论,运用结构方程模型和PROCESS检验程序,探讨环境价值观和主观规范对农户绿色生产技术采纳意愿的影响,检验主观规范的中介作用以及规模经营的调节作用。研究发现:(1)农户对不同农业绿色生产技术的采纳意愿存在差异,从高到低依次为耕地质量提升与保育技术、农业废弃物循环利用技术和化肥农药减施增效技术;(2)环境价值观的3个维度中,生态价值观对采纳意愿有直接影响,利他价值观和利己价值观通过行为态度和主观规范对采纳意愿产生间接影响;(3)行为态度和主观规范在环境价值观对采纳意愿影响的过程中发挥中介作用;(4)经营规模在利他价值观和利己价值观分别影响主观规范的过程中具有正向调节作用。基于研究结果分析,提出强化农户环境价值观培养、推进绿色乡风文明建设、加快规模经营主体培育以及驱动绿色生产技术创新等政策建议。

亲子间科技干扰对中学生抑郁的影响:父母拒绝与功能失调性态度的链式中介作用

目的探讨亲子间科技干扰与中学生抑郁的关系以及父母拒绝和功能失调性态度的链式中介作用。方法采用科技干扰量表、简式父母教养方式问卷、功能失调性态度量表以及流调中心抑郁量表对986名中学生进行问卷调查。结果①亲子间科技干扰正向预测中学生抑郁(β=0.11,P=0.03);②父母拒绝和功能失调性态度在亲子间科技干扰和中学生抑郁间起单独中介作用[中介效应量为0.09和0.07,95%CI(0.04,0.14)和(0.02,0.11)];③父母拒绝和功能失调性态度在亲子间科技干扰和中学生抑郁间起链式中介作用[中介效应量为0.03,95%CI(0.01,0.07)];④链式中介效应在性别上差异有统计学意义(△χ^(2)14.94,P=0.03)。结论亲子间的科技干扰会增加中学生的抑郁,改善父母拒绝与调整功能失调态度能够缓解中学生抑郁。

大学英语教师TPACK能力的必要性与主观影响因素

随着社会的发展,将信息技术与学科教育相融合的呼声越来越大,大学英语教学也不例外。提升大学英语教师TPACK能力成为教育界(尤其是英语教学界)的一项重要议题。提升TPACK能力,不仅是时代的要求,而且也是大学英语教师知识储备的一部分,而提升大学英语教师TPACK能力不仅需要分析客观因素并提出相应对策,还应该重视提升过程中的主观变量因素,即教师的态度和信息技术素养。

信息技术在小学教育专业中的应用及其对学生学习成绩的影响

随机抽取189名小学教育专业学生进行问卷调查,了解信息技术在小学教育专业中的应用及其对学生学习成绩的影响。结果表明,受访者对使用频率、学习效果、态度观点、学习成绩维度给予了较高的评价,说明受访者对信息技术的应用普遍持较为积极的态度。使用频率、学习效果、态度观点3个维度在统计学上均表现出对学生学习成绩的显著正向影响,说明教师在课堂上频繁使用信息技术、学生通过信息技术进行学习及学生对信息技术的态度均会对学生的学习成绩起到显著的提升作用。基于此,教师可以积极探索并利用各种信息技术工具和资源提高教学效果,注重培养学生的信息技术素养,为学生提供个性化的学习内容和资源,学校应建立有效的评估和监控体系,对信息技术在教学中的应用效果进行定期评估和监测。

AIGC技术引领设计革新:早期大众到早期采用者的转变

基于技术采用周期模型的视角,探讨了AIGC技术对设计师认知态度、设计素养以及非物质化能力的影响。通过定性与定量相结合的混合研究方法,结果显示设计师对AIGC技术的态度经历了从初期怀疑或中立逐渐转变为积极接受和认可。特别是,设计师认识到AIGC技术在提升设计效率、促进创意思维以及拓展设计可能性方面的潜力,从而提升了整体设计素养。结果揭示设计师从“早期大众”向“早期采用者”的态度演进,突显了教育和实践在促进技术采纳中的重要性。此外,通过设计教育和策略调整,可以进一步拓宽设计师自我发展的边界,强调持续学习和适应新技术对于维持设计领域竞争力和创新力的重要性。

煤矿智能化采煤工作面装备关键技术研究与应用

阐述了智能化采煤工作面装备技术应用的研究背景,介绍了智能化采煤工作面主要装备的关键技术特点,指出了主要装备技术的创新点及主要突破点,并分析了现场实际应用过程中取得的经济、社会和安全效益,为智能化采煤工作面装备配套及安全高效生产提供了技术保障。