Jamming Assisted Covert Wireless Communication in Multi-Channel Systems

This paper investigates the jammerassisted multi-channel covert wireless communication(CWC)by exploiting the randomness of sub-channel selection to confuse the warden.In particular,we propose two sub-channel selection transmission schemes,named random sub-channel selection(RSS)scheme and maximum sub-channel selection(MSS)scheme,to enhance communication covertness.For each proposed scheme,we first derive closed-form expressions of the transmission outage probability(TOP),the average effective rate,and the minimum average detection error probability(DEP).Then,the average effective covert rate(ECR)is maximized by jointly optimizing the transmit power at the transmitter and the number of sub-channels.Numerical results show that there is an optimal value of the number of sub-channels that maximizes the average ECR.We also find that to achieve the maximum average ECR,a larger number of subchannels are needed facing a stricter covertness constraint.

Principle of Line Configuration and Monte-Carlo Simulation for Shared Multi-Channel System

Based on the steady-state solution of finite-state birth and death process, the principle of line configuration for shared multi-channel system is analyzed. Call congestion ratio equation and channel utilization ratio equation are deduced, and visualized data analysis is presented. The analy-sis indicates that, calculated with the proposed equations, the overestimate for call congestion ratio and channel utilization ratio can be rectified, and thereby the cost of channels can be saved by 2000 in a small system.With MATLAB programming, line configuration methods are provided. In order to generally and intuitively show the dynamic running of the system, and to analyze,promote and improve it, the system is simulated using M/M/n/n/m queuing model and Monte-Carlo method. In addition, the simulation validates the correctness of the theoretical analysis and optimizing configuration method.

A novel multi-channel porous structure facilitating mass transport towards highly efficient alkaline water electrolysis

An advantageous porous architecture of electrodes is pivotal in significantly enhancing alkaline water electrolysis(AWE)efficiency by optimizing the mass transport mechanisms.This effect becomes even more pronounced when aiming to achieve elevated current densities.Herein,we employed a rapid and scalable laser texturing process to craft novel multi-channel porous electrodes.Particularly,the obtained electrodes exhibit the lowest Tafel slope of 79 mV dec^(-1)(HER)and 49 mV dec^(-1)(OER).As anticipated,the alkaline electrolyzer(AEL)cell incorporating multi-channel porous electrodes(NP-LT30)exhibited a remarkable improvement in cell efficiency,with voltage drops(from 2.28 to 1.97 V)exceeding 300 mV under 1 A cm^(-1),compared to conventional perforated Ni plate electrodes.This enhancement mainly stemmed from the employed multi-channel porous structure,facilitating mass transport and bubble dynamics through an innovative convection mode,surpassing the traditional convection mode.Furthermore,the NP-LT30-based AEL cell demonstrated exceptional durability for 300 h under 1.0 A cm^(-2).This study underscores the capability of the novel multi-channel porous electrodes to expedite mass transport in practical AWE applications.

Design of Cold-Junction Compensation and Disconnection Detection Circuits of Various Thermocouples and Implementation of Multi-Channel Interfaces Using Them-A Secondary Publication

Cold-junction compensation(CJC)and disconnection detection circuit design of various thermocouples(TC)and multi-channel TC interface circuits were designed.The CJC and disconnection detection circuit consists of a CJC semiconductor device,an instrumentation amplifier(IA),two resistors,and a diode for disconnection detection.Based on the basic circuit,a multi-channel interface circuit was also implemented.The CJC was implemented using compensation semiconductor and IA,and disconnection detection was detected by using two resistors and a diode so that IA input voltage became-0.42 V.As a result of the experiment using R-type TC,the error of the designed circuit was reduced from 0.14 mV to 3μV after CJC in the temperature range of 0°C to 1400°C.In addition,it was confirmed that the output voltage of IA was saturated from 88 mV to-14.2 V when TC was disconnected from normal.The output voltage of the designed circuit was 0 V to 10 V in the temperature range of 0°C to 1400°C.The results of the 4-channel interface experiment using R-type TC were almost identical to the CJC and disconnection detection results for each channel.The implemented multi-channel interface has a feature that can be applied equally to E,J,K,T,R,and S-type TCs by changing the terminals of CJC semiconductor devices and adjusting the IA gain.

Multi-channel terahertz focused beam generator based on shared-aperture metasurface

Most of existing metasurfaces usually have limited channel behavior,which seriouslyhinders their development and application.In this paper,we propose a multi-channel terahertz focused beam generator based on shared-aperture metasurface,and the generator consists of a top square metal strip,a middle layer of silica and a metal bottom plate.By changing the position and size of the shared-aperture array,the designed metasurface can generate any number of multi-channel focusing beams at different predicted positions.In addition,the energy intensity of focusing beams can be controlled.The full-wave simulation results show that the metasurface achieves four-channel vortex focused beam generation with different topological charges,and five-,six-,eight-channel focused beam generation with different energy intensities at a frequency of 1 THz,which are in good agreement with the theoretically calculated predictions.This work can provide a new idea for designing the terahertz multichannel devices.

Fast pre-stack multi-channel inversion constrained by seismic reflection features

Classical multi-channel technology can significantly reduce the pre-stack seismic inversion uncertainty, especially for complex geology such as high dipping structures. However, due to the consideration of complex structure or reflection features, the existing multi-channel inversion methods have to adopt the highly time-consuming strategy of arranging seismic data trace-by-trace, limiting its wide application in pre-stack inversion. A fast pre-stack multi-channel inversion constrained by seismic reflection features has been proposed to address this issue. The key to our method is to re-characterize the reflection features to directly constrain the pre-stack inversion through a Hadamard product operator without rearranging the seismic data. The seismic reflection features can reflect the distribution of the stratum reflection interface, and we obtained them from the post-stack profile by searching the shortest local Euclidean distance between adjacent seismic traces. Instead of directly constructing a large-size reflection features constraint operator advocated by the conventional methods, through decomposing the reflection features along the vertical and horizontal direction at a particular sampling point, we have constructed a computationally well-behaved constraint operator represented by the vertical and horizontal partial derivatives. Based on the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) optimization, we have derived a fast algorithm for solving the objective function, including Hadamard product operators. Compared with the conventional reflection features constrained inversion, the proposed method is more efficient and accurate, proved on the Overthrust model and a field data set.

Opportunistic Routing with Multi-Channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery

Due to the scattered nature of the network,data transmission in a dis-tributed Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET)consumes more energy resources(ER)than in a centralized network,resulting in a shorter network lifespan(NL).As a result,we build an Enhanced Opportunistic Routing(EORP)protocol architecture in order to address the issues raised before.This proposed routing protocol goal is to manage the routing cost by employing power,load,and delay to manage the routing energy consumption based on theflooding of control pack-ets from the target node.According to the goal of the proposed protocol techni-que,it is possible to manage the routing cost by applying power,load,and delay.The proposed technique also manage the routing energy consumption based on theflooding of control packets from the destination node in order to reduce the routing cost.Control packet exchange between the target and all the nodes,on the other hand,is capable of having an influence on the overall efficiency of the system.The EORP protocol and the Multi-channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery(MCCND)protocol have been designed to detect the cooperative adja-cent nodes for each node in the routing route as part of the routing path discovery process,which occurs during control packet transmission.While control packet transmission is taking place during the routing path discovery process,the EORP protocol and the Multi-channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery(MCCND)protocol have been designed to detect the cooperative adjacent nodes for each node in the routing.Also included is a simulation of these protocols in order to evaluate their performance across a wide range of packet speeds using Constant Bit Rate(CBR).When the packet rate of the CBR is 20 packets per second,the results reveal that the EORP-MCCND is 0.6 s quicker than the state-of-the-art protocols,according to thefindings.Assuming that the CBR packet rate is 20 packets per second,the EORP-MCCND achieves 0.6 s of End 2 End Delay,0.05 s of Routing Overhead Delay,120 s of Network Lifetime,and 20 J of Energy Consumption efficiency,which is much better than that of the state-of-the-art protocols.

Development of multi-channel observation and inversion for IP electrical sounding method

In order to improve the exploration effect of deep non-ferrous mineral resources, multi-channel observation methods for induced polarization （IP） electrical sounding data and their inversion imaging technology are studied. First of all, four multi-channel observation methods are developed based on conventional IP electrical method, namely three-electrode and four-electrode arrays of unilateral and bilateral current transmitting. Then the maximum smoothness constrained inversion method of the least squares sense for IP electrical sounding data is proposed, and the inversion software is programmed. Finally, the simulation and inversion results of geo-electrical model for the proposed observation methods are analyzed. And the comparison results show that three-electrode array of bilateral current transmitting gives the best result, but the intensity in field work is larger than others; unilateral three-electrode and four-electrode arrays give the better results. Taking detection results and convenience of field exploration work into consideration, these two methods are more suitable for practical application; bilateral observation method of four-electrode array is not suitable for the detection of the steep ore bodies.

Design of multi-channel data acquisition system based on LabVIEW and NI PXI-5105

A data acquisition system based on LabVIEW and NI PXI-5105 is presented for multi-channel data acquisition. It can realize the functions of parameter setting, data acquisition and storage, waveform display and data analysis using LabVIEW and NI-SCOPE device driver. The advantages of the system are that the setting is convenient, the operation is easy, the interface is friendly and the functions are practical. The experiment results show that the system has good stability and high reliability and is a powerful tool for multi-channel data acquisition.

面向涡桨飞机座舱的多通道主动噪声控制算法改进

目前主动噪声控制(ANC)领域应用最广的控制算法是经典FxLMS算法及其改进算法,该类算法在应用于涡桨飞机座舱这类大空间、大范围的噪声控制时,算法的计算量会随着ANC系统通道数的增加而迅速膨胀,算法的实时性难以满足。连续局部迭代FxLMS(SPU-FxLMS)算法有效解决了这一问题,但其收敛性能弱于FxLMS算法,本文针对SPU-FxLMS算法收敛慢的问题进行改进,使得该算法在运行初期能够以较快的速度收敛,在收敛至平稳状态后以低计算量持续运行,并对改进算法进行理论推导和仿真分析。结果表明:该算法在进一步降低计算量的同时,还具有良好的降噪性能和鲁棒性,工程应用前景良好。

一种面向航空发动机的多通道力学参数存储测试系统设计

航空发动机测试技术在航空工业中占据重要地位,而发动机的力学状态正常与否直接决定其工作可靠性。针对航空发动机试验中面临的全新要求,为实现对前端力学参数高速有效的采集分析处理,设计了一种基于FPGA的存储测试系统,该系统运用FPGA内部程序并行处理的特点,将AD采集的前端多达63通道力学传感器数据存入大容量NAND Flash芯片,结合千兆以太网的高速运行,将采集到的数据发送到上位机进行实时处理和进一步分析。现场试验表明,该系统能实时有效地监控发动机状态,数据存储准确可靠性高,确保稳定运行。

基于预训练模型的漏洞信息检索系统研究

[研究目的]威胁情报中漏洞信息是指有关网络、系统、应用程序或供应链中存在的漏洞的信息。目前搜索引擎在漏洞信息检索上存在短板,利用预训练模型来构建漏洞检索系统可以提高检索效率。[研究方法]以公开的漏洞信息作为数据来源,构建了一个问答数据集,对Tiny Bert进行增量预训练。使用模型对于每个查询向量化,并把漏洞信息构建成faiss向量数据库,利用HNSW索引进行多通道和单通道召回检索。然后对模型进行对比学习微调生成双塔和单塔模型,利用双塔召回和单塔精排构建了一个简易的知识检索系统。[研究结论]实验结果表明,预训练模型可以显著地提升检索性能,对比学习微调的双塔模型在构建的漏洞信息测试集中TOP1召回率为92.17%。通过漏洞信息领域的检索实践,对构建威胁情报的检索系统提供了参考。

基于FPGA的多路同步数据采集系统设计

针对传统飞行器采集系统存在通道数量增加和同步采样性能提升间的矛盾,设计了一套以CYCLONE4系列FPGA为主控核心的64通道数据同步采集系统,完善了硬件结构并通过Verilog语言利用FPGA的高并行处理特性对多个并行排列的ADC进行同步控制,结合三级缓存结构实现对数据的可靠缓存和固化,经测试,采集系统的16位A/D的量化误差低于基本噪声的最低水平,满足精度的要求;并且可以实现64通道高同步数据采集,满足系统对同步性的要求。该研究为解决相关领域的实际问题提供了实用性参考。

基于Modelica的并联多通道系统流动不稳定性仿真研究

在核反应堆堆芯并联通道中,流动不稳定性会导致临界热流密度(CHF)明显下降或使堆芯燃料组件产生机械振荡,从而危及反应堆正常运行。为了解决该问题,在参考某高温高压汽水两相热工水力实验装置的基础上,基于NUMAP软件搭建了并联双通道系统模型进行流动不稳定性仿真研究。实验表明,当并联通道数分别为2、3、4时,通过仿真计算相同工况条件下并联多通道系统流动不稳定性边界,流动不稳定性边界计算误差不超过±5%,验证了存在多个并联加热通道时采用并联双通道结构即可获得其流动不稳定边界,证实了该软件对流动不稳定性现象的瞬态分析能力。

管材阵列涡流在线检测系统

为了应对现代的高速工业生产线灵活调参、快速缺陷检出以及小型缺陷探测的要求,设计了一种应用于高速生产线的在线阵列涡流检测系统。系统由以下3个模块组成:涡流激励与信号预处理模块负责生成激励信号并通过检测线圈获取检测信号;数字滤波与增益控制模块通过数字滤波以及增益放大提高信号信噪比;主控模块负责上传检测信号并进行系统控制。阵列涡流检测系统支持4个探头的涡流检测、48~128 dB的增益范围以及150 kHz的信号处理速度,适用于900 m/min的高速管材生产线。涡流检测实验证明该系统具备高灵敏度与高灵活性,能够识别的孔型缺陷的最小直径为0.30 mm。

多通道图神经网络的层次化融合模型用于增强会话的推荐

基于会话的推荐系统(SBR)旨在根据用户历史的行为去预测下一个最有可能点击的项目.一方面由于会话推荐序列较短,可用的信息比较少,另一方面会话推荐多为匿名用户,没有丰富的用户信息,导致无法获得用户历史的交互行为或者用户的偏好,这为SBR带来了挑战.现有基于SBR研究方法大都是将会话序列建模为成对的图结构化数据或者建模为超图结构化数据,这种将会话序列建模为单一图的方法无法捕获更完整的项目转化信息,从而降低模型的准确度.为了充分考虑会话之间的相互影响,本文提出了一种多通道图神经网络的层次化融合模型用于增强会话的推荐(HFMC-SBR).模型首先将会话序列建模为全局图、局部图和超图数据,然后分别使用全局编码层和局部编码层以及超图卷机神经网络来捕获节点之间复杂的依赖性关系,学习3种项目嵌入,进而获得全局、局部以及超图项目表示信息,进而引入3层融合模型将三通道融合形成项目表示获得完整的项目转化信息,同时使用注意力机制和反向位置编码对全局上下文和局部上下文信息以及超图通道捕获的会话之间的高阶关系进行有效的融合.实验表明,本文所提出的模型HFMC-SBR,在Tmall、Diginetica和Yoochoose3种数据集上所表现的性能优于基线模型.

A Single-Sized Metasurface for Image Steganography and Multi-Key Information Encryption

With the escalating flow of information and digital communication,information security has become an increasingly important issue.Traditional cryptographic methods are being threatened by advancing progress in computing,while physical encryption methods are favored as a viable and compelling avenue.Metasurfaces,which are known for their extraordinary ability to manipulate optical parameters at the nanoscale,exhibit significant potential for the revolution of optical devices,making them a highly promising candidate for optical encryption applications.Here,a single-sized metasurface with four independent channels is proposed for conducting steganography and multi-key information encryption.More specifically,plaintext is transformed into a ciphertext image,which is encoded into a metasurface,while the decryption key is discretely integrated into another channel within the same metasurface.Two different keys for steganographic image unveiling are also encoded into the metasurface and can be retrieved with different channels and spatial positions.This distributed multi-key encryption approach can enhance security,while strategically distributing images across distinct spatial zones serves as an additional measure to reduce the risk of information leakage.This minimalist designed metasurface,with its advantages of high information density and robust security,holds promise across applications including portable encryption,high-camouflaged image display,and high-density optical storage.

Blockchain-Enabled Privacy Protection and Access Control Scheme Towards Sensitive Digital Assets Management

With the growth of requirements for data sharing,a novel business model of digital assets trading has emerged that allows data owners to sell their data for monetary gain.In the distributed ledger of blockchain,however,the privacy of stakeholder's identity and the confidentiality of data content are threatened.Therefore,we proposed a blockchainenabled privacy-preserving and access control scheme to address the above problems.First,the multi-channel mechanism is introduced to provide the privacy protection of distributed ledger inside the channel and achieve coarse-grained access control to digital assets.Then,we use multi-authority attribute-based encryption(MAABE)algorithm to build a fine-grained access control model for data trading in a single channel and describe its instantiation in detail.Security analysis shows that the scheme has IND-CPA secure and can provide privacy protection and collusion resistance.Compared with other schemes,our solution has better performance in privacy protection and access control.The evaluation results demonstrate its effectiveness and practicability.

Beamline design for multipurpose muon beams at CSNS EMuS

A new muon beam facility,called the Experimental Muon Source(EMuS),was proposed for construction at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS).The design of the complex muon beamlines for the EMuS baseline scheme,which is based on superconducting solenoids,superferric dipoles and room-temperature magnets,is presented herein.Various muon beams,including surface muons,decay muons and low energy muons,have been developed for multipurpose applications.The optics design and simulation results of the trunk beamline and branch beamlines are presented.With a proton beam power of 25 kW at a standalone target station that consists of a conical graphite target and high-field superconducting solenoids,the muon beam intensity in the trunk beamline varies from 10^(7)/s for surface muons to 10^(10)/s for high-momentum decay muons.And at the endstations,these values vary from 10^(5)/s for surface muons to 10^(8)/s for decay muons.

Parametric study on contact sensors for MASW measurement-based interfacial debonding detection for SCCS

Steel-concrete composite structures(SCCS)have been widely used as primary load-bearing components in large-scale civil infrastructures.As the basis of the co-working ability of steel plate and concrete,the bonding status plays an essential role in guaranteeing the structural performance of SCCS.Accordingly,efficient non-destructive testing(NDT)on interfacial debondings in SCCS has become a prominent research area.Multi-channel analysis of surface waves(MASW)has been validated as an effective NDT technique for interfacial debonding detection for SCCS.However,the feasibility of MASW must be validated using experimental measurements.This study establishes a high-frequency data synchronous acquisition system with 32 channels to perform comparative verification experiments in depth.First,the current sensing approaches for high-frequency vibration and stress waves are summarized.Secondly,three types of contact sensors,namely,piezoelectric lead-zirconate-titanate(PZT)patches,accelerometers,and ultrasonic transducers,are selected for MASW measurement.Then,the selection and optimization of the force hammer head are performed.Comparative experiments are carried out for the optimal selection of ultrasonic transducers,PZT patches,and accelerometers for MASW measurement.In addition,the influence of different pasting methods on the output signal of the sensor array is discussed.Experimental results indicate that optimized PZT patches,acceleration sensors,and ultrasonic transducers can provide efficient data acquisition for MASW-based non-destructive experiments.The research findings in this study lay a solid foundation for analyzing the recognition accuracy of contact MASW measurement using different sensor arrays.