载脂蛋白E敲除(ApoE^(-/-))小鼠整装(whole-mount)主动脉免疫荧光组织化学染色的血管外膜淋巴管成像

目的 探索载脂蛋白E敲除(ApoE^(-/-))小鼠整装(whole-mount)主动脉免疫荧光组织化学染色法显示血管外膜淋巴管的可行性。方法 制备ApoE^(-/-)小鼠整装主动脉,进行淋巴管内皮受体1(LYVE1)、 α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)免疫荧光组织化学染色,染色后组织经5 g/L苏丹黑B处理30 min、组织透明液透明,移至自制的样本容器中,荧光显微镜下成像。结果经5 g/L苏丹黑B处理的整装主动脉可见血管自发荧光显著降低,外膜淋巴管的特异性荧光强度显著增强,更易观察且不会对其他通道荧光产生干扰。结论 建立的ApoE^(-/-)小鼠整装主动脉免疫荧光组织化学染色显示血管外膜淋巴管的方法操作简便,特异性好。

Variation in the surface heat flux on the north and south slopes of Mount Qomolangma

The distinctive conditions present on the north and south slopes of Mount Qomolangma,along with the intricate variations in the underlying surfaces,result in notable variations in the surface energy flux patterns of the two slopes.In this paper,data from TESEBS(Topographical Enhanced Surface Energy Balance System),remote sensing data from eight cloud-free scenarios,and observational data from nine stations are utilized to examine the fluctuations in the surface heat flux on both slopes.The inclusion of MCD43A3 satellite data enhances the surface albedo,contributing to more accurate simulation outcomes.The model results are validated using observational data.The RMSEs of the net radiation,ground heat,sensible heat,and latent heat flux are 40.73,17.09,33.26,and 30.91 W m^(−2),respectively.The net radiation flux is greater on the south slope and exhibits a rapid decline from summer to autumn.Due to the influence of the monsoon,on the north slope,the maximum sensible heat flux occurs in the pre-monsoon period in summer and the maximum latent heat flux occurs during the monsoon.The south slope experiences the highest latent heat flux in summer.The dominant flux on the north slope is sensible heat,while it is latent heat on the south slope.The seasonal variations in the ground heat flux are more pronounced on the south slope than on the north slope.Except in summer,the ground heat flux on the north slope surpasses that on the south slope.

A Hybrid Integrated and Low-Cost Multi-Chip Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier Module for 5G Massive MIMO Application

In this paper,a hybrid integrated broadband Doherty power amplifier(DPA)based on a multi-chip module(MCM),whose active devices are fabricated using the gallium nitride(GaN)process and whose passive circuits are fabricated using the gallium arsenide(GaAs)integrated passive device(IPD)process,is proposed for 5G massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)application.An inverted DPA structure with a low-Q output network is proposed to achieve better bandwidth performance,and a single-driver architecture is adopted for a chip with high gain and small area.The proposed DPA has a bandwidth of 4.4-5.0 GHz that can achieve a saturation of more than 45.0 dBm.The gain compression from 37 dBm to saturation power is less than 4 dB,and the average power-added efficiency(PAE)is 36.3%with an 8.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)in 4.5-5.0 GHz.The measured adjacent channel power ratio(ACPR)is better than50 dBc after digital predistortion(DPD),exhibiting satisfactory linearity.

The Applicability and Productiveness of a Systematic Literature Review Methodology in Volcanology Research: Case of the Magma Pathway at the Mount Cameroon Volcano

The presented research illustrates the applicability and productiveness of the systematic literature review methodology, a non-empirical methodology in the geological sciences, particularly volcanology. The systematic literature review methodology is a replicable, rigorous, and transparent methodology for synthesizing existing literature to answer questions on a specific topic. The synthesis allows for knowledge consolidation, such as identifying knowledge gaps. In our illustration of this methodology, we focused on the expanding knowledge about the magma pathway at Mount Cameroon, one of Africa’s active volcanoes. Our synthesis of the relevant international geoscience research literature is based on the framework of knowledge about the magma pathway beneath a typical basaltic volcano. The framework has three primary components: magma supply, storage, and transport to erupting vents. Across these components is a total of twelve secondary components. The result is a previously non-existent and fragmented overall understanding of the magma pathway at Mount Cameroon. The gaps in the understanding (such as in the magma supply rates, timescales of chamber processes, and magma ascent rates) may be addressed in future research. Another key implication of the presented research lies in the proof of concept of the systematic literature review methodology as an applicable qualitative research methodology in the study of volcanoes.

Evaluation of periglacial landforms and formation of soil properties on the Mount Honaz,SW Türkiye

The main aim of this study is to explain periglacial processes on the summits of Mount Honaz(2571 m a.s.l.),define periglacial landforms,and determine the relationships between morphometric features and topographic factors.Mud circles,stony earth circles,non sorted steps,and non sorted stripes were identified on the summits of Mount Honaz.Pearson's correlation coefficient(r)and linear regression analyses were performed by taking metric measurements from 125 periglacial landforms to describe their morphometric features(length,width,height)of periglacial landforms and explain the relationships between them and topographic factors(elevation,slope).To explain the relationships between periglacial landforms and soil properties,soil samples from 11 periglacial landforms were taken and analysed.Periglacial landforms,which continue to develop on the summits of Mount Honaz today,have been evaluated with present climate data.Analysis of soil samples indicates a notable impact of parent material on the genesis of periglacial landforms.The high ratio of organic matter in mud circle and non sorted step landforms and the high lime ratio in stony earth circle landforms prove a strong relationship between the formation mechanisms of landforms and the soil properties.Furthermore,it is consistent with the findings obtained from the analysis that severe periglacial processes and washing and scavenging events are experienced more on the northern slopes.

Volcanic Risk Perception and Coping Strategies from Mounts Cameroon and Nyiragongo Eruptions, Central Africa: A Comparative Analysis

Approximately 2,000,000 people are exposed to volcanic risks in communities situated at the flanks of Mounts Cameroon (MC) and Nyiragongo (MN) volcanoes in Central Africa. This study therefore sought to investigate risk perception from four previous eruptions of MC, namely the 1959, 1982, 1999, and 2000 eruptions;and two previous eruptions of MN: 1977 and 2002. The study was initiated with co-design workshops held with major stakeholders in the cities of Buea and Goma at the flanks of MC and MN, respectively, in 2017, to develop the research objectives for the study. A non-random questionnaire survey was later conducted within 14 and 15 communities in Buea and Goma respectively, on the effects, perceived risks, and coping strategies for the chosen eruptions. Three age groups (18 - 30, 31 - 45 and >45 years) and gender (male and female) were considered. The population at the flanks of both volcanoes cited scientific and indigenous factors to be responsible for eruptions from these volcanoes. At MC and MN, ≥45% of the sampled participants (with a higher female population) perceived that the sampled eruptions posed a very high risk to the population. In terms of the effects, the age group of 18 - 30 was the least knowledgeable. In terms of direct effect on persons, over 90% of participants at MC and MN attested that they were overcome by fear/panic. On measures to cope with any likely eruption, the following order was established at the flanks of both volcanoes: sensitization of population, use of religious (prayers) and of traditional/indigenous strategies. In terms of future coping strategies, while the males at MC maintained sensitization as the favourite option, 62% of the males at MN opted for traditional/indigenous strategies. The female population at both MC and MN showed a higher preference for religious strategies like prayers.

GO WEST TO THE HOMETOWN OF MOUNT QOMOLANGMA

Lakes that resemble mirrors and jade,ancient temples,and Mount Qomolangma soaring into the clouds...If you want to experience the unique folk culture of Xizang,you can head west to Xigaze,the hometown of Mount Qomolangma.

C-mount封装不同激光器芯片尺寸的热阻分析

采用波长漂移法对基于C-mount封装类型的不同尺寸芯片的热阻进行测量,得到了使热阻最小的最佳芯片尺寸和铟焊料厚度。测量结果表明,在铟焊料厚度为10μm、输出功率为2 W、条宽为200μm、腔长为2 000μm时,激光器芯片的热阻最小值为2.01℃/W。在铟焊料厚度为5μm和10μm两种条件下,对腔长为2 000μm的不同条宽的激光器芯片的热阻进行了测量,在铟焊料厚度为5μm时,激光器芯片的热阻由原来的2.01℃/W降到了1.85℃/W。

Planning and Countermeasures for the Safeguarding of World Heritage in Mount Longhu,Jiangxi Province of China

Aesthetic value,scientific research value and ecological protection value of world heritage in Mount Longhu,Jiangxi Province was analyzed.And the urgency of protecting Danxia landform was clarified from the perspective of influence brought by tourism development,population explosion,economic development and natural disasters.Planning and management agencies and relevant policy support for the safeguarding of world heritage in Mount Longhu,Jiangxi Province were expounded,as well as protective strategies for different zones and grades according to their scientific research value and protection value.Training for the protection and management of Mount Longhu,and local residents' participation in the training were introduced.Finally,suggestions for the heritage protection in Mount Longhu were given:project construction and management should be stressed,operation activities standardized,ticket management for the Longhu World Heritage improved,and the sustainable development persisted in.

Study on Over-urbanization of the Ecotone between Mount Tai and Tai'an City

By investigating the ecotone between Mount Tai Scenic Area and downtown area of Tai'an City,the characteristics of such an ecotone are analyzed,serious problems brought by the over-urbanization to local natural environment,such as destruction of eco-environment,aggravated pollution and degradation of mountainous landscape resources are studied.Then countermeasures for the harmonious development of the ecotone are proposed to better promote the coordinated development of cities and mountainous scenic areas.

Passive Magnetorheological Fluid Filled Hydraulic Engine Mount

Using magnetorheological (MR) fluids in hydraulic engine mount for damping vehicle noise and vibration is opposed firstly, the structure of passive type and its mechanical model are described. The analysis of the experimental data show that the dynamic characteristics of MR mount such as dynamic stiffness and loss angles vary distinctly as the excitation frequency, and MR fluids as one type of attracting controllable fluids are fit for hydraulic engine mounts. The author advises to work out potentialities of MR fluids, the semi control or active control MR fluids filled hydraulic engine mount must be developed.

The ideal landscape and its ecological planning approach in Mount Lushan National Park,China

This paper described the main four basic models of ideal landscape in the Mount Lushan National Park as Kunlunshan model, Xumishan model, Peach flower land model, Christian model. Five typical places in Mount Lushan with the ideal landscape characteristics like the East Grove Temple, White Deer Cave Academy, Simplicity and Tranquility Monastery, Lushan Valley, and Villa-cluster of the East Valley were analyzed, and the integration of the basic models for each place was discussed to make the realistic landscape conform to the ideal needs. Moreover, the discussions also involved the characteristics of ideal landscape that are featured in resource, culture, structure, function, process, scale and region. In conclusion, ideal landscape in the Mount Lushan National Park was the product of the interaction between human and nature. Mount Lushan inherits the essence of Chinese traditional culture with a history of more than 1000 years; and it also absorbs the manna of the Western culture as well as the exchanges between nature and humanities together with the conflict and adaptation among different cultures. The natural landscape could be satisfied with the survival demand and cultural taste of mankind by the way of ecological planning.

STUDY ON VIBRATION REDUCTION BEHAVIOR FOR THE HYDRAULIC ENGINE MOUNT

In this paper,the metal hydraulic engine mount (HEM) with the orifice is presented,the construction of HEM is consist of hydraulic cylinder and the spring on the bottom,its mechanical model is given and dynamics equations are set up with considering kinematics conditions and continuous of fluid,the dynamics behavior of HEM including dynamic stiffness of fluid and transferability of HEM are studied here.The example of hydraulic engine mount is calculated,it is shown that the vibration reduction performance of the hydraulic engine mount of this paper is better.The analysis method of vibration reduction behavior for HEM in this paper can be used in designing of the reduction vibration devices and the HEM in this paper can be used in the practical engineering for reduction vibration.

澳大利亚北部Mount Isa型铅-锌-银矿成矿模型

澳大利亚的Pb-Zn-Ag矿床主要有4种成矿类型:(1)Mount Isa型,它含有澳大利亚56%的锌,(2)Broken Hill型,它含有澳大利亚19%的锌,(3)火山控制的硫化物矿床型,它含有澳大利亚12%的锌,(4)密西西比河谷型,它占有澳大利亚8%的锌。在澳大利亚北部则主要以Mount Isa型、Broken Hill型和密西西比河谷型为主。Mount Isa型是其中最重要的一类。

基于C-mount封装的半导体激光器热特性模拟分析

通过对半导体激光器热特性以及散热方式的理论分析,建立了C-mount封装半导体激光器的物理散热模型,针对其在稳态工作条件下的热特性,利用ANSYS有限元软件进行了模拟分析,对ANSYS自建模与外部导入两种建模方式进行分析,发现自建模方式更加精确。通过改变C-mount热沉的厚度,得到了芯片温度的变化规律,并从热流的角度进行分析。最后,通过引入导热性能良好的金刚石膜与石墨烯膜,设计了一种较为理想的复式散热结构。

Conceptual design of automobile engine rubber mounting composite using TRIZ-Morphological chart-analytic network process technique

An engine rubber mounting is one of the important parts of a vehicle. It is a function to isolate or absorb and to reduce vibration to the vehicle body thus to the passenger itself. Due to the engine compartments environment such as heat and massive vibration due to road conditions, the engine rubber mountings lifespan has been reduced. Thus several studies have been conducted to upgrade the material lifespan to make it more reliable and better engine mounting components. This paper presents the conceptual design of kenaf fiber polymer as automotive engine rubber mounting composites using the integration of Theory of Inventive Problem Solving(TRIZ). In this early stage, the solution is generated using 40 inventive principles and TRIZ contradiction method. The solution parameter for the specific design character is the selected using the morphological chart to develop a systematic conceptual design for the component. Four(4) innovative design concepts were produced and Analytic Network Process(ANP)methods were utilized to perform the multi-criteria decision-making process of selecting the best concept design for the polymer composite engine rubber mounting component.

Decoupling Analysis for a Powertrain Mounting System with a Combination of Hydraulic Mounts

The existing torque roll axis(TRA) decoupling theories for a powertrain mounting system assume that the stiffness and viscous damping properties are constant. However, real-life mounts exhibit considerable spectrally varying stiffness and damping characteristics, and the influence of the spectrally-varying properties of the hydraulic mounts on the powertrain system cannot be ignored. To overcome the deficiency, an analytical quasi-linear model of the hydraulic mount and the coupled properties of the powertrain and hydraulic mounts system are formulated. The influence of the hydraulic mounts on the TRA decoupling of a powertrain system is analytically examined in terms of eigensolutions, frequency, and impulse responses, and then a new analytical axiom is proposed based on the TRA decoupling indices. With the experimental setup of a fixed decoupler hydraulic mount in the context of non-resonant dynamic stiffness testing procedure, the quasi-linear model of the hydraulic mount is verified by comparing the predictions with the measurement. And the quasi-linear formulation of the coupled system is also verified by comparing the frequency responses with the numerical results obtained by the direct inversion method. Finally, the mounting system with a combination of hydraulic mounts is redesigned in terms of the stiffness, damping and mount locations by satisfying the new axiom. The frequency and time domain results of the redesigned system demonstrate that the torque roll axis of the redesigned powertrain mounting system is indeed decoupled in the presence of hydraulic mounts (given oscillating torque or impulsive torque excitation). The proposed research provides an important basis and method for the research on a powertrain system with spectrally-varying mount properties, especially for the TRA decoupling.

Optimization Design and Performance Analysis of Vehicle Powertrain Mounting System

The design strategies for powertrain mounting systems play an important role in the reduction of vehicular vibration and noise. As stiffness and damping elements connecting the transmission system and vehicle body, the rubber mount exhibits better vibration isolation performance than the rigid connection. This paper presents a complete design process of the mounting system, including the vibration decoupling, vibration simulation analysis, topology optimization, and experimental verification. Based on the 6?degrees?of?freedom vibration coupling model of the powertrain mounting system, an optimization algorithm is used to extract the best design parameters of each mount, thus rendering the mounting system fully decoupled and the natural frequency well configured, and the optimal parameters are used to design the mounting system. Subsequently, vibration simulation analysis is applied to the mounting system, considering both transmission and road excitations. According to the results of finite element analysis, the topological structure of the metal frame of the front mount is optimized to improve the strength and dynamic characteristics of the mounting system. Finally, the vibration bench test is used to verify the availability of the optimization design with the analysis of acceleration response and vibration transmissibility of the mounting system. The results show that the vibration isolation performance of the mounting system can be improved effectively using the vibration optimal decoupling method, and the structural modification of the metal frame can well promote the dynamic characteristics of the mounting system.

Simulating the Effects of the 1991 Mount Pinatubo Volcanic Eruption Using the ARPEGE Atmosphere General Circulation Model

The climate changes that occured following the volcanic eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Phillippines on 15 June 1991 have been simulated using the ARPEGE atmosphere general circulation model （AGCM）. The model was forced by a reconstructed spatial-time distribution of stratospheric aerosols intended for use in long climate simulations. Four statistical ensembles of the AGCM simulations with and without volcanic aerosols over a period of 5 years following the eruption have been made, and the calculated fields have been compared to available observations. The model is able to reproduce some of the observed features after the eruption, such as the winter warming pattern that was observed over the Northern Hemisphere （NH） during the following winters. This pattern was caused by an enhanced Equator-to-pole temperature gradient in the stratosphere that developed due to aerosol heating of the tropics. This in turn led to a strengthening of the polar vortex, which tends to modulate the planetary wave field in such a way that an anomalously positive Arctic Oscillation pattern is produced in the troposphere and at the surface, favouring warm conditions over the NH. During the summer, the model produced a more uniform cooling over the NH.

The Impact of Grazing on Plant Natural Regeneration in Northern Slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania

Livestock grazing is considered to be of great ecological importance in terrestrial ecosystems if sustained at acceptable levels. Overgrazing has ecological ramifications which lead to degradation of the ecosystem. This has become a problem in many parts of Tanzania. A study was conducted in Northen Slopes of Mount Kilimajaro in order to examine the impact of grazing on natural regeneration of the grazed vegetation. This paper is guided by the hypothesis that the species richness, species diversity and density of regenerants vary across grazing intensities. The study area was divided into four zones as per grazing intensity namely heavily grazed areas, moderately grazed, least grazed and ungrazed areas. Ten rectangular quadrats of 20 m × 25 m were established in each zone, making a total of 40 quadrats in the entire study area. A stratified random sampling procedure was used in locating quadrats in each zone of grazing intensity whereby two subquadrats of 2 m × 5 m were nested in bigger quadrats. Natural regeneration was assessed in terms of species diversity and density of seedlings, saplings and poles. Results indicate that species regeneration varied among areas with different grazing intensity. The variations of seedlings and saplings density among areas with different grazing intensity were statistically significant. The species diversity of regenerants differed significantly among areas with different grazing intensity. Keeping the grazing intensity at low and moderate levels will stimulate more plant growth and diversity as opposed to heavy grazing which will lead to vegetation retrogression.