Classification research of TCM pulse conditions based on multi-label voice analysis

Objective:To explore the feasibility of remotely obtaining complex information on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)pulse conditions through voice signals.Methods: We used multi-label pulse conditions as the entry point and modeled and analyzed TCM pulse diagnosis by combining voice analysis and machine learning.Audio features were extracted from voice recordings in the TCM pulse condition dataset.The obtained features were combined with information from tongue and facial diagnoses.A multi-label pulse condition voice classification DNN model was built using 10-fold cross-validation,and the modeling methods were validated using publicly available datasets.Results: The analysis showed that the proposed method achieved an accuracy of 92.59%on the public dataset.The accuracies of the three single-label pulse manifestation models in the test set were 94.27%,96.35%,and 95.39%.The absolute accuracy of the multi-label model was 92.74%.Conclusion: Voice data analysis may serve as a remote adjunct to the TCM diagnostic method for pulse condition assessment.

Analysis of Optimization for Preliminary Design of Multi-Component Mooring Systems

Multi-component mooring systems become widely used in deep water position-keeping of drilling and production platforms. However, versatile materials make it difficult to design appropriate mooring lines made of several segments. Based on catenary equations of a multi-component mooring line at a specific water depth, this paper establishes a minimum model for designing this kind of lines. The model is solved by Genetic Algorithm and Multi-Objective Planning respectively. The model is verified by its application to a practical mooring design assignment—a quasi-static analysis for a large semi-submersible. The optimal result is finally obtained with the aid of design graphs.

Visual Analysis of Application and Development Trend of Agarwood Based on CiteSpace

The Chinese traditional medicine,agarwood,is a commonly used medicine for regulating qi,which has many clinical applications because of its unique curative effect.In this study,CiteSpace software was used to visually analyze the application and development trend of agarwood in the literature from CNKI website in the period of 2007-2022.The analysis results showed that the research on agarwood has basically formed core groups of authors,and universities and their affiliated hospitals are main publishing institutions.Moreover,in this study,several research directions of agarwood were also summarized,including clinical research,chemical composition,structural identification and quality standards,showing that agarwood has rich and flexible application prospects in many aspects.On this basis,several suggestions were put forward:strengthening the cooperation between universities and research institutes and building a scientific research cooperation community,and promoting the combination of clinical research and laboratory research.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the research on the relationship between TCM constitution type and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Objective:Through literature research,the distribution of TCM constitution of nonalcoholic fatty liver(NAFLD)was discussed,the common constitution types of the disease were determined,and medical evidence was provided for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD by traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:The literatures on the correlation between NAFLD and TCM constitution published in domestic journals from the database establishment to April 2020 were searched with"non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and TCM constitution"as the search term,and screening,quality evaluation and data extraction were conducted according to the na exclusion criteria.Statistical software stata16.0 was used for meta analysis of the included literature.Results:Sixteen studies were included.The results showed that the proportions of TCM constitution types and 95%CI of NAFLD patients were phlegm-dampness0.28(0.24,0.31),moisture-heat0.16(0.13,0.20),qi-asthenia0.13(0.10,0.16),qi-stagnation0.11(0.06,0.17),qi-stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),yi-stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),yi--stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),blood stasis0.07(0.04,0.08),yang-asthenia0.06(0.04,0.08),and special report 0.02(0.01,0.02).Conclusion:The common constitution types of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver are phlegm-dam-pness,damp-heat,q-asthenia,and mild,especially phlegm-dampness,which are most closely related to nonalcoholic fatty liver.

Systematic review and meta analysis of the TCM therapy of Fuzheng and Kangai combined with chemotherapy in treating advanced NSCLC

Objective:To systematically evaluate TCM of Fuzheng and Kangai combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of Advanced NSCLC,including the efficacy and effect on the quality of life of patients.Methods:Two researchers independently searched the literature of clinical trails from Jan.2010 until Jun.2020 in the Cochrane Library,Pubmed,Embase,CBM,CNKI,WanFang Data and VIP database.Also,they had been evaluated and extracted strictly by REVMAN 5.3.Results:A total of 1303 patients were included in 15 articles.The meta analysis shows that the TCM of Fuzheng and Kangai combined with chemotherapy can improve the objective response rate[OR=2.14,95%CI(1.67,2.74),P<0.00001],disease control rate[OR=2.54,95%CI(1.88,3.42),P<0.00001]and KPS score[OR=3.28,95%CI(1.92,5.60),P<0.0001],decrease the incidence rate of liver injury[OR=0.34,95%CI(0.21,0.54),P=0.003],hemoglobin reduction[OR=0.53,95%CI(0.28,1.01),P=0.05],leukopenia[OR=0.22,95%CI(0.13,0.39),P<0.00001],thrombocytopenia[OR=0.32,95%CI(0.21,0.50),P<0.00001],toxic effects on the digestive systems[OR=0.30,95%CI(0.19,0.46),P<0.00001].Conclusions:the experimental group was better than control one in short-term efficacy and KPS score.Furthermore,the experimental group can reduce the incidence rate of myelosuppression,toxicity of digestive system and liver.

Economic analysis in product design——A case study of a TCM dietary supplement

An approach for the economic analysis of chemical product design is proposed. It takes into account of customers' preference on product quality and economic considerations such as pricing, profit, market share, capital investment, and operating cost. The activities needed to support business decision making – identifying product quality, estimating product cost, calculating financial metrics, and performing make–buy analysis – are discussed.The design of a Ganoderma lucidum dietary supplement, a traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM) product, is used to illustrate all the activities in this approach.

Analysis of the features of TCM and western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism characteristics

The diagnosis and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism are summarized by reviewing the related English and Chinese literature, the comparative analysis of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medicine in the understanding of subclinical hypothyroidism, the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, the patterns addition to the therapeutic hypothyroidism, with a pr and the clinical manifestation in principle and drugs of subclinical ospect of providing insight in the clinical treatment of the disease.

SWOT Analysis and Countermeasures Study on TCM Industry in Hainan Free Trade Port

Objective To study the status of the Hainan’s traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)industry and propose countermeasures to promote the construction of Hainan’s modern TCM industry against the background of Hainan Free Trade Port construction,thus transforming the TCM industry into a modern TCM industry.Methods Sociology method and SWOT model in strategic management were used to analyze the current situation of the Hainan TCM industry.Results and Conclusion By using sociological methods(field investigation,policy research,and exchange interviews)and adopting the SWOT model in strategic management,and the current situation of the Hainan TCM industry was clarified,such as strength and weakness,opportunities and threat,thus nine suggestions were put forward for the construction of Hainan modern TCM industry.

Applications of HPLC/MS in the analysis of traditional Chinese medicines

In China, traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） have been used in clinical applications for thousands of years. The successful hyphenation of high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and mass spectrometry （MS） has been applied widely in TCMs and biological samples analysis. Undoubtedly, HPLC/MS technique has facilitated the understanding of the treatment mechanism of TCMs. We reviewed more than 350 published papers within the last 5 years on HPLC/MS in the analysis of TCMs. The present review focused on the applications of HPLC/MS in the component analysis, metabolites analysis, and pharmacokinetics of TCMs etc. 50% of the literature is related to the component analysis of TCMs, which show that this field is the most popular type of research. In the metabolites analysis, HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry has been demonstrated to be the powerful tool for the characterization of structural features and fragmentation behavior patterns. This paper presented a brief overview of the applications of HPLC/MS in the analysis of TCMs. HPLC/MS in the fingerprint analysis is reviewed elsewhere.

Dynamic probabilistic design technique for multi-component system with multi-failure modes

For unacceptable computational efficiency and accuracy on the probabilistic analysis of multi-component system with multi-failure modes,this paper proposed multi-extremum response surface method(MERSM).MERSM model was established based on quadratic polynomial function by taking extremum response surface model as the sub-model of multi-response surface method.The dynamic probabilistic analysis of an aeroengine turbine blisk with two components,and their reliability of deformation and stress failures was obtained,based on thermal-structural coupling technique,by considering the nonlinearity of material parameters and the transients of gas flow,gas temperature and rotational speed.The results show that the comprehensive reliability of structure is 0.9904 when the allowable deformations and stresses of blade and disk are 4.78×10–3 m and 1.41×109 Pa,and 1.64×10–3 m and 1.04×109 Pa,respectively.Besides,gas temperature and rotating speed severely influence the comprehensive reliability of system.Through the comparison of methods,it is shown that the MERSM holds higher computational precision and speed in the probabilistic analysis of turbine blisk,and MERSM computational precision satisfies the requirement of engineering design.The efforts of this study address the difficulties on transients and multiple models coupling for the dynamic probabilistic analysis of multi-component system with multi-failure modes.

Peak earthquake response of structures under multi-component excitations

Accurate estimation of the peak seismic responses of structures is important in earthquake resistant design. The internal force distributions and the seismic responses of structures are quite complex, since ground motions are multidirectional. One key issue is the uncertainty of the incident angle between the directions of ground motion and the reference axes of the structure. Different assumed seismic incidences can result in different peak values within the scope of design spectrum analysis for a given structure and earthquake ground motion record combination. Using time history analysis to determine the maximum structural responses excited by a given earthquake record requires repetitive calculations to determine the critical incident angle. This paper presents a transformation approach for relatively accurate and rapid determination of the maximum peak responses of a linear structure subjected to three-dimensional excitations within all possible seismic incident angles. The responses can be deformations, internal forces, strains and so on. An irregular building structure model is established using SAP2000 program. Several typical earthquake records and an artificial white noise are applied to the structure model to illustrate the variation of the maximum structural responses for different incident angles. Numerical results show that for many structural parameters, the variation can be greater than 100%. This method can be directly applied to time history analysis of structures using existing computer software to determine the peak responses without carrying out the analyses for all possible incident angles. It can also be used to verify and/or modify aseismic designs by using response spectrum analysis.

Reliability analysis for aeroengine turbine disc fatigue life with multiple random variables based on distributed collaborative response surface method

The fatigue life of aeroengine turbine disc presents great dispersion due to the randomness of the basic variables,such as applied load,working temperature,geometrical dimensions and material properties.In order to ameliorate reliability analysis efficiency without loss of reliability,the distributed collaborative response surface method(DCRSM) was proposed,and its basic theories were established in this work.Considering the failure dependency among the failure modes,the distributed response surface was constructed to establish the relationship between the failure mode and the relevant random variables.Then,the failure modes were considered as the random variables of system response to obtain the distributed collaborative response surface model based on structure failure criterion.Finally,the given turbine disc structure was employed to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the presented method.Through the comparison of DCRSM,Monte Carlo method(MCM) and the traditional response surface method(RSM),the results show that the computational precision for DCRSM is more consistent with MCM than RSM,while DCRSM needs far less computing time than MCM and RSM under the same simulation conditions.Thus,DCRSM is demonstrated to be a feasible and valid approach for improving the computational efficiency of reliability analysis for aeroengine turbine disc fatigue life with multiple random variables,and has great potential value for the complicated mechanical structure with multi-component and multi-failure mode.

Online pharmaceutical process analysis of Chinese medicine using a miniature mass spectrometer: Extraction of active ingredients as an example

The automation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)pharmaceuticals has driven the development of process analysis from offline to online.Most of common online process analytical technologies are based on spectroscopy,making the identification and quantification of specific ingredients still a challenge.Herein,we developed a quality control(QC)system for monitoring TCM pharmaceuticals based on paper spray ionization miniature mass spectrometry(mini-MS).It enabled real-time online qualitative and quantitative detection of target ingredients in herbal extracts using mini-MS without chromatographic separation for the first time.Dynamic changes of alkaloids in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(Fuzi)during decoction were used as examples,and the scientific principle of Fuzi compatibility was also investigated.Finally,the system was verified to work stably at the hourly level for pilot-scale extraction.This mini-MS based online analytical system is expected to be further developed for QC applications in a wider range of pharmaceutical processes.

Visual analysis of research hotspots and trends in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia with traditional Chinese medicine

Objective Through bibliometrics and visual analysis of the related studies on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment of immune thrombocytopenia(ITP),this study aims to sort out the overall research progress,hotspots,and trends in this field,and provide reference for further research in ITP.Methods The articles on ITP treated by TCM were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),Web of Science Core Collection(WOSCC),and PubMed.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to July 31,2022.VOSviewer,CiteSpace,Carrot2,and Note-Express were used for data analysis of the articles in terms of their quantities,types,and journals,and for visualization of research hotspots,authors,institutions,and keywords.Results 1493 Chinese articles and 40 English articles were included.The articles in Chinese mainly focus on clinical trial research and clinical experience summary,while the English articles mainly focus on clinical trial research and animal research.The Chinese articles were published in 317 Chinese journals,while English articles were published in 29 English journals.Research hotspots include the clinical syndrome differentiation of ITP,the therapeutic effect of TCM compounds on ITP,and the mechanism of ITP treatment.Keyword analysis shows that there are many research achievements in integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment,clinical research,famous doctors’experience,TCM treatment,cellular immunity,and humoral immunity.The authors with the most articles in Chinese and English are Professor CHEN Xinyi and Professor MA Rou,respectively,and the research institutions with the most articles are Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.Chinese herbs often used to treat ITP clinically include Xianhecao(Agrimoniae Herba),Nvzhenzi(Ligustri Lucidi Fructus),Mohanlian(Ecliptae Herba),Zhongjiefeng(Sarcandrae Herba),etc.,and the prescription usually used to treat ITP include Guipi Decoction(归脾汤),Xijiao Dihuang Decoction(犀角地黄汤),Bazhen Decoction(八珍汤),Erzhi Pill(二至丸),and Xiaochaihu De-coction(小柴胡汤).The main development trends toward retrospective study,TCM treatment mechanism,and data mining.

A meta-analysis of the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver by soothing the liver and strengthening the spleen

Objective:Through literature research,the distribution of TCM constitution of nonalcoholic fatty liver(NAFLD)was discussed,the common constitution types of the disease were determined,and medical evidence was provided for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD by traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:The literatures on the correlation between NAFLD and TCM constitution published in domestic journals from the database establishment to April 2020 were searched with"non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and TCM constitution"as the search term,and screening,quality evaluation and data extraction were conducted according to the na exclusion criteria.Statistical software stata16.0 was used for meta analysis of the included literature.Results:Sixteen studies were included.The results showed that the proportions of TCM constitution types and 95%CI of NAFLD patients were phlegm-dampness0.28(0.24,0.31),moisture-heat0.16(0.13,0.20),qi-asthenia0.13(0.10,0.16),qi-stagnation0.11(0.06,0.17),qi-stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),yi-stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),yi--stagnation0.08(0.06,0.10),blood stasis0.07(0.04,0.08),yang-asthenia0.06(0.04,0.08),and special report 0.02(0.01,0.02).Conclusion:The common constitution types of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver are phlegm-dam-pness,damp-heat,q-asthenia and mild,especially phlegm-dampness,which are most closely related to nonalcoholic fatty liver.

Hierarchical Symbolic Analysis of Large Analog Circuits with Totally Coded Method

Symbolic analysis has many applications in the design of analog circuits. Existing approaches rely on two forms of symbolic-expression representation: expanded sum-of-product form and arbitrarily nested form. Expanded form suffers the problem that the number of product terms grows exponentially with the size of a circuit. Nested form is neither canonical nor amenable to symbolic manipulation. In this paper, we present a new approach to exact and canonical symbolic analysis by exploiting the sparsity and sharing of product terms. This algorithm, called totally coded method (TCM), consists of representing the symbolic determinant of a circuit matrix by code series and performing symbolic analysis by code manipulation. We describe an efficient code-ordering heuristic and prove that it is optimum for ladder-structured circuits. For practical analog circuits, TCM not only covers all advantages of the algorithm via determinant decision diagrams (DDD) but is more simple and efficient than DDD method.

Analysis on the medication rule of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19 patients

Objective: To describe patterns of utilization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods: Adult patients with COVID-19 who received TCM treatment were divided into a non-serious group(mild and moderate types) and a serious group(severe and critical types) according to their admission conditions. The medical records and prescriptions of these patients were investigated to determine their TCM utilization patterns.Results: In all, 3,872 COVID-19 patients were included. Oral Chinese traditional patent medicine(CPM) was the most commonly used type of TCM(83.2%), fol owed by decoction(64.4%). As for medication pattern, the proportion of multi-drug combinations was higher than single drug use(55.0% vs. 45.0%). Decoction combined with oral CPM was the most common combination(39.1%,1,514/3,872). Oral y administered, injected, and external y applied CPM were significantly more common in the serious group than in the non-serious, while decoction and non-drug TCM treatments were more common in the non-serious than in the serious group.Multi-drug combinations were used for the majority of patients in both groups, mainly in the form of decoction combined with oral CPM.Serious patients were analysed by three groups of different prognoses and outcomes, including discharged after improvement,discharged after relapse and improvement, died final y. The two most common medication patterns were decoction combined with oral CPM and oral CPM alone in the two final y discharged groups. Oral CPM alone or used in combination with injected CPM were seen most commonly in the death group. Significant differences were established in medication patterns among patients in these three groups.Conclusions: Oral CPM was the mainly used TCM for COVID-19 patients, followed by decoction. More common medication pattern was multi-drug combination, especially decoction combined with oral CPM. The treatment measures and medication patterns of TCM commonly used in COVID-19 patients with the range of conditions found in this study should be further explored in the future to provide a more complete reference for COVID-19 treatment.

基于主成分分析和聚类分析的中央型气道恶性肿瘤中医证候研究

目的分析中央型气道恶性肿瘤的中医证候特点,探索其中医证型分布规律。方法收集298例中央型气道恶性肿瘤患者的中医四诊信息,运用主成分分析法,结合证候要素判定标准,确定此病中医证候要素特点;再应用系统聚类分析法,对条目进行聚类分析,探索此病中医证候分布规律。结果中央型气道恶性肿瘤的证候要素主要为痰浊、气虚、痰热、血瘀和湿热。聚类分析结果显示,其中医分型以痰热初起证占比(35.6%)最多,其余依次为痰热兼有肺肾气虚证(33.6%)、脾肾阳虚证(5.3%)、寒湿兼有瘀血证(4.0%)。结论中央型气道恶性肿瘤的病位主要在肺,病性属虚实夹杂、本虚标实,临床辨证可分为痰热初起证、痰热兼有肺肾气虚证、肺气阴两虚证、脾肾阳虚证、寒湿兼有瘀血证,其中以痰热初起证、痰热兼有肺肾气虚证占比较高。

儿童中医体质与血脂代谢的相关性:基于浦东新区儿童青少年生长发育及健康队列

背景随着社会高速发展,儿童血脂异常检出率逐步上升。目前针对儿童亚健康运用中医体质辨识的数据较少,缺乏临床关联性数据分析。目的观察儿童中医体质与血脂代谢的变化趋势,分析两者间的相关性,为后续连续监测研究提供相关依据。方法本研究数据来源于浦东新区儿童青少年生长发育及健康队列(SCAHC),选取上海市浦东新区2080名健康小学生(二年级、三年级)为研究对象,采用上海中医药大学自主研发的“昭明系统”收集学生2021年及2022年体质信息,中医体质辨识根据人体面色、舌象、症状体征、问卷信息等将儿童分为脾虚质、平和质、气郁质、虚热质、实热质5种体质(偏颇体质指除平和质外所有具有偏向的体质),抽血采集其三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)血脂四项信息。分析并比较不同性别儿童血脂异常率以及不同年龄、性别中医体质分布特点及转变情况。采用多因素Logistic回归分析法探讨中医体质与血脂异常的相关性。结果2080名儿童中男1122名(53.9%)、女958名(46.1%),平均年龄为(8.18±0.39)岁;血脂异常儿童522名,血脂异常率为25.09%,其中男272名(52.1%),女250名(47.9%)。2021年儿童中医体质中平和质815名(39.2%),偏颇体质1265名(60.8%);2022年儿童中医体质中平和质764名(36.7%),偏颇体质1316名(63.3%);2021年与2022年儿童中医体质分布比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=106.28,P<0.001)。男童的偏颇体质检出率高于女童(χ^(2)_(2021年)=14.073,P<0.001;χ^(2)_(2022年)=20.090,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析排除性别、年龄等人口学影响因素后结果显示,儿童HDL-C升高是平和质(OR=1.624,95%CI=1.258~2.097,P<0.001)、虚热质(OR=0.654,95%CI=0.499~0.858,P=0.002)发生的影响因素。结论观察SCAHC队列儿童中医体质与血脂代谢变化趋势后发现,儿童HDL-C升高可促进平和质的发生,抑制虚热质的发生。

我国中医药资源研究现状、热点及展望

目的:探究中医药资源的研究现状、热点及展望,为中医药领域的进一步发展与研究提供借鉴。方法:采用高频关键词分析、社会网络分析和文献内容总结对国内中医药资源的研究现状进行探究。结果:相关文献在时间分布上表现为起步、波动上升和迅猛发展3个阶段;在区域分布上较不均衡,东部地区发文量最多,东北地区发文量最少,所有省和直辖市中北京、江苏、上海和山东的发文量最多;载文期刊分布上,核心期刊占比约为10%。通过高频词分析得到中医药、人力资源、健康旅游、卫生资源等为研究热点,并通过社会网络分析得到佐证。结论:中医药资源研究热点聚焦于中医药资源配置的公平性及配置效率、基层中医药发展、中医药资源建设及开发利用、中医药健康旅游和中医药文化等内容。今后中医药资源的研究可将重点放在中医药资源的供给和需求预测及基层中医药资源开发、管理与使用上,助力解决中医药资源分布不均的问题,推动中医药文化的传承与创新。