The Model of“Post,Course,Competition,Certificate”Integrated Education for Electronic Information Engineering Technology Major in Higher Vocational Colleges

The core education function of higher vocational colleges is to train technical talents with high quality,so as to meet the needs of talents in the development stage of our society.Under the guidance of talent training,higher vocational colleges need to pay attention to establishing an all-round and three-dimensional education model,and promote innovation of higher vocational education on the basis of this.It is also a way to promote the innovation of higher vocational education to vigorously promote the construction of“post,course,competition,certificate”mode in the construction of education mode.Through the construction of“post,course,competition,certificate”mode,the education mode of higher vocational colleges is gradually improved,so as to strengthen the effectiveness of talent training in higher vocational colleges.Therefore,in this paper,the author puts forward some suggestions to promote the construction of the integrated education mode of the electronic information engineering technology major in higher vocational colleges,so as to help improve the talent training level of higher vocational colleges.

Digital Modeling and Visualization of Hydroelectric Engineering Geoinformation

To describe the spatial tendency and complex relationship of geological structures, a digital modeling based on geographic information system and the visualization of hydroelectric engineering geology information are presented. The functions of information visual query, spatial cutting, section drawing, and coupled analysis with hydraulic structures are realized. The geologic model can match the attribute data with the shape data of geological structures, and organize the information for spatial query and analysis of the 3D model. With an application in Laxiwa hydroelectric project on the upriver of Huanghe River, the method provides a 3D parallel section view and query results of geoinformation, and 3D section views of geoinformation along axis of spillway tunnel, and along the 5th axis with underground structures, respectively.

Development of a building information model-guided post-earthquake building inspection framework using 3D synthetic environments

Computer vision-based inspection methods show promise for automating post-earthquake building inspections.These methods survey a building with unmanned aerial vehicles and automatically detect damage in the collected images.Nevertheless,assessing the damage′s impact on structural safety requires localizing damage to specific building components with known design and function.This paper proposes a BIM-based automated inspection framework to provide context for visual surveys.A deep learning-based semantic segmentation algorithm is trained to automatically identify damage in images.The BIM automatically associates any identified damage with specific building components.Then,components are classified into damage states consistent with component fragility models for integration with a structural analysis.To demonstrate the framework,methods are developed to photorealistically simulate severe structural damage in a synthetic computer graphics environment.A graphics model of a real building in Urbana,Illinois,is generated to test the framework;the model is integrated with a structural analysis to apply earthquake damage in a physically realistic manner.A simulated UAV survey is flown of the graphics model and the framework is applied.The method achieves high accuracy in assigning damage states to visible structural components.This assignment enables integration with a performance-based earthquake assessment to classify building safety.

A Quarter Century of Work to Revolutionize Architecture, Engineering and Construction Enterprise Information Systems

More than two decades ago, object-oriented representation of AEC （architecture engineering and construction） projects started to offer the promise of seamless communication of semantic data models between computer-based systems used from the design stage to the operation of the facilities. BIM （building information modelling） emerged and appeared as a means to store all relevant data generated during the life-cycle of the facilities. But this upstream view of the built environment, arising from the design and construction stages, extended to the downstream operations where building and industrial facilities appeared more and more as huge dynamic data producers and concentrators while being operated. This created new challenges leading to what is referred to as ISCs （intelligent and smart constructions）. The current state of the art is that final constructions still contain various and increasingly versatile control and service systems, which are hardly standardised, and not interconnected among themselves. Monitoring, maintenance and services are done by specialised companies, each responsible of different systems, which are relying on customised software and techniques to meet specific user needs and are based on monolithic applications that require manual configuration for specific uses, maintenance and support. We demonstrate in this paper that the early promises of integration across the actors and along the life-time of facilities have gone a long way but will only be delivered through enhanced standardisation of computerized models, representations, services and operations still not yet fully accomplished 25 years after work started.

A DESIGN OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL SPATIAL DATA MODEL AND ITS DATA STRUCTURE IN GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION ENGINEERING

The key to develop 3-D GISs is the study on 3-D data model and data structure. Some of the data models and data structures have been presented by scholars. Because of the complexity of 3-D spatial phenomenon, there are no perfect data structures that can describe all spatial entities. Every data structure has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is difficult to design a single data structure to meet different needs. The important subject in the3-D data models is developing a data model that has integrated vector and raster data structures. A special 3-D spatial data model based on distributing features of spatial entities should be designed. We took the geological exploration engineering as the research background and designed an integrated data model whose data structures integrats vector and raster data byadopting object-oriented technique. Research achievements are presented in this paper.

基于C-Informer模型的船舶轨迹预测方法

船舶在复杂环境中的航行受风浪、水深、船舶性能等多种不确定因素的影响,利用数学模型难以准确定义和反映船舶轨迹变化规律。针对此问题,研究了1种基于特征工程及神经网络的船舶运动轨迹多步预测方法,将轨迹预测任务分为数据处理及模型预测2个部分:(1)数据处理模块利用特征工程的方法对AIS轨迹数据进行预处理,首先对原始AIS数据进行清洗,然后利用最大信息系数筛选出与位置预测任务高度相关的特征,并引入变步长的时间间隔信息,解决现有模型只能选取固定时间间隔的数据进行训练和预测的问题,最后重构出高质量的船舶轨迹序列;(2)模型预测模块构建基于C-Informer的船舶轨迹预测模型,利用Informer模型的多头概率稀疏自注意力机制,降低网络模型的时间复杂度,同时基于生成式解码提高预测速度,通过引入因果卷积模块,增加模型对相邻时间轨迹特征的敏感程度,以弥补Informer模型在局部信息抽取时的不足,使模型更适应于船舶轨迹预测任务。基于南京港附近船舶AIS数据的实验结果表明:C-Informer模型的轨迹预测整体均方误差为1.72×10^(-7),平均绝对误差为2.43×10^(-4),与原始的Informer模型相比分别降低28.6%和31.9%,且使用筛选后的特征组合训练C-Informer模型,与只包含经纬度的特征组合相比,均方误差和平均绝对误差分别降低57.7%和42.1%。在对不同时间步长的轨迹进行预测时,C-Informer模型预测时间比长短期记忆网络模型最多减少了69.6%,损失最多降低了75.8%。

Dominant Meaning Method for Intelligent Topic-Based Information Agent towards More Flexible MOOCs

The use of agent technology in a dynamic environment is rapidly growing as one of the powerful technologies and the need to provide the benefits of the Intelligent Information Agent technique to massive open online courses, is very important from various aspects including the rapid growing of MOOCs environments, and the focusing more on static information than on updated information. One of the main problems in such environment is updating the information to the needs of the student who interacts at each moment. Using such technology can ensure more flexible information, lower waste time and hence higher earnings in learning. This paper presents Intelligent Topic-Based Information Agent to offer an updated knowledge including various types of resource for students. Using dominant meaning method, the agent searches the Internet, controls the metadata coming from the Internet, filters and shows them into a categorized content lists. There are two experiments conducted on the Intelligent Topic-Based Information Agent: one measures the improvement in the retrieval effectiveness and the other measures the impact of the agent on the learning. The experiment results indicate that our methodology to expand the query yields a considerable improvement in the retrieval effectiveness in all categories of Google Web Search API. On the other hand, there is a positive impact on the performance of learning session.

数智赋能信息资源管理新路径:指令工程的概念、内涵和发展

新一轮科技革命和产业变革方兴未艾,大数据、人工智能等系列数智技术对信息资源管理学科产生了深远影响。在大模型背景下,指令工程通过高质量、体系化、流程化的指令设计引导模型生成结果,是高效发挥大模型能力的重要途径,可以用于解决学科相关重要问题。本文首先介绍了指令工程的概念,然后详细梳理了指令的构成要素、设计模式以及指令工程的特点和意义,并探讨了指令工程赋能信息资源管理的建设路径。未来,指令工程的研究和发展还需要关注通用及领域指令工程建设、指令工程标准化、知识产权保护、安全性和体系化测试评估等问题,以期能够在各行业复杂的应用场景中更好地发挥指令的效能。

外挂墙板施工阶段碳排放的智能监测与优化

建筑行业的温室气体过量排放逐渐引起了人们的关注,且其施工阶段往往面临成本超标、工期延长和碳排放失控等问题,因此,建筑施工阶段碳排放的监测与多目标优化问题成为目前研究重点。为了有效解决上述问题,从物理层、计算层和交互层三部分提出了监测优化系统的框架;以Revit为二次开发平台、利用MySQL建立数据库,搭建了碳排放智能监测与优化平台;以外挂墙板构件施工过程为例,运用融入柔性理念的遗传算法寻找出使得“成本工期碳排放”综合目标最适合项目特征的工序执行模式组合及最优解。研究为装配式建筑施工阶段的碳排放监测与优化提供了一套科学、高效的集成化管理技术。

基于知识图谱的建筑施工安全风险量化与分析

为了提高建筑施工安全风险管理的信息化水平,以建筑施工活动及事故风险类型为研究对象,建立施工安全知识图谱。通过知识图谱改进作业条件危险性评价法(LEC)实现安全风险的定量计算,并基于知识图谱进行风险位置识别和不安全因素分析。研究提出安全风险虚体实化理念,实现了安全风险信息在数字空间实体化表达;基于建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)和知识图谱技术,建立了建筑施工安全风险信息模型(Building Construction Safety Risk Information Model, BCSRIM)。该模型有效避免了传统LEC法中主观因素产生的影响,实现了建筑施工安全风险定量计算、风险位置识别、风险分析及可视化管理。利用Revit二次开发技术,在Microsoft Visual Studio中使用C#语言连接Neo4j图数据库,完成了基于知识图谱的BCSRIM的开发。试验显示,研究提出的BCSRIM对提高施工现场的管理水平具有较高的实用价值。

基于BIM的公路工程标准化EBS分解方法

工程结构分解(EBS)是公路工程全寿命周期信息化管理的基础。为了提高公路工程建设期信息化水平,基于BIM技术应用,提出了公路工程标准化EBS分解方法。标准化分解方法根据工程中不同路段,梳理专业划分以及空间位置划分原则,并依据行业标准,确定标准化EBS结构的叶子节点,提供公路工程EBS结构树模板示例。研究结果旨在提高高速公路数字化交付中的数据处理标准建设,为实施公路工程数字化提供基础支持。

Immersive virtual reality for extending the potential of building information modeling in architecture,engineering,and construction sector:systematic review

The field of architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)is continually striving to use resources efficiently and manage complex processes.Now more than ever,there is a strong need for digital transformation in AEC.The improvement in the accessibility of consumer-based head-mounted displays(HMD)is attracting different entertainment and research fields to immersive virtual reality(VR)applications.Building Information Modeling(BIM)is known as a promising technology in AEC.The full potential of BIM is not yet employed to empower this field,however,and this could be a result of some barriers still to be surmounted by BIM in both technological and management perspectives.One of these barriers is the communication and collaboration between design,construction,operation,and maintenance phases.VR can fill this gap by providing additional capabilities for BIM which either were not available before or were not possible to employ in practical ways.In this paper,we systematically review recent research around the application of VR in BIM and discuss the results using the PRISMA flowchart.We discuss the most commonly used technologies,software,and evaluation methods and the various applications of VR in the reviewed papers.Finally,we extend the discussion by summarizing the potential future work in this area.

基于BIM的工程管理专业辅助教学体系研究

为解决BIM需求增加与相关技术人才短缺的矛盾,在总结国内外高校BIM教学模式、组织方式、课程设置、培养层次等方面教学特色的基础上,提出了基于BIM的工程管理专业辅助教学体系。在分析专业辅助教学目标的基础上,从理论课程与实验课程两个方面,分析了经济、管理、技术专业平台课与BIM的关系。分析了某高校工程管理专业在课程教学、实验教学、BIM大赛、毕业设计等方面的措施与经验,以期为同类专业建设提供借鉴。

新工科背景下工科专业融合新技术实践探索--以郑州财经学院“土木工程”专业为例

当前,工科专业建设存在与智能时代和未来社会需求相脱节的情况。基于新工科建设的内涵要求和国内外土木工程行业发展现状,工科专业升级已迫在眉睫。应全面修订面向新工科要求的人才培养方案,增设微专业,增加跨学科课程选修,课程内容融入BIM技术、信息化、智能建筑、绿色建筑、人工智能等前沿知识,构建适应当前的行业需求和社会发展的课程体系,促进“土木工程”专业的转型升级,培养自主学习能力强、团队沟通协作能力强、具有批判思维、创新意识、适应社会发展、学科交叉融合的高素质复合型人才。

新工科背景下人才创新能力培养探索——以光电信息科学与工程专业为例

在新工科背景下,光电信息科学与工程专业人才的创新能力培养应当引起重视。在光电信息科学与工程人才培养的过程中,高校存在课程设置不合理、实践教学体系不完善及新老教学模式不紧密等问题。针对上述人才创新能力培养过程中所出现的问题,该文提出相应的解决方法,包括重新构建课程体系、改善实践教学体系及改革教学方法,从而在新工科背景下增强光电信息科学与工程专业人才创新能力的培养。

基于CIM的智慧园区技术探索与落地实践

城市信息模型(CIM)是我国智慧城市建设及城市数字化转型的重要抓手之一。其核心技术主要包括物联感知技术、GIS与新型测绘技术、孪生建模技术、可视化渲染技术、仿真推演技术和交互控制技术等。本文以独角兽岛智慧园区项目为例,探讨CIM技术、物联网技术、大数据技术及可视化渲染技术的交汇与融合应用,设计并建设应用场景支撑产业园区全生命周期的规划、建设、管理、运营以及园区空间价值提升,形成园区、产业、市场和社会的数字化运行理念和方式,并提炼出项目中展现出的特色与亮点,为推动我国智慧园区及智慧城市的建设提供基础支撑和建设经验。

基于Pro/Engineer的装配建模

论述了基于 Pro/ Engineer的装配建模 ,在总体上是以层次结构的信息为逻辑结构主干 ,以联接信息为其重要组成部分 .该模型使用了面向装配设计、并行设计等先进的设计方法 。

基于Cesium的铁路桥梁三维GIS场景构建研究

随着铁路工程领域数字化、信息化、智能化不断推进,将铁路工程信息模型与大范围真实地理环境融合,通过互联网在线可视化与分布式多终端共享展示铁路工程三维场景成为发展趋势。本文基于开源Cesium平台,从铁路工程三维地理场景构建,铁路桥梁BIM模型参数化建模、融合与定位,到铁路三维GIS场景交互与应用功能开发,设计了面向铁路工程空间信息模型的三维GIS场景构建方案,实现了铁路桥梁BIM模型三维GIS场景的三维漫游、空间查询、地形分析、日照分析、剖切分析等功能应用,为铁路数字工程BIM+GIS开放共享应用管理和展示提供了技术路径。

基于ArcGIS Engine设计天然气管道泄漏事故后果评估系统

城市天然气管道是城市不可缺少的基础设施之一,为有效遏制天然气管道事故造成的重大灾害,需加强对应急救援系统的研究。选取高斯模型分析泄漏的天然气的扩散过程,并划分事故后果评估区域。利用ArcGIS Engine平台,设计并建立一个城市天然气管道泄漏事故的应急救援系统。利用该系统可模拟天然气管道泄漏后可能发生的气体扩散、火灾、爆炸等事故后果,通过天然气理化参数、天然气泄漏的初始状态和周围环境的气象条件,以可视化方式直观显示不同等级的事故后果评估缓冲区。

基于IFC的轨道交通BIM构件标准库研究

针对轨道交通工程的建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)建模方法不统一、信息不规范,导致BIM模型数据难以在后期有效统一应用的弊端,研究基于工业基础类(industry foundation classes,IFC)标准的轨道交通BIM构件标准库。首先,根据轨道交通工程各专业构件的表达需求,研究构件类型、构件信息的IFC表达,以及适配IFC标准的扩展机制;其次,提出轨道交通BIM构件标准库技术框架,主要包括基础数据层、技术支撑层、应用场景层、用户层;然后,采用国家标准的分类编码方法定义轨道交通各专业BIM构件的分类编码,设计了构件信息模板,规范各专业构件的属性信息及其资源链接方式;最后,研究BIM构件模型的加解密方法,以保障轨道交通工程BIM模型数据的安全性。研究结果表明,通过搭建统一的BIM构件标准库,能够促进参建方采用标准化的BIM构件模型创建轨道交通BIM项目模型,保障BIM模型的规范性。