Unveiling localized electronic properties of ReS2 thin layers at nanoscale using Kelvin force probe microscopy combined with tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Electronic properties of two-dimensional(2D) materials can be strongly modulated by localized strain. The typical spatial resolution of conventional Kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM) is usually limited in a few hundreds of nanometers, and it is difficult to characterize localized electronic properties of 2D materials at nanoscales. Herein, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(TERS) is proposed to combine with KPFM to break this restriction. TERS scan is conducted on ReS2bubbles deposited on a rough Au thin film to obtain strain distribution by using the Raman peak shift. The localized contact potential difference(CPD) is inversely calculated with a higher spatial resolution by using strain measured by TERS and CPD-strain working curve obtained using conventional KPFM and atomic force microscopy. This method enhances the spatial resolution of CPD measurements and can be potentially used to characterize localized electronic properties of 2D materials.

Two-dimensional atom localization via probe absorption in a four-level atomic system

We have investigated the two-dimensional （2D） atom localization via probe absorption in a coherently driven four-level atomic system by means of a radio-frequency field driving a hyperfine transition. It is found that the detecting probability and precision of 2D atom localization can be significantly improved via adjusting the system parameters. As a result, our scheme may be helpful in laser cooling or the atom nano-lithography via atom localization.

High-precision two-dimensional atom localization via probe absorption in an M-scheme atomic system

In the present paper, we investigate the behavior of two-dimensional atom localization in a five-level M-scheme atomic system driven by two orthogonal standing-wave fields. We find that the precision and resolution of the atom localization depends on the probe field detuning significantly. And because of the effect of the microwave field, an atom can be located at a particular position via adjusting the system parameters.

High-precision three-dimensional atom localization via probe absorption at room temperature

A scheme is used to explore the behavior of three-dimensional(3D)atom localization in a Y-type hot atomic system.We can obtain the position information of the atom due to the position-dependent atom–field interaction.We study the influences of the system parameters and the temperature on the atom localization.More interestingly,the atom can be localized in a subspace when the temperature is equal to 323 K.Moreover,a method is proposed to tune multiparameter for localizing the atom in a subspace.The result is helpful to achieve atom nanolithography,photonic crystal and measure the center-of-mass wave function of moving atoms.

Local Measurement of Gas-Liquid Bubbly Flow with a Double-Sensor Probe

A double-sensor probe was used to measure local interfacial parameters of a gas-liquid bubbly flow in a horizontal tube. The parameters included void fraction, interfacial concentration, bubble size distribution, bubble frequency and bubble interface velocity. The authors paid special attention to the probe design and construction for minimizing measurement errors. Measures were also taken in the design of sensor ends for preventing corrosions in the flow. This is an effort to improve the current double-sensor probe technique to meet the ever-increasing needs to local parameter measurements in gas-liquid two-phase flows.

Measurement of oil volume fraction and velocity distributions in vertical oil-in-water flows using ERT and a local probe

This paper presents the use of a high performance dual-plane electrical resistance tomography (ERT) system and a local dual-sensor conductance probe to measure the vertical upward oil-in-water pipe flows in which the mean oil volume fraction is up to 23.1%. A sensitivity coefficient back-projection (SBP) algorithm was adopted to reconstruct the flow distributions and a cross correlation method was applied to obtain the oil velocity distributions. The oil volume fraction and velocity distributions obtained from both measurement techniques were compared and good agreement was found, which indicates that the ERT tech- nique can be used to measure the low fraction oil-water flows. Finally, the factors affecting measurement precision were discussed.

三维原子探针的电场结构模拟研究

本文针对目前世界上被广泛使用的局部电极原子探针的样品及局部电极几何结构,通过有限元方法,结合多物理场仿真技术,研究了局部电极与针状样品的距离z、样品尖端曲率半径ρ、局部电极的入口直径φ、厚度w、开口角度α和入口长度h等参数对样品尖端附近的局部电场的影响。模拟结果表明:当z与φ的取值满足z/φ≥1时,既能在样品尖端得到较高的蒸发电场强度,又能降低局部电极对离子轨迹的影响;局部电极的厚度w和开口角度α的取值对样品尖端的电场影响较小;增大局部电极入口长度h的值有利于提高样品尖端电场强度;随着原子的蒸发(样品尖端曲率半径ρ增大),为维持原子蒸发所需的电场强度,施加在样品上的电压V与样品尖端的曲率半径ρ成正比,且所需维持的电场强度越高,施加的电压V越大。

AlSc15中间合金中Al_(3)Sc金属间化合物的电化学行为及对局部腐蚀的影响

将过共晶AlSc15合金加热至液态,以10℃/h速率冷却得到毫米级尺寸的Al_(3)Sc金属间化合物。利用微区电化学和扫描开尔文探针力显微镜(SKPFM)研究了Al_(3)Sc金属间化合物在不同pH值的0.1 mol/L NaCl溶液中的电化学特征及对局部腐蚀敏感性的影响。结果表明,Al_(3)Sc金属间化合物存在自钝化现象,且在碱性环境中有明显的维钝区域;随着pH值的增加,Al_(3)Sc腐蚀电位逐渐降低,在中性和碱性条件下的腐蚀速率明显低于酸性条件下的;Al_(3)Sc金属间化合物与周围铝基体之间的伏打电位差约为40 mV,在铝合金中可能作为较弱的局部阴极,对电偶腐蚀的影响不大。

基于Multi-probe LSH的菊花花型相似性计算

针对海量高维菊花图像相似性计算带来的挑战,研究了基于多探测局部位置敏感哈希技术的菊花表型相似性计算方法。针对菊花图像,采用SIFT技术提取菊花图像特征,并采用BoVW模型进行建模。由于图像特征的高维性质,海量的菊花表型相似性计算效率不高,为了提高计算效率,提出采用近似相似性技术中的多探测局部位置敏感哈希技术,用此方法构建菊花图像数据的哈希数据结构,在菊花相似性查询方面提高了计算效率,并确保了计算结果的质量。在菊花数据集上进行了计算效率和查询质量两方面的测试,并与典型的方法进行了试验对比和分析。结果表明,相比线性式扫描,平均查询成功概率达到0.90以上,平均加速比为3.3~19.8。本文方法能够在查询质量和计算效率两方面通过参数设置提供灵活的优化选择,并对参数的选择提供了参考范围,可为海量菊花花型相似性计算提供参考。

A review on the synergism between corrosion and fatigue of magnesium alloys:Mechanisms and processes on the micro-scale

Understanding the interaction between cyclic stresses and corrosion of magnesium(Mg)and its alloys is increasingly in demand due to the continuous expansion of structural applications of these materials.This review is dedicated to exploring the corrosion-fatigue mechanisms of these materials,with an emphasis on microscale processes,and the possibility of expanding current knowledge on this topic using scanning electrochemical techniques.The interaction between fatigue and corrosion of Mg alloys is analyzed by considering the microstructural aspects(grain size,precipitates,deformation twins),as well as the formation of pits.Furthermore,in the case of coated alloys,the role of coating defects in these phenomena is also described.In this context,the feasibility of using scanning electrochemical microscopy(SECM),scanning vibrating electrode technique(SVET),scanning ion-selective electrode technique(SIET),localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(LEIS)and scanning Kelvin probe(SKP)methods to study the corrosion-fatigue interaction of Mg alloys is examined.A comprehensive review of the current literature in this field is presented,and the opportunities and limitations of consolidating the use of these techniques to study the microscale processes involved in Mg corrosion-fatigue are discussed.

基于局部探测法的外压球壳屈曲载荷设计方法研究

由于受外压球形容器的缺陷敏感性不可避免,其屈曲设计是值得关注的课题,因此系统地研究了基于局部探测法的外压条件下的缺陷敏感球壳结构屈曲设计。根据探测结果,提出了3种屈曲载荷设计方法:能量势垒法、最大曲率法、等效缺陷法。在考虑材料属性影响的基础上,详细介绍了3种屈曲载荷设计方法,并通过具有不同几何缺陷的球壳屈曲响应,对提出的设计方法进行对比与验证。研究结果表明,所提出的屈曲载荷设计方法与现行标准相比,能够针对特定的球壳结构,在考虑缺陷敏感性的前提下,给出精细化的屈曲载荷设计结果。利用3种特定结构对该方法进行验证,每种结构最低试验折减因子分别为0.390,0.224,0.290,而通过文中提出的设计方法计算得到的每种结构最高设计折减因子分别为0.315,0.213,0.171,均低于试验值,体现了提出的设计方法的可靠性。

一种特异性识别Cys的近红外荧光探针

半胱氨酸作为生物体内一种非必需氨基酸,存在于各种蛋白质和肽中,当其含量出现异常波动时便会导致各种疾病发生。本研究将修饰的苯并吡喃盐作为近红外发色团,以3-氯丙酰酯为识别基团连接构建了一种特异性识别Cys的线粒体靶向荧光探针BP-L。BP-L中的3-氯丙酰酯与Cys经过取代-环化-离去反应,使化学环境发生变化从而导致荧光产生。BP-L实现了“裸眼”检测,具有较低细胞毒性。本文将其应用于细胞共定位成像,为相关生物活体检测提供了可能性。

微区扫描电化学测试技术原理及其应用进展

微区扫描电化学测试由于其独特的检测手段被广泛运用。本文综述了扫描振动电极技术(SVET)、扫描开尔文探针技术(SKP)、电化学阻抗谱技术(LEIS)、扫描电化学显微技术(SECM)四个微区扫描电化学测试技术的原理。并总结了微区扫描电化学测试技术在腐蚀、生物科学扫描、界面反应和能源方面的发现与应用。微区扫描电化学技术与传统电化学测量技术、扫描电镜技术等相结合,将有助于更深入地理解电化学行为,为材料、生物、能源等领域研究取得新突破提供技术支持。

文旅融合视域下基层公共图书馆地方文献建设探究

随着我国经济的持续快速发展及人民生活水平的不断提高,文化旅游产业逐渐成为国民经济中的重要支柱产业。基层公共图书馆作为文化传播与社会教育的重要平台,承担着重要的角色和使命。该文旨在探究文旅融合视域下基层公共图书馆地方文献建设的重要性和对策,为基层公共图书馆地方文献建设提供参考和借鉴。首先,通过分析文旅融合发展的现状,明确基层公共图书馆的角色和地位;其次,阐述文旅融合背景下基层公共图书馆地方文献建设的重要性;最后,从资源建设、服务创新和合作机制等角度,提出相应的对策与建议,以促进文旅一体化发展,提升基层公共图书馆的综合服务能力,满足读者和游客的多元需求,进一步推动地方文化的传承与创新。

局部带蒂黏膜附着龈重建术与游离龈移植术在口腔种植修复患者中的应用效果比较

目的:比较局部带蒂黏膜附着龈重建术与游离龈移植术在口腔种植修复患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年10月于该院行口腔种植修复的80例患者的临床资料,根据牙龈移植方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各40例。两组均行口腔种植修复治疗,对照组采用游离龈移植术进行牙龈移植,观察组采用局部带蒂黏膜附着龈重建术进行牙龈移植。比较两组临床疗效,治疗后1、6个月龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和探诊深度水平,治疗前后附着龈宽度,以及并发症发生率。结果:两组治疗总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后1个月,观察组龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和探诊深度水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后6个月,两组龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和探诊深度水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后3个月、1年,两组附着龈宽度均大于治疗前,且观察组大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后1年,两组附着龈宽度均小于治疗后3个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组均未出现明显并发症。结论:局部带蒂黏膜附着龈重建术应用于口腔种植修复患者可短期内改善龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和探诊深度水平,增大附着龈宽度,效果优于游离龈移植术治疗,但临床疗效与游离龈移植术相当。

A New Method for Measurement of Local Solid Flux in Gas-Solid Two-phase Flow

Previous works have shown that the suction probe cannot be used to accurately measure the upward and downward particle fluxes independently. A new method using a single optical probe to measure the local solid flux is presented. The measurement of upward, downward and net solid fluxes was carried out in a cold model circulating fluidized bed (CFB) unit. The result shows that the profile of the net solid flux is in good agreement with the previous experimental data measured with a suction probe. The comparison between the average solid flux determined with the optical measuring system and the external solid flux was made, and the maximum deviationturned out to be 22%, with the average error being about 6.9%. These confirm that the optical fiber system can be successfully used to measure the upward, downward and net solid fluxes simultaneously by correctly processing the sampling signals obtained from the optical measuring system.

Axial profiles of argon helicon plasma by optical emission spectroscope and Langmuir probe

We present the axial profiles of argon helicon plasma measured by a local optical emission spectroscope(OES) and Langmuir RF-compensated probe. The results show that the emission intensity of the argon atom lines(750 nm, 811 nm) is proportional to the plasma density determined by the Langmuir probe. The axial profile of helicon plasma depends on the discharge mode which changes with the RF power. Excited by helical antenna, the axial distribution of plasma density is similar to that of the external magnetic field in the capacitive coupled mode(E-mode). As the discharge mode changes into the inductively coupled mode(H-mode), the axial distribution of plasma density in the downstream can still be similar to that of the external magnetic field, but becomes more uniform in the upstream. When the discharge entered wave coupled mode(W-mode), the plasma becomes nearly uniform along the axis, showing a completely different profile from the magnetic field. The W-mode is expected to be a mixed pattern of helicon(H) and Trivelpiece-Gould(TG) waves.

Experimental study of vapor local characteristics in upward low pressure boiling tube

Radial distribution of vapor local parameters, including local void fraction, interfacial velocity, bubblesize, bubble frequency and interfacial area concentration, are investigated through the measurement in an upwardboiling tube using dual-sensor optical probe. In addition, a new local parameter -"local bubble number concentra-tion" is developed on the basis of bubble frequency. The analysis shows that this parameter can reflect bubble numberdensity in space, and has clear physical meaning.

LOCAL HOLDUPS AND LIQUID INTERSTITIAL VELOCITY IN LARGE-DIAMETER THREEPHASE FLUIDIZED BED

Radial profiles of local gas and solid holdups and liquid interstitial velocity were measured in a largediameter three-phase fluidized bed, and a systematic study was carried out in comparing the present data with those obtained in small-diameter beds. Radial profiles of local gas holdup were found to be parabolic; the distribution of local solid particle holdup could be expressed by Eq. (9); liquid interstitial velocity was well described by the modified circulating flow model.

探头局部扰流对超声流量计测量结果影响

插入式探头安装方式会对超声流量计内部流场产生扰动,进而影响测量结果。在高压空气流量标准装置上对DN100 mm和DN200 mm的气体超声流量计进行标定,结果显示探头局部扰流对超声流量计会产生负向误差,管道口径越小,局部扰流引入的误差越大。DN100 mm超声流量计在3~27 m/s的流速范围内的测量误差在–1.5%~–3%之间,而DN200 mm的超声流量计在1.4~13 m/s的流速范围内的测量误差在–1.2%~–2.1%之间。分析不同压力、不同流速下探头局部扰流对超声流量计测量结果的影响规律,并基于流速和测量误差对实验结果进行曲线拟合,提供了拟合曲线的数学模型。