Through a case study of Shenzhen City,China,this study focused on a quantitative method for analyzing the spatial processes involved in green infrastructure changes associated with rapid urbanization.Based on RS,GIS a...Through a case study of Shenzhen City,China,this study focused on a quantitative method for analyzing the spatial processes involved in green infrastructure changes associated with rapid urbanization.Based on RS,GIS and SPSS statistics software,the approach includes selection of the square analysis units and representative landscape metrics,quantification of the change types of landscape metrics in all analysis units through two indices and hierarchical cluster analysis of the above analysis units with different landscape metric change types(i.e.spatial attributes).The analyses verify that there is a significant sequence of continuous changes in green infrastructure in Shenzhen.They are the perforation,the segmentation,the fragmentation,the evanescence and the filling-in processes,which have a good spatio-temporal correspondence with urbanization and reflect the synthetic influence of urban planning,government policies and landforms.Compared with other studies on quantifying the spatial pattern,this study provides an alternative probe into linking the spatial pattern to spatial processes and the corresponding ecological processes in the future.These spatio-temporal processes offer many opportunities for identifying,protecting and restoring key elements in an urban green infrastructure network for areas in the early stages of urbanization or for non-urbanized areas.展开更多
Cities provide spatial contexts for populations and economic activities. Determining the spatial-temporal patterns of urban expansion is of particular significance for regional sustainable development. To achieve a be...Cities provide spatial contexts for populations and economic activities. Determining the spatial-temporal patterns of urban expansion is of particular significance for regional sustainable development. To achieve a better understanding of the spatial-temporal patterns of urban expansion of Korla City, we explore the urban expansion characteristics of Korla City over the period 1995-2015 by employing Landsat TM/ETM＋ images of 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. Urban land use types were classified using the supervised classification method in ENVI 4.5. Urban expansion indices, such as expansion area, expansion proportion, expansion speed, expansion intensity, compactness, and fractal dimension, were calculated. The spatial-temporal patterns and evolution process of the urban expansion （e.g., urban gravity center and its direction of movement） were then quantitatively analyzed. The results indicated that, over the past 25 years, the area and proportion of urban land increased substantially with an average annual growth rate of 15.18%. Farmland and unused land were lost greatly due to the urban expansion. This result might be attributable to the rapid population growth and the dramatic economic development in this area. The city extended to the southeast, and the urban gravity center shifted to the southeast as well by about 2118 m. The degree of urban compactness tended to decrease and the fractal dimension index tended to increase, indicating that the spatial pattern of Korla City was becoming loose, complex, and unstable. This study could provide a scientific reference for the studies on urban expansion of oasis cities in arid land.展开更多
Urbanization is the most prominent change nowadays. The most prominent thing brought by urbanization is change in traditional folklore. In contemporary China, urbanization is accompanied by modernization. Under the in...Urbanization is the most prominent change nowadays. The most prominent thing brought by urbanization is change in traditional folklore. In contemporary China, urbanization is accompanied by modernization. Under the influence of consumer culture and the modern media, traditional rural folklore is gradually evolving into urban mass culture. Additionally, it is being spread by a big wave of informatization, characteristic of the digital revolution. Traditional rural customs are always important contents of folklore study, but nowadays and in the future, the research focus of Chinese folklore studies needs to be adjusted. At the same time, individual folklore study needs to be turned into holistic culture study under that specific context.展开更多
This paper is to examine the urban and rural construction land data of Dafang between basic year and final year based on country scale and spatial econometrics,and analyze its spatial pattern and change feature. Accor...This paper is to examine the urban and rural construction land data of Dafang between basic year and final year based on country scale and spatial econometrics,and analyze its spatial pattern and change feature. According to the results,the construction lands in all the villages of Dafang County showed strong spatial autocorrelation and significant spatial cluster. After the analysis of local Moran's I,the construction lands in 381 villages of 36 counties presented strong activity. The original small-scale villages were gradually enlarging,which will not only gradually benefit local development,but also be in accordance with the strategy of " one city,one district,eight parks".展开更多
以山东和福建为研究区,基于气象站气候观测数据及ERA5-land再分析数据,采用变化趋势分析、观测减再分析(Observation Minus Reanalysis,OMR)和对比分析等方法,在区域尺度上探讨不同气候背景下城市化引起的局地升温差异。结果表明,1987—...以山东和福建为研究区,基于气象站气候观测数据及ERA5-land再分析数据,采用变化趋势分析、观测减再分析(Observation Minus Reanalysis,OMR)和对比分析等方法,在区域尺度上探讨不同气候背景下城市化引起的局地升温差异。结果表明,1987—2017年山东省台站年平均气温平均变化率略高于福建省,分别为0.38℃·(10a)^(-1)和0.33℃·(10a)^(-1),但两省各季节气温变化趋势存在很大差异。城市化对山东省年和各季节T_(mean)变化的影响均大于福建省,北方相对干旱且较长的日照时间更利于城市热岛形成,这是导致上述差异的重要原因。此外,城市化对两省秋、冬季节T_(mean)变化的影响较春、夏季节更大,这与秋、冬季节相对干旱且静稳的气候特征有关。山东省城市化升温幅度的季节性差异较福建省大,可能与北方地区季节气候波动更大有关。展开更多
China has experienced considerable urbanization in the past 60 years,especially since the implementation of the Economic Reform and Opening-up Policy in 1978.In 1949,there were only 132 cities with an urban population...China has experienced considerable urbanization in the past 60 years,especially since the implementation of the Economic Reform and Opening-up Policy in 1978.In 1949,there were only 132 cities with an urban population of 27.4 million,while in 2008 China had 652 cities with a total urban population of 606 million.Such urbanization is attributed to the boost in the number of cities and the urban population.Urban expansion enhanced geographic inequality between the three major regions in China.Compared with the eastern and central regions,western China only has 19%of the total cities and 18%of the urban population.The urbanization rate was 37.2%for the western region in 2008,while it reached 53.3%for the eastern regions and 45.3%for central China.Using a geographic information system(GIS)and statistical analyses,this study aims at explaining the structure and spatial development of urbanization,and highlighting the current issues of urban inequality in western China during the past two decades.The paper drew following conclusions:(1)Urbanization disparities between eastern and western China have become increasingly obvious,but seem to be evolving slowly since the establishment of the government's Western Development Priority Policy in 2000.(2)Cities of various sizes were expanded in western China,and the main factors affecting the urbanization are population numbers and density,government investment and geographic conditions.(3)Current patterns of urbanization in the western region are distributed unevenly between provinces.展开更多
The study is related to the city of Rotterdam, investigated in relation to the spatial changes caused by the massive immigration that took place since the 1940s and of which contemporary spatial planning is taking pla...The study is related to the city of Rotterdam, investigated in relation to the spatial changes caused by the massive immigration that took place since the 1940s and of which contemporary spatial planning is taking place. The urban regeneration program, promoted by the Municipality of Rotterdam, provided for the reconnection of the district to the urban dynamics of the city and the improvement of public spaces and private accommodation to encourage a process of social gentrification. The social challenges that characterize contemporary cities, especially caused by the violent immigration, have defined a new urban paradigm and new forms of collaboration; as urban planners, we must continue to promote the formation of inclusive, multi-faceted and multitasking cities that are able to capture the diversity of sociality that inhabits the strategic character that makes them different and unique and to experiment welfare and social governance models that allow the shared experience within the urban analyzed contexts; only by making the immigrants protagonists of sociality and of urban civilization can we build stainless cities that resist to climate change and above all to social changes.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41001112,40635028)
文摘Through a case study of Shenzhen City,China,this study focused on a quantitative method for analyzing the spatial processes involved in green infrastructure changes associated with rapid urbanization.Based on RS,GIS and SPSS statistics software,the approach includes selection of the square analysis units and representative landscape metrics,quantification of the change types of landscape metrics in all analysis units through two indices and hierarchical cluster analysis of the above analysis units with different landscape metric change types(i.e.spatial attributes).The analyses verify that there is a significant sequence of continuous changes in green infrastructure in Shenzhen.They are the perforation,the segmentation,the fragmentation,the evanescence and the filling-in processes,which have a good spatio-temporal correspondence with urbanization and reflect the synthetic influence of urban planning,government policies and landforms.Compared with other studies on quantifying the spatial pattern,this study provides an alternative probe into linking the spatial pattern to spatial processes and the corresponding ecological processes in the future.These spatio-temporal processes offer many opportunities for identifying,protecting and restoring key elements in an urban green infrastructure network for areas in the early stages of urbanization or for non-urbanized areas.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41161063,41261090,41361043,41661036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China–Xinjiang Mutual Funds(U1603241)+2 种基金the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Science and Technology Support Project(201591101)the special fund of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Key Laboratory(2014KL005,2016D03001)the Open Project Fund of the Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of the Education Ministry,Xinjiang University(040079)
文摘Cities provide spatial contexts for populations and economic activities. Determining the spatial-temporal patterns of urban expansion is of particular significance for regional sustainable development. To achieve a better understanding of the spatial-temporal patterns of urban expansion of Korla City, we explore the urban expansion characteristics of Korla City over the period 1995-2015 by employing Landsat TM/ETM＋ images of 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. Urban land use types were classified using the supervised classification method in ENVI 4.5. Urban expansion indices, such as expansion area, expansion proportion, expansion speed, expansion intensity, compactness, and fractal dimension, were calculated. The spatial-temporal patterns and evolution process of the urban expansion （e.g., urban gravity center and its direction of movement） were then quantitatively analyzed. The results indicated that, over the past 25 years, the area and proportion of urban land increased substantially with an average annual growth rate of 15.18%. Farmland and unused land were lost greatly due to the urban expansion. This result might be attributable to the rapid population growth and the dramatic economic development in this area. The city extended to the southeast, and the urban gravity center shifted to the southeast as well by about 2118 m. The degree of urban compactness tended to decrease and the fractal dimension index tended to increase, indicating that the spatial pattern of Korla City was becoming loose, complex, and unstable. This study could provide a scientific reference for the studies on urban expansion of oasis cities in arid land.
基金a staged output of the"Studies on Dependence and Protection of Stockaded Villages with Ethnic Culture"(12BMZ063)a general program sponsored by the National Social Science Fund of China
文摘Urbanization is the most prominent change nowadays. The most prominent thing brought by urbanization is change in traditional folklore. In contemporary China, urbanization is accompanied by modernization. Under the influence of consumer culture and the modern media, traditional rural folklore is gradually evolving into urban mass culture. Additionally, it is being spread by a big wave of informatization, characteristic of the digital revolution. Traditional rural customs are always important contents of folklore study, but nowadays and in the future, the research focus of Chinese folklore studies needs to be adjusted. At the same time, individual folklore study needs to be turned into holistic culture study under that specific context.
基金Supported by the Land Use Plan Program of Dafang Bureau of Land and Resources[(2010)BCXY1209]the Sub-program"Graphics Construction in Dafang County"of the Land Use Plan in Dafang County of School of Economics,Guizhou University[(2011)1201]
文摘This paper is to examine the urban and rural construction land data of Dafang between basic year and final year based on country scale and spatial econometrics,and analyze its spatial pattern and change feature. According to the results,the construction lands in all the villages of Dafang County showed strong spatial autocorrelation and significant spatial cluster. After the analysis of local Moran's I,the construction lands in 381 villages of 36 counties presented strong activity. The original small-scale villages were gradually enlarging,which will not only gradually benefit local development,but also be in accordance with the strategy of " one city,one district,eight parks".
文摘以山东和福建为研究区,基于气象站气候观测数据及ERA5-land再分析数据,采用变化趋势分析、观测减再分析(Observation Minus Reanalysis,OMR)和对比分析等方法,在区域尺度上探讨不同气候背景下城市化引起的局地升温差异。结果表明,1987—2017年山东省台站年平均气温平均变化率略高于福建省,分别为0.38℃·(10a)^(-1)和0.33℃·(10a)^(-1),但两省各季节气温变化趋势存在很大差异。城市化对山东省年和各季节T_(mean)变化的影响均大于福建省,北方相对干旱且较长的日照时间更利于城市热岛形成,这是导致上述差异的重要原因。此外,城市化对两省秋、冬季节T_(mean)变化的影响较春、夏季节更大,这与秋、冬季节相对干旱且静稳的气候特征有关。山东省城市化升温幅度的季节性差异较福建省大,可能与北方地区季节气候波动更大有关。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No,41061019,41261036)
文摘China has experienced considerable urbanization in the past 60 years,especially since the implementation of the Economic Reform and Opening-up Policy in 1978.In 1949,there were only 132 cities with an urban population of 27.4 million,while in 2008 China had 652 cities with a total urban population of 606 million.Such urbanization is attributed to the boost in the number of cities and the urban population.Urban expansion enhanced geographic inequality between the three major regions in China.Compared with the eastern and central regions,western China only has 19%of the total cities and 18%of the urban population.The urbanization rate was 37.2%for the western region in 2008,while it reached 53.3%for the eastern regions and 45.3%for central China.Using a geographic information system(GIS)and statistical analyses,this study aims at explaining the structure and spatial development of urbanization,and highlighting the current issues of urban inequality in western China during the past two decades.The paper drew following conclusions:(1)Urbanization disparities between eastern and western China have become increasingly obvious,but seem to be evolving slowly since the establishment of the government's Western Development Priority Policy in 2000.(2)Cities of various sizes were expanded in western China,and the main factors affecting the urbanization are population numbers and density,government investment and geographic conditions.(3)Current patterns of urbanization in the western region are distributed unevenly between provinces.
文摘The study is related to the city of Rotterdam, investigated in relation to the spatial changes caused by the massive immigration that took place since the 1940s and of which contemporary spatial planning is taking place. The urban regeneration program, promoted by the Municipality of Rotterdam, provided for the reconnection of the district to the urban dynamics of the city and the improvement of public spaces and private accommodation to encourage a process of social gentrification. The social challenges that characterize contemporary cities, especially caused by the violent immigration, have defined a new urban paradigm and new forms of collaboration; as urban planners, we must continue to promote the formation of inclusive, multi-faceted and multitasking cities that are able to capture the diversity of sociality that inhabits the strategic character that makes them different and unique and to experiment welfare and social governance models that allow the shared experience within the urban analyzed contexts; only by making the immigrants protagonists of sociality and of urban civilization can we build stainless cities that resist to climate change and above all to social changes.
