Green High-yield and High-efficiency Cultivation Techniques of Integrated Management of Water and Fertilizer for Maize under Mulch Drip Irrigation

The green high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of integrated management of water and fertilizer for maize under mulch drip irrigation are described from the aspects of high yield target of maize and its component factor indexes,pre-sowing preparation,sowing,post-sowing management,field management at the seedling stage,integrated management of water and fertilizer for target yield of maize,rational application of micro-fertilizer,comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and pests,timely harvest,etc.,in order to provide a reference for agricultural technicians,maize farmers and maize industry development in northern Xinjiang.

Application of oblique photogrammetry technique in geological hazard identification and decision management

With the continuous development of the oblique photography technique, it has been used more and more widely in the field of geological disasters. It can quickly obtain the three-dimensional(3D) real scene model of dangerous mountainous areas under the premise of ensuring the safety of personnel while restoring the real geographic information as much as possible. However, geological disaster areas are often accompanied by many adverse factors such as cliffs and dense vegetation. Based on this, the paper introduced the flight line design of oblique photogrammetry, analyzed the multi-platform data fusion processing, studied the multi-period data dynamic evaluation technology and proposed the application methods of data acquisition, early warning, disaster assessment and decision management suitable for geological disaster identification through the analysis of actual cases, which will help geologists to plan and control geological work more scientifically and rationally, improve work efficiency and reduce the potential personnel safety hazards in the process of geological survey, to offer technical support to the application of oblique photogrammetry in geological disaster identification and decision making and provide the scientific basis for personal and property safety protection and later-stage geological disaster management in disaster areas.

Integrated Control Technique of Poplar Diseases in China

The main disease species on poplar are introduced in this paper. The main content of the integrated control technique on poplar diseases is summarized:(1) Forecast technique based on the initial disease and provention factors. (2) Control index is established, based on the relationship among the disease index, height of tree, diameter grade and the loss rate of volume. (3) Five fine varieties are selected according to three integrated indexes of host, such as resistance, volume growth and form ratio; They are 613 (Poulus alba ×P. berolinensis), A15 (P. xiaohei × P. euramericana CV. Polska-15A), A98 (P.xiaohei×(P. simonii×P. nigra) CV. A98), A102 (P. xiaohei) × (P. simonee × P. nigra) CV. A102), L2 (P. simonii × P nigra var. italica) in northeast Chnia. (4) Sivicultural control is known as the main protection measures, combined with chemical control and biocontrol,based on the disease forecast and control index by tracing the whole process of forest production.

Research on Model Construction and Technique Support for Integrated Rehabilitation of Rock Desertification in Chaoying Small Watershed of Bijie Test Area of Guizhou Province

Selecting Chaoying small watershed with representative karst rocky desertification in the Bijie test area of Guizhou Province as an example, according to karst rocky desertiflcation degree and the existing eco-environmental problems in the small watershed, we study developmental model and technique support system for integrated rehabilitation of rocky desertification in the small watershed, and bring forward the development model and technique integration for integrated rehabilitation of rocky desertification, which adapt to the karst areas of Bijie test area, Guizhou Province and even South China.

Integrated Techniques of Underground CO_2 Storage and Flooding Put into Commercial Application in the Jilin Oilfield, China

Global warming touches everybody＇s nerve, and direct reason for sharp increasing of CO2 in the atmosphere results mainly from the use of fossil fuel in power generation and other industries. How can humans return this ＂devil＂ to underground, and keep a peaceful environment for human？ Scientists from all over the world have been exploring them.

How Safe Are Reduced Doses per Fraction in Target Volumes of 2^ndto 4^thOrder in the Simultaneous Integrated Boost Irradiation Technique in Head and Neck Carcinoma Patients?

Aim: The simultaneous irradiation of target volumes of different total dose levels using intensity modulated radiotherapy leads to reduced doses per fraction and longer treatment times in target volumes of 2nd?to 4th?order. Does the thereby caused reduced biological effectiveness induce an increased recurrence risk? The current work deals with the problem of recurrences of patients with head and neck carcinomas treated either with an intensitiy (IMRT) or with a volumetric modulated (VMAT) irradiation technique. Methods: From October 2002 to September 2014, 699 patients with carcinomas of the head and neck were irradiated using IMRT or VMAT. The median follow up of the patients was 21.9 months (2 to 145 months). Primary tumor regions (1st?order target volume) of 565 patients were treated with doses per fraction of 2 Gy. Accordingly, further 133 target volumes of the primary tumor received reduced doses per fraction. In 1 patient, the lymphatic drainage was treated solely without irradiation of the primary region. For the lympatic drainage, 854 1st?order target volumes were treated with a dose per fraction of 2 Gy. Reduced doses per fraction were applied to further 1780 target volumes. Results: 54 of 699 patients developed a recurrence in the primary tumor region after radio-(chemo) therapy, 4 patients developed a recurrence of the primary tumor and a unilateral recurrence of the lymphatic drainage, 2 patients a recurrence of the primary tumor and a bilateral lymph node recurrence. 18 patients showed an isolated unilateral recurrence and additionally 2 patients a bilateral recurrence of the lymphatic drainage. 619 patients stayed recurrence free. In primary tumor regions, receiving a dose per fraction of 2 Gy 55 patients (9.7%) developed a recurrence, whereas in target volumes receiving a reduced dose per fraction 5 patients (3.8%) developed a recurrence (p < 0.001). In lympatic drainage target volumes receiving a dose per fraction of 2 Gy, 25 target volumes (2.9%) developed a recurrence, whereas in target volumes receiving a reduced dose per fraction, 5 patients (0.3%) developed a recurrence (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The recurrence risk in target volumes of 2nd?to 4th?order was not increased due to reduced doses per fraction deposited by means of a simultaneous integrated boost technique. Therefore, the simultaneous irradiation of target volumes with different dose levels is safely applicable within one treatment plan.

Integrated bioremediation techniques in a shrimp farming environment under controlled conditions

This study investigated the integrated bioremediation techniques for a shrimp culture system to reduce unconsumed feed and the contents of suspended solids（SS）, nutrients and organic pollutants using barracuda,clamworm, scallop, large algae and a biofilter. A multi-pool internal circulation system was designed to test the effectiveness of the techniques in the laboratory. The experimental result has shown that Argopecten irradians,Gracilaria lemaneiformis and the biofilter efficiently reduced the contents of SS, dissolved inorganic carbon（DIC）and dissolved organic carbon（DOC） in the breeding wastewater. The amount of unconsumed feed was significantly reduced by barracuda and clamworm, but there was an increase in the contents of SS, DIC and DOC in the water due to disturbance by the barracuda and clamworm. The capacity of macroalgae to extract inorganic nitrogen was insufficient. However, the balance of the nitrogen fixation rate of macroalgae and the biological exhaust nitrogen rate within the system should be fully considered. The use of the biofilter alone was not optimal for the remediation of organic matter in shrimp effluent so that auxiliary foam separation technology is needed to improve the ability of the system to remove macromolecules. This study provides a basis for the further development of remediation techniques to reduce the environmental impact of shrimp aquaculture.

Integrated gravity and magnetic study on patterns of petroleum basin occurrence in the China seas and adjacent areas

The China seas and adjacent areas contain numerous petroleum basins.One of the main challenges for future oil and gas exploration is to identify the inherent patterns of petroleum basin distribution.The formation and evolution of petroleum basins along with the migration and accumulation of oil and gas are often closely related to the tectonic environment.The gravity and magnetic fields with high lateral resolution and wide coverage provide important data for regional tectonic research.Based on the gravity data in the Global Satellite Gravity Anomaly Database(V31.1)and magnetic data from the Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid(2-arc-minute resolution)(V2),this study uses integrated gravity and magnetic field technique to obtain integrated gravity and magnetic field result for the China seas and adjacent areas,and then adopts the normalized vertical derivative of the total horizontal derivative technique to conduct partition.Finally,it identifies the relationship between the partition characteristics and tectonics as well as the patterns of petroleum basin occurrence.The research shows that the partition of gravity and magnetic field integrated result has a good correlation with the Neo-Cathaysian tectonic system and tectonic units.The petroleum basins are characterized according to three blocks arranged from north to south and four zones arranged from east to west.The north-south block structure causes the uneven distribution of oil and gas resources in the mainland area and the differences in the hydrocarbon-bearing strata.Petroleum basins are more abundant in the north than in the south.The ages of the main oil-and gas-bearing strata are“Paleozoic–Mesozoic,Paleozoic–Mesozoic–Cenozoic,and Paleozoic–Mesozoic”,in order from north to south.The difference in the overall type of oil and gas resources in all basins is controlled by the east–west zonation.From east to west,the oil and gas resource type exhibits a wave-like pattern of“oil and gas,gas,oil and gas,gas”.The vertical distribution is characterized by an upper oil(Mesozoic–Cenozoic)and lower gas(Mesozoic–Paleozoic)structure.Within the study area,the Paleozoic marine strata should be the main strata of future natural gas exploration.

Quantum entangled fractional Fourier transform based on the IWOP technique

In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechanical operators corresponding to the generation of fractional Fourier transform.The core function of the coordinate-momentum exchange operators in the addition law of fractional Fourier transform was analyzed too.In this paper,the bivariate operator Hermite polynomial theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)are used to establish the entanglement fractional Fourier transform theory to the extent of quantum.A new function generating formula and an operator for generating quantum entangled fractional Fourier transform are obtained using the fractional Fourier transform relationship in a pair of conjugated entangled state representations.

Green coal mining technique integrating mining-dressing-gas draining-backfilling-mining

Aiming to address the following major engineering issues faced by the Pingdingshan No. 12 mine:(1) difficulty in implementing auxiliary lifting because of its depth(i.e., beyond 1000 m);(2) highly gassy main coal seam with low permeability;(3) unstable overlying coal seam without suitable conditions for implementing conventional mining techniques for protective coal seam; and(4) predominant reliance on ‘‘under three" coal resources to ensure production output. This study proposes an integrated, closed-cycle mining-dressing-gas draining-backfilling-mining(MDGBM) technique. The proposed approach involves the mining of protective coal seam, underground dressing of coal and gangue(UDCG), pressure relief and gas drainage before extraction, and backfilling and mining of the protected coal seam. A system for draining gas and mining the protective seam in the rock stratum is designed and implemented based on the geological conditions. This system helps in realizing pressure relief and gas drainage from the protective seam before extraction. Accordingly, another system, which is connected to the existing production system, is established for the UDCG based on the dense medium-shallow trough process. The mixed mining workface is designed to accommodate both solid backfill and conventional fully mechanized coal mining, thereby facilitating coal mining, USCG, and backfilling. The results show that: The mixed mining workface length for the Ji15-31010 protected seam was 220 m with coal production capacity 1.2 million tons per year, while the backfill capacity of gangue was 0.5 million tons per year. The gas pressure decreased from 1.78 to 0.35 MPa, and the total amount of safely mined coal was 1.34 million tons. The process of simultaneously exploiting coal and draining gas was found to be safe, efficient, and green.This process also yielded significant economic benefits.

Integrating multisource RS data and GIS techniques to assist the evaluation of resource-environment carrying capacity in karst mountainous area

The karst mountainous area is an ecologically fragile region with prominent humanland contradictions.The resource-environment carrying capacity(RECC)of this region needs to be further clarified.The development of remote sensing(RS)and geographic information system(GIS)provides data sources and processing platform for RECC monitoring.This study analyzed and established the evaluation index system of RECC by considering particularity in the karst mountainous area of Southwest China;processed multisource RS data(Sentinel-2,Aster-DEM and Landsat-8)to extract the spatial distributions of nine key indexes by GIS techniques(information classification,overlay analysis and raster calculation);proposed the methods of index integration and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the RECC by GIS;and took a typical area,Guangnan County in Yunnan Province of China,as an experimental area to explore the effectiveness of the indexes and methods.The results showed that:(1)The important indexes affecting the RECC of karst mountainous area are water resources,tourism resources,position resources,geographical environment and soil erosion environment.(2)Data on cultivated land,construction land,minerals,transportation,water conservancy,ecosystem services,topography,soil erosion and rocky desertification can be obtained from RS data.GIS techniques integrate the information into the RECC results.The data extraction and processing methods are feasible on evaluating RECC.(3)The RECC of Guangnan County was in the mid-carrying level in 2018.The midcarrying and low-carrying levels were the main types,accounting for more than 80.00%of the total study area.The areas with high carrying capacity were mainly distributed in the northern regions of the northwest-southeast line of the county,and other areas have a low carrying capacity comparatively.The coordination between regional resource-environment status and socioeconomic development is the key to improve RECC.This study explores the evaluation index system of RECC in karst mountainous area and the application of multisource RS data and GIS techniques in the comprehensive evaluation.The methods can be applied in related fields to provide suggestions for data/information extraction and integration,and sustainable development.

Power Ratio Gain Technique and General Integral Control

In conjunction with general integral control, and synthesizing Singular perturbation and Equal ratio gain techniques, this paper proposes a new control design technique, named Power ratio gain technique, and then by Lyapunov method, theorem to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally asymptotic stability is established in terms of some bounded information. The highlight point is that it not only inherits all the essences of Singular perturbation and Equal ratio gain techniques but also makes up for their shortcomings, and then the conservatism of control input can be improved by compromising the Power ratio coefficients. Theoretical analysis, design example and simulation results show that Power ratio gain technique is a simple, practical and powerful tool to deal with the uncertain nonlinear system.

Heterogeneous integration of GaSb layer on(100)Si substrate by ion-slicing technique

Integration of the high-quality Ga Sb layer on an Si substrate is significant to improve the Ga Sb application in optoelectronic integration.In this work,a suitable ion implantation fluence of 5×10^(16)-cm^(-2)H ions for Ga Sb layer transfer is confirmed.Combining the strain change and the defect evolution,the blistering and exfoliation processes of Ga Sb during annealing is revealed in detail.With the direct wafer bonding,the Ga Sb layer is successfully transferred onto a(100)Si substrate covered by 500-nm thickness thermal oxide SiO_(2)layer.After being annealed at 200℃,the Ga Sb layer shows high crystalline quality with only 77 arcsec for the full width at half maximum(FWHM)of the x-ray rocking curve(XRC).

Equal Ratio Gain Technique and Its Application in Linear General Integral Control

In conjunction with linear general integral control, this paper proposes a fire-new control design technique, named Equal ratio gain technique, and then develops two kinds of control design methods, that is, Decomposition and Synthetic methods, for a class of uncertain nonlinear system. By Routh’s stability criterion, we demonstrate that a canonical system matrix can be designed to be always Hurwitz as any row controller gains, or controller and its integrator gains increase with the same ratio. By solving Lyapunov equation, we demonstrate that as any row controller gains, or controller and its integrator gains of a canonical system matrix tend to infinity with the same ratio, if it is always Hurwitz, and then the same row solutions of Lyapunov equation all tend to zero. By Equal ratio gain technique and Lyapunov method, theorems to ensure semi-globally asymptotic stability are established in terms of some bounded information. Moreover, the striking robustness of linear general integral control and PID control is clearly illustrated by Equal ratio gain technique. Theoretical analysis, design example and simulation results showed that Equal ratio gain technique is a powerful tool to solve the control design problem of uncertain nonlinear system.

Nonlinear General Integral Control Design via Equal Ratio Gain Technique

This paper proposes two kinds of nonlinear general integral controllers, that is, one is generic and another is practical, for a class of uncertain nonlinear system. By extending equal ratio gain technique to a canonical interval system matrix and using Lyapunov method, theorems to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally asymptotic stability are established in terms of some bounded information. Moreover, for the practical nonlinear integral controller, a real time method to evaluate the equal ratio coefficient is proposed such that its value can be chosen moderately. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrated that not only nonlinear general integral control can effectively deal with the uncertain nonlinear system but also equal ratio gain technique is a powerful and practical tool to solve the control design problem of dynamics with the nonlinear and uncertain actions.

Research on the Construction Mode of Mechanical and Electrical Integration of Intelligent Control System based on Multi-agent Technique

In this paper, we conduct research on the construction mode of mechanical and electrical integration of intelligent control system based on the multi-agent technique. The development of the modem science and technology has greatly promoted the cross of different subjects and infiltration, caused the technological transformation and revolution in the field of engineering. In the field of mechanical engineering, because of rapid development of microelectronics technology and computer technology to the mechanical industry and its mechanical and electrical integration, which is formed by the penetration of the technology of mechanical industry structure, product, organization, function and structure, mode of the production and management system, great changes have taken place in industrial production by the mechanical electrification ＂ushered in the development of＂ mechatronics ＂as the characteristics of the stage. Our research combines the multi-agent technique to propose the new paradigm for mechanical and electrical integration which is innovative.

New Route to Deducing Integration Formulas by Virtue of the IWOP Techniqu~

We point out a new route to deducing integration formulas, i.e., using the technique of integration within an ordered product （IWOP） of operators we derive some new integration formulas, which seems concise. As a by-product, some new operator identities also appear.

A NEW SINGULARITY EXTRACTION TECHNIQUE FOR TDEFIE

A new singularity extraction technique is presented to calculate accurately the singular integrals in Time Domain Electric Field Integral Equation (TDEFIE).In singularity extraction pro- cedure,through the aid of the first order Taylor series of time base function including time-retardation,the singularity of the integrand can be removed.The surface current density and backscattered far-field response of a conducting cube illuminated by a Gaussian plane wave is com- puted using the presented technique.Comparisons are made with the results obtained by the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) of the frequency domain and the results obtained by using Ve- chinski's time averaging technique,which demonstrate that the presented method with this new time domain singularity extraction technique to solve TDEFIE is very accurate and stable.

A High-order Coupled Compact Integrated RBF Approximation Based Domain Decomposition Algorithm for Second-order Differential Problems

This paper presents a high-order coupled compact integrated RBF(CC IRBF)approximation based domain decomposition(DD)algorithm for the discretisation of second-order differential problems.Several Schwarz DD algorithms,including one-level additive/multiplicative and two-level additive/multiplicative/hybrid,are employed.The CCIRBF based DD algorithms are analysed with different mesh sizes,numbers of subdomains and overlap sizes for Poisson problems.Our convergence analysis shows that the CCIRBF two-level multiplicative version is the most effective algorithm among various schemes employed here.Especially,the present CCIRBF two-level method converges quite rapidly even when the domain is divided into many subdomains,which shows great promise for either serial or parallel computing.For practical tests,we then incorporate the CCIRBF into serial and parallel two-level multiplicative Schwarz.Several numerical examples,including those governed by Poisson and Navier-Stokes equations are analysed to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the serial and parallel algorithms implemented with the CCIRBF.Numerical results show:(i)the CCIRBF-Serial and-Parallel algorithms have the capability to reach almost the same solution accuracy level of the CCIRBF-Single domain,which is ideal in terms of computational calculations;(ii)the CCIRBF-Serial and-Parallel algorithms are highly accurate in comparison with standard finite difference,compact finite difference and some other schemes;(iii)the proposed CCIRBF-Serial and-Parallel algorithms may be used as alternatives to solve large-size problems which the CCIRBF-Single domain may not be able to deal with.The ability of producing stable and highly accurate results of the proposed serial and parallel schemes is believed to be the contribution of the coarse mesh of the two-level domain decomposition and the CCIRBF approximation.It is noted that the focus of this paper is on the derivation of highly accurate serial and parallel algorithms for second-order differential problems.The scope of this work does not cover a thorough analysis of computational time.