Improvement of Binocular Reconstruction Algorithm for Measuring 3D Pavement Texture Using a Single Laser Line Scanning Constraint

The dense and accurate measurement of 3D texture is helpful in evaluating the pavement function.To form dense mandatory constraints and improve matching accuracy,the traditional binocular reconstruction technology was improved threefold.First,a single moving laser line was introduced to carry out global scanning constraints on the target,which would well overcome the difficulty of installing and recognizing excessive laser lines.Second,four kinds of improved algorithms,namely,disparity replacement,superposition synthesis,subregion segmentation,and subregion segmentation centroid enhancement,were established based on different constraint mechanism.Last,the improved binocular reconstruction test device was developed to realize the dual functions of 3D texture measurement and precision self-evaluation.Results show that compared with traditional algorithms,the introduction of a single laser line scanning constraint is helpful in improving the measurement’s accuracy.Among various improved algorithms,the improvement effect of the subregion segmentation centroid enhancement method is the best.It has a good effect on both overall measurement and single pointmeasurement,which can be considered to be used in pavement function evaluation.

Design Method for Road Reconstruction and Expansion

This article analyzes the method for designing routes in road reconstruction and expansion projects,using an actual engineering project as an example.This includes an overview of a specific road reconstruction and expansion project,an analysis of the preexisting road,the basic principles of the design road project,and an analysis of the design methods and steps.This study aims to offer some guidance for road reconstruction and expansion design.

3D object reconstruction by point coordinates of 2D line drawings

It is a research subject in computer vision to 3D reconstruction of an object represented by a single 2D line drawing. Previous works on 3D reconstruction from 2D line drawings focus on objects with lines, plane, view, and so on. This paper mainly studies the 3D reconstruction from 2D line drawings. Besides, a new approach is proposed： it is that for the research of the point coordinates of 2D line drawings, so as to achieve the object reconstruction by the reconstruction of point coordinates. The reconstruction process includes： （1） the collection of point coordinates （X,Y） of 2D line drawings; （2） the derivation of mathematical formula about the reconstruction of the point of 2D line drawings, and calculating the corresponding point of the 3D coordinates; （3） the regeneration of 3D graphics with 3D points; （4） analyze error by the proportional of parallel of axonometric projection, in order to prove the accuracy of the method.

3D reconstruction of complex curved objects from line drawings

An active research topic in computer vision and graphics is developing algorithms that can reconstruct the 3D surface of curved objects from line drawings. There are a number of algorithms have been dedicated to solve this problem, but they can＇t solve this problem when the geometric structure of a curved object becomes complex. This paper proposes a novel approach to reconstructing a complex curved 3D object from single 2D line drawings. Our approach has three steps： （1） decomposing a complex line drawing into several simpler line drawings and transforming them into polyhedron; （2） reconstructing the 3D wireframe of curved object from these simpler line drawings and generating the curved faces; （3） combining the 3D objects into the complete objects. A number of examples are given to demonstrate the ability of our approach to successfully perform reconstruction of curved objects which are more complex than previous methods.

3D Reconstruction from 2D Line Drawings only with Visible Vertices and Edges

The human vision system can reconstruct a 3D object easily from single 2D line drawings even if the hidden lines of the object are invisible. Now, there are many methods have emulated this ability, but when the hidden lines of the object are invisible, these methods cannot reconstruct a complete 3D object. Therefore, we put forward a new algorithm to settle this hard problem. Our approach consists of two steps： （1） infer the invisible vertices and edges to complete the line drawing, （2） propose a vertex-based optimization method to reconstruct a 3D object.

Reconstructed annual glacier surface mass balance in theányêmaqên Mountains,Yellow River source,based on snow line altitude

Annual mass balance is an important factor that reflects glacier change and glacier meltwater resources.In this study,we analyzed the changes in glacier area,snow line altitude(SLA)and surface elevation in theányêmaqên Mountain region using multisource remote sensing data.Then,the annual mass balance of two glaciers was reconstructed by using SLA-mass-balance gradient method.The results showed that the glacier area in theányêmaqên Mountains decreased by 29.4 km2from 1985 to 2017.The average SLAs of the Halong Glacier and Yehelong Glacier were approximately 5290 m and 5188 m,respectively.The glacier mass balance for the two glaciers from 1990 to 2020 was-0.71 m w.e.a^(-1) and-0.63 m w.e.a^(-1),respectively.Our results indicate that SLA is an important indicator of glacier changes,and a long sequence of SLAs can more accurately reconstruct the glacier mass balance of the glacier.The mean annual glacial meltwater-fed streamflow is 1.45×10^(7)m^(3) and 1.12×10^(7)m^(3),respectively.Sensitivity analysis indicates that summer air temperature plays a leading role in regard to the influential climatic factors of glacial retreat in theányêmaqên Mountains.This highlights the potential of the methodology for application on reconstructing annual glacier surface mass balance at larger scales without direct measurements.

Glacier reconstruction of La Covacha Massif in Sierra de Gredos(central Spain) during the Last Glacial Maximum

A paleoglacier reconstruction during the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) is presented for a high mountain area of La Covacha massif in Sierra de Gredos(Iberian Central System) in central Spain. The moraines that, according with the previous literature, had formed during the global LGM, were mapped through photo interpretation of digital aerial photographs and 3D images and detailed field surveys. The topography of the paleoglaciers was estimated using a simple steady-state model that assumed a perfectly plastic ice rheology, reconstructing the theoretical ice profiles and obtaining the ice thickness of the glaciers during the LGM. The reconstruction of the glaciers was carried out using automated and semi-automated physically-based models, obtaining more realistic results with semi-automated models. According to our study, the paleoglaciers in the study area covered an area of 34.79 km^2 during the global LGM, with a maximum ice thickness of 366 meters in La Vega gorge, a total volume of 34.25 × 108 m^3 and a mean paleoELA of 1932 meters. Most of the ice(~82%) was in paleoglaciers facing north, and the rest was in paleoglaciers with other orientations. This emphasizes the importance of orientation in relation to glacier dynamics and ice accumulation. The results obtained in the calculation of paleoELAs during the global LGM in Gredos are average compared to the Iberian mountains of the Northwest where the values were much lower, and with respect to those of the Southwest, much higher. This demonstrates the importance of the exposure of Mediterranean mountains to the humidity sources coming from the NW during the global LGM, as is the case at present.

Total Nasal Tip Defect:Bilateral Lateral Nasal Artery Flaps for Lining Reconstruction

Background In full-thickness nasal defects,the internal lining is perhaps the most challenging aspect of the three layers to rebuild.Nasal damage is usually more concentrated on the tip,soft triangles,alar wings,and columella,but the lateral nasal arteries are often left intact and the damage to the dorsal sidewalls are normally superficial.Methods Twelve patients who required total nasal reconstruction received a forehead flap placement as external coverage and autologous rib cartilage as structural support.Residual normal/superficial scar tissue flaps on the dorsal sidewalls with lateral nasal artery pedicles were mobilized and designed for internal lining repair without creating secondary donor site damage.The flaps were then turned 180°downward and placed between the alar medial angles and the fornix.Results No total lining flap necrosis occurred in all the patients.Partial necrosis occurred on the distal edge owing to overpressure of the nostril splint to the flaps;however,the wounds eventually healed,and the nasal structural integrity was preserved.The patients were satisfied with the aesthetic results and had no complaints of airway stenosis.Conclusions Lateral nasal artery pedicle dorsal sidewall skin flaps are appropriately thick,providing enough nostril circumferential support to improve airway stenosis.It allows sufficient blood supply and creates no extra donor site damage.Blood vessels and skin flaps are often undamaged,thereby allowing maximum application in total nasal reconstruction.

Paleo-glacial reconstruction of the Thajwas glacier in the Kashmir Himalaya using 10Be cosmogenic radionuclide dating

Quantitative glacial chronologies of past glaciations are sparse in the Himalaya, and mostly absent in the Kashmir Himalaya. We used cosmogenicBe exposure dating, and geomorphological mapping to reconstruct glacial advances of the Thajwas Glacier(TG) in the Great Himalayan Range of the Kashmir Himalaya. FromBe exposure dating of ten moraine boulders, four glacial stages with ages ~20.77 ±2.28 ka, ~11.46 ± 1.69 ka, ~9.12 ± 1.39 ka and ~4.19 ± 0.78 ka, were identified. The reconstructed cosmogenic radionuclide ages confirmed the global Last Glacial Maximum(g LGM), Younger Dryas, Early Holocene, and Neoglaciation episodes. As per area and volume change analyses, the TG has lost 51.1 km~2 of its area and a volume of 2.64 km~3 during the last 20.77 ± 2.28 ka. Overall, the results suggested that the TG has lost 64% of area and 73% of volume from the Last glacial maximum to Neoglaciation and about 85.74% and 87.67% of area and volume, respectively, from Neoglaciation to the present day. The equilibrium line altitude of the TG fluctuated from 4238 m a.s.l present to3365 m a.s.l during the g LGM(20.77 ± 2.28 ka). The significant cooling induced by a drop in mean ambient temperature resulted in a positive mass balance of the TG during the g LGM. Subsequently the melting accelerated due to the continuing rise of the global ambient temperature. Paleo-glacial history reconstruction of the Kashmir Himalaya, with its specific geomorphic and climatic setting, would help close the information gap about the chronology of past regional glacial episodes.

Projects Lists Relating to Post-disaster Reconstruction

Aba Prefecture Company Name:Sichuan Xintong New Materials Co.Ltd. Address:Shuimo,Wenchuan Nature of Business:Private Project Name:Processing and Sale of Tourism Products Details:Producing and processing of Natural crystal products,man-made gem and other

城市实景模型结构化线面特征重构方法

为了改善城市实景模型边缘模糊,提出了一种曲率引导的结构化线面特征重构方法。根据曲率特征将网格分割为平面、可展凹、可展凸以及不可展曲面4类,在平面分割结果内提取平面,在可展凹和可展凸分割结果内提取直线,对过度弯曲的不可展区域进行保留,最终形成包含几何特征的复合网格模型。结果表明,结合曲率信息预先设置几何特征的潜在范围,使得结构化线面特征更可靠,同时保证城市实景中复杂的树结构不被错误地提取为平面。

线卷积网络在二维线检测和三维线框重建中的应用

本文提出了一个线卷积网络,可以从图像中检测线段.通过预测每条线段的中心位置、长度和角度,该网络能够以端到端的方式检测线段.此外,根据线中心检测的特点,本文设计了一维旋转卷积模块,并通过分析,证明其满足等变性质.在实现上,本文采用改进的数据增强和非极大值抑制方法,有效的提高了线检测的性能.通过大量消融实验以及对比实验,本文提出的线卷积网络相比于当前最优算法HAWP,在精度上高出3个百分点,达到了当前最优.最后,将该方法应用于单张图三维线框重建任务,从可视化结果上看,明显优于之前的方法.

基于主线不停运的城轨支线独立运营改造方案

研究目的:针对大型铁路枢纽接入已运营轨道交通线路引起的既有线改造问题,为满足铁路枢纽与轨道交通连接线(支线)施工期间主线正常运营不受影响,对改造涉及的运营组织与接轨方案进行系统研究,并对土建、轨道、接触网、环网与动照、信号、综合监控与通信系统等的改造及影响进行深入研究,在统筹考虑实施难度、投资与工期的基础上,提出实施风险最小、技术最合理的改造方案。研究结论:(1)既有高架车站与区间改造影响范围较小且相对可控,可以实现主线正常运营情况下新建独立运营支线工程;(2)为最大程度保障主线运营不受影响,在现有技术水平条件下,应尽量避免在运营天窗期进行各类信号光电缆的割接;(3)支线独立运营方案,应尽量采取措施将新建支线与主线相连、轨道相通,以利于车辆检修与维保,并增加运营的灵活性;(4)桥梁浇筑与平移施工临近既有线,实施阶段应进一步完善工艺衔接与交叉施工统筹,增加既有线安全保障;(5)本研究结论可为类似工程提供参考。

基于小波变换的锚杆锚索测力仪设计

针对井下存在的电磁干扰,会对测力仪采集到的运放端的电压信号存在较大的干扰,进而对传感器测得的压力值准确性产生影响的问题;设计了基于小波变换的锚杆锚索测力仪。以国产HC32L176单片机作为主控芯片,对运放端的电压信号进行AD采集;选用合适的小波基函数、分解层数、阈值规则及阈值函数,对含噪信号进行分解,滤除不同层的高频成分,再对信号重构,得到去噪后的信号。Matlab仿真与实际测试结果表明:小波变换可以对采集的电压信号实现很好去噪,提高了锚杆锚索测力仪的可靠性与稳定性。

基于智能制造专业群中“传感器及检测技术”课程教学改革研究

传感器的广泛应用和不断创新,以及技术推广的持续发展,使得传感器市场前景广阔,具有很大的发展潜力。传感器作为现代工业自动化的重要组成部分,决定了该类课程在高职自动化专业中的地位。在各高职专业未整合发展时,专业教师依据“传感器及检测技术”课程中所需的传感器知识进行教育教学实践。但是,在当前工业自动化的大环境中,各高职院校都重视专业群的建设,该类课程作为专业群的核心课程必须进行重构,在教学内容、教学策略和教学评价等方面进行改革,以便适应专业群各专业课程的统筹教学。

基于HL-2A可见光谱成像系统的等离子体边界识别算法研究

基于HL-2A托卡马克等离子体可见光成像系统设计了用于等离子体边界重建的算法,具有运算速度快、对各种噪声信号具有较好的鲁棒性等优点。算法首先运用数字图像处理的基本算法处理可见图像,然后提取图像中的等离子体边界坐标并进行拟合,最后经过坐标变换得到等离子体边界的实际空间坐标,即重建的等离子体边界。将重建的等离子体边界与EFIT重建的最外闭合磁面进行对比,中平面强、弱场侧位置的误差小于8.5mm,边界总体平均误差小于11mm,在实验中的硬件设备及软件平台上识别每幅图像的平均耗时为3ms。该算法在目前的实验结果下有望用于等离子体位形识别及控制中,与EFIT在定性和定量上具有一致性,并且不受磁场影响,具有良好的稳定性和鲁棒性。

既有大直径盾构隧道改建为调蓄隧道结构选型研究

输排水隧道需要同时承受外部水土压力和内部水压力作用,相比普通盾构隧道,衬砌结构轴向压力水平降低且存在开裂的风险,通常在隧道管片内部施作二衬以形成双层衬砌结构。本研究依托某既有大直径隧道改建为调蓄隧道的背景,采用数值模拟方法,分析界面粘结方式、二衬材料和二衬厚度等对双层衬砌结构受力特性和安全性的影响,并明确不同形式双层衬砌结构的传力机制,进而为结构选型和二衬设计提供建议。

基于线阵相机的水下射弹动态参数及超空泡演化过程测量方法

针对水下环境恶劣、光线条件差、难以拍摄并复原高速射弹运动姿态及其超空泡演化过程等问题,采用线阵相机的交汇测量原理,设计基于线阵相机的水下射弹图像采集系统、搭建基于双线阵相机的图像采集靶面,提出一种针对水下高速超空泡目标识别与弹形复原算法。利用超空泡射弹几何关系与相机标定数据推导出射弹过靶坐标、姿态角与过靶速度公式,搭建12.7 mm滑膛枪垂直发射入水实验,对系统的可行性进行验证分析。实验结果表明:该系统能够有效地进行水下射弹图像的快速采集,较完整的对弹形及空泡形态进行分离与复原,解算出射弹水下运动速度、姿态角及超空泡形态参数;系统解算出的速度与同时部署的高速摄像所处理的速度误差在1%以内,证明该系统具有较高的可靠性与实用性。

多视影像三维线云重建技术及其智能化发展展望

三维线云是具有几何结构与语义信息的三维线段集合,可以作为实景三维构建中高效的引导,控制与抽象表达元素,弥补点云的边缘描述缺陷与初始结构的缺失,是改变传统三维模型“一张皮”(不同对象相互粘连,难以指导空间分析与决策)的重要结构化特征。然而,如何从多视影像中重建好用的线云,将线云在实景三维中用好,一直是本领域的难点问题。本文回顾三维线云的发展,介绍相关的重建方法,分析存在的难点与不足;结合从数字化走向智能化的测绘科技转型背景,论述线云在实景三维中建什么,如何建与怎么用,对线云重建和应用的智能化发展予以介绍和展望,希望为实景三维重建与线云研究的相关人员提供参考。

基于点线特征的视觉同时定位与地图构建综述

同时定位与地图构建(simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM)作为计算机视觉中的热门方向,在无人驾驶、移动机器人等领域中发挥着重要的作用。由于线特征在低纹理环境下的优势,越来越多的研究人员利用点线特征融合的方法提高SLAM系统的精度和鲁棒性。文中首先简要阐述了传统的点特征SLAM系统在低纹理环境下的局限性,并对现有的视觉SLAM综述文献进行了总结;随后,对经典的点线SLAM方案进行了介绍,并总结了点线特征融合在前端、后端、闭环检测中的研究进展;最后,对点线SLAM未来的发展方向进行了展望。