Hydrogen release of NaBH_(4) below 60 ℃ with binary eutectic mixture of xylitol and erythritol additive

NaBH_(4) was widely regarded as a low-cost hydrogen storage material due to its high-mass hydrogen capacity of approximately 10.8%(mass)and high volumetric hydrogen capacity of around 115 g·L^(–1).However,it exhibits strong stability and requires temperatures above 500℃ for hydrogen release in practical applications.In this study,two polyhydric alcohols,xylitol and erythritol(XE),were prepared as a binary eutectic sugar alcohol through a grinding-melting method.This binary eutectic sugar alcohol was used as a proton-hydrogen carrier to destabilize NaBH_(4).The 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite material prepared by ball milling could start releasing hydrogen at 57.5℃,and the total hydrogen release can reach over 88.8%(4.45%(mass))of the theoretical capacity.When the 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite was pressed into solid blocks,the volumetric hydrogen capacity of the block-shaped composite could reach 67.2 g·L^(–1).By controlling the temperature,the hydrogen desorption capacity of the NaBH_(4)-XE composite material was controllable,which has great potential for achieving solid-state hydrogen production from NaBH_(4).

Extending the EMMS/bubbling model to fluidization of binary particle mixture: Formulation and steady-state validation

The EMMS/bubbling model originally proposed for fluidization of monodisperse particles is extended to fluidization of binary particle mixture in this study.The dense and dilute phases are considered to comprise of two types of particles differing in size and/or density.Governing equations and the stability condition are then formulated and solved by using an optimization numerical scheme.The effects of bubble diameter are first investigated and a suitable bubble diameter correlation is chosen.Preliminary validation for steady state behavior shows the extended model can fairly capture the overall hydrodynamic behaviors in terms of volume fraction of bubbles and average bed voidage for both monodisperse and binary particle systems.This encourages us to integrate this model with CFD for more validations in the future.

Fabrication, property characterization and thermal performance of composite phase change material plates based on tetradecanol-myristic acid binary eutectic mixture/expanded perlite and expanded vermiculite for building application

A binary eutectic mixture composed of tetradecanol(TD)and myristic acid(MA)was maximally absorbed into the microstructures of expanded perlite(EP)and expanded vermiculite(EVMT),respectively,through a self-made vacuum adsorption roller to prepare phase change material(PCM)particle(PCP).Then EP and EVMT-based composite PCM plates were respectively fabricated through a mold pressing method.The thermal property,chemical stability,microstructure and durability were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter(DSC),Fourier transform infrared spectroscope(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and thermal cycling tests,respectively.The results show that both PCPs have high latent heats with 110 J/g for EP-based PCP and more than 130 J/g for EVMT-based PCP,compact microstructure without PCM leakage,stable chemical property and good durability.The research results have proved the feasibility for the vacuum adsorption roller used in the composite PCM fabrication.Results of thermal storage performance experiment indicate that the fabricated PCM plates have better thermal inertia than common building materials,and the thermal storage performance of PCM plates has nonlinearly changed with outside air velocity and temperature increase.Therefore,PCM plates show a significant potential for the practical application of building thermal storage.

Density, Viscosity, and Excess Properties for Binary Mixture of Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether ＋ Water from 293.15 to 333.15 K at Atmospheric Pressure

Densities and viscosities were measured as a function of composition for binary liquid mixture of diethylerie glycol monoethyl ether [CH3CH2O（CH2）2O（CH2）2OH] ＋ water from 293.15 to 333.15 K at atmospheric pressure, with a capillary pycnometer and Ubbelohde capillary viscometer respectively. From the experimental data, the excess molar volume V^E, viscosity deviation △η, and the excess energy of activation for viscous flow △G^＊E were calculated. These data were correlated by the Redlich-Kister type equations to obtain the coefficients and standard deviations. The results showed a strong molecular interaction between diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and water.

First Binary Mixture Ionic Liquids Containing EMIMBr and IM

A new series of binary mixture ionic liquids comprising 1-ethyl-3-methylimidozalium bromide (EMIMBr) and imidazole (IM) have been synthesized. The melting points of the ionic liquids vary with the different content of IM while they still keep satisfactory conductivity and viscosity. According to the analysis of its phase diagram, the eutectic point is about 16.5C with the mass percentage of IM 29%.

COMPOSITION DETERMINATION OF BINARY POLYMER MIXTURES BY SIZE EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH LIGHT SCATTERING DETECTION

Base on the principle of absolute quantification of size exclusion chromatography （SEC）, a light scattering （LS） detector coupled with a concentration detector （refractive index detector） is utilized to determine the compositions of complicated binary mixtures. A theoretical analysis predicts that the response factors for both LS and RI detectors are linear functions with the composition of any specified polymer mixtures in the binary polymer mixtures. Two pairs of complicated binary mixtures were used to test the theory mentioned in the present paper, and the experimental results show an excellent accordance with the theory.

A smart simple spectrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of binary mixtures

A new simple spectrophotometric method was developed for the simultaneous determination of drugs with interfering spectra in binary mixtures without previous separation. The new method is based on a simple modification for the ratio subtraction method. This modification enabled wider range of application. The proposed ratio difference method was applied for the determination of brimonidine and timolol in laboratory prepared mixtures with mean percentage recoveries 100.40±2.29 and 101.23± 1.30 respectively, and in their pharmaceutical formulation with mean percentage recoveries 101.08±0.44 and 100.66±0.52 respectively. The suggested ratio difference method was validated according to USP guidelines and can be applied for routine aualitv control testing.

Modeling of segregation in magnetized fluidized bed with binary mixture of Geldart-B magnetizable and nonmagnetizable particles

For the magnetized fluidized bed(MFB)with the binary mixture of Geldart-B magnetizable and nonmagnetizable particles,the magnetically induced segregation between these two kinds of particles occurs at high magnetic field intensities(H),leading to the deterioration of the fluidization quality.The critical intensity(H_(ms))above which such segregation commences varies with the gas velocity(U_g).This work focuses on establishing a segregation model to theoretically derive the H_(ms)–U_g relationship.In a magnetic field,the magnetizable particles form agglomerates.The magnetically induced segregation in essence refers to the size segregation of the binary mixture of agglomerates and nonmagnetizable particles.Consequently,the segregation model was established in two steps:first,the size of agglomerates(d_A)was calculated by the force balance model;then,the H_(ms)–U_g relationship was obtained by substituting the expression of d_Ainto the basic size segregation model for binary mixtures.As per the force balance model,the cohesive and collision forces were 1_2 orders of magnitude greater than the other forces exerted on the agglomerates.Therefore,the balance between these two forces largely determined d_A.The calculated d_A increased with increasing H and decreasing U_g,agreeing qualitatively with the experimental observation.The calculated H_(ms)–U_ g relationship agreed reasonably with the experimental data,indicating that the present segregation model could predict well the segregation behavior in the MFB with the binary mixture.

Phase behaviors in a binary mixture of diblock copolymers confined between two parallel walls

The phase behaviors in a binary mixture of diblock copolymers confined between two parallel walls are investigated by using a cell dynamics simulation of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory.The morphological dependence of the wall-block interaction and the distance between walls（confinement degree） has been systematically studied,and the effect of repulsive interactions between different monomers is also discussed.It is interesting that multiple novel morphological transitions are observed by changing these factors,and various multilayered sandwich structures are formed in the mixture.Furthermore,the parametric dependence and physical reasons for the microdomain growth and orientational order transitions are discussed.From the simulation,we find that much richer morphologies can form in a binary mixture of diblock copolymers than those in a pure diblock copolymer.Our results provide an insight into the phase behaviors under parallel wall confinement and may provide guidance for experimentalists.This model system can also give a simple way to realize orientational order transition in soft materials through confinement.

Ultrasonic study on organic liquid and binary organic liquid mixtures by using Schaaffs＇ collision factor theory

Based on Schaaff＇s collision factor theory （CFT） in liquids, the equations for nonlinear ultrasonic parameters in both organic liquid and binary organic liquid mixtures are deduced. The nonlinear ultrasonic parameters, including pressure coefficient, temperature coefficients of ultrasonic velocity, and nonlinear acoustic parameter B/A in both organic liquid and binary organic liquid mixtures, are evaluated for comparison with the measured results and data from other sources. The equations show that the coefficient of ultrasonic velocity and nonlinear acoustic parameter B/A are closely related to molecular interactions. These nonlinear ultrasonic parameters reflect some information of internal structure and outside status of the medium or mixtures. From the exponent of repulsive forces of the molecules, several thermodynamic parameters, pressure and temperature of the medium, the nonlinear ultrasonic parameters and ultrasonic nature of the medium can be evaluated. When evaluating and studying nonlinear acoustic parameter B/A of binary organic liquid mixtures, there is no need to know the nonlinear acoustic parameter B/A of the components. Obviously, the equation reveals the connection between the nonlinear ultrasonic nature and internal structure and outside status of the mixtures more directly and distinctly than traditional mixture law for B/A, e.g. Apfel＇s and Sehgal＇s laws for liquid binary mixtures.

Adsorption behavior of CO_(2)/H_(2)S mixtures in calcite slit nanopores for CO_(2) storage:An insight from molecular perspective

It is acknowledged that injecting CO_(2) into oil reservoirs and saline aquifers for storage is a practical and affordable method for CO_(2) sequestration.Most CO_(2) produced from industrial exhaust contains impurity gases such as H_(2)S that might impact CO_(2) sequestration due to competitive adsorption.This study makes a commendable effort to explore the adsorption behavior of CO_(2)/H_(2)S mixtures in calcite slit nanopores.Grand Canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC)simulation is employed to reveal the adsorption of CO_(2),H_(2)S as well as their binary mixtures in calcite nanopores.Results show that the increase in pressure and temperature can promote and inhibit the adsorption capacity of CO_(2) and H_(2)S in calcite nanopores,respectively.CO_(2)exhibits stronger adsorption on calcite surface than H_(2)S.Electrostatic energy plays the dominating role in the adsorption behavior.Electrostatic energy accounts for 97.11%of the CO_(2)-calcite interaction energy and 56.33%of the H_(2)S-calcite interaction energy at 10 MPa and 323.15 K.The presence of H_(2)S inhibits the CO_(2) adsorption in calcite nanopores due to competitive adsorption,and a higher mole fraction of H_(2)S leads to less CO_(2) adsorption.The quantity of CO_(2) adsorbed is lessened by approximately 33%when the mole fraction of H_(2)S reaches 0.25.CO_(2) molecules preferentially occupy the regions near the po re wall and H_(2)S molecules tend to reside at the center of nanopore even when the molar ratio of CO_(2) is low,indicating that CO_(2) has an adsorption priority on the calcite surface over H_(2)S.In addition,moisture can weaken the adsorption of both CO_(2) and H_(2)S,while CO_(2) is more affected.More interestingly,we find that pure CO_(2) is more suitable to be sequestrated in the shallower formations,i.e.,500-1500 m,whereas CO_(2)with H_(2)S impurity should be settled in the deeper reservoirs.

Visualization of Bubble Dynamics for Pool Boiling of Binary Refrigerant Mixture R11-R113

A digital photographic study of pool boiling with binary mixture Rll（CC13）-Rll3（CCl3CF3） was performed on a horizontal transparent heater at pressure of 0.1MPa. A high speed digital camera was applied to record the bubble behaviors in boiling process. Strong effects of composition on bubble departure diameter, deparatre time, nucleation density were observed, which was attributed to the nature of the activation of the boiling surface and mass diffusion effects. The bubble departure diameter, departure period and nucleation density as functions of composition for binary mixtures R 11-R 113 were presented respectively. From the video images, it can be concluded that evaporation of microlayer is very important to the growth of bubble. It is also observed that there is not any liquid recruited into the microlayer below the bubble.

Phase separation and super diffusion of binary mixtures of active and passive particles

Computer simulations were performed to study the dense mixtures of passive particles and active particles in two dimensions.Two systems with different kinds of passive particles(e.g.,spherical particles and rod-like particles)were considered.At small active forces,the high-density and low-density regions emerge in both systems,indicating a phase separation.At higher active forces,the systems return to a homogeneous state with large fluctuation of particle area in contrast with the thermo-equilibrium state.Structurally,the rod-like particles accumulate loosely due to the shape anisotropy compared with the spherical particles at the high-density region.Moreover,there exists a positive correlation between Voronoi area and velocity of the particles.Additionally,a small number of active particles capably give rise to super-diffusion of passive particles in both systems when the self-propelled force is turned on.

Theoretical and experimental study on Compton scattering of a binary powder mixture

The relationship between Compton scattered photon counts per unit mass and the content of a component in a binary powder mixture is deduced based on the Compton scattering theory.This relationship can be regarded linear after some approximations.The scattered photon counts per unit mass increases faster with the content when the difference of the atomic numbers of the two components in the binary powder mixture is larger.The relationship was verified with Compton scattering experiments on a series of Ni-Cu and Fe-C binary powder mixtures.The method of using this linear dependene of scattered photon counts on the content of a binary powder mixture to ascertain the component content in a binary mixture was introduced.

Dynamics of Unsteady MHD Convective Flow with Thermophoresis of Particles and Variable Thermo-Physical Properties past a Vertical Surface Moving through Binary Mixture

The dynamics of unsteady magnetohydrodynamic convective fluid flow with radiation and thermophoresis of particles past a vertical porous plate moving through a binary mixture in an optically thin environment is investigated. The approximate form of the radiative heat flux is considered as the fourth power of temperature. Chemical reaction that occurs as the chemically reacting fluid flow through binary mixture is accounted for in energy and species concentration equations. Exponential space dependent heat source is introduced to generate additional heat energy across the fluid domain. The corresponding influence of heat energy is properly accounted for. It is assumed that viscosity and thermal conductivity vary as a linear function of temperature. The governing boundary layer equations are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity variables. A novel method of obtaining root finding starting with three guesses in shooting techniques is presented. The corresponding nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations is solved numerically by shooting technique along with quadratic interpolation scheme. Graphical results of the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration distributions are shown for certain pertinent parameters controlling the fluid flow. The quadratic interpolation method is found to produce better estimated values of , which satisfy the degree of accuracy and proportional to the physical quantities.

Phase behaviors of binary mixtures composed of electron-rich and electron-poor triphenylene discotic liquid crystals

Disk-like liquid crystals（DLCs） can self-assemble to ordered columnar mesophases and are intriguing onedimensional organic semiconductors with high charge carrier mobility.To improve their applicable property of mesomorphic temperature ranges,we exploit the binary mixtures of electronic donor-acceptor DLC materials.The electron-rich2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakis（alkoxy）triphenylenes（C4,C6,C8,C10,C12） and an electron-deficient tetrapentyl triphenylene-2,3,6,10-tetracarboxylate have been prepared and their binary mixtures have been investigated.The mesomorphism of the1：1（molar ratio） mixtures has been characterized by polarizing optical microscopy（POM）,differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）,and small angel x-ray scattering（SAXS）.The self-assembled monolayer structure of a discogen on a solid-liquid interface has been imaged by the high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy（STM）.The match of peripheral chain length has important influence on the mesomorphism of the binary mixtures.

Apparent Molar Volumes and Solvation Coefficients in Ternary-pseudo-binary Mixtures [(Styrene+Ethyl Acetate or Benzene)+(N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone+Ethyl Acetate or Benzene)]

Over the full range of compositions, in the ternary-pseudo-binary mixtures of x[（1-y）C6H5CH=CH2＋ yCH3COOC2H5（or C6H6）]＋（1-x）[（1-y）NMP＋yCH3COOC2Hs（or C6H6）], the apparent molar volumes of each pseudo-pure component at different y values were calculated from the density data at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The results show that the four parameters cubic polynomial can correlate the apparent molar volume with the molar fraction well over the full molar fraction range. The limiting partial molar volumes and the molar volumes of each pseudo-pure component were evaluated with different methods. Based on the limiting partial molar volume and molar volume at a certain y value, a new universal coefficient termed as solvation coefficient γ was defined to describe quantitatively the solvation degree of pseudo-pure solute and the interactions of solute-solvent molecules from the macroscopical thermodynamics viewpoint. The results demonstrate the solvation coefficients decrease with the amount of the third component increasing for each pseudo-pure solute, irrespective of the pseudo-pure solvent. Then the solvation degrees of each pseudo-pure component, the specific interactions between the solute molecule and the solvent one were discussed in terms of the solvation coefficient.

Intermolecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures of Styrene with m-, o-, or p-xylene

密度()，超声的速度()，并且有m-，o-，或p二甲苯的苯乙烯(猪圈)的二进制混合物的折射索引(n)，他们的纯液体包括那些，在温度在全部作文范围上被测量 298.15 ， 303.15 ， 308.15 ，并且 313.15 K 。过量卷(VE ) ，在 isentropic 压缩的可能性(ks ) 的偏差，声学的阻抗(Z) ，和折射索引(n) 从试验性的数据被计算。部分臼齿的体积(V0,2 ) 和在苯乙烯的二甲苯的部分臼齿的 isentropic 压缩的可能性(K0,2 ) 也是计算的。导出的功能也就是， VE， ks， Z， n， V0,2，和 K0,2 被用来有发生在现在的液体混合物的部件分子之间的分子间的相互作用的更好的理解。这些参数的变化建议在苯乙烯和 o- ， m- ，或 p 二甲苯分子之间的相互作用跟随序列：p 二甲苯 >o 二甲苯 >m 二甲苯。除了为 VE 的计算使用密度数据，臼齿的体积也是的过量估计了使用折射索引数据。而且，混合规则的几个折射索引被用来理论上估计学习液体混合物的折射索引。总的来说，计算并且测量的数据以在混合部件之间的相互作用被解释。

An Experimental Study of Porous Surface Tubes for Enhancement of Binary Liquid Mixture Pool Boiling Heat Transfer

Experiments have been conducted on the pool boiling of binary mixtures in JK tubeswith porous surface and ribbed channels,attempting to enhace the boiling heat transfer coefficientsinvolved.The binary mixtures used in this study are R113 and R11.The results show that the boilingfi1m heat transfer coefficients for the R113 and R11 binary mixtures in JK2 and JK1 tubes are 2—8tirnes and 2—5 times greater than those in smooth tubes respectively.Based on this experimentaldata and simple theoretical analysis,a correlation has been proposed to predict the boiling heattransfer coefficients for R113/R11 mixtures in a horizontal JK tube with a relative error of less than16%.

Excess Molar Volume of Binary Mixtures of Methylheptenone+Alkanols at 298.15 K

Excess molar volume(V E) data on binary liquid mixtures of methylheptenone (MHO) with methanol, ethanol, n-propanol or n-butanol have been determined from the density measurements at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The values of V E in all the systems over the entire composition range are quantified by the Redlich-Kister equation. The effects of the chain length of alkanols on V E are discussed.