An analysis of the uniformity of multi-fracture initiation based on downhole video imaging technology: A case study of Mahu tight conglomerate in Junggar Basin, NW China

To solve the problem that the production of Mahu conglomerate reservoir is not up to expectation after the multi-cluster plus temporary plugging fracturing technology is applied in horizontal wells, stages 2–6 in the test well MaHW6285 are selected to carry out erosion tests with different pumping parameters. The downhole video imaging technology is used to monitor the degree of perforations erosion, and then the fracture initiation and proppant distribution of each cluster are analyzed. The results showed that proppant entered 76.7% of the perforations. The proppant was mainly distributed in a few perforation clusters, and the amount of proppant entered in most of the clusters was limited. The proppant distribution in Stage 4 was relatively uniform, and the fracture initiation of each cluster in the stage is more uniform. The proppant distribution in stages 2, 3, 5, and 6 was significantly uneven, and the uniform degree of fracture initiation in each cluster is low. More than 70% of the proppant dose in the stage entered clusters near the heel end, so the addition of diverters did not promote the uniform initiation of hydraulic fractures. There was a positive correlation between the amount of proppant added and the degree of perforations erosion, and the degree of perforations erosion ranged from 15% to 352%, with an average value of 74.5%, which was far higher than the statistical results of shale reservoir tests in North America. The use of 180° phase perforation(horizontal direction) can reduce the “Phase Bias” of perforations erosion, promote uniform perforations erosion and fluid inflow. The research results provide the basis for optimizing the pumping procedure, reducing the perforation erosion and improving the success rate of diversion.

Simulation on damage effectiveness of hexagonal prism aimable warhead with multi-point synchronous initiations

In order to study the impacts of warhead geometry and initiation pattern on the lethality of aimable warhead, multi-point synchronous initiated hexagonal prism and cylindrical warheads were compared through numerical simulation, combined with theoretical formulas of fragment decelera- tion and target plugging. Enhancements of fragment velocity, kinetic energy and density toward the target and target destructions were analyzed. The results show that hexagonal prism warhead can produce dense fragment beams and enhance average velocity and kinetic energy with asymmetric eight-point initiation by 24. 13% and 54. 52% respectively, which are higher than those of the isomet- ric or same weight cylindrical warhead. The effective fragments are still relatively concentrated in an area of 8 m × 2 m for the hexagonal prism warhead when the distance between warhead and target is 40 m.

Approaches of Scientific and Cultural Communication Constructed by Wuhan Museum of Science and Technology in the Context of the Belt and Road Initiative

The Belt and Road initiative is in the first instance,the barrier-free communication in ideology and culture.To cooperate with the Belt and Road initiative,excellent exhibitions in cultural technology and history from other nations are brought in Wuhan Museum of Science and Technology(hereinafter referred to as WMST).WMST’s own science education achievements are going global in both online and offline ways to support and get involved in the initiative and contribute to international communications.

Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in the Financial Field from the Perspective of The Belt and Road Initiative

With the continuous deepening of The Belt and Road Initiative development strategy in China,blockchain technology has been more and more widely applied in the financial field.In recent years,the overall operation situation of China’s financial sector is stable.However,with the reform of the economic system and the innovation of the financial sector,there are still many problems in China’s financial sector that need to be improved.With its application advantages,blockchain technology has solved many problems in the financial field.This paper analyses and discusses the application of blockchain technology in the financial field from the perspective of“The Belt and Road Initiative”.

Prospects for Science and Technology Cooperation belween the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Portugal under the Belt and Road Initiative

President Xi,focusing on building a new pattern of all-round opening up to the outside world and promoting the common prosperity and progress of all countries,put forward a major proposal for the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the maritime Silk Road in twenty-first Century.The bay area economy as an important coastal economic form,is the highlight of the current international economic map,and is a significant symbol of the world's first-class coastal city.The international first-class bay areas,such as New York Bay area,San Francisco Bay area and Tokyo Bay area,are characterized by openness,innovation,livability and internationalization.The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has four worldclass cities,name Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Hong Kong and Macao,and the Pearl River Delta city cluster.It has an open economic structure,efficient resource allocation ability,strong agglomeration and spillover function and development international communication network plays a core function of leading innovation and gathering radiation.It is an important growth pole for promoting the economic development of the maritime Silk Road and a leader in technological change.With the help of Portugal's geographical position on the maritime Silk Road and market access advantages within the EU system,the Greater Bay Area should further deepen scientific and technological cooperation,improve the ability of scientific and technological innovation of both sides,let the scientific research subjects of the bay area help Portugal's scientific and technological development,and enhance PortugaFs scientific and technological position in the EU.From the perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative,combined with the basic situation and cooperation of China,especially Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao,and the development of science and technology in Portugal,this article explores the technological fields,policy measures that are suitable for scientific and technological cooperation between the two sides,and puts forward corresponding suggestions to contribute to the technological development of China,Portugal and the global economic and social sustainable development.

Theoretical Model on Transformation Factors of Scientific and Technological Achievements under the Belt and Road Initiative

With the continuous deepening of the Belt and Road Initiative,the countries involved are increasingly connected in the field of science and technology.Based on the transformation theory of scientific and technological(S&T)achievements,this study establishes a theoretical model of transformation factors of S&T achievements under the Belt and Road Initiative.Combined with the data analysis from questionnaire,it is found that in S&T achievements transformation process,there is a significant positive correlation between the innovation factors and the transfer factors,between the transfer factors and the diffusion factors,and between the diffusion factors and the transformation results.These conclusions provide reference for the subsequent S&T achievements transformation activities under the Belt and Road Initiative.Therefore,in the process of promoting the transformation of S&T achievements under the Belt and Road Initiative in the future,innovation factors such as information innovation,service innovation,and cooperative innovation should be fully reflected.Relevant agencies should take the transfer factors of S&T achievements as guidance;promote and apply the results of incubation through diffusion media and diffusion channels.

Open Innovation and New Mechanism of Market-Based Technology Diffusion from MNCs

The international community has blamed developing countries for the lack of intellectual property rights(IPR)protection-not least the“forced technology transfers”-in attracting foreign direct investment(FDI).This paper employs the largesample contract data of multinational companies’(MNCs)IT R&D transactions in China to discuss this controversy from a unique perspective of MNCs in the role of contractors.Our findings suggest that MNCs initially guarded their know-how before the 2000s under closed innovation,but have started to take the initiative to transfer technology to local partners as open innovation held sway.China’s structured market entities and huge demand for technology transactions have served as key drivers for MNCs to transfer technology,which has been further boosted by the new business model of open innovation.This paper’s empirical analysis not only helps unravel the“black box”of technology transfers by MNCs,but reveals how late-moving developing countries may make better use of FDI referencing China’s experience on the three dimensions of market opportunities,structured entities,and economies of scale.

Distributed Control Technology for Air and Missile Defence Operations

This paper relates to accepted presentation at international conference Air and Missile Defence Technology,November 16-17,2022,London UK(day two),reflecting contents of the presentation slides.It describes applications of the patented and internationally tested Spatial Grasp Technology(SGT)and its Spatial Grasp Language(SGL)for Integrated Air and Missile Defense(IAMD).Based on holistic space navigation and processing by recursive mobile code self-spreading in distributed words,SGT differs radically from traditional management of large systems as consisting of parts exchanging messages.The dynamic network of SGL interpreters can be arbitrarily large and cover terrestrial and celestial environments as powerful spatial engines.The paper contains an example of tracking and destruction of multiple cruise missiles by self-evolving spatial intelligence in SGL using networks of radar stations.It also briefs the growing multiple satellite constellation in Low Earth Orbits(LEO)for potential IAMD applications.Starting from Strategic Defense Initiative(SDI)of the past and then briefing the latest project of Space Development Agency,the paper shows SGL solutions for discovery,tracking,and destroying ballistic missiles and hypersonic gliders with the use of collectively behaving constellations of LEO satellites.It also shows how to organize higher levels of supervision of groups of mobile chasers fighting multiple targets(both potentially as missiles or drones),by providing their global awareness even consciousness in SGL which can drastically improve their performance.The latest version of SGT can be implemented on any platforms and put into operation in a short time,similarly to its previous versions in different countries.

周边孔聚能装置间隔装药在光面爆破中的应用研究

隧道光面爆破工程的周边孔需要采用间隔装药方式,而大部分间隔装药方式采用“导爆索+雷管”联合起爆技术,此技术具有一定的局限性且经常发生拒爆现象。如何在保证隧道掘进效率的前提下提高光面爆破效果成为目前亟待解决的难题,从现场试验方面开展相关研究,提出“聚能装置+数码电子雷管”新型联合起爆技术,将其应用于高原某隧道,通过与原始的“导爆索+数码电子雷管”联合起爆技术的爆破后效果进行对比分析。实验结果表明:对比原始技术,新技术炸药单耗降低了0.2 kg/m^(3),半孔留痕率提高了5%,平均装药时间由原来的1.3 h降为1.0 h,稳定循环进尺的同时极大降低了耗材费用,提高了隧道光面爆破效果。

“一带一路”共建国家间的技术扩散——基于技术内容与网络结构的分析

技术扩散是强化国际经济与创新联系的有效途径,是构建高质量开放创新体系的重要方式。国际技术扩散作为两个主体间的技术扩散活动具有方向性,不同国家的创新政策和技术发展战略侧重点不同,在技术扩散能力和技术吸收能力上均有差异。因而国家间需要构建高效、稳定的技术扩散网络,充分发挥自身的技术优势、补齐技术短板,进一步加大技术流动和增强创新能力。本研究基于技术扩散理论,运用专利引证数据构建“一带一路”共建国家间技术扩散网络,分时段纵向分析共建国家技术扩散网络的演化,分技术领域横向分析共建国家间技术扩散的特征,探索中国与共建国家间技术扩散的内容和路径。研究认为:中国在共建国家技术扩散网络中的核心地位逐步确立,且在“一带一路”倡议提出后中国的核心位置更加明显、技术扩散范围更加广泛;但整体技术扩散网络密度低,除中国外的其他国家间技术扩散关系构建较少;不同技术领域的技术扩散网络形态各有不同,其中化学技术领域的技术扩散最活跃、网络复杂度最高;俄罗斯在化学、机械工程、仪器、其他技术领域具有一定技术优势,并且对中国的技术扩散强度很大,而中国在电气工程技术领域更有技术扩散优势。

庆城页岩油泵入式光纤监测技术实践

庆城油田页岩油水平井主体采用分段多簇细分切割体积压裂技术,但目前仍存在多簇起裂效率不清晰的问题。为了评价多簇起裂有效性及裂缝延伸规律,开展了水平井泵入式光纤测试技术先导性试验,该技术具有工艺灵活、便捷高效及成本低的独特优势。测试结果表明,水平井分段多簇细分切割体积压裂通过射孔限流+颗粒暂堵方式,能够实现100%多簇完全起裂,但各簇进砂(液)量差异明显,各簇裂缝延伸不均衡。该项研究初步回答了多簇起裂有效性问题,并验证了水平井套管内泵入式光纤监测技术的可行性,丰富了水平井体积压裂效果评估测试手段,同时为鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油水平井压裂工艺及参数优化提供了重要依据。

高质量职业教育何以赋能新质生产力提升:欧洲深度科技人才计划的经验及启示

职业教育、科技创新与人才集聚的一体化协调发展是促进职业教育高质量发展与新质生产力提升内在需求有效耦合的关键破局点。欧洲“深度科技人才计划”,以强调多元利益主体共同参与的深度科技人才承诺、设立重大挑战与深度科技相结合的跨学科教育计划、构建深度科技人才培训在线教育课程资源平台、开展知识产权普及教育和促进创新创业成果孵化以及提供深度科技人才培训奖励和多元化的资金支持等路径,有效衔接了《欧洲新技能议程》等职业教育高质量发展政策的核心理念与《新欧洲创新议程》的实践内容,呈现出联结性、有组织、个性化与可持续性等特征,能够为我国职业教育赋能新质生产力提升提供一定借鉴。

高温热处理对花岗岩巴西劈裂裂纹萌生与破坏特征的影响

为研究高温对劈裂裂纹产生、扩展和贯通过程的影响,对25~1000℃热处理后的花岗岩开展巴西劈裂实验,采用数字图像相关技术(DigitalImagineCorrelation,DIC)跟踪分析了试样在劈裂过程中的主应变场演化。研究结果表明:1)随着热处理温度升高,花岗岩劈裂破坏后宏观断口处弯曲程度加剧,破坏模式由拉伸破坏变为拉剪混合破坏。2)不同高温劈裂条件下,花岗岩总体经历了弹性-塑性-破坏阶段。25℃时,试样发生脆性破坏,塑性变形和破坏阶段极短;100~500℃时,主应变在塑性阶段内明显累积,破坏阶段很短,仍为脆性断裂;600~1000℃时,破坏阶段明显,失效模式转变为延性破坏。3)随着温度升高,花岗岩延性逐渐增大,端部效应减弱,弹塑性过渡点PE-F相应的荷载水平线性降低。

“一带一路”沿线国家的生态合作及其路径研究

2023年是共建“一带一路”倡议提出十周年。“一带一路”沿线国家多为发展中国家,从贫穷落后走向发展振兴,从工业文明迈向生态文明是其共同面临的经济社会发展和生态环境挑战,放任生态环境恶化,必将阻碍沿线国家可持续发展,亟待加强生态合作。生态合作是沿线国家共同应对气候变化和经济绿色转型的现实需要,要加强气候领域的合作,建立政策响应机制,将应对气候变化作为实现发展方式转变的重大机遇;加强绿色能源合作,优化能源生产布局和消费结构,加快能源绿色低碳转型;构建绿色金融体系,开展绿色金融国际合作,为沿线国家的绿色发展建设提供资金支持;在绿色技术融资、技术制度管理、技术能力建设、技术知识产权等层面同向发力。沿线国家生态合作面临经济社会发展与生态环境保护、发展结构转型与环境保护制度、内部结构优化与外部发展掣肘之间的矛盾,由此构建生态利益共享机制、建立统一环境协调机构、推动国际绿色标准制定等,成为化解矛盾的重要路径。

NLR对初始治疗失败的社区获得性肺炎的预测价值及NGS在该疾病病原体中的应用

目的:评估中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(NLR)对初始治疗失败的社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的预测价值,并探讨二代测序技术(NGS)在初始治疗失败的CAP病原体检测中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2023年1月~2024年1月188例在吉林省人民医院治疗的CAP患者。根据患者对初始治疗72 h后的反应,将患者分为初始治疗有效组(n=139)和初始治疗失败组(n=49),比较组间血常规、降钙素原(PCT)、NLR水平差异,并根据二分类Logistic回归法筛选出影响CAP患者发生初始治疗失败的危险因素。根据受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析NLR对初始治疗失败的CAP的预测价值,并与CURB-65评分进行比较。其中30例初始治疗失败的CAP患者同时行NGS和传统病原学检测,比较两种检测方法在病原体检测结果中的差异。结果:初始治疗失败组NLR、PCT、血白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEU)高于初始治疗有效组,淋巴细胞计数(LYM)低于初始治疗有效组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);初始治疗失败组CURB-65评分高于初始治疗有效组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二分类Logistic回归显示NLR是初始治疗失败的CAP的独立预测因素。ROC曲线分析显示,与经典指标CURB-65评分比较,NLR对初始治疗失败的CAP具有更高的预测价值[曲线下面积(AUC):0.746 vs 0.698,均P>0.05]。本研究中当NLR截断值为6.62时,敏感度为65.3%,特异度为77.7%。与传统检测方法比较,NGS检测病原微生物阳性率更高,差异有统计学意义(66.7%vs 33.3%,P<0.05),微生物检出种类更多(35 vs 14)。结论:NLR是CAP患者发生初始治疗失败的独立危险因素,具有较高的独立预测价值。NGS作为新型病原体检测技术,与传统检测方法相比具有较高的阳性率,为初始治疗失败的CAP提供了更加快速准确的病原体检测技术,不仅提高了患者的治愈率,而且改善患者的远期预后。

“一带一路”视域下人才和农业科技合作模式研究

农业合作是推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展的重点领域,加强人才和农业科技国际合作是新形势下应对粮食安全、气候变暖等问题的有力举措。近年来,中国与“丝绸之路经济带”和“海上丝绸之路”沿线国家的农业合作逐渐稳步推进,随着合作机制逐渐完善、合作主体日益多元、合作深度不断加强,呈现出政府、企业和研究机构等多元主体积极参与的合作模式,但总体来看,由于主体协同性不足、复合型人才缺失等原因,中国与“一带一路”沿线国家人才和农业科技合作仍存在合作模式有待优化、科研经费投入不足、人才合作层次较浅等问题,为此提出加强多元主体协同、加快人才队伍建设等措施,以不断提高农业国际合作的韧性和可持续性。

城市面源污染的成因、影响因素及控制技术探析

在城市化扩张的大时代背景下,主要由人类住区和农业区的雨水径流引起的面源污染逐渐受到不同群体的关注。本文从城市面源污染的成因、影响因素和控制技术几个方面进行了介绍和总结。城市面源污染的形成是一个错综复杂、牵扯甚广的过程,需要从源头、过程和末端多角度考虑,工程措施和非工程措施多方面配合,因地制宜、多方位合作以实现对城市面源污染的综合治理。

我国中医药科技创新面临的挑战及发展举措

中医药学是我国具有原创优势的医疗与科技资源。党的十八大以来,国家中医药科学研究水平和科技创新能力显著提升,极大地促进了中医药的传承创新和发展。但是,中医药研究和科技创新也面临着资金投入少、研究平台层级低、研究队伍知识结构单一、前沿技术整合能力不足、研究项目碎片化、国际合作规模小、层次低等种种问题。本文从中医药科技创新现状出发,指出了我国中医药发展所面临的产品开发、独特技术流失和原创理论开发价值被流失的“三大”挑战。为了确保我国中医药原创理论的科学研究、价值开发、科技创新、产业发展等全方位的国际主导权,提出亟需重点构建“三大研究体系”,即新型中医病证结合临床诊疗体系、中医证候治疗药理学研究体系、中医临床研究底层支撑技术与方法学体系,并就上述体系构建的关键科学问题、重点任务、解决途径与方法进行了提炼,希望能为未来中医药研究和科技创新的重点布局提供参考。

内衬结构对活性破片高速驱动影响规律研究

为实现活性破片在高速驱动下的完整性,研究内衬结构对活性破片高速驱动的影响规律。根据能量守恒定律建立了考虑内衬伸长率的破片初速计算模型,选择2A12铝、20号钢与20号钢/芳纶复合结构三种内衬,基于物态方程分析了内衬与破片接触面上的界面压强,设计了2A12铝和20号钢/芳纶复合结构内衬战斗部方案,通过静爆试验对活性破片破碎情况及计算模型进行了验证。结果显示:20号钢伸长率较2A12铝提高了145.83%,20号钢/芳纶复合内衬战斗部较2A12铝内衬战斗部装填比降低了14%,破片初速提升了10.85%;所建立模型的计算结果与试验吻合较好,计算精度较现有模型提高了8%以上。基于试验结果和理论分析,表明20号钢/芳纶复合内衬实现了对活性破片2 300 m/s以上速度的爆炸完整驱动。

软弱地层盾构始发施工技术研究

依托澳门地区轻轨延伸横琴线横琴口岸地下站(HE–2站)盾构区间始发工程,基于现场实际施工方案,对盾构始发施工技术概况与技术流程展开研究。盾构始发是盾构施工的主要风险点之一,特别是在软弱地层,若控制不当或措施不到位,易导致水土流失和地面大面积沉陷,造成盾构进洞姿态突变、盾构出洞段轴线偏离等不良现象。实践表明,采用始发端头加固、始发托架及反力架加固、二次补强注浆等措施,可降低始发风险,确保盾构始发施工的安全性。