Analysis of The Value of Multi-Slice Spiral CT and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in The Diagnosis of Carpal Joint Injury

Objective:To analyze the value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the diagnosis of carpal joint injury.Methods:A total of 130 patients with suspected wrist injuries admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a single group(n=65)and a joint group(n=65).The single group was diagnosed using multi-slice spiral CT,and the joint group was diagnosed using multi-slice spiral CT and magnetic resonance imaging,with pathological diagnosis as the gold standard.The diagnostic results of both groups were compared to the gold standard,and the diagnostic energy efficiency of both groups was compared.Results:The diagnostic results of the single group compared with the gold standard were significant(P<0.05).The diagnostic results of the joint group compared with the gold standard were not significant(P>0.05).The sensitivity and accuracy of diagnosis in the joint group were significantly higher than that in the single group(P<0.05).The specificity of diagnosis in the joint group was higher as compared to that in the single group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combination of multi-slice spiral CT and MRI was highly accurate in diagnosing wrist injuries,and the misdiagnosis rate and leakage rate were relatively low.Hence,this diagnostic program is recommended to be popularized.

Three-dimensional Imaging of Multi-slice Spiral CT in Bronchial Artery Correlative Study on Blood Supply of Central Lung Cancer and Its Clinical Significance

Objective: To evaluate three-dimensional bronchial artery imaging charactersin central lung cancer and applied values with multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) to provide theoreticalevidence on blood supply and intervention therapy. Methods: Eighteen patients with central lungcancer underwent MSCT with real time helical thin-slice CT scanning. Three-dimensional bronchialartery reconstruction was done at the console work-station. The space anatomical characters ofbronchial artery were observed through different rotations. Results: For 6 cases, thethree-dimensional images of bronchial artery (33.33%) could exactly show the origins, the routes(lung inner segment and mediatism segment) and the diameters of bronchial arteries. Vision rate ofbronchial arteries was the highest in pulmonary artery stricture and truncation groups, and thevessels' diameter became larger apparently. These characters demonstrated blood supply of this kindof central lung cancer come from bronchial artery. Volume rendering images were the best ones amongthree-dimensional images. Conclusion: Three-dimensional imaging with MSCT in bronchial artery canreveal the anatomical characters of bronchial artery and provide theoretical evidence on bloodsupply and intervention therapy of central lung cancer.

Multi-slice Spiral CT Three-dimensional Portography in Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus of Hepatic Cancer

Objective: To study the clinical significance of multi-slice spiral CT 3-dimensional (3D) portography in portal vein tumor thrombosis of hepatocellular cacinoma.Methods: 57 cases undergoing 3D portography were collected, of which 6 cases were normal, 5 cases were subjected to cirrhosis and hypertension of portal vein, 42 cases had portal tumor thrombus of hepatic cancer, and the remaining 4 cases showed lymph node enlargment in hilar of liver. All data of the patients came from conventional multi-slice spiral CT double phase of liver. Contrast media was 1.5–2 ml/kg with the injection rate being 2.5–3 ml/s. Axis and 3D portography was analyzed and compared in 42 cases of portal tumor thrombus of hepatic cancer.Results: According to portal tumor thrombus position, 42 cases were fallen into three categories: left (13 cases), right (20 cases), main (9 cases) of potal vein. There was no difference between axis and 3D portography in displaying portal tumor thrombus of hepatic cancer (P>0.05), but 3D portography showing collateral branches was better than axis portography after main portal vein thrombus.Conclusion: Multi-slice spiral CT 3D portography can display the position and types of portal tumor thrombus of hepatic cancer. 3D combined with axis portography can better evaluate the portal tumor thrombus of hepatic cancer and guide to select the therapies. Key words portal vein - tumor thrombus - multi-slice CT - 3 dimension imaging

对比剂分次团注联合能量成像获得CTU和CTA联合成像的应用研究

目的:探讨对比剂分次团注结合双层探测器光谱CT 50 keV虚拟单能量图像(VMI),在CT泌尿系成像(CTU)与主动脉CTA联合成像中的应用价值。方法:收集2024年3月至4月在首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院Philips IQon双层探测器光谱CT行CTU检查患者32例为试验组。使用对比剂分次团注及团注追踪技术;扫描后重建常规120 kVp混合能量图像为A1组;光谱重建获得50 keV VMI为A2组。收集2023年12月至2024年3月间在相同设备行CTU检查患者32例为对照组,使用对比剂分离团注技术及团注追踪技术;扫描后重建常规120 kVp混合能量图像为B组。客观评价包括:比较3组腹主动脉、双侧肾动脉的CT值、对比噪声比(CNR)、信噪比(SNR);比较输尿管起始部平均CT值和中下部平均CT值,并采用Kruskal-Wallis检验,采用Nemenyi检验进行两两比较。试验组与对照组的有效辐射剂量比较采用Wilcoxon检验。主观评价由两名高年资影像医师分别对3组CTA及CTU图像进行4分法和3分法评价,两名医师主观评分的一致性采用Kappa检验。结果:客观评价指标中,A2组分别与A1组和B组比较,均有统计学差异;A1组与B组仅双侧肾动脉SNR有统计学差异。两组有效辐射剂量有统计学差异,试验组较对照组降低15.1%。3组CTA、CTU图像主观评价无统计学差异;两名医师对CTA图像评分结果一致性非常好,对CTU图像评分结果一致性好。结论:利用对比剂分次团注行CTU检查时,获得泌尿系及主动脉同时显影的融合图像,不仅具有明确的解剖关系及相同的图像质量,而且降低有效辐射剂量;光谱重建获得的50 keV虚拟单能量图像,优化CTU及CTA图像质量,具有临床价值。

Multi-slice spiral CT angiography in evaluating donors of living-related liver transplantation

BACKGROUND: During the past years, the number of liver transplantation has increased greatly, but the number of available organs has not increased. In view of the critical shortage of organs, the indications for living-related liver transplantation (LRLT) have broadened since experience with the procedure has been achieved. This study was undertaken to assess the value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) angiography in evaluating the hepatic arterial and veinous anatomy of potential donors for LRLT. METHODS: MSCT was performed after intravenous injection of contrast material at 3 ml/s. The total dose was calculated as 2 ml/kg. Twenty LRLT donors (2 men and 18 women) were subjected to MSCT angiography of hepatic blood vessels. These were generated by volume rendering and maximum intensity projection, while curved planar reformation was added in 5 patients. RESULTS: We identified 10 important hepatic vascular variants in 9 of the 20 donors (4 arterial, 4 venous, and 2 portal venous variants). In hepatic arterial variants, two had a replaced right hepatic artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery, an accessory right hepatic artery from the superior mesenteric artery and a replaced left hepatic artery arising from the left gastric artery. In hepatic venous variants, three had an accessory inferior right hepatic vein and one had two accessory inferior right hepatic veins. In hepatic portal venous variants, two had trifurcation of the main portal vein. CONCLUSIONS: As a non-invasive and reliable method, MSCT angiography is of value in the clinical evaluation of LRLT donors. MSCT angiography should be recommended as a routine preoperative examination for potential LRLT donors.

深度学习图像重建在虚拟平扫CT尿路成像中的应用价值

目的:探究深度学习图像重建(deep learning image reconstruction, DLIR)在基于能谱CT虚拟平扫(virtual non-contrast scan, VNC)的CT尿路成像(CT urography, CTU)中的图像质量和肾结石测量精度。方法:回顾性分析2022年9月至2023年4月期间于我院行腹盆平扫和CTU的90例患者的临床和影像学资料。所有患者均在常规行腹盆CT平扫后,进行能谱模式的多期CTU扫描。真实平扫采用ASIR-V 70%权重进行重建(TNC-AR70组)。基于基于实质期及排泌期数据分别获得2组VNC图像,再分别结合DLIR中档和高档权重重建得到4组VNC图像,即实质期-VNC-DLIR中档(venous phase-VNC-DLIR medium, VP-VNC-DM)组、实质期-VNC-DLIR高档(venous phaseVNC-DLIR high, VP-VNC-DH)组、排泌期-VNC-DLIR中档(delay phase-VNC-DLIR medium, DP-VNC-DM)组、排泌期-VNC-DLIR高档(delay phase-VNC-DLIR high,DP-VNC-DH)组。记录平扫、实质期及排泌期的辐射剂量。在5组图像上分别测量CT值、噪声(SD)、信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio, SNR)和对比噪声比(contrast-to-noise ratio, CNR),并进行组间比较。由2位资深放射诊断医师,用李克特五级量表法(Likert Scale)计分方法对图像质量和病灶显示度进行主观评价。此外,以TNC作为标准,采用Bland-Altman分析VNC上肾结石的CT值和体积的测量差异。结果:在客观图像质量评价上,VNC-DH组图像质量优于TNC-AR70,且5组图像间的CT值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);DP-VNCDH组的图像噪声最低,SNR、CNR最高。在主观评价方面,DP-VNC-DH组的图像质量评分最高,而VP-VNC-DH组在病灶显示度方面表现最佳。在结石的CT值和体积测量上,4组VNC重建图像与真实平扫之间均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:在CTU检查中,基于DLIR重建技术的VNC图像质量优于基于ASIR-V 70%重建的真实平扫,推荐结合使用实质期和排泌期的DLIR-H重建VNC图像代替真实平扫,以减少CTU扫描的辐射剂量。

不同剂量的多层螺旋CT尿路造影在输尿管结石中的诊断价值

目的:分析不同剂量多层螺旋CT尿路造影(MSCTU)在输尿管结石中的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2019年6月至2021年6月我院确诊的91例输尿管结石患者,均接受低剂量和常规剂量MSCTU诊断,以手术病理为金标准,对低剂量和常规剂量MSCTU诊断输尿管结石的诊断效能进行分析,并分析低剂量和常规剂量MSCTU的图像质量和扫描参数。结果:低剂量MSCTU诊断输尿管结石的准确率、灵敏度和漏诊率分别为95.60%(87/91)、95.60%(87/91)和4.40%(4/91),常规剂量MSCTU诊断输尿管结石的准确率、灵敏度和漏诊率分别为97.82%(89/91)、97.82%(89/91)和2.20%(2/91),组间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.689、0.689、0.689,P=0.406、0.406、0.406,P>0.05);低剂量和常规剂量MSCTU诊断输尿管结石图像质量的优良率分别为87.91%(80/91)和93.41%(85/91),组间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.622,P=0.203,P>0.05);低剂量MSCTU扫描的CT剂量指数、CT辐射剂量和剂量长度乘积[(34.38±6.18)mGy、(20.46±4.87)mGy和(42.34±8.92)mGy·cm]均小于常规剂量MSCTU扫描[(39.65±7.69)mGy、(29.68±5.24)mGy和(75.39±10.26)mGy·cm],组间差异具有统计学意义(t=5.096、12.295、23.190,P=0.000、0.000、0.000,P<0.05)。结论:在输尿管结石诊断中应用低剂量MSCTU的临床价值良好,诊断效能和图像质量良好,且可有效减轻CT辐射对人体的影响。

Study on the combined value of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of elderly colorectal cancer colorectal cancer tumor markers

Objective:To investigate the value of tumor markers in colorectal cancer with multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of elderly colorectal cancer.Methods:From January 2016 to September 2017 year period, 73 elderly patients with colorectal cancer treated in our hospital were selected as observation group;64 elderly patients with intestinal benign lesions were selected as control group during the same period. Serum samples were collected to detect contents of CEA, CA72-4, CA19-9 and CYFRA21-1 by Roche luminous immunoassay analyzer, and multi slice spiral CT was used.Results:Serum levels of CEA, CA72-4, CA19-9 and CYFRA21-1 levels of the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group;the positive rate of CEA, CA72-4, CA19-9, CYFRA21-1 and their combined detection were all significantly higher than that of the control group;positive rate of MSCT in the observation group was higher than the control group;positive rates of tumor markers combining with MSCT examination of colorectal cancer were higher than that of combined detection of tumor markers and MSCT examination;but there was no significant difference in positive rate of combined detection of tumor markers and the positive rate of MSCT detection of colorectal cancer.Conclusion:Colorectal cancer tumor markers combined with multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer in elderly has important research value, can significantly improve the positive rate of diagnosis.

Establishing models of portal vein occlusion and evaluating value of multi-slice CT in hepatic VX2 tumor in rabbits

AIM： To establish models of portal vein occlusion of hepatic VX2 tumor in rabbits and to evaluate the value of multi-slice CT. METHODS： Forty New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups according to digital table： Immediate group （group A; transplantation of tumor immediately after the portal vein occlusion）, 3-wk group （group B; transplantation of tumor at 3 wk after the portal vein occlusion）, negative control group （group C） and positive control group （group D）, 10 rabbits in each group. Hepatic VX2 tumor was transplanted with abdominalembedding innoculation immediately after the portal vein occlusion and at 3 wk after the portal vein occlusion. Meanwhile, they were divided into negative control group （Left external branch of portal vein was occluded by sham-operation, and left exite was embedded and inoculated pseudoly） and positive control group （Transplanted tumor did not suffer from the portal vein occlusion）. All rabbits were scanned with multi-slice CT. RESULTS： All 40 animals were employed in the final analysis without death. Tumor did not grow in both immediate group and 3-wk group. In 3-wk group, left endite was atrophied and growth of tumor was inhibited. The maximal diameter of tumor was significantly smaller than that in positive control group （2.55±0.46 vs 3.59±0.37 cm, t = 5.57, P 〈 0.001）. Incidences of metastasis in the liver and lung were lower in 3-wk group than those in positive control group （10% vs 400, and 90% vs 100%, respectively）. The expression intensities of the vascular endothelium growth factor （VEGF） in groups A, B, C and D were 0.10±0.06, 0.66±0.21, 0.28±0.09 and 1.48±0.32, respectively. VEGF expression level in the test group A was significantly lower than that in the negative control group C （t = 5.07; P 〈 0.001）.In addition, VEGF expression in the test group B was significantly lower than that in the positive control group D （t = 6.38; P 〈 0.001）. Scanning with multi-slice CT showed that displaying rate of hepatic artery branches was obviously lower in grade Ⅲ（40%） than that in grade Ⅰ（70%） and Ⅱ（100%） （P 〈 0.05）; but there was no significant difference in displaying rate of the portal vein at various grades. Values of blood flow （BF） of the liver, blood volume （BV）, mean transit time （MTT） and permeability of vascular surface （PS） were lower in the immediate group and 3-wk group than those in control groups, but values of hepatic arterial fraction （HAF） were increased. Significant positive correlations were existed between BF and BV （r = 0.905, P 〈 0.01）, and between BF and PS （r = 0.967, P 〈 0.01）, between BV and PS （r = 0.889, P 〈 0.01）. A significant negative correlation existed between PV and HAF （r = -0.768, P 〈 0.01）, between PS and HAF （r = -0.557, P 〈 0.01）. The values of BF, BV and PS had a positive correlation with VEGF （rBF = 0.842, rBV = 0.579, rPS = 0.811, P 〈 0.01） . However, there was no significant correlation between the values of MTT and HAF and the VEGF expression （rMTt = 0.066, rHAF = -0.027）. CONCLUSION： Ligating the left external branch of portal vein is an ideal way to establish models of portal vein occlusion in rabbits with hepatic VX2 tumor. Multi slice CT plays a key role in evaluating effect of portal vein occlusion.

Value of Multi-slice Spiral CT in the Diagnosis and Resectability of Pancreatic Cancer

Objective:To analyze the value of multislice spiral CT in the diagnosis and resectability of pancreatic cancer.Method:56 patients with pancreatic cancer treated in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2019 were selected as the research subjects.All patients underwent multi-phase scanning by multislice spiral CT.According to the results of the images,observe whether the pancreatic cancer has affected the blood vessels surrounding the pancreas,evaluate the resectability based on the results of the examination,and analyze the final results of the operation which was taken as the standard.Results:all the 56 cases presented slightly low density or equal density,and 28 cases had complete outline.Multi-slice spiral assessment of patients’vascular invasion types found that 192 branches can be resected with 70 branches cannot;Multi-slice spiral assessment of the main arterial and venous invasion grades around the pancreas of the patients found that 212 branches can be resected with 50 branches cannot;Multi-slice spiral CT was used to evaluate the resectability of pancreatic cancer compared with surgical results.The accuracy of resectable types of vascular invasion was 72.52%;the accuracy of resectable vascular invasion grades was 79.39%.Conclusion:the application of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer can provide a clear understanding of the condition of vascular invasion and distant metastasis,and the accuracy of assessing resection can reach more than 70.00%,which provides a reference for clinical application.

泌尿系梗阻性疾病患者采用64排螺旋CT平扫及三维尿路成像技术的价值

目的:探索64排螺旋CT平扫及三维尿路成像技术对泌尿系梗阻性疾病诊断优势。方法:以疑似泌尿系梗阻性疾病患者支撑本次研究,开展各项数据分析,截取时间点为2022年1月-2023年6月,筛选70例,以病理检查作为金标准为后续研究提供参考,对患者开展64排螺旋CT平扫及三维尿路成像技术诊断,观察其诊断结果,分析该技术诊断优势与价值。结果:疑似70例泌尿系梗阻性疾病患者病理诊断检出阳性68例,2例阴性,该结果作为金标准,为后续研究提供参考;64排螺旋CT平扫及三维尿路成像技术检出阳性68例,阴性2例,误诊与漏诊情况存在(1例漏诊、1例误诊),计算指标诊断符合、灵敏度、特异度(分别为97.14%、98.53%、50.00%),相比病理诊断指标无对比性(P>0.05)。诊断结果中,病理诊断检出肿瘤6例(8.82%)、输尿管畸形15例(22.06%)、泌尿系结石28例(41.18%)、尿路狭窄19例(27.94%),检出率100.00%;64排螺旋CT平扫及三维尿路成像技术诊断检出肿瘤6例(8.82%)、输尿管畸形15例(22.06%)、泌尿系结石28例(41.18%)、尿路狭窄18例(26.47%),检出率98.53%,数值无对比差异(P>0.05)。结论:64排螺旋CT平扫及三维尿路成像技术对泌尿系梗阻性疾病具有较高的诊断价值,可以精准地进行病灶观察,减少外界因素对病症产生的影响,提高诊断精准性,有助于患者尽早确诊,对于临床病症诊断具有良好的参考价值。

多层螺旋CT泌尿系造影检查在输尿管结石中的临床应用价值

目的:探究多层螺旋CT泌尿系造影检查(Multi-slice spiral CT urography,MSCTU)在输尿管结石中的临床应用价值。方法:选取2020年3月至2022年9月本院收治的61例输尿管结石患者作为研究对象,所有患者均进行静脉尿路造影(Intravenous Pyelogram,IVP)及MSCTU检查。记录并对比两种检查结石数量、大小、肾积水诊断准确率、结石位置诊断准确率和两种检查诊断价值。结果:MSCTU在结石数量、大小及肾积水诊断准确率均明显高于IVP(P<0.05)。MSCTU位置诊断总准确率明显高于IVP诊断总准确率(P<0.05)。MSCTU诊断输尿管结石的灵敏度和特异度均明显高于IVP检查(P<0.05)。结论:MSCTU在对结石数量、大小、位置以及肾积水的诊断准确率均高于IVP,可为临床提高更全面的影像学信息。

Comparison of the Imaging Manifestations and Diagnostic Values of Multi-slice Spiral CT and Enhanced MRI Scans of Primary Liver Cancer(PLC)Intrahepatic Lesions

Objective:To compare and analyze the clinical diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI for primary liver cancer(PLC),and to summarize the imaging findings.Methods:The research subjects in this article were 50 patients with PLC who were admitted to our hospital from 2017 April to 2018 September.After the patients were admitted,they were examined by multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI scanning,and the pathological diagnosis results were followed up.Relevant information was reviewed and analyzed.Results:The detection rate of multi-slice spiral CT was higher than that of MRI in the portal venous phase lesion detection.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of lesions in the arterial phase and delayed phase was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the diagnostic accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT was 85.96%,and the diagnostic accuracy of enhanced MRI scanning was 91.11%,which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).MRI scans showed the capsules of primary liver cancer better than CT,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:In conclusion,both multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI can be used for the effective diagnosis of primary liver cancer intrahepatic lesions.The diagnostic value of the two is equivalent,but enhanced MRI has a slightly higher diagnostic accuracy and can be used as the preferred method.

CT尿路成像辅助定位对微创经皮肾镜碎石取石术治疗上尿路结石的临床分析

目的:探讨CT尿路成像辅助定位对微创经皮肾镜碎石取石术治疗上尿路结石的临床效果。方法:纳入2022年1月至2023年1月我院100例上尿路结石患者,随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组50例。对照组术前行静脉肾盂造影辅助定位,研究组术前行CT尿路成像辅助定位。比较两组手术情况、穿刺成功率、结石取净率及并发症发生情况。结果:研究组手术时间、肾造瘘管留置时间及术后住院时间均短于对照组,手术失血量少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组相比对照组的一次穿刺成功率[94%vs.80%]、结石一期取净率[82%vs.60%]及结石总取净率[96%vs.78%]均高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:上尿路结石患者微创经皮肾镜碎石取石术前行CT尿路成像辅助定位可缩短手术时间及术后恢复时间,减少手术失血量,提升穿刺成功率、结石取净率,降低并发症发生率。

CT尿路造影在输尿管中下段结石诊断中的应用价值分析

目的分析在输尿管中下段结石诊断中应用CT尿路造影的临床价值。方法纳入2021年3月—2023年3月南京医科大学无锡人民医院接受诊治的106例疑似输尿管中下段结石的患者作为研究对象,均给予常规CT和CT尿路造影检查,以手术检查结果为诊断金标准,对常规CT和CT尿路造影的诊断效能,并对比常规CT和CT尿路造影检查诊断输尿管中下段结石的数量、大小和结石部位的符合率。结果CT尿路造影检查的准确率95.28%、灵敏度97.53%、特异度88.00%、阴性预测值91.67%均高于常规CT,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.266、8.890、3.947、8.619,P<0.05);CT尿路造影检查的阳性预测值高于常规CT,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CT尿路造影诊断输尿管中下段结石数量的符合率高于常规CT,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论CT尿路造影在输尿管中下段结石诊断中的效能良好,可帮助临床明确结石数量、大小和部位,尤其是在微小结石检出方面的符合率较高,可提高诊断的精准性。

多层螺旋CT尿路造影与DCE-MRI对肌层浸润性膀胱癌的诊断价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT尿路造影(MSCTU)与动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)对肌层浸润性膀胱癌的诊断价值。方法选取2020年5月至2022年6月诊治的150例疑似膀胱癌患者作为研究对象,以病理结果为金标准,经金标准确诊为膀胱癌共72例,并在金标准确诊前予以多层螺旋CT尿路造影与DCE-MRI扫描,对比两种检查方法与金标准符合情况,计算阳性和阴性预测值,采用ROC曲线模型分析多层螺旋CT尿路造影与DCE-MRI诊断肌层浸润性膀胱癌的AUC值、敏感度及特异度。结果150例疑似膀胱癌患者经MSCTU检查后,阳性和阴性预测值分别为83.58%、80.72%;经DCE-MRI检查后,阳性和阴性预测值分别为94.37%、93.67%。其中,DCE-MRI准确率高于MSCTU(χ^(2)=6.080,P=0.032)。经金标准确诊为膀胱癌患者中,肌层浸润性膀胱癌45例、非肌层浸润性膀胱癌27例;经MSCTU检查后确诊为肌层浸润性膀胱癌共35例,其中T2a占6例、T2b占10例、T3占12例、T4占7例;经DCE-MRI检查后确诊为肌层浸润性膀胱癌共41例,其中T2a占10例、T2b占11例、T3占13例、T4占7例。ROC曲线分析显示,MSCTU、DCE-MRI诊断肌层浸润性膀胱癌的AUC值分别为(0.787、0.947,P<0.05);MSCTU与DCE-MRI的AUC比较,Z=2.432、P=0.014;MSCTU、DCE-MRI诊断肌层浸润性膀胱癌的AUC值分别为(0.787、0.947,P<0.05);MSCTU的AUC值高于DCE-MRI(Z=2.432、P=0.014)。结论MSCTU与DCE-MRI在肌层浸润性膀胱癌诊断中均具有一定价值,其中以DCE-MRI诊断确诊率更高,更有利于评估病灶肌层浸润情况,为临床诊治提供重要参考信息。

Role of multi- slice CT urography over ultrasonography in patients with hematuria

Objective:Understanding the role of Multi-slice CT Urography(MSCTU)over Ultrasonography(US)in patients presenting with hematuria.Materials and Methods:Retrospective study enrolled 131 patients presenting with hematuria[microscopic hematuria(n=60)]and macroscopic hematuria(n=71)]who have undergone both MSCTU and US of urinary tract system simultaneously.Results of tests were compared with respective surgical and histopathological analysis of lesion.The cases obtained were bladder carcinoma,ureter carcinoma,renal carcinoma,urinary tract calculi and bladder inflammation.PASW-18thstatistical tool was used for obtaining statistical analysis and final interpretation of results.Results:The sensitivity and specificity of MSCTU and US for recognition of lesions presenting with macroscopic hematuria were 95.38%,83.33%and 81.54%,66.67%respectively and for those with microscopic hematuria were 96.08%,88.89%and 86.27%,77.8%respectively.The positive and negative likelihood ratios of MSCTU and US in macroscopic category were 5.73,0.055 and 2.46,0.277 respectively while for those in microscopic category were 8.65,0.044 and 3.88,0.176 respectively.In context to the sensitivity of MSCTU and US in patients presenting with macroscopic hematuriathedifferenceswere significant(McNemar's test,P=0.039)suggesting the tests are not similar whereas for those with microscopic hematuria the differences were not significant(Mc Nemar's test,P=2.68)indicatingsimilarity between these tests.Conclusion:Diagnostic efficacy of MSCTU is found to be far superior over US for patients presenting with macroscopic hematuria,thus current practice of using it as a first line modality seems to be justified.However,for those presenting with microscopic hematuria MSCTU and ultrasonography shows near to similar resultsin accordance to MSCTU,thus US alone seems sufficient to exclude significant urinary tract lesions.

多层CT尿路成像检查在非结石性尿路梗阻诊断中的效能

目的:分析多层CT尿路成像检查在非结石性尿路梗阻诊断中的效能。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年6月该院收治的92例疑似非结石性尿路梗阻患者进行前瞻性研究,所有患者均行多层CT尿路成像检查,以手术诊断结果为金标准,分析多层CT尿路成像检查在非结石性尿路梗阻诊断中的效能,并采用Kappa检验多层CT尿路成像检查与手术在非结石性尿路梗阻诊断中的一致性。结果:手术诊断结果显示,92例疑似非结石性尿路梗阻患者确诊阳性80例,包括泌尿系肿瘤28例,肿瘤侵犯或外源性压迫22例,泌尿系慢性炎症20例,先天发育畸形5例,术后肠粘连5例;确诊阴性12例;多层CT尿路成像检查结果显示,阳性79例,阴性13例;多层CT尿路成像检查诊断非结石性尿路梗阻的灵敏度为97.50%,特异度为96.74%,准确度为96.74%,阳性预测值为98.73%,阴性预测值为84.62%,误诊率为9.09%,漏诊率为15.38%;多层CT尿路成像检查与手术诊断结果的一致性极好(Kappa=0.861,P<0.05)。结论:多层CT尿路成像检查诊断非结石性尿路梗阻的效能极高。

正常集合系统分次团注双期与传统单次团注多期CT泌尿系造影的比较

目的研究分次团注双期扫描法CTU与传统单次团注多期CT泌尿系造影(CTU)相比降低有效放射剂量的效能。方法对57例血尿患者分别进行分次团注双期扫描(26例)和常规单次团注多期扫描(31例),评价分泌期图像,包括肾盂、肾盏及各段输尿管显影质量及管腔扩张度。记录所有患者扫描时容积CT剂量指数和剂量长度乘积,计算有效剂量。应用Mann-Whitney秩和检验比较两组患者上尿路管腔内CT值、扩张程度、各段的显影长度和患者接受的有效剂量。结果肾盂、肾盏及各段输尿管的显影长度评分及管腔扩张度组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但CT值组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分次团注双期CTU患者有效剂量为(16.07±0.47)mSv,单次团注多期CTU有效剂量为(26.12±0.59)mSv(P<0.05)。结论分次团注双期扫描法CTU图像在泌尿系扩张程度及显影度上与传统单次团注多期CTU无明显差异,但可显著降低患者辐射剂量。

比较MSCTU与IVU诊断输尿管病变的价值

目的:比较多层螺旋CT尿路造影(MSCTU)与静脉尿路造影(IVU)诊断输尿管病变的价值。材料和方法:31例患者分别行腹部加压IVU及腹部加压MSCTU。将MSCTU获得的图像传输至独立工作站,并进行三维(3D)、最大密度投影(M IP)、多平面重组(MPR)、曲面重建(CPR)等技术处理。结果:MSCTU诊断符合率、肾脏显影率及输尿管梗阻扩张显示率分别比IVU高41.9%、16.1%和6.5%。结论:MSCTU诊断输尿管病变的诊断、判断肾功能和显示输尿管梗阻扩张程度均优于IVU。