Efficacy of multi-slice spiral computed tomography in evaluating gastric cancer recurrence after endoscopic submucosal dissection

BACKGROUND Recurrence is the major challenge facing endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)-based treatment therapies for early gastric cancer(EGC).Urgent development of simple and easy surveillance approaches will enhance clinical treatment of the disease.AIM To explore the role of computed tomography(CT)recurrence in evaluating EGC after ESD treatment.METHODS We retrospectively recruited patients from our endoscopy department,between January 2002 and December 2015,and analyzed their basic characteristics,including symptoms,CT results,and results of endoscopy with biopsy,among others.RESULTS Among a total of 2150 patients EGC patients surveyed,1362 met our inclusion and exclusion criteria and were therefore enrolled in our study.The cohort’s sensitivity of CT for recurrent GC and specificity were 44.22%and 43.86%,respectively,with negative and positive predictive values of 40.15%(275/685)and 48.01%(325/677),respectively.The area under the curve of arterial and venous CT values for recurrent EGC were 0.545,and 0.604,respectively.Receiver operating characteristic curve revealed no statistically significant differences between arterial and venous CT values for recurrent EGC.CONCLUSION Enhanced CT has superior diagnostic efficacy,but less accuracy,compared to gold standard techniques in patients with recurrent EGC.

Segmental radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using multi-slice spiral computed tomography guidance

Objective： To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of segmental radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein （PV） ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation （AF） under multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） guidance before the procedure. Methods： A series of 58 consecutive patients with refractory paroxysmal AF were enrolled to undergo segmental radiofrequency ablation ofPV ostia. The 36 male and 22 female patients with mean age of （57.4±9.5） （32-79） years and no obvious organic heart disease. Before ablation, patients received MSCT to generate 3-dimentional image of the left atrium （LA） and proximal PVs. Patients then underwent segmental radiofrequency ablation ofPV ostia using PV circular mapping catheter manipulated several times to ensure complete isolation between PVs and LA. Results： No complications occurred during the procedure. One patient developed delayed cardiac tamponade, which was drained percutaneously. The mean follow-up time was （17.1±9.3） months. Forty-one patients （95%） experienced improved quality of life one month after the procedure. Thirty-six patients （83%） showed stable sinus rhythm, while 10 patients （23%） required additional anti-arrhythmic drugs. AF returned≥1 time in 6 （14%） patients who underwent anti-arrhythmic drug therapy, but the number of episodes was less than that before the procedure. However, one patient experienced recurrent episodes of atrial flutter. Conclusion： It is safe and effective to perform segmental radiofrequency ablation of PV ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal AF using MSCT guidance mappening.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in diagnosing unstable pelvic fractures in elderly and effect of less invasive stabilization

BACKGROUND Older people are more likely to experience pelvic fractures than younger people.Multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)uses three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction technology to generate 3D images that can clearly demonstrate the 3D space of fractures and detect fractures at a higher rate.AIM To investigate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT 3D reconstruction in the diagnosis of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly as well as the effect of less invasive stabilization.METHODS A total of 86 patients with unstable pelvic fractures treated between March 2016 and March 2019 underwent femoral supracondylar bone traction before surgery.Pelvic radiography and multi-row spiral CT were performed successively once the patient’s vital signs and hemodynamic indices were stable.Secondary processing of the original data was performed to obtain 3D reconstruction images and determine the vertical displacement of the pelvis.After basic or complete reduction,minimally invasive internal fixation using hollow lag screws was performed.The detection rates of fracture location and classification by X-ray and CT reconstruction were compared.Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of preoperative 3D reconstruction to compare postoperative reduction,wound healing time,fracture healing time,hospitalization time,visual analog scale(VAS)score,poor internal fixation,and functional recovery.RESULTS The diagnostic coincidence rates of X-rays for pubic symphysis,ilium wing,sacroiliac periarticular,and sacral fractures were lower than those of CT reconstruction.The coincidence rate of CT reconstruction in the clinical classification of pelvic fractures was 100%,whereas 11 cases were misdiagnosed by X-ray;the total coincidence rate was 87.21%.The total excellent and good rates of postoperative reduction were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing,fracture healing,and hospitalization times were significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The VAS scores decreased in both groups postoperatively and were lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of poor postoperative internal fixation was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The overall rate of postoperative functional recovery was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Multi-slice spiral CT has high guiding significance for the diagnosis,classification,and treatment of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly.Preoperative 3D reconstruction can effectively shorten the operation time and promote fracture healing,while minimally invasive internal fixation can effectively reduce pain and promote functional recovery of fracture sites,making it worthy of clinical application.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in differential diagnosis of gastric stromal tumors and benign gastric polyps,and gastric stromal tumor risk stratification assessment

BACKGROUND The biological characteristics of gastric stromal tumors are complex,and their incidence has increased in recent years.Gastric stromal tumors(GST)have potential malignant tendencies,and the probability of transformation into malignant tumors is as high as 20%-30%.AIM To investigate the value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT)in the differential diagnosis of GST and benign gastric polyps,and GST risk stratification assessment.METHODS We included 64 patients with GST(GST group)and 60 with benign gastric polyps(control group),confirmed by pathological examination after surgery in PLA General Hospital,from January 2016 to June 2021.The differences in the MSCT imaging characteristic parameters and enhanced CT values between the two groups before surgery were compared.According to the National Institutes of Health’s standard,GST is divided into low-and high-risk groups for MSCT imaging characteristic parameters and enhanced CT values.RESULTS The incidences of extraluminal growth,blurred boundaries,and ulceration in the GST group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The CT values and enhanced peak CT values in the arterial phase in the CST group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The MSCT differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyp sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and areas under the curve(AUCs)were 73.44%,83.33%,26.56%,16.67%,0.784,respectively.The receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted with the arterial CT value and enhanced peak CT value,with a statistical difference.The results showed that the sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and AUC value of arterial CT in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyps were 80.18%,62.20%,19.82%,37.80%,and 0.710,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and AUC value of the enhanced peak CT value in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyps were 67.63%,60.40%,32.37%,39.60%,and 0.710,respectively.The incidence of blurred lesion boundaries and ulceration in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group(P<0.05).The arterial phase and enhanced peak CT values in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the low-risk group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Presurgical MSCT examination has important value in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric benign polyps and can effectively evaluate the risk grade of GST patients.

Portal vein computed tomography imaging characteristics and their relationship with bleeding risk in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing interventional therapy

BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the predictive value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)perfusion imaging for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.A total of 62 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension and 28 healthy individuals were included.The results showed that multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging had a significant predictive value for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.The vascular area,number of vascular cross-sections,and gastric coronary vein diameter(GCVD)showed high predictive values,with the vascular area having the best predictive value.AIM To investigate the predictive accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.METHODS This study included 62 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension(disease group)and 28 healthy individuals(control group).The disease group was further divided into two subgroups:Group A(n=27,bleeding)and group B(n=35,no bleeding).All patients underwent multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging at our hospital,and we compared various parameters such as liver blood flow,vein size,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area between the two groups.We employed statistical analysis to identify factors associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and created a graph comparing the predictive value of different factors for bleeding.RESULTS We found no difference in hepatic artery(HAP)levels among the three groups(all P>0.05).The portal vein levels in groups A and B were much lower than in the control group;group A was much lower than group B(all P<0.05).The HAP perfusion index levels in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;group A was much higher than group B(all P<0.05).The portal vein diameter,splenic vein diameter,and GCVD levels in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;those in group A were much higher than those in group B(all P<0.05).The number of blood vessels and blood vessel area in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;those in group A were much higher than those in group B(all P<0.05).The statistical method showed a strong link between GCVD,number of blood vessels,blood vessel area,and upper gastrointestinal bleeding(odds ratio=1.275,1.346,1.397,P<0.05).The graph showed that GCVD,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area could predict bleeding well,with blood vessel area having the best prediction power.CONCLUSION That multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging can predict upper gastrointestinal bleeding well in patients with cirrhosis and high blood pressure in the portal vein.GCVD,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area had high prediction power.The blood vessel area had the best prediction power,with an area under the curve of 0.831.

64排螺旋CT检测冠心病患者冠状动脉斑块分型的分布特点与其血清IL-6、TNF-α含量的相关性

目的通过64排螺旋CT检测各型冠心病中软斑块、混合斑块、钙化斑块的分布,探讨冠脉斑块稳定性与IL-6和TNF-α含量的相关性。方法选择89例住院接受冠脉造影的患者根据临床诊断分为正常对照组、稳定型心绞痛组(SAP)和急性冠脉综合征组(ACS)(不包括急性ST段抬高的心肌梗死)。64排螺旋CT检查后根据斑块性质分为正常对照组、软斑块组、混合斑块组和钙化斑块组,测定血清IL-6和TNF-α。结果①在ACS组软斑块、混合斑块的分布显著高于钙化斑块(P<0.001),而在SAP组钙化斑块的分布显著高于ACS组(P<0.001);②各斑块组平均血清IL-6和TNF-α水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);软斑块组、混合斑块组平均血清IL-6和TNF-α水平高于钙化斑块组(P<0.05);而于软斑块组和混合斑块组间平均血清IL-6和TNF-α水平比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);③ACS组平均血清IL-6和TNF-α水平显著高于对照组及SAP组(均P<0.01)。结论①64排螺旋CT冠脉造影可较准确地显示冠心病患者病变冠状动脉斑块的性质;②血清IL-6、TNF-α平可较好反映冠心病患者冠状动脉斑块的不稳定性;③64排螺旋CT检测分析斑块在各型冠心病分布特点及IL-6、TNF-α含量分析,可对冠状动脉斑块的稳定性进行评估,对预测心血管事件及危险分级提供有益参考。

多层螺旋CT冠脉成像与导管法冠状动脉造影对比观察

目的与导管法冠状动脉造影结果对照,评价多排螺旋CT对冠心病的诊断价值。方法30例临床诊断为冠心病的患者,在1周内分别进行多排螺旋CT检查和导管法冠状动脉造影检查,对冠脉狭窄情况进行评估。结果30例患者冠脉造影显示内径≥2mm的312个冠状动脉节段中,冠状动脉CT图像质量能满足影像学评价为260节段,占83.3%;不能满足影像学评价为52节段,占16.7%。冠脉造影显示有42节段血管直径狭窄≥50%,冠脉CT显像显示有35节段血管直径狭窄≥50%。与冠脉造影比较,冠脉CT显像的敏感性83.3%,特异性96.3%,阳性预测价值81.4%,阴性预测价值96.8%。冠脉造影和冠脉CT显像均可较好地显示冠状动脉支架的位置和形态结构。结论MSCT冠脉显像对冠状动脉狭窄的显示具有较高的准确性,通过多种图像后处理技术能够较好地显示冠状动脉支架的位置和形态结构,MSCT冠脉显像具有广阔的应用前景。

64层螺旋CT对胃间质瘤的诊断价值

目的:通过分析胃间质瘤(GST)64层螺旋CT的影像特点,旨在探讨其对胃间质瘤的影像诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析15例经病理证实的GST的影像表现,包括常规扫描、横轴面、冠状面和矢状面重组(MPR)图像。结果:该组病例中病变主要位于胃体8例、胃窦4例、胃底3例。其中良性4例,潜在恶性4例,恶性7例。良性直径多<5cm,边界清楚,恶性直径多>5cm,边缘分叶。病理示肿瘤多为梭形和上皮细胞,CD117(+)100%,CD34(+)80%。结论:64层螺旋CT对GST定位准确,对肿瘤良、恶性的判别及预后的估计有重要价值。

New progress in CT and MRI examination and diagnosis of small intestinal tumors

Precise examination and diagnosis of small intestinal tumors is difficult because of the curved course and overlapping canal of the small intestine. Traditional technology for intestinal canal examination and endoscopy cannot exhibit the intestinal wall and extra-luminal structure well. With the development and advancement of multi-slice spiral computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography enteroclysis (CTE) and magnetic resonance enteroclysis (MRE) are widely used in the examination and diagnosis of small intestinal tumors. CTE and MRE, with three-dimensional imaging capabilities and excellent soft-tissue contrast, can analyze the abnormalities of peripheral intestinal structure as well as the tunica mucosa. In addition, these two technologies can clearly reveal the localization, appearance, degree of mesenteric infiltration and remote tumor metastasis, which increases our cognition of the imaging diagnosis for intestinal tumors. Here we review recent progress in imaging (CT and MRI) examination and diagnosis of small intestinal tumors.

MSCT检测尘肺患者主肺动脉直径改变的早期诊断意义

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)检测主肺动脉直径改变用于尘肺患者早期的临床诊断意义。方法选取2013年1月至2015年6月就诊的120例患者纳入研究,分为对照组(A组)、尘肺Ⅰ期组(B组)、尘肺Ⅱ期组(C组)和尘肺Ⅲ期组(D组),每组30例。对4组患者采用高千伏片和MSCT两种方法进行检测,高千伏片进行胸前后位检测,MSCT测定B、C、D组肺动脉直径、右肺动脉直径、左肺动脉直径、主动脉/升主动脉值、主动脉/降主动脉值。并且利用肺功能机测定患者第1秒最大呼气量占预计值的百分比。对两种检测方式的阳性结果进行比较,MSCT测定患者直径指标间进行比较,并且分析直径指标和第1秒最大呼气量占预计值百分比的相关性。结果 MSCT在早期图像诊断方面较高千伏片方法清晰可靠,对尘肺患者阳性检出率在早期诊断率高于高千伏胸片,且各个分期均有所提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MSCT所测定的患者的肺动脉直径、左肺动脉直径、右肺动脉直径、主动脉/升主动脉值、主动脉/降主动脉值,且五项指标与EFV1%间呈现负相关关系(r=-0.31,-0.22,-0.27,-0.33,-0.37,P<0.05)。结论以检测肺动脉直径变化为指标,MSCT对于尘肺患者早期诊断具有一定的临床意义。

胰腺冠状断层解剖与多层螺旋CT冠状位图像研究

目的为胰腺病变的断层影像诊断和外科治疗提供实用的形态学依据。方法研究2例成人上腹部连续冠状断层标本和86例健康成人上腹部多层螺旋CT(MSCT)冠状位图像上胰腺的分部、毗邻和大小。结果胰腺在连续冠状断层上集中出现在下腔静脉后缘前55 mm和其后13 mm的范围内。标志性层面为:经肠系膜上静脉层面、经肝门静脉主干层面、经下腔静脉前份及左肾静脉层面、经下腔静脉后份和主动脉裂孔层面。相应层面胰颈、胰头、胰体、胰尾的最大上下径和左右径分别为(21.63±3.62)、(11.06±2.33)mm,(47.56±6.47)、(36.55±6.69)mm,(30.13±5.32)、(52.29±10.80)mm,(22.16±2.07)、(35.14±6.06)mm。结论胰腺MSCT冠状位图像可应用于临床诊断,弥补了横断位CT图像显示病变的局限性。