柔性直流输电系统中,直流故障的分析与判别是柔直系统中亟待解决的重要问题。为了更好地分析故障特征,推导出一种多端柔性直流输电网(modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current,MMC-MTDC)的母线侧简化电路故障计算方法...柔性直流输电系统中,直流故障的分析与判别是柔直系统中亟待解决的重要问题。为了更好地分析故障特征,推导出一种多端柔性直流输电网(modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current,MMC-MTDC)的母线侧简化电路故障计算方法,并分析了母线侧单极接地故障和极间短路故障的故障特征,在此基础上设计了一种适用于多端柔性直流输电网的故障判别方案和保护措施。该判别方案通过故障启动判据、故障区域判别和故障类型判别3个模块进行故障判定,采用了故障电压瞬时跌落值与系统电压之差及故障线路电流值作故障特征量,整套判别方案不受其他元件参数、故障位置等因素的影响,将Spearman相关性分析与传统电气故障区域判别相结合,准确判定系统区内外故障的同时,解决了故障区域判别中受线路各参数干扰导致误判的问题,仿真测试验证了本保护方案的可行性。展开更多
The hybrid dc circuit breaker(HCB)has the advantages of fast action speed and low operating loss,which is an idealmethod for fault isolation ofmulti-terminal dc grids.Formulti-terminal dc grids that transmit power thr...The hybrid dc circuit breaker(HCB)has the advantages of fast action speed and low operating loss,which is an idealmethod for fault isolation ofmulti-terminal dc grids.Formulti-terminal dc grids that transmit power through overhead lines,HCBs are required to have reclosing capability due to the high fault probability and the fact that most of the faults are temporary faults.To avoid the secondary fault strike and equipment damage that may be caused by the reclosing of the HCB when the permanent fault occurs,an adaptive reclosing scheme based on traveling wave injection is proposed in this paper.The scheme injects traveling wave signal into the fault dc line through the additionally configured auxiliary discharge branch in the HCB,and then uses the reflection characteristic of the traveling wave signal on the dc line to identify temporary and permanent faults,to be able to realize fast reclosing when the temporary fault occurs and reliably avoid reclosing after the permanent fault occurs.The test results in the simulation model of the four-terminal dc grid show that the proposed adaptive reclosing scheme can quickly and reliably identify temporary and permanent faults,greatly shorten the power outage time of temporary faults.In addition,it has the advantages of easiness to implement,high reliability,robustness to high-resistance fault and no dead zone,etc.展开更多
Security constrained multi area multi objective dynamic economic dispatch (SCMAMODED) with renewable energy (RE) and all the possible MTDC stability constraints is formulated for the first time. The stability merits o...Security constrained multi area multi objective dynamic economic dispatch (SCMAMODED) with renewable energy (RE) and all the possible MTDC stability constraints is formulated for the first time. The stability merits of multi terminal DC (MTDC) tie lines as compared to the traditional HVAC forms the main objective of this paper. Probabilistic load flow (PLF) is applied to determine the system parameters while the uncertainties are modelled using Scenario Based Method (SBM). The simulation results reveal that with the use of MTDC tie lines, the frequency and voltage stability in the MAMODED with renewable energy sources (RES) are enhanced while keeping the MTDC power exchange interface nodes at secure levels.展开更多
This paper introduces the characteristics of VSC and MMC-MTDC and discusses the effects of different kinds of faults in HVDC systems. Special attention is given to the comparison between a pole-to-pole fault and a pol...This paper introduces the characteristics of VSC and MMC-MTDC and discusses the effects of different kinds of faults in HVDC systems. Special attention is given to the comparison between a pole-to-pole fault and a pole-to-ground fault occurring in the middle of the line or at the terminal of a VSC. Simulations using MATLAB are provided in this article which show the difference effects clearly when faults occur in a VSC-MTDC system or in a MMC-MTDC system. Understanding of such fault characteristics and the influence of the control system on them are important prerequisites on the way to MTDC systems.展开更多
由于换流站数目、控制模式以及指令值的不同,电压源换流器型多端直流(voltage source converter based multi terminal dc,VSC-MTDC)输电系统在实际运行中具有多种运行方式,并且随着电网运行条件的变化,VSC-MTDC输电系统的运行方式也随...由于换流站数目、控制模式以及指令值的不同,电压源换流器型多端直流(voltage source converter based multi terminal dc,VSC-MTDC)输电系统在实际运行中具有多种运行方式,并且随着电网运行条件的变化,VSC-MTDC输电系统的运行方式也随之改变。因此,直流运行中心需要根据换流站运行特性、电网条件和系统参数等快速确定VSCMTDC输电系统运行控制模式与系统状态量,这对系统调控和安全运行具有重要意义。基于此,分析主导换流站、辅助换流站、定有功功率控制换流站和风电场换流站的直流电压–电流运行特性,推导各换流站在不同控制模式下的特性方程,给出各换流站不同控制模式下的电气量范围。接着,提出VSC-MTDC输电系统稳态工作点的计算方法,完善换流站的控制模式修正方法。最后,以典型的五端直流输电系统为例,Matlab编程验证了直流运行特性分析方法和稳态工作点计算方法的准确性;计算结果表明,该稳态分析方法能够快速准确地计算出VSC-MTDC输电系统的稳态工作点。展开更多
多端柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system,VSC-MTDC)是在两端直流输电基础上发展而来的直流输电系统,可靠性高、适用于海上风电并网等场景,相应的控制策略更加多样,其潮流模型也更...多端柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system,VSC-MTDC)是在两端直流输电基础上发展而来的直流输电系统,可靠性高、适用于海上风电并网等场景,相应的控制策略更加多样,其潮流模型也更加复杂。该文分析VSC换流站和MTDC的稳态模型,研究可适用于VSC-MTDC的不同拓扑和连接方式的潮流模型;研究多端直流各种控制策略潮流计算模型的不同点并推导出其方程。在此基础上,提出一种兼具统一迭代法和交替迭代法优点的含VSC-MTDC交直流系统潮流算法,给出初值和边界条件求解方法,对于不同直流拓扑和交流系统都能够进行求解。最后通过2个实际算例验证该文潮流模型的有效性和收敛性,对于不同控制方式、不同运行场景和直流拓扑都能够迅速、稳定收敛。展开更多
多端柔性直流电网(multi-terminal flexible direct current,MTDC)的网状结构和故障特性对直流线路保护的动作性能提出更高的要求,对此提出一种基于单端量的直流线路电压行波保护方案。首先,针对基于MMC的MTDC电网直流侧发生的不同故障...多端柔性直流电网(multi-terminal flexible direct current,MTDC)的网状结构和故障特性对直流线路保护的动作性能提出更高的要求,对此提出一种基于单端量的直流线路电压行波保护方案。首先,针对基于MMC的MTDC电网直流侧发生的不同故障或干扰情形,理论分析故障电压反行波在线路上的传播特征差异。其次,利用小波变换提取高频电压反行波构建区内外故障识别判据;对于单极接地故障,提出故障极的识别判据;另外,针对架空线路遭受雷击后对行波保护的影响,构建雷击干扰识别判据。最后建立张北四端MTDC电网仿真模型,仿真结果验证所提保护方案的有效性。展开更多
文摘柔性直流输电系统中,直流故障的分析与判别是柔直系统中亟待解决的重要问题。为了更好地分析故障特征,推导出一种多端柔性直流输电网(modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current,MMC-MTDC)的母线侧简化电路故障计算方法,并分析了母线侧单极接地故障和极间短路故障的故障特征,在此基础上设计了一种适用于多端柔性直流输电网的故障判别方案和保护措施。该判别方案通过故障启动判据、故障区域判别和故障类型判别3个模块进行故障判定,采用了故障电压瞬时跌落值与系统电压之差及故障线路电流值作故障特征量,整套判别方案不受其他元件参数、故障位置等因素的影响,将Spearman相关性分析与传统电气故障区域判别相结合,准确判定系统区内外故障的同时,解决了故障区域判别中受线路各参数干扰导致误判的问题,仿真测试验证了本保护方案的可行性。
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China under Grant 520201210025。
文摘The hybrid dc circuit breaker(HCB)has the advantages of fast action speed and low operating loss,which is an idealmethod for fault isolation ofmulti-terminal dc grids.Formulti-terminal dc grids that transmit power through overhead lines,HCBs are required to have reclosing capability due to the high fault probability and the fact that most of the faults are temporary faults.To avoid the secondary fault strike and equipment damage that may be caused by the reclosing of the HCB when the permanent fault occurs,an adaptive reclosing scheme based on traveling wave injection is proposed in this paper.The scheme injects traveling wave signal into the fault dc line through the additionally configured auxiliary discharge branch in the HCB,and then uses the reflection characteristic of the traveling wave signal on the dc line to identify temporary and permanent faults,to be able to realize fast reclosing when the temporary fault occurs and reliably avoid reclosing after the permanent fault occurs.The test results in the simulation model of the four-terminal dc grid show that the proposed adaptive reclosing scheme can quickly and reliably identify temporary and permanent faults,greatly shorten the power outage time of temporary faults.In addition,it has the advantages of easiness to implement,high reliability,robustness to high-resistance fault and no dead zone,etc.
文摘Security constrained multi area multi objective dynamic economic dispatch (SCMAMODED) with renewable energy (RE) and all the possible MTDC stability constraints is formulated for the first time. The stability merits of multi terminal DC (MTDC) tie lines as compared to the traditional HVAC forms the main objective of this paper. Probabilistic load flow (PLF) is applied to determine the system parameters while the uncertainties are modelled using Scenario Based Method (SBM). The simulation results reveal that with the use of MTDC tie lines, the frequency and voltage stability in the MAMODED with renewable energy sources (RES) are enhanced while keeping the MTDC power exchange interface nodes at secure levels.
文摘This paper introduces the characteristics of VSC and MMC-MTDC and discusses the effects of different kinds of faults in HVDC systems. Special attention is given to the comparison between a pole-to-pole fault and a pole-to-ground fault occurring in the middle of the line or at the terminal of a VSC. Simulations using MATLAB are provided in this article which show the difference effects clearly when faults occur in a VSC-MTDC system or in a MMC-MTDC system. Understanding of such fault characteristics and the influence of the control system on them are important prerequisites on the way to MTDC systems.
文摘由于换流站数目、控制模式以及指令值的不同,电压源换流器型多端直流(voltage source converter based multi terminal dc,VSC-MTDC)输电系统在实际运行中具有多种运行方式,并且随着电网运行条件的变化,VSC-MTDC输电系统的运行方式也随之改变。因此,直流运行中心需要根据换流站运行特性、电网条件和系统参数等快速确定VSCMTDC输电系统运行控制模式与系统状态量,这对系统调控和安全运行具有重要意义。基于此,分析主导换流站、辅助换流站、定有功功率控制换流站和风电场换流站的直流电压–电流运行特性,推导各换流站在不同控制模式下的特性方程,给出各换流站不同控制模式下的电气量范围。接着,提出VSC-MTDC输电系统稳态工作点的计算方法,完善换流站的控制模式修正方法。最后,以典型的五端直流输电系统为例,Matlab编程验证了直流运行特性分析方法和稳态工作点计算方法的准确性;计算结果表明,该稳态分析方法能够快速准确地计算出VSC-MTDC输电系统的稳态工作点。
文摘多端柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system,VSC-MTDC)是在两端直流输电基础上发展而来的直流输电系统,可靠性高、适用于海上风电并网等场景,相应的控制策略更加多样,其潮流模型也更加复杂。该文分析VSC换流站和MTDC的稳态模型,研究可适用于VSC-MTDC的不同拓扑和连接方式的潮流模型;研究多端直流各种控制策略潮流计算模型的不同点并推导出其方程。在此基础上,提出一种兼具统一迭代法和交替迭代法优点的含VSC-MTDC交直流系统潮流算法,给出初值和边界条件求解方法,对于不同直流拓扑和交流系统都能够进行求解。最后通过2个实际算例验证该文潮流模型的有效性和收敛性,对于不同控制方式、不同运行场景和直流拓扑都能够迅速、稳定收敛。
文摘多端柔性直流电网(multi-terminal flexible direct current,MTDC)的网状结构和故障特性对直流线路保护的动作性能提出更高的要求,对此提出一种基于单端量的直流线路电压行波保护方案。首先,针对基于MMC的MTDC电网直流侧发生的不同故障或干扰情形,理论分析故障电压反行波在线路上的传播特征差异。其次,利用小波变换提取高频电压反行波构建区内外故障识别判据;对于单极接地故障,提出故障极的识别判据;另外,针对架空线路遭受雷击后对行波保护的影响,构建雷击干扰识别判据。最后建立张北四端MTDC电网仿真模型,仿真结果验证所提保护方案的有效性。
