Differences and identification on multi-time hydrocarbon generation of carboniferous-permian coaly source rocks in the Huanghua Depression,Bohai Bay Basin

Coal is a solid combustible mineral,and coal-bearing strata have important hydrocarbon generation potential and contribute to more than 12%of the global hydrocarbon resources.However,the deposition and hydrocarbon evolution process of ancient coal-bearing strata is characterized by multiple geological times,leading to obvious distinctions in their hydrocarbon generation potential,geological processes,and production,which affect the evaluation and exploration of hydrocarbon resources derived from coaly source rocks worldwide.This study aimed to identify the differences on oil-generated parent macerals and the production of oil generated from different coaly source rocks and through different oil generation processes.Integrating with the analysis of previous tectonic burial history and hydrocarbon generation history,high-temperature and high-pressure thermal simulation experiments,organic geochemistry,and organic petrology were performed on the Carboniferous-Permian(C-P)coaly source rocks in the Huanghua Depression,Bohai Bay Basin.The oil-generated parent macerals of coal's secondary oil generation process(SOGP)were mainly hydrogen-rich collotelinite,collodetrinite,sporinite,and cutinite,while the oil-generated parent macerals of tertiary oil generation process(TOGP)were the remaining small amount of hydrogen-rich collotelinite,sporinite,and cutinite,as well as dispersed soluble organic matter and unexhausted residual hydrocarbons.Compared with coal,the oil-generated parent macerals of coaly shale SOGP were mostly sporinite and cutinite.And part of hydrogen-poor vitrinite,lacking hydrocarbon-rich macerals,and macerals of the TOGP,in addition to some remaining cutinite and a small amount of crude oil and bitumen from SOGP contributed to the oil yield.The results indicated that the changes in oil yield had a good junction between SOGP and TOGP,both coal and coaly shale had higher SOGP aborted oil yield than TOGP starting yield,and coaly shale TOGP peak oil yield was lower than SOGP peak oil yield.There were significant differences in saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic parameters in coal and coaly shale.Coal SOGP was characterized by a lower Ts/Tm and C31-homohopane22S/(22S+22R)and a higher Pr/n C17compared to coal TOGP,while the aromatic parameter methyl dibenzothiophene ratio(MDR)exhibited coaly shale TOGP was higher than coaly shale SOGP than coaly TOGP than coaly SOGP,and coal trimethylnaphthalene ratio(TNR)was lower than coaly shale TNR.Thus,we established oil generation processes and discriminative plates.In this way,we distinguished the differences between oil generation parent maceral,oil generation time,and oil production of coaly source rocks,and therefore,we provided important support for the evaluation,prediction,and exploration of oil resources from global ancient coaly source rocks.

Multi-Time Scale Optimal Scheduling of a Photovoltaic Energy Storage Building System Based on Model Predictive Control

Building emission reduction is an important way to achieve China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.Aiming at the problem of low carbon economic operation of a photovoltaic energy storage building system,a multi-time scale optimal scheduling strategy based on model predictive control(MPC)is proposed under the consideration of load optimization.First,load optimization is achieved by controlling the charging time of electric vehicles as well as adjusting the air conditioning operation temperature,and the photovoltaic energy storage building system model is constructed to propose a day-ahead scheduling strategy with the lowest daily operation cost.Second,considering inter-day to intra-day source-load prediction error,an intraday rolling optimal scheduling strategy based on MPC is proposed that dynamically corrects the day-ahead dispatch results to stabilize system power fluctuations and promote photovoltaic consumption.Finally,taking an office building on a summer work day as an example,the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling strategy is verified.The results of the example show that the strategy reduces the total operating cost of the photovoltaic energy storage building system by 17.11%,improves the carbon emission reduction by 7.99%,and the photovoltaic consumption rate reaches 98.57%,improving the system’s low-carbon and economic performance.

Bio-Inspired Optimal Dispatching of Wind Power Consumption Considering Multi-Time Scale Demand Response and High-Energy Load Participation

Bio-inspired computer modelling brings solutions fromthe living phenomena or biological systems to engineering domains.To overcome the obstruction problem of large-scale wind power consumption in Northwest China,this paper constructs a bio-inspired computer model.It is an optimal wind power consumption dispatching model of multi-time scale demand response that takes into account the involved high-energy load.First,the principle of wind power obstruction with the involvement of a high-energy load is examined in this work.In this step,highenergy load model with different regulation characteristics is established.Then,considering the multi-time scale characteristics of high-energy load and other demand-side resources response speed,a multi-time scale model of coordination optimization is built.An improved bio-inspired model incorporating particle swarm optimization is applied to minimize system operation and wind curtailment costs,as well as to find the most optimal energy configurationwithin the system.Lastly,we take an example of regional power grid in Gansu Province for simulation analysis.Results demonstrate that the suggested scheduling strategy can significantly enhance the wind power consumption level and minimize the system’s operational cost.

改进型BCM-100H丙烯聚合催化剂在Horizone装置应用及高性能产品开发

原BCM-100H催化剂生产较高MFR(熔体流动速率)产品时聚合物细粉较多,不利于装置运行。本文考察了改进型BCM-100H催化剂在Horizone装置的工业应用,并与原催化剂及进口催化剂进行对比;使用该催化剂首次在该装置上开发3个高MFR高刚性高抗冲共聚产品K8740H、KH39M和KH75M。结果表明:改进后BCM-100H催化剂活性,氢调敏感性,共聚能力等性能基本不变;聚合物粉料中≤0.15 mm细粉减少约80%,聚合物等规指数(绝对值)提高0.5%,优于进口催化剂;K8740H弯曲模量和常温冲击强度分别是1.36 GPa和8.51 kJ·m^(-2),优于进口同类产品;KH39M和KH75M弯曲模量和冲击强度分别是1.57 GPa,6.00 kJ·m^(-2)和1.59 GPa,5.84 kJ·m^(-2),优于国产同类产品;对助剂进行了筛选优化,可将产品弯曲模量提高5%~10%。产品弯曲模量和冲击强度分别达到1.72 GPa和5.72 kJ·m^(-2),超过进口同类牌号水平。

Fragipan Horizon Changes Using Annual Ryegrass and Other Admendments

A greenhouse experiment was conducted involving intact fragipan soil cores of 50 cm thickness after removing the topsoil horizons. The cores were maintained in moist condition throughout the experiment and received several treatments with various amendments for different periods ranging from 9 to 17 months. The amendments included annual ryegrass or Festulolium residues, powder limestone and various humate compounds alone or in combination with the grass residues. The results suggested a significant effect of ryegrass and Festulolium in reducing penetration resistance into the top 10 cm of the fragipan within 9 - 17 months, particularly when used in combination with certain humate materials such as Leonardite. Apparently, this is the result of the release of certain soluble organic compounds from the plant residues or the humate amendments that increase the solubility of Si and Al associated with the fragipan brittleness, thus decreasing the density of the compacted fragipan material.

高活性低细粉含量催化剂在气相法Horizone工业装置的试用

将丙烯聚合用高活性低细粉含量IC2催化剂在气相法Horizone工业装置进行了试用。结果表明:与对比催化剂相比,IC2催化剂活性提高了27%,氢调性能接近,共聚性能略差,催化剂孔隙率略高;采用IC2催化剂制备的聚丙烯粉料的细粉含量明显低于采用对比催化剂;采用IC2催化剂时反应器的料位需要适当调低,所制聚丙烯的等规指数与采用对比催化剂接近,产品性能接近。

Low-carbon generation expansion planning considering uncertainty of renewable energy at multi-time scales

With the development of carbon electricity,achieving a low-carbon economy has become a prevailing and inevitable trend.Improving low-carbon expansion generation planning is critical for carbon emission mitigation and a lowcarbon economy.In this paper,a two-layer low-carbon expansion generation planning approach considering the uncertainty of renewable energy at multiple time scales is proposed.First,renewable energy sequences considering the uncertainty in multiple time scales are generated based on the Copula function and the probability distribution of renewable energy.Second,a two-layer generation planning model considering carbon trading and carbon capture technology is established.Specifically,the upper layer model optimizes the investment decision considering the uncertainty at a monthly scale,and the lower layer one optimizes the scheduling considering the peak shaving at an hourly scale and the flexibility at a 15-minute scale.Finally,the results of different influence factors on low-carbon generation expansion planning are compared in a provincial power grid,which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Multi-time scale analysis of precipitation variation in Guyuan, China:1957-2005

Morlet wavelet transformation is used in this paper to analyze the multi time scale characteristics of pre cipitation data series from 1957 to 2005 in Guyuan region.The results showed that(1) the annual precipitation evo lution process had obvious multi time scale variation characteristics of 15 25 years,7 12 years and 3 6 years,and different time scales had different oscillation energy densities;(2) the periods at smaller time scales changed more frequently,which often nested in a biggish quasi periodic oscillations,so the concrete time domain should be ana lyzed if necessary;(3) the precipitation had three main periods(22 year,9 year and 4 year) and the 22 year period was especially outstanding,and the analysis of this main period reveals that the precipitation would be in a relative high water period until about 2012.

Market-based control strategy for long-span structures considering the multi-time delay issue

To solve the different time delays that exist in the control device installed on spatial structures, in this study, discrete analysis using a 2N precise algorithm was selected to solve the multi-time-delay issue for long-span structures based on the market-based control （MBC） method. The concept of interval mixed energy was introduced from computational structural mechanics and optimal control research areas, and it translates the design of the MBC multi-time-delay controller into a solution for the segment matrix. This approach transforms the serial algorithm in time to parallel computing in space, greatly improving the solving efficiency and numerical stability. The designed controller is able to consider the issue of time delay with a linear controlling force combination and is especially effective for large time-delay conditions. A numerical example of a long-span structure was selected to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented controller, and the time delay was found to have a significant impact on the results.

Research on multi-time scale doubly-fed wind turbine test system based on FPGA+CPU heterogeneous calculation

As the proportion of renewable energy increases, the interaction between renewable energy devices and the grid continues to enhance. Therefore, the renewable energy dynamic test in a power system has become more and more important. Traditional dynamic simulation systems and digital-analog hybrid simulation systems are difficult to compromise on the economy, flexibility and accuracy. A multi-time scale test system of doubly fed induction generator based on FPGA+ CPU heterogeneous calculation is proposed in this paper. The proposed test system is based on the ADPSS simulation platform. The power circuit part of the test system is setup up using the EMT(electromagnetic transient simulation) simulation, and the control part uses the actual physical devices. In order to realize the close-loop testing for the physical devices, the power circuit must be simulated in real-time. This paper proposes a multi-time scale simulation algorithm, in which the decoupling component divides the power circuit into a large time scale system and a small time scale system in order to reduce computing effort. This paper also proposes the FPGA+CPU heterogeneous computing architecture for implementing this multitime scale simulation. In FPGA, there is a complete small time-scale EMT engine, which support the flexibly circuit modeling with any topology. Finally, the test system is connected to an DFIG controller based on Labview to verify the feasibility of the test system.

Oriental Utopia under the Gaze of the Other-A Brief Analysis of the Construction of the Oriental Image in Lost Horizon

Lost Horizon tells a story about Shangri-La,a paradise in the Orient.Throughout the construction of the Oriental image in the novel,it can be found that under its representation of being enslaved,driven,marginalized and silenced,it implies a three-dimensional flow mechanism with multiple power-relationships interwoven between Orient and Occident,insiders and outsiders,“civilized”and“uncivilized”,male and female,etc.Driven by this mechanism,the Oriental image is integrated under a single abstract label,which has become a way for the Occident to re-understand,reconstruct and express itself after the war.

New horizon:microenvironment regulation in neurodegenerative diseases

Neurodegenerative disease refers to a class of diseases that cause dysfunction of the nervous system due to the death of nerve cells.These diseases are caused by the gradual death of neurons,which has a serious impact on the lives of patients.

人工智能素养:高等教育的挑战与应对--《2024地平线报告:教与学版》的解读与启示

人工智能赋能工具与数据安全正在对全球高等教育产生深刻影响。美国高等教育信息化专业组织发布的《2024地平线报告:教与学版》聚焦高等教育发展面临的机遇与挑战,从社会、技术、经济、环境、政治和人工智能六个维度总结了影响高等教育发展的趋势;分析了“探索人工智能技术的适当应用”“发展人工智能素养”“支持公平和包容的学习”“保护数据隐私与安全”“应对错误信息”“维护心理健康”六类关键技术与实践;预测了高等教育未来发展的四种情境。基于对报告内容的理解与思考,本文提出我国高等教育应对机遇与挑战的策略:提升人工智能素养,增强技术应用匹配度;确保数据隐私与安全,提升信息辨识能力;满足个性化学习需求,完善学习模式;以劳动技能、绿色技能为导向设置课程,增强就业竞争力;创建多样、公平、包容的教育环境,促进教育高质量发展;构建融合关怀心理健康的教育体系,践行全人发展理念。

基于有限时间ADP的微波加热高钛渣温度跟踪控制

针对常规控制方法对微波加热过程控制效果不够理想的问题,提出一种基于数据驱动模型的有限时间自适应动态规划微波加热温度跟踪算法。算法包含模型网络、评价网络和执行网络,这3个网络的实现依赖于神经网络。模型网络实现微波加热过程的数据驱动建模,评价网络和执行网络实现最优性能指标函数和控制功率的逼近。最后将温度跟踪转化为误差的镇定。通过理论推导证明了算法的收敛性及最优性,并进一步开展了微波加热高钛渣温度跟踪实验和仿真研究。结果表明,算法能有效地跟踪高钛渣的加热过程,基于ELMAN神经网络的模型预测误差小于1℃,温度跟踪误差小于0.2℃,在工业微波加热中具有潜在的应用价值。

黄渤海地区大气折射环境参数统计分析

大气折射环境显著影响微波、超短波无线电装备的性能,能够减小或者扩展标准大气环境下的无线电视距。文中以黄渤海交界处的荣成为例,基于2018年探空数据统计分析了荣成站的大气折射环境参数,包括地面折射率、1 km折射率梯度、100 m折射率梯度等参数。其中,地面折射率年度变化范围可达100 N单位,地面折射率年平均值为332.3 N单位;1 km折射率梯度年平均值为-48.5 N/km;100 m折射率梯度年平均值为-44.2 N/km,100 m折射率梯度小于-100 N/km的时间概率为3%。进一步地,文中给出了计算雷达视距需要用到的等效地球半径因子以及用于表征相对标准大气无线电视距的扩展或减小的视距因子分布。结果表明:等效地球半径因子最大可达4.5;相对标准大气环境下,大气折射环境对视距影响的最大变化范围可达80%以上。研究结果可为黄渤海地区试验装备的系统设计、性能评估提供大气折射环境参考。

带式输送机水平转弯段的自动纠偏系统设计

长距离带式输送机在自然转弯过程中容易出现输送带跑偏等问题,主要纠偏方法是对转弯段托辊架的角度进行调整,但目前调整多为人工调整。文中通过设计一种可调整托辊架槽角和抬高角的自动纠偏系统,对机械结构设计、控制系统设计和传感器选型进行研究。机械结构设计方面进行了托辊架支撑体、推进装置与起升装置的结构设计和计算,控制系统设计方面进行了控制流程设计、驱动设计和传感器的设计与选型,最后进行了关键零部件的有限元分析和强度校核,分析了关键零部件在不同抬高角和不同槽角下的等效应力变化情况,为转弯段纠偏装置的设计提供了理论参考。

基于优化动力学模型的路径跟踪控制研究

针对一般路径跟踪模型预测控制器在高速大曲率工况下适应性差的问题,提出了一种基于优化动力学模型的自适应预测时域控制策略。首先,为解决经典动力学模型在较高侧向加速度工况下精度不足的问题,建立了包含侧倾转向和变形转向特性的优化模型,实现了车辆状态的较高精度预测;其次,为解决高速大曲率工况下固定预测时域控制效果不佳的问题,提出了基于二维高斯函数的自适应预测时域策略,以低算法复杂度实现了预瞄距离的实时调整;最后,通过CarSim/Simulink联合仿真实验验证了控制器在双移线道路上的控制效果,结果表明,横向位置峰值误差降低45.1%,横摆角峰值误差降低72.4%,设计的控制器对极限工况有更好的适应性。

航向信息缺失的MINS/ADS组合姿态算法

为了提高飞机在持续高动态场景下的姿态测量精度,并保证自主性,提出了一种基于微惯性导航系统(MINS)和大气数据系统(ADS)组合的捷联姿态算法。在航向信息缺失的前提下,推导了简化姿态更新算法和载体系速度更新算法,减小了计算量;通过引入大气数据系统的真空速信息,设计不依赖航向信息的MINS/ADS速度组合算法来提高姿态精度。飞行实验结果表明,与传统地平仪算法相比,所提算法的俯仰角和横滚角精度分别提升了74.32%和69.62%,环境适应性更强。

不完全信息下云制造平台动态匹配时域与稳定匹配研究

鉴于现有研究侧重于构建云制造平台供需匹配模型并开发求解算法,批处理匹配时域长度在不确定环境下对云制造平台运营的影响关注不足,针对云制造平台产能供需双方随机到达并可随时离开的复杂情景,建立了基于动态二部图的Markov决策模型,并提出基于状态和动作重塑技术的Q-learning动态时域匹配决策方法。该方法根据平台订单和共享产能的聚合信息,自适应地决策匹配时域长度,并产生考虑了供需双方偏好的稳定匹配方案。数值实验表明,在多种情景和问题参数下,该方法的综合平台运营指标优于常用的随机事件触发和固定匹配时域方法。实验结果为云制造平台供需匹配运营提供了管理启示。

教育数字化背景下国外学习中心建设对我国的启示——基于《2023地平线报告(教与学版)》的多案例分析

教育数字化转型是将数字技术整合应用到教育领域的各个层面,强调数字技术应用发展对育人的重要性。未来学习中心自提出以来就强调新技术的应用发展,其建设顺应了教育数字化转型的趋势。《2023地平线报告(教与学版)》从全球数字化转型视角,探究多维度下影响高等教育发展的重要因素,为我国高校图书馆探索建设未来学习中心提供了理论指导。文章通过对《2023地平线报告(教与学版)》提出的社会维度和技术维度进行宏观分析,结合国外高校学习中心的建设案例,总结其对教育数字化转型背景下我国高校建设未来学习中心的重要启示。