WAVELET MODELING AND FORECASTING AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE CHINESE MONETARY MULTIPLIER

In this paper, a time_varying AR model is constructed by using the vector_space algorithm of compactly_supported biorthonormal wavelet transform. It is developed for forecasting narrow monetary multipliers in China .

Fully Coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction Model Based on Distributed Lagrange Multiplier/Fictitious Domain Method

This paper, with a finite element method, studies the interaction of a coupled incompressible fluid-rigid structure system with a free surface subjected to external wave excitations. With this fully coupled model, the rigid structure is taken as ＂fictitious＂ fluid with zero strain rate. Both fluid and structure are described by velocity and pressure. The whole domain, including fluid region and structure region, is modeled by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations which are discretized with fixed Eulerian mesh. However, to keep the structure＇ s rigid body shape and behavior, a rigid body constraint is enforced on the ＂fictitious＂ fluid domain by use of the Distributed Lagrange Multipher/Fictitious Domain （DLM/ FD） method which is originally introduced to solve particulate flow problems by Glowinski et al. For the verification of the model presented herein, a 2D numerical wave tank is established to simulate small amplitude wave propagations, and then numerical results are compared with analytical solutions. Finally, a 2D example of fluid-structure interaction under wave dynamic forces provides convincing evidences for the method excellent solution quality and fidelity.

An improved optimal elemental method for updating finite element models

The optimal matrix method and optimal elemental method used to update finite element models may not provide accurate results.This situation occurs when the test modal model is incomplete,as is often the case in practice.An improved optimal elemental method is presented that defines a new objective function,and as a byproduct,circumvents the need for mass normalized modal shapes,which are also not readily available in practice.To solve the group of nonlinear equations created by the improved optimal method,the Lagrange multiplier method and Matlab function fmincon are employed.To deal with actual complex structures, the float-encoding genetic algorithm(FGA)is introduced to enhance the capability of the improved method.Two examples,a 7- degree of freedom(DOF)mass-spring system and a 53-DOF planar frame,respectively,are updated using the improved method. The example results demonstrate the advantages of the improved method over existing optimal methods,and show that the genetic algorithm is an effective way to update the models used for actual complex structures.

Missile robust gain scheduling autopilot design using full block multipliers

Reduction of conservatism is one of the key and difficult problems in missile robust gain scheduling autopilot design based on multipliers.This article presents a scheme of adopting linear parameter-varying（LPV） control approach with full block multipliers to design a missile robust gain scheduling autopilot in order to eliminate conservatism.A model matching design structure with a high demand on matching precision is constructed based on the missile linear fractional transformation（LFT） model.By applying full block S-procedure and elimination lemma,a convex feasibility problem with an infinite number of constraints is formulated to satisfy robust quadratic performance specifications.Then a grid method is adopted to transform the infinite-dimensional convex feasibility problem into a solvable finite-dimensional convex feasibility problem,based on which a gain scheduling controller with linear fractional dependence on the flight Mach number and altitude is derived.Static and dynamic simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.

Methods of modeling relative growth rate

Background： Analysing and modelling plant growth is an important interdisciplinary field of plant science. The use of relative growth rates, involving the analysis of plant growth relative to plant size, has more or less independently emerged in different research groups and at different times and has provided powerful tools for assessing the growth performance and growth efficiency of plants and plant populations. In this paper, we explore how these isolated methods can be combined to form a consistent methodology for modelling relative growth rates. Methods： We review and combine existing methods of analysing and modelling relative growth rates and apply a combination of methods to Sitka spruce （Piceo sitchensis （Bong.） Carr.） stem-analysis data from North Wales （UK） and British Douglas fir （Pseudotsugd menziesii （Mirb.） Franco） yield table data. Results： The results indicate that, by combining the approaches of different plant-growth analysis laboratories and using them simultaneously, we can advance and standardise the concept of relative plant growth. Particularly the growth multiplier plays an important role in modelling relative growth rates. Another useful technique has been the recent introduction of size-standardised relative growth rates. Conclusions： Modelling relative growth rates mainly serves two purposes, 1） an improved analysis of growth performance and efficiency and 2） the prediction of future or past growth rates. This makes the concept of relative growth ideally suited to growth reconstruction as required in dendrochronology, climate change and forest decline research and for interdisciplinary research projects beyond the realm of plant science.

Optimization Mathematical Model of Pile Forces for Offshore Piled Breasting Dolphins

An optimization mathematical model of the pile forces for piled breasting dolphins in the open sea under various loading conditions is presented. The optimum layout with the well distributed pile forces and the least number of piles is achieved by the multiplier penalty function method. Several engineering cases have been calculated and compared with the result of the conventional design method. It is shown that the number of piles can be reduced at least by 10%～20% and the piles' bearing state is improved greatly.

A Coastal Zone Segmentation Variational Model and Its Accelerated ADMM Method

Effective and efficient SAR image segmentation has a significant role in coastal zone interpretation. In this paper, a coastal zone segmentation model is proposed based on Potts model. By introducing edge self-adaption parameter and modifying noisy data term, the proposed variational model provides a good solution for the coastal zone SAR image with common characteristics of inherent speckle noise and complicated geometrical details. However, the proposed model is difficult to solve due to to its nonlinear, non-convex and non-smooth characteristics. Followed by curve evolution theory and operator splitting method, the minimization problem is reformulated as a constrained minimization problem. A fast alternating minimization iterative scheme is designed to implement coastal zone segmentation. Finally, various two-stage and multiphase experimental results illustrate the advantage of the proposed segmentation model, and indicate the high computation efficiency of designed numerical approximation algorithm.

Multiply Charged Anions,Maximum Charge Acceptance,and Higher Electron Affinities of Molecules,Superatoms,and Clusters

The addition of electrons to form gas-phase multiply charged anions(MCAs)normally requires sophisticated experiments or calculations.In this work,the factors stabilizing the MCAs,the maximum electron uptake of gas-phase molecules,X,and the electronic stability of MCAs X^(Q-),are discussed.The drawbacks encountered when applying computational and/or conceptual density functional theory(DFT)to MCAs are highlighted.We develop and test a different model based on the valence-state concept.As in DFT,the electronic energy,E(N,v_(ex)),is a continuous function of the average electron number,N,and the external potential,v_(ex),of the nuclei.The valence-state-parabola is a second-order polynomial that allows extending E(N,v_(ex))to dianions and higher MCAs.The model expresses the maximum electron acceptance,Q_(max),and the higher electron affinities,A_Q,as simple functions of the firstelectron affinity,A_1,and the ionization energy,I,of the"ancestor"system.Thus,the maximum electron acceptance is Q_(max,calc)=1+12A_1/7(I-A_1).The ground-state parabola model of the conceptual DFT yields approximately half of this value,and it is termed Q_(max,GS)=?+A_1/(I-A_1).A large variety of molecules are evaluated including fullerenes,metal clusters,super-pnictogens,super-halogens(OF_3),super-alkali species(OLi_3),and neutral or charged transition-metal complexes,AB_(m )L_n^(0/+/-).The calculated second electron affinity A_(2,calc)=A_1-(7/12)(I-A_1)is linearly correlated to the literature references A_(2,lit) with a correlation coefficient R=0.998.A_2 or A_3 values are predicted for further 24 species.The appearance sizes,n_(ap)^(3-),of triply charged anionic clusters and fullerenes are calculated in agreement with the literature.

Testing for Cross-Sectional Dependence in a RandomEffects Model

This paper extends and generalizes the works of [1,2] to allow for cross-sectional dependence in the context of a two-way error components model and consequently develops LM test. The cross-sectional dependence follows the first order spatial autoregressive error (SAE) process and is imposed on the remainder disturbances. It is important to note that this paper does not consider alternative forms of spatial lag dependence other than SAE. It also does not allow for endogeneity of the regressors and requires the normality assumption to derive the LM test.

Distributed MPC for Reconfigurable Architecture Systems via Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers

This paper investigates the distributed model predictive control(MPC)problem of linear systems where the network topology is changeable by the way of inserting new subsystems,disconnecting existing subsystems,or merely modifying the couplings between different subsystems.To equip live systems with a quick response ability when modifying network topology,while keeping a satisfactory dynamic performance,a novel reconfiguration control scheme based on the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)is presented.In this scheme,the local controllers directly influenced by the structure realignment are redesigned in the reconfiguration control.Meanwhile,by employing the powerful ADMM algorithm,the iterative formulas for solving the reconfigured optimization problem are obtained,which significantly accelerate the computation speed and ensure a timely output of the reconfigured optimal control response.Ultimately,the presented reconfiguration scheme is applied to the level control of a benchmark four-tank plant to illustrate its effectiveness and main characteristics.

基于低中频采样的超宽带雷达波形产生器误差校正方法

针对超宽带(UWB)雷达波形合成中正交调制器、混频器、倍频器等模拟环节的误差因素特点,提出一种基于“低中频直接数字产生+倍频”途径的高质量UWB雷达LFM波形数字产生器方案。在频域建立该系统误差的数学模型,提出一种基于频谱对比途径的系统误差数字预失真校正方法,并进行实验验证和性能分析。该方法将系统失真的校正函数映射到系统数字输入端的波形库中,通过直接对存储的数字波形进行预失真融合处理实现系统误差的校正和补偿。结果表明该方法能够显著地提高产生UWB雷达LFM波形的质量和性能,证实提出的误差校正方法正确、有效和可行。

2022—2023年北京市某郊区季节性流感实际流行水平的估算

目的估算北京市某郊区2022—2023年流感实际感染水平、发病水平和就诊水平,为制定下一步流感防控策略提供依据。方法采用以蒙特卡罗思想为基础编制的乘法模型,根据该郊区流感病例监测系统中的流感样病例数、流感病原学监测结果,结合流感样病例显性感染比例、分年龄组的就诊率等参数按年龄组估算该郊区2023年流感实际感染水平、发病水平和就诊水平。结果经估算北京市某郊区2022—2023年实际有407128例(90%CI:320968~536350)流感感染病例,实际感染率为31.17%。其中270935例(90%CI:222041~345537)发病,232633例(90%CI:182689~304063)就诊。1例实验室确诊流感病例实际代表983.40例(90%CI:775.29~1295.53)感染病例。5~<15岁年龄组流感实际感染率、发病率、就诊率均为最高。结论2022—2023年北京市某郊区流感经济负担较重,青少年儿童感染风险最高。提示应做好流感疫苗的宣传、培养青少年儿童的防病意识,减少学校聚集性疫情的发生。

典型储液类结构流-固耦合问题的扩展研究

为了明晰流体与固体耦合力学机理及其相互作用力,本文以典型储液类流固耦合问题为研究对象,综合应用变积方法、Lagrange乘子法和对合变换法,建立了非保守流固耦合问题的一类变量和二类变量的拟变分原理。经推导其驻值条件得到一类变量和二类变量流固耦合问题的控制方程。应用Lagrange乘子表示流固耦合界面处耦合因子,分别给出应用流体力学变量和固体力学变量表达的耦合因子。将拟变分原理应用于有限元素法,建立了流-固耦合动力学的协调元和杂交元计算模型。本文对流固耦合问题的变分方法发展和提高计算效率具有重要作用。

An anti-aliasing filtering of quantum images in spatial domain using a pyramid structure

As a part of quantum image processing,quantum image filtering is a crucial technology in the development of quantum computing.Low-pass filtering can effectively achieve anti-aliasing effects on images.Currently,most quantum image filterings are based on classical domains and grayscale images,and there are relatively fewer studies on anti-aliasing in the quantum domain.This paper proposes a scheme for anti-aliasing filtering based on quantum grayscale and color image scaling in the spatial domain.It achieves the effect of anti-aliasing filtering on quantum images during the scaling process.First,we use the novel enhanced quantum representation(NEQR)and the improved quantum representation of color images(INCQI)to represent classical images.Since aliasing phenomena are more pronounced when images are scaled down,this paper focuses only on the anti-aliasing effects in the case of reduction.Subsequently,we perform anti-aliasing filtering on the quantum representation of the original image and then use bilinear interpolation to scale down the image,achieving the anti-aliasing effect.The constructed pyramid model is then used to select an appropriate image for upscaling to the original image size.Finally,the complexity of the circuit is analyzed.Compared to the images experiencing aliasing effects solely due to scaling,applying anti-aliasing filtering to the images results in smoother and clearer outputs.Additionally,the anti-aliasing filtering allows for manual intervention to select the desired level of image smoothness.

含多个投资主体的独立供电微网群运行策略

在绿色经济和新能源快速发展的背景下,可再生能源供电得到了迅速发展。为应对分布式能源波动性大、抗干扰能力较弱的问题,探索以可再生能源供电为主的独立供电微网群运行策略具有重要意义。根据微电网的规划建设及相应控制模式,提出了微电网独立运行与互联运行的策略。为了减少微电网独立运行中的弃风、弃光现象,提高其经济效益,以最小化微电网独立运行成本和最大化微电网互联运行社会效益为目标,建立了涵盖微电网内部调度与微电网间调度的双层优化模型。采用交替方向乘子法(alternating direction multiplier,ADM)进行迭代求解,以获得兼顾各个微网络体及其群体整体运营效益的可再生能源输出功率、储能输出功率以及购售电策略。最后,通过对14节点独立供电微网群进行仿真分析,验证了所提模型的合理性及方法的有效性。

An Efficient Smoothing and Thresholding Image Segmentation Framework with Weighted Anisotropic-Isotropic Total Variation

In this paper,we design an efficient,multi-stage image segmentation framework that incorporates a weighted difference of anisotropic and isotropic total variation(AITV).The segmentation framework generally consists of two stages:smoothing and thresholding,thus referred to as smoothing-and-thresholding(SaT).In the first stage,a smoothed image is obtained by an AITV-regularized Mumford-Shah(MS)model,which can be solved efficiently by the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMMs)with a closed-form solution of a proximal operator of the l_(1)-αl_(2) regularizer.The convergence of the ADMM algorithm is analyzed.In the second stage,we threshold the smoothed image by K-means clustering to obtain the final segmentation result.Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed segmentation framework is versatile for both grayscale and color images,effcient in producing high-quality segmentation results within a few seconds,and robust to input images that are corrupted with noise,blur,or both.We compare the AITV method with its original convex TV and nonconvex TVP(O<p<1)counterparts,showcasing the qualitative and quantitative advantages of our proposed method.

基于随机-Nash-Harsanyi讨价还价博弈的光伏-氢储能多主体分散协同调度

将光伏(PV)主体与氢储能(HES)主体结合,形成PV-HES联合系统,是促进可再生能源就地消纳,实现能源低碳转型的有效措施。针对光伏出力随机干扰及主体互异等问题,提出PV-HES的分散协同调度模型。首先,基于Nash-Harsanyi讨价还价理论建立PV-HES的多主体合作运行模型,并将其等效转换为电能交易量确定子问题和电能交易成本确定子问题;然后,为了保护各主体隐私,运用改进的交替方向乘子法对上述两个子问题进行分布式求解;最后,在一个典型的PV-HES联合系统中进行算例仿真,以验证所提分散协同调度模型以及分布式求解算法的有效性。仿真结果表明,氢储能主体的运营成本分别降低了11.67%和10.48%,光伏运营商的收益提高了15.72%。此外,通过对交替方向乘子法的改进也提高了系统的求解效率。

中国财政支出乘数有多大?——基于荟萃回归分析方法

财政支出乘数是评估财政政策绩效的重要标准,但已有研究关于中国财政支出乘数的测算结果并未达成一致。在当前我国政府财政治理目标任务日趋多元化和复杂化的背景下,如何有效地凝练与归纳已有研究对于加快提升财政治理能力具有承前启后的重要意义。本文采用荟萃回归分析方法对已有文献的实证分析结果进行系统性的定量分析,研究发现:第一,已有文献总体上支持我国财政支出政策具有显著乘数效应,但同时也存在财政支出乘数是否大于1的争议;第二,财政支出乘数估计值在不同研究特征下表现不同,发表于权威期刊、研究地方政府财政支出乘数和采用DSGE模型的文献倾向于测算得出更大的财政支出乘数;第三,我国财政支出的乘数效应具有显著的异质性,投资型支出的乘数效应大于消费型支出的乘数效应,长期乘数效应大于短期乘数效应;第四,微观计量模型近年来在财政政策绩效评估领域被广泛应用,相关文献测算得出的中国财政支出乘数相对较小,但平均来看仍然支持财政支出能够有效促进经济增长的观点。

结合深度图和红通道最小强度先验的水下图像复原

针对水下图像雾化、模糊等问题,提出结合深度图和红通道最小强度先验的水下图像复原变分方法.基于完整的水下成像模型,首先设计了一种自适应加权融合亮度、梯度及色差等信息的场景深度估计方法,计算3个通道的透射率;然后根据前向散射分量建立变分模型的数据项,对拟复原图像引入红通道最小强度先验作为变分能量方程规则项,借助图像金字塔,采用粗尺度到细尺度逐步优化策略进行模糊核估计;最后利用交替方向乘子法迭代求解,解决变分模型带来的非光滑优化问题.在UIEB数据集上进行了定性和定量实验,通过UCIQE,FADE和CPBD客观评价指标对比,结果表明,所提方法的评价结果比经典方法平均分别提升15%以上,复原后的图像具有更高的清晰度和更丰富的边缘信息.

基于先验驱动深度神经网络的泊松去噪变分模型

泊松去噪是一个典型的病态逆问题,其变分模型需要反复迭代和调节参数且计算效率低下,而纯深度学习模型往往依据经验设计网络且可解释性差。针对以上问题,在泊松噪声去噪变分模型的交替方向乘子法展开的基础上,设计端到端深度卷积神经网络,结合泊松噪声分布统计量与Bayesian最大后验概率估计推导出改进的泊松去噪变分模型。为了求解泊松去噪能量函数极值问题,采用交替方向乘子法,引入辅助变量、拉格朗日乘子和惩罚参数,将该问题分解为高斯去噪和图像重建两类交替优化子问题,先采用先验驱动的深度卷积神经网络实现高斯去噪,再通过解析迭代求解完成图像重建。实验结果表明,与基于非线性主成分分析、VST+BM3D、I+VST+BM3D和TRDPD的泊松去噪模型相比,改进模型在Set12数据集上的峰值信噪比均值分别提高2.73、0.87、0.57和0.50 dB,结构相似性均值分别提高0.148、0.046、0.020和0.047,在彩色图像及正电子发射断层扫描与计算机断层扫描图像上也明显提升了泊松去噪效果。上述实验结果证明了改进模型不仅有效去除了泊松噪声,而且避免了泊松去噪过程中产生的伪影和散斑等问题。