The paper talks about the elaboration of geopolymer with two types of kaolinite clays containing muscovite. The kaolinite materials were first calcined at different temperatures, and mixed with an activator solution, ...The paper talks about the elaboration of geopolymer with two types of kaolinite clays containing muscovite. The kaolinite materials were first calcined at different temperatures, and mixed with an activator solution, called liquid precursor, at a different solid/liquid mass ratio depending on their normal consistency to produce geopolymer binders. Results show that the geopolymer products obtained from the different clays have good physichomechanical properties: their open porosity and their water absorption rate decrease while their compressive strength and their apparent density increase with the increase in calcination temperature of the clays. The density of GABD binders varies between 2.92 and 2.47 g/cm<sup>3</sup> and that of GARD binders between 1.86 and 2.16 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. Specimens in the GABD series have the best mechanical performance, ranging from 14.43 to 31.37 MPa, while those in the GARD series oscillate between 6.18 and 11.56 MPa. These properties make kaolinite materials from this region suitable for use as construction materials for adequate waterproof structures.展开更多
Muscovite mineral was roasted in different conditions.Rubidium leaching rate was a standard to examine the impact of various factors on calcination effect,including the agent types,roasting time,mass ratio,and roastin...Muscovite mineral was roasted in different conditions.Rubidium leaching rate was a standard to examine the impact of various factors on calcination effect,including the agent types,roasting time,mass ratio,and roasting temperature.The results indicate that the best agent is the combination of sodium chloride and calcium chloride,and its mass ratio of muscovite/NaCl/CaCl2is1.00:0.25:0.25.Calcined at 850℃ for 30 min,the rubidium leaching rate is up to 90.12%.The reaction of muscovite ore with the chlorinating agent CaCl2was studied by TG/DSC,and the surface morphology before and after leaching was characterized by SEM.Rubidium chloride products can be obtained using t-BAMBP extraction,hydrochloric acid re-extraction,and purification.展开更多
Despite numerous efforts to overcome neuropathic pain,various pharmacological drugs often fail to meet the needs and have many side effects.Muscovite is an aluminosilicate mineral that has been reported to have an ant...Despite numerous efforts to overcome neuropathic pain,various pharmacological drugs often fail to meet the needs and have many side effects.Muscovite is an aluminosilicate mineral that has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect,but the efficacy of muscovite for neuropathic pain has not been investigated.Here,we assessed whether muscovite nanoparticles can reduce the symptoms of pain by controlling the inflammatory process observed in neuropathic pain.The analgesic effects of muscovite nanoparticles were explored using partial sciatic nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain,in which one-third to onehalf of the nerve trifurcation of the sciatic nerve was tightly tied to the dorsal side.Muscovite nanoparticles(4 mg/100μL)was given intramuscularly to evaluate its effects on neuropathic pain(3 days per week for 4 weeks).The results showed that the muscovite nanoparticle injections significantly alleviated partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced mechanical and cold allodynia.In the spinal cord,the muscovite nanoparticle injections exhibited inhibitory effects on astrocyte and microglia activation and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleiukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,which were upregulated in the partial sciatic nerve ligation model.Moreover,the muscovite nanoparticle injections resulted in a decrease in activating transcription factor 3,a neuronal injury marker,in the sciatic nerve.These results suggest that the analgesic effects of muscovite nanoparticle on partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain may result from inhibiting activation of astrocytes and microglia as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines.We propose that muscovite nanoparticle is a potential anti-nociceptive candidate for neuropathic pain.All experimental protocols in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee(IACUC)at Dongguk University,South Korea(approval No.2017-022-1)on September 28,2017.展开更多
Lanthanum-doped muscovite(MC) composite particles(hereinafter abbreviated as La-MC) were prepared by the mechanical solid-state-chemistry-reaction method, followed by surface modification with oleic acid. The microstr...Lanthanum-doped muscovite(MC) composite particles(hereinafter abbreviated as La-MC) were prepared by the mechanical solid-state-chemistry-reaction method, followed by surface modification with oleic acid. The microstructure of materials was characterized by SEM, XRD, EDS and FTIR. Furthermore, the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of MC and La-MC as lubricant additives in lithium grease were evaluated using a four-ball friction and wear tester. The results showed that La(OH)_3 nanoparticles were coated on the surface of muscovite. Both MC and La-MC can effectively improve the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of lithium grease and La-MC presents better tribological properties than MC. The excellent tribological properties of La-MC can be attributed to the formation of the adsorbed La-MC film and the chemical reaction film mainly composed of Fe_2O_3 and SiO_2 on the worn surface, as well as the catalysis of lanthanum element during the friction process.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the effect of muscovite in preventing small bowel injury induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).METHODS: We recruited and screened thirty-two healthy volunteers who were randomly allo...AIM: To evaluate the effect of muscovite in preventing small bowel injury induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).METHODS: We recruited and screened thirty-two healthy volunteers who were randomly allocated equally into two groups: an NSAID control group, who received 75 mg slow-release diclofenac, twice daily for 14 d; and an NSAID-muscovite group, who received 3 g of muscovite in addition to the 75 mg of slow-release diclofenac, twice daily for 14 d. For gastroprotection, both groups were administered 20 mg/d of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole. All eligible subjects underwent video capsule endoscopy(CE) prior to and 14 d after treatment.RESULTS: Thirty subjects(NSAID-muscovite group,n =16; NSAID control group, n =14) finally completed the whole trail. At the baseline CE examination, no statistically significant differences between the two groups have been observed. However, after 14 d of drug treatment, a significant difference was observed in the percentage of subjects with mucosal breaks when comparing the NSAID-muscovite group with the NSAID control group. While 71.4%(10/14) of subjects in the NSAID control group had at least one mucosal break, co-administration of muscovite in the NSAID-muscovite group reduced the rate to 31.3%(5/16)(P = 0.028). Moreover, higher number of mucosal breaks was found in the NSAID control group vs that in the NSAID-muscovite group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Muscovite co-therapy reduced the incidence of small intestinal injury after 14 d of diclofenac administration.展开更多
This paper discusses generahon of muscovite/ two-mica granite and their genetic relations to intracontinental subduchon. The major constraints of the formation of muscovite granite,taking Higher Himalaya for an examp...This paper discusses generahon of muscovite/ two-mica granite and their genetic relations to intracontinental subduchon. The major constraints of the formation of muscovite granite,taking Higher Himalaya for an example, are demostrated from multiple-aspects of geology,petrology, geochemistry, experimental petrology and geophysics .We suggest that the magma generates in the Main Central Thrust (Mad ) (30-35km ), and has higher temperature of 750-800℃, H2O-undersatorated and large capability to be emplacement into the sedimentary covers to form real igneous intrusion, rather than generster at the base of the thickened continental crust and has lower temperature of 600-650 ℃, H2O-saturated and less capability of emplacement to form intrusion in silo/semi-situ. A reasonable model of thermal structure of the intracontinental subduction zone is presented. Combining the possible material of magma source and the experimental phase relatioedps, we demonstrate in detail that the main magma source of the muscovite granitc is the pelitic rocks at top of the subduedon slab at the adjacent region of the subduction end. In addition, the H2O-saturate and wear saturated granitic magmas are formed at the wedge comer of the overlying slab. A new conclusion is reached that the generation Of muscovite granite is a result of the intracontinental subduction, in other words,the development of muscovite granite is a main signature to recognize the indacontinental subduction zone.展开更多
The mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP)/muscovite/ low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/ polypropylenegraftmaleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) ternary composites were investigated. In PP matrix, muscovite...The mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP)/muscovite/ low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/ polypropylenegraftmaleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) ternary composites were investigated. In PP matrix, muscovite, LDPE, and PP-g-MAH were added as strengthening agent, toughening agent, and compatibilizer, respectively. The effects of dosages of the added materials were analyzed. The - experimental results show that the optimum recipe of PP/muscovite/LDPE/PP-g-MAH composites is 100/10/6/20 (mass ratio). Compared with the pure PP, the mechanical properties of PP/muscovite/LDPE/PP-g-MAH composites, including notched impact strength, Rockwell hardness and flexural strength, are improved. Although tensile strength is slightly decreased, they have better toughness. Filled with muscovite, the heat-resistance and heat-decompostion of the composites are improved.展开更多
The interaction mechanism and phase evolution of ammonium polyphosphate(APP)mixed with muscovite(APP/muscovite)were studied by TG,XRD and SEM,respectively,during heating.When the temperature is not higher than 300...The interaction mechanism and phase evolution of ammonium polyphosphate(APP)mixed with muscovite(APP/muscovite)were studied by TG,XRD and SEM,respectively,during heating.When the temperature is not higher than 300 ℃,muscovite has no effect on the thermaldecomposition of APP,and the initialdecomposition temperature of APP/muscovite at 283 ℃ is basically the same as the APP at 295 ℃,and the main thermaldecomposition products are polyphosphoric acid and NH_4H_2PO_4 at 300 ℃.The polyphosphoric acid,the decomposition products of APP,can enable K and Siout of muscovite and interact with muscovite chemically to generate Al_2O_3·2SiO_2,α-SiO_2 and phosphates(AlPO_4 and K_5P_3O_(10))compounds during 400 ℃-800 ℃,which own obvious adhesive phenomenon and porous structure with the apparent porosity of 58.4%.Further reactions between phosphates other than reactions among Al_2O_3·2SiO_2 and α-SiO_2 can generate KAlP_2O_7 at 1 000 ℃ and the density of residualproduct is improved by low melting point phosphate filling pore to form relatively dense structure and decrease the apparent porosity to 44.4%.The flame resistant and self-supported ceramic materials are expected to enhance the fire-retarding synergistic effect between APP and muscovite.展开更多
Microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbents(MMCSA) were prepared by water solution polymerization using acrylic acid, acrylamide and itaconic acid as comonomers and microcrystal muscovite as an inorganic additi...Microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbents(MMCSA) were prepared by water solution polymerization using acrylic acid, acrylamide and itaconic acid as comonomers and microcrystal muscovite as an inorganic additive. Properties, such as water absorbency, salt absorbency, gel strength, water retention capacity and structure of MMCSA characterized by SEM and XRD, were investigated. Water absorbency, salt absorbency, gel strength, water retention capacity and thermostability were enhanced by incorporation of suitable amount of microcrystal muscovite. Water absorption of MMCSA was rapid, requiring 24.55 min to reach 63% of equilibrium absorbency(1218 g/g). Microcrystal muscovite was physically combined into the polymeric network without destroying its polycrystalline structure and microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent had some irregular, undulant, and small microporous holes with sheet-like microcrystal muscovite distributed in the polymeric matrix.展开更多
Solar cells were fabricated from (Muscovite/ TiO2/Dye/Al), the effect of temperature, concen- tration and light intensity on the electrical prop- erties of (Muscovite/TiO2/Dye/Al) was studied. The relationship between...Solar cells were fabricated from (Muscovite/ TiO2/Dye/Al), the effect of temperature, concen- tration and light intensity on the electrical prop- erties of (Muscovite/TiO2/Dye/Al) was studied. The relationship between current and voltage was found to be algorism, which is in agreement with the ordinary relation for solar cells. When dye concentration was increased the conductivity, fill factor and efficiency were also increased. This result is found to be in conformity with the theoretical relations. The small energy gaps for their samples show that they are semiconductors. The maximum efficiency obtained is 33.2%.展开更多
The studied area at Wadi Nugrus, Southeastern Desert, Egypt, is located between lat. 24°41'00'' and 24°41'35''N and long. 34°36'47'' and 34°37'09''E....The studied area at Wadi Nugrus, Southeastern Desert, Egypt, is located between lat. 24°41'00'' and 24°41'35''N and long. 34°36'47'' and 34°37'09''E. The rock types are represented by layered metagabbros, biotite schists, gneisses, granodiorites, and Muscovite granites. The muscovite granite of Wadi Nugrus, is small exposure in size (~5.0 km<sup>2</sup>), emplaced along NW-SE trend, with about 0.5 - 4.5 Km in length and 100 - 250 m in width and intruding the biotite schists. The studied muscovite granite is composed mainly of plagioclases, potash feldspars, quartz, biotite and muscovite. The recorded minerals assemblage can be classified into secondary U-minerals (uranophane and meta-autunite), U-bearing minerals (uranothorite and columbite) and accessory minerals (zircon, flourite, allanite, zinnwaldite and hematite). The U/eU is more unity where, the measured chemical uranium is higher than the measured equivalent uranium in the most analyzed samples especially in trenches, which reflect disequilibrium state. The activity concentrations range from 251.72 to 1096.2 Bq·kg<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup> for <sup>232</sup>Th, from 494 to 2593.5 Bq·kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>226</sup>Ra, and from 1314.6 to 1846.7 Bq·kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>40</sup>K. The obtained radiological data show that the average internal and external hazard indices are 9.11 and 5.78, respectively which are more than unity and highly exceeding the permissible limits (International Commission on Radiation Protection, ICRP). The internal and external hazards are mainly due to <sup>226</sup>Ra nuclei while the absorbed dose rate (nGy/h) is related to<sup> 232</sup>Th nuclei. The contributions of the three nuclei in the total absorbed dose rates and internal and external hazardous, for <sup>226</sup>Ra, it contributes by 72% in H<sub>in</sub>, 57% in H<sub>ex </sub>and 55% of D<sub>R</sub>, for <sup>232</sup>Th it contributes by 24% in H<sub>in</sub>, 37% in H<sub>ex</sub> and 36.9% of D<sub>R</sub>, while for <sup>40</sup>K it contributes by 4.1% in H<sub>in</sub>, 6.4% in H<sub>ex</sub> and 8.1% of D<sub>R</sub>.展开更多
Two-layer monoclinic (2M) muscovite mica sheets with a thickness of 12 μm are irradiated with Sn ions at room temperature with electronic energy loss (dE/dx)e of 14.7 keV/nm. The ion fiuence is varied between 1 &...Two-layer monoclinic (2M) muscovite mica sheets with a thickness of 12 μm are irradiated with Sn ions at room temperature with electronic energy loss (dE/dx)e of 14.7 keV/nm. The ion fiuence is varied between 1 ×10^11 and 1 ×10^13 ions/cm^2. Structural transition in irradiated mica is investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The main diffraction peaks shift to the high angles, and the inter-planar distance decreases due to swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation. Dehydration takes place in mica during SHI irradiation and mica with one-layer monoclinic (1M) structure is thought to be generated in 2M mica after SHI irradiation. In addition, micro stress and damage cross section in irradiated mica are analyzed according to XRD data. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is used on the irradiated mica to obtain the detailed information about the latent tracks and structural modifications directly. The latent track in mica presents an amorphous zone surrounded by strain contrast shell, which is associated with the residual stress in irradiated mica.展开更多
A new microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent was synthesized by UV photopolymerization using 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone(1 173) as photoinitiator,N,N-methylene bisacrylamide(MBA) as crosslinker,acryli...A new microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent was synthesized by UV photopolymerization using 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone(1 173) as photoinitiator,N,N-methylene bisacrylamide(MBA) as crosslinker,acrylic acid(AA),acrylamide(AM) and sodium 4-styrenesulfonate(SSS) as comonomers.Factors affecting water and salt absorption of the microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent,such as crosslinker amount,microcrystal muscovite concentration,photoinitiator content,and SSS concentration,were systematically studied.Water retention capacity of the composite superabsorbent was also investigated.The results show that microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent has water absorbency of 550 g/g,salt absorbency of 62 g/g,and water retention of 60% after heating at 70 ℃ for 40 h.The microcrystal muscovite is physically combined into the polymeric network without destroying its polycrystalline structure and the surface of the microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent has some deep and small holes.展开更多
Muscovite mica sheets with a thickness of 12 m were irradiated by swift heavy ions Kr and Bi from Heavy IonResearch Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). The uences range from 11010 to 11012 ions/cm2. The electronic energylo...Muscovite mica sheets with a thickness of 12 m were irradiated by swift heavy ions Kr and Bi from Heavy IonResearch Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). The uences range from 11010 to 11012 ions/cm2. The electronic energyloss (dE/dx)e increases from 5.9 to 31.5 keV/nm. The vibrational modi cations in irradiated mica were investigatedby Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and the latent tracks were observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM). The infrared spectrum shows that motions from all atom types in the muscovite mica structure could befound in modes for all vibrations. As shown in Fig. 1, the intensity of all vibrational modes in mica, including theOH stretch motion at 3621 cm??1, decreased with the increasing (dE/dx)e. The similar tendency is found in samplesirradiated by swift heavy ions with increasing ion uence. It is indicated that defects and structural modi cationsgenerated during swift heavy ion irradiation, and more defects are introduced by irradiation with higher ion uence.展开更多
Cu-doped muscovite(Mu) composite particles, abbreviated as Mu/Cu, were prepared via liquid phase reduction method. The morphologies, phase composition and elementary distribution of the as-prepared Mu/Cu and raw mus...Cu-doped muscovite(Mu) composite particles, abbreviated as Mu/Cu, were prepared via liquid phase reduction method. The morphologies, phase composition and elementary distribution of the as-prepared Mu/Cu and raw muscovite particles were characterized by means of scalmmg electron microscope(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS). The tirbological properties of Mu/Cu and Mu as lubricant additives in lithium grease were evaluated on a block-ring tribomachine. The roughness, 2D and 3D morphologies and elementary distribution of block worn surface were analyzed to explore the tribogical mechanism. The results show that muscovite are evenly coated by the cubic Cu nanoparticles in composite particles. Both Mu/Cu and Mu can effectively improve the tirbological properties of lithium grease and Mu/Cu exhibits better tribological performance than Mu. The friction coefficient of Mu/Cu is decreased by 69.2% as compared to that of lithium grease. The layer structure of muscovite is synergistic with Cu nanoparticles in contribution to the formation of lubricant film mainly consisting of O, Si, Fe, Cu as well as Al elements on the block worn surface thereby further reducing the friction and wear.展开更多
The garnet-muscovite geothermometer and garnet-muscovite-Al2SiO5 -quartz (GMAQ) geobarometer have been empirically calibrated under P-T conditions of 1-12 kbar and 460-760 ℃ using natural metapelitic rocks. The che...The garnet-muscovite geothermometer and garnet-muscovite-Al2SiO5 -quartz (GMAQ) geobarometer have been empirically calibrated under P-T conditions of 1-12 kbar and 460-760 ℃ using natural metapelitic rocks. The chemical compositions of the calibrant muscovite are in the ranges of Fe=0.03-0.21 atoms, Mg=0.02-0.32 atoms and AI VI=1.62-1.96 atoms, respectively, on the ll-oxygen basis per formula unit. The garnet-muscovite thermometer yields similar temperature estimates to the well calibrated garnet-biotite thermometer within error of 4-55 ℃, and successfully discriminates the systematic temperature change of the different zones of either the prograde or inverted metamorphic terranes or thermal contact aureoles. The six formulations of GMAQ barometry yield similar pressure estimates to the well calibrated GASP barometer within error of ±1.2 kbar, and plot the Al2SiOs-bearing metapelite into the correct stability field of the AI2SiOs polymorphs. Moreover, the GMAQ thermobarometers show that the pressure is almost constant for every thermal contact aureole within limited geographic region, which reflects geological condition. The random errors are estimated to be of ca. 4-60 ℃ and 4-1.4 kbar for the geothermometer and geobarometer, respectively. A spreadsheet for applying GMAQ geothermo- barometry is supplied in the Electronic Supplementary Materials.展开更多
During recent years,flexible electronics that are highlybendable,foldable,stretchable and twistable without sacrificing their functional performances have attracted a great number of researchers and engineers[1e5],and...During recent years,flexible electronics that are highlybendable,foldable,stretchable and twistable without sacrificing their functional performances have attracted a great number of researchers and engineers[1e5],and the rapid development of flexible electronics has promised to revolutionize the consumer electronics[6].For example,wearable devices[7],foldable displays[8],implanted systems[3]and brain-machine interfaces[9]have been emerged as innovative technologies.What is more,flexoelectricity and anomalous polarization behavior have been observed and manipulated[10,11],thanks to the flexibility rendered at the materials,structures,and devices level.展开更多
In C ?te d’Ivoire, traditional ceramics are widely used in the form of pottery. The latter is used to store food, water and cereals. Analyzes (X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ...In C ?te d’Ivoire, traditional ceramics are widely used in the form of pottery. The latter is used to store food, water and cereals. Analyzes (X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductive plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analysis thermal gravimetric (ATG)) were carried out to determine the morphology, the chemical, physical and pedological constituents of these raw materials. It appears from this study that the clays used in the Mangoro pottery of Katiola contain silica SiO<sub>2</sub>, alumina Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and iron oxide Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as well as kaolinite, muscovite, smectite and quartz.展开更多
The Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic orefield in Hunan Province, southern China, is a largesize tin orefield. Although numerous studies have been undertaken on this orefield, its genesis, mineralization age, and tectonic ...The Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic orefield in Hunan Province, southern China, is a largesize tin orefield. Although numerous studies have been undertaken on this orefield, its genesis, mineralization age, and tectonic setting are still controversial, mainly because of the lack of reliable geochronological data on tin mineralization. The ^40Ar^39Ar stepwise heating dating method was first employed on muscovite from different deposits in this orefield. The muscovite sample from the Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic deposit defines a plateau age of 154.4±1.1 Ma and an isochron age of 151.9±3.0 Ma; muscovite from the Xianghuapu W-polymetallic deposit yields a plateau age of 161.3±1.1 Ma and an isochron age of 160.0±3.2 Ma; muscovite from the Jianfengling greisen-type Sn-polymetallic deposit gives a plateau age of 158.7±1.2 Ma and an isochron age of 160.3±3.2 Ma. The tungsten-tin mineralization ages in the Xianghualing area are therefore restricted within 150-160 Ma. The tungstentin mineralization in Xianghualing occurred at the same time as the regional tin-tungsten mineralization including the Furong tin orefield, Shizhuyuan tungsten-tin polymetallic deposit and Yaogangxian tungsten-polymetallic deposit. Thus, the large-scale tungsten-tin metallogenesis in South China occurring at 160-150 Ma, probably is closely related to asthenospheric upwelling and crustmantle interaction under a geodynamic setting of crustal extension and lithosphere thinning during the transformation of tectonic regimes during the Mid-Late Jurassic.展开更多
Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous geological bodies in the Mianxian-Lueyang (Mian-Lue) collisional belt (MLB) and its neighbouring areas, southern Qinling Mountains, China, show similar characteristics of having un...Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous geological bodies in the Mianxian-Lueyang (Mian-Lue) collisional belt (MLB) and its neighbouring areas, southern Qinling Mountains, China, show similar characteristics of having undergone deformation of two stages. The earlier one, which is inferred to be related to collisional orogeny between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean palaeocontinents based on previous geological data, is responsible for large-scale, north-verging recumbent folds and overthrusts, and associated with low greenschist fades metamorphism. 40Ar/39Ar dating of three muscovite samples taken from different localities yields plateau ages of 226.9±0.9 and 219.5±1.4 Ma and an apparent age of 194.5±3.0 Ma. Thus, the late Triassic collision between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean palaeocontinents has been constrained.展开更多
文摘The paper talks about the elaboration of geopolymer with two types of kaolinite clays containing muscovite. The kaolinite materials were first calcined at different temperatures, and mixed with an activator solution, called liquid precursor, at a different solid/liquid mass ratio depending on their normal consistency to produce geopolymer binders. Results show that the geopolymer products obtained from the different clays have good physichomechanical properties: their open porosity and their water absorption rate decrease while their compressive strength and their apparent density increase with the increase in calcination temperature of the clays. The density of GABD binders varies between 2.92 and 2.47 g/cm<sup>3</sup> and that of GARD binders between 1.86 and 2.16 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. Specimens in the GABD series have the best mechanical performance, ranging from 14.43 to 31.37 MPa, while those in the GARD series oscillate between 6.18 and 11.56 MPa. These properties make kaolinite materials from this region suitable for use as construction materials for adequate waterproof structures.
基金supported by the Chinese Nonferrous Guilin Research Institute of Geology for Mineral Resource (No.ky20101372000001)
文摘Muscovite mineral was roasted in different conditions.Rubidium leaching rate was a standard to examine the impact of various factors on calcination effect,including the agent types,roasting time,mass ratio,and roasting temperature.The results indicate that the best agent is the combination of sodium chloride and calcium chloride,and its mass ratio of muscovite/NaCl/CaCl2is1.00:0.25:0.25.Calcined at 850℃ for 30 min,the rubidium leaching rate is up to 90.12%.The reaction of muscovite ore with the chlorinating agent CaCl2was studied by TG/DSC,and the surface morphology before and after leaching was characterized by SEM.Rubidium chloride products can be obtained using t-BAMBP extraction,hydrochloric acid re-extraction,and purification.
基金supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korean government(NRF-2017R1A2B4009963,to JYO,TYH,JHJ and HJP)from the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine(grant K18182,to JYP,YR and HJP)。
文摘Despite numerous efforts to overcome neuropathic pain,various pharmacological drugs often fail to meet the needs and have many side effects.Muscovite is an aluminosilicate mineral that has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect,but the efficacy of muscovite for neuropathic pain has not been investigated.Here,we assessed whether muscovite nanoparticles can reduce the symptoms of pain by controlling the inflammatory process observed in neuropathic pain.The analgesic effects of muscovite nanoparticles were explored using partial sciatic nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain,in which one-third to onehalf of the nerve trifurcation of the sciatic nerve was tightly tied to the dorsal side.Muscovite nanoparticles(4 mg/100μL)was given intramuscularly to evaluate its effects on neuropathic pain(3 days per week for 4 weeks).The results showed that the muscovite nanoparticle injections significantly alleviated partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced mechanical and cold allodynia.In the spinal cord,the muscovite nanoparticle injections exhibited inhibitory effects on astrocyte and microglia activation and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleiukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,which were upregulated in the partial sciatic nerve ligation model.Moreover,the muscovite nanoparticle injections resulted in a decrease in activating transcription factor 3,a neuronal injury marker,in the sciatic nerve.These results suggest that the analgesic effects of muscovite nanoparticle on partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain may result from inhibiting activation of astrocytes and microglia as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines.We propose that muscovite nanoparticle is a potential anti-nociceptive candidate for neuropathic pain.All experimental protocols in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee(IACUC)at Dongguk University,South Korea(approval No.2017-022-1)on September 28,2017.
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(XM2013018)Logistics Project Foundation of China(Oil 20070209)
文摘Lanthanum-doped muscovite(MC) composite particles(hereinafter abbreviated as La-MC) were prepared by the mechanical solid-state-chemistry-reaction method, followed by surface modification with oleic acid. The microstructure of materials was characterized by SEM, XRD, EDS and FTIR. Furthermore, the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of MC and La-MC as lubricant additives in lithium grease were evaluated using a four-ball friction and wear tester. The results showed that La(OH)_3 nanoparticles were coated on the surface of muscovite. Both MC and La-MC can effectively improve the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of lithium grease and La-MC presents better tribological properties than MC. The excellent tribological properties of La-MC can be attributed to the formation of the adsorbed La-MC film and the chemical reaction film mainly composed of Fe_2O_3 and SiO_2 on the worn surface, as well as the catalysis of lanthanum element during the friction process.
基金Supported by Medical and Health Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China,No.20112DA022
文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of muscovite in preventing small bowel injury induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).METHODS: We recruited and screened thirty-two healthy volunteers who were randomly allocated equally into two groups: an NSAID control group, who received 75 mg slow-release diclofenac, twice daily for 14 d; and an NSAID-muscovite group, who received 3 g of muscovite in addition to the 75 mg of slow-release diclofenac, twice daily for 14 d. For gastroprotection, both groups were administered 20 mg/d of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole. All eligible subjects underwent video capsule endoscopy(CE) prior to and 14 d after treatment.RESULTS: Thirty subjects(NSAID-muscovite group,n =16; NSAID control group, n =14) finally completed the whole trail. At the baseline CE examination, no statistically significant differences between the two groups have been observed. However, after 14 d of drug treatment, a significant difference was observed in the percentage of subjects with mucosal breaks when comparing the NSAID-muscovite group with the NSAID control group. While 71.4%(10/14) of subjects in the NSAID control group had at least one mucosal break, co-administration of muscovite in the NSAID-muscovite group reduced the rate to 31.3%(5/16)(P = 0.028). Moreover, higher number of mucosal breaks was found in the NSAID control group vs that in the NSAID-muscovite group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Muscovite co-therapy reduced the incidence of small intestinal injury after 14 d of diclofenac administration.
文摘This paper discusses generahon of muscovite/ two-mica granite and their genetic relations to intracontinental subduchon. The major constraints of the formation of muscovite granite,taking Higher Himalaya for an example, are demostrated from multiple-aspects of geology,petrology, geochemistry, experimental petrology and geophysics .We suggest that the magma generates in the Main Central Thrust (Mad ) (30-35km ), and has higher temperature of 750-800℃, H2O-undersatorated and large capability to be emplacement into the sedimentary covers to form real igneous intrusion, rather than generster at the base of the thickened continental crust and has lower temperature of 600-650 ℃, H2O-saturated and less capability of emplacement to form intrusion in silo/semi-situ. A reasonable model of thermal structure of the intracontinental subduction zone is presented. Combining the possible material of magma source and the experimental phase relatioedps, we demonstrate in detail that the main magma source of the muscovite granitc is the pelitic rocks at top of the subduedon slab at the adjacent region of the subduction end. In addition, the H2O-saturate and wear saturated granitic magmas are formed at the wedge comer of the overlying slab. A new conclusion is reached that the generation Of muscovite granite is a result of the intracontinental subduction, in other words,the development of muscovite granite is a main signature to recognize the indacontinental subduction zone.
基金Funded by the 11th Five-Year National Key Technology R&D Pro-gram(2006BAB12B02)
文摘The mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP)/muscovite/ low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/ polypropylenegraftmaleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) ternary composites were investigated. In PP matrix, muscovite, LDPE, and PP-g-MAH were added as strengthening agent, toughening agent, and compatibilizer, respectively. The effects of dosages of the added materials were analyzed. The - experimental results show that the optimum recipe of PP/muscovite/LDPE/PP-g-MAH composites is 100/10/6/20 (mass ratio). Compared with the pure PP, the mechanical properties of PP/muscovite/LDPE/PP-g-MAH composites, including notched impact strength, Rockwell hardness and flexural strength, are improved. Although tensile strength is slightly decreased, they have better toughness. Filled with muscovite, the heat-resistance and heat-decompostion of the composites are improved.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51472188)
文摘The interaction mechanism and phase evolution of ammonium polyphosphate(APP)mixed with muscovite(APP/muscovite)were studied by TG,XRD and SEM,respectively,during heating.When the temperature is not higher than 300 ℃,muscovite has no effect on the thermaldecomposition of APP,and the initialdecomposition temperature of APP/muscovite at 283 ℃ is basically the same as the APP at 295 ℃,and the main thermaldecomposition products are polyphosphoric acid and NH_4H_2PO_4 at 300 ℃.The polyphosphoric acid,the decomposition products of APP,can enable K and Siout of muscovite and interact with muscovite chemically to generate Al_2O_3·2SiO_2,α-SiO_2 and phosphates(AlPO_4 and K_5P_3O_(10))compounds during 400 ℃-800 ℃,which own obvious adhesive phenomenon and porous structure with the apparent porosity of 58.4%.Further reactions between phosphates other than reactions among Al_2O_3·2SiO_2 and α-SiO_2 can generate KAlP_2O_7 at 1 000 ℃ and the density of residualproduct is improved by low melting point phosphate filling pore to form relatively dense structure and decrease the apparent porosity to 44.4%.The flame resistant and self-supported ceramic materials are expected to enhance the fire-retarding synergistic effect between APP and muscovite.
基金Funded by the Sichuan Provincial Science & Technology Pillar Program,China(2010GZ0128)the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Cheng du University of Technology,China(SKLGP2012K004)
文摘Microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbents(MMCSA) were prepared by water solution polymerization using acrylic acid, acrylamide and itaconic acid as comonomers and microcrystal muscovite as an inorganic additive. Properties, such as water absorbency, salt absorbency, gel strength, water retention capacity and structure of MMCSA characterized by SEM and XRD, were investigated. Water absorbency, salt absorbency, gel strength, water retention capacity and thermostability were enhanced by incorporation of suitable amount of microcrystal muscovite. Water absorption of MMCSA was rapid, requiring 24.55 min to reach 63% of equilibrium absorbency(1218 g/g). Microcrystal muscovite was physically combined into the polymeric network without destroying its polycrystalline structure and microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent had some irregular, undulant, and small microporous holes with sheet-like microcrystal muscovite distributed in the polymeric matrix.
文摘Solar cells were fabricated from (Muscovite/ TiO2/Dye/Al), the effect of temperature, concen- tration and light intensity on the electrical prop- erties of (Muscovite/TiO2/Dye/Al) was studied. The relationship between current and voltage was found to be algorism, which is in agreement with the ordinary relation for solar cells. When dye concentration was increased the conductivity, fill factor and efficiency were also increased. This result is found to be in conformity with the theoretical relations. The small energy gaps for their samples show that they are semiconductors. The maximum efficiency obtained is 33.2%.
文摘The studied area at Wadi Nugrus, Southeastern Desert, Egypt, is located between lat. 24°41'00'' and 24°41'35''N and long. 34°36'47'' and 34°37'09''E. The rock types are represented by layered metagabbros, biotite schists, gneisses, granodiorites, and Muscovite granites. The muscovite granite of Wadi Nugrus, is small exposure in size (~5.0 km<sup>2</sup>), emplaced along NW-SE trend, with about 0.5 - 4.5 Km in length and 100 - 250 m in width and intruding the biotite schists. The studied muscovite granite is composed mainly of plagioclases, potash feldspars, quartz, biotite and muscovite. The recorded minerals assemblage can be classified into secondary U-minerals (uranophane and meta-autunite), U-bearing minerals (uranothorite and columbite) and accessory minerals (zircon, flourite, allanite, zinnwaldite and hematite). The U/eU is more unity where, the measured chemical uranium is higher than the measured equivalent uranium in the most analyzed samples especially in trenches, which reflect disequilibrium state. The activity concentrations range from 251.72 to 1096.2 Bq·kg<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup> for <sup>232</sup>Th, from 494 to 2593.5 Bq·kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>226</sup>Ra, and from 1314.6 to 1846.7 Bq·kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>40</sup>K. The obtained radiological data show that the average internal and external hazard indices are 9.11 and 5.78, respectively which are more than unity and highly exceeding the permissible limits (International Commission on Radiation Protection, ICRP). The internal and external hazards are mainly due to <sup>226</sup>Ra nuclei while the absorbed dose rate (nGy/h) is related to<sup> 232</sup>Th nuclei. The contributions of the three nuclei in the total absorbed dose rates and internal and external hazardous, for <sup>226</sup>Ra, it contributes by 72% in H<sub>in</sub>, 57% in H<sub>ex </sub>and 55% of D<sub>R</sub>, for <sup>232</sup>Th it contributes by 24% in H<sub>in</sub>, 37% in H<sub>ex</sub> and 36.9% of D<sub>R</sub>, while for <sup>40</sup>K it contributes by 4.1% in H<sub>in</sub>, 6.4% in H<sub>ex</sub> and 8.1% of D<sub>R</sub>.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11675233 and 11505243)
文摘Two-layer monoclinic (2M) muscovite mica sheets with a thickness of 12 μm are irradiated with Sn ions at room temperature with electronic energy loss (dE/dx)e of 14.7 keV/nm. The ion fiuence is varied between 1 ×10^11 and 1 ×10^13 ions/cm^2. Structural transition in irradiated mica is investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The main diffraction peaks shift to the high angles, and the inter-planar distance decreases due to swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation. Dehydration takes place in mica during SHI irradiation and mica with one-layer monoclinic (1M) structure is thought to be generated in 2M mica after SHI irradiation. In addition, micro stress and damage cross section in irradiated mica are analyzed according to XRD data. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is used on the irradiated mica to obtain the detailed information about the latent tracks and structural modifications directly. The latent track in mica presents an amorphous zone surrounded by strain contrast shell, which is associated with the residual stress in irradiated mica.
基金Funded by Sichuan Provincial Science&Technology Pillar Program,China(Nos.2010GZ0128,2014GZX0010)Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,China(No.SKLGP2012K004)the Sichuan Youth Science and Technology Innovation Research Team Funding Scheme,China(No.2013TD0005)
文摘A new microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent was synthesized by UV photopolymerization using 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone(1 173) as photoinitiator,N,N-methylene bisacrylamide(MBA) as crosslinker,acrylic acid(AA),acrylamide(AM) and sodium 4-styrenesulfonate(SSS) as comonomers.Factors affecting water and salt absorption of the microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent,such as crosslinker amount,microcrystal muscovite concentration,photoinitiator content,and SSS concentration,were systematically studied.Water retention capacity of the composite superabsorbent was also investigated.The results show that microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent has water absorbency of 550 g/g,salt absorbency of 62 g/g,and water retention of 60% after heating at 70 ℃ for 40 h.The microcrystal muscovite is physically combined into the polymeric network without destroying its polycrystalline structure and the surface of the microcrystal muscovite composite superabsorbent has some deep and small holes.
文摘Muscovite mica sheets with a thickness of 12 m were irradiated by swift heavy ions Kr and Bi from Heavy IonResearch Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). The uences range from 11010 to 11012 ions/cm2. The electronic energyloss (dE/dx)e increases from 5.9 to 31.5 keV/nm. The vibrational modi cations in irradiated mica were investigatedby Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and the latent tracks were observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM). The infrared spectrum shows that motions from all atom types in the muscovite mica structure could befound in modes for all vibrations. As shown in Fig. 1, the intensity of all vibrational modes in mica, including theOH stretch motion at 3621 cm??1, decreased with the increasing (dE/dx)e. The similar tendency is found in samplesirradiated by swift heavy ions with increasing ion uence. It is indicated that defects and structural modi cationsgenerated during swift heavy ion irradiation, and more defects are introduced by irradiation with higher ion uence.
文摘Cu-doped muscovite(Mu) composite particles, abbreviated as Mu/Cu, were prepared via liquid phase reduction method. The morphologies, phase composition and elementary distribution of the as-prepared Mu/Cu and raw muscovite particles were characterized by means of scalmmg electron microscope(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS). The tirbological properties of Mu/Cu and Mu as lubricant additives in lithium grease were evaluated on a block-ring tribomachine. The roughness, 2D and 3D morphologies and elementary distribution of block worn surface were analyzed to explore the tribogical mechanism. The results show that muscovite are evenly coated by the cubic Cu nanoparticles in composite particles. Both Mu/Cu and Mu can effectively improve the tirbological properties of lithium grease and Mu/Cu exhibits better tribological performance than Mu. The friction coefficient of Mu/Cu is decreased by 69.2% as compared to that of lithium grease. The layer structure of muscovite is synergistic with Cu nanoparticles in contribution to the formation of lubricant film mainly consisting of O, Si, Fe, Cu as well as Al elements on the block worn surface thereby further reducing the friction and wear.
基金supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDJ-SSW-DQC036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41730215)
文摘The garnet-muscovite geothermometer and garnet-muscovite-Al2SiO5 -quartz (GMAQ) geobarometer have been empirically calibrated under P-T conditions of 1-12 kbar and 460-760 ℃ using natural metapelitic rocks. The chemical compositions of the calibrant muscovite are in the ranges of Fe=0.03-0.21 atoms, Mg=0.02-0.32 atoms and AI VI=1.62-1.96 atoms, respectively, on the ll-oxygen basis per formula unit. The garnet-muscovite thermometer yields similar temperature estimates to the well calibrated garnet-biotite thermometer within error of 4-55 ℃, and successfully discriminates the systematic temperature change of the different zones of either the prograde or inverted metamorphic terranes or thermal contact aureoles. The six formulations of GMAQ barometry yield similar pressure estimates to the well calibrated GASP barometer within error of ±1.2 kbar, and plot the Al2SiOs-bearing metapelite into the correct stability field of the AI2SiOs polymorphs. Moreover, the GMAQ thermobarometers show that the pressure is almost constant for every thermal contact aureole within limited geographic region, which reflects geological condition. The random errors are estimated to be of ca. 4-60 ℃ and 4-1.4 kbar for the geothermometer and geobarometer, respectively. A spreadsheet for applying GMAQ geothermo- barometry is supplied in the Electronic Supplementary Materials.
基金the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(51902337)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(KQTD20170810160424889)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M643249)SIAT Innovation Program for Excellent Young Researchers(201817).
文摘During recent years,flexible electronics that are highlybendable,foldable,stretchable and twistable without sacrificing their functional performances have attracted a great number of researchers and engineers[1e5],and the rapid development of flexible electronics has promised to revolutionize the consumer electronics[6].For example,wearable devices[7],foldable displays[8],implanted systems[3]and brain-machine interfaces[9]have been emerged as innovative technologies.What is more,flexoelectricity and anomalous polarization behavior have been observed and manipulated[10,11],thanks to the flexibility rendered at the materials,structures,and devices level.
文摘In C ?te d’Ivoire, traditional ceramics are widely used in the form of pottery. The latter is used to store food, water and cereals. Analyzes (X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductive plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analysis thermal gravimetric (ATG)) were carried out to determine the morphology, the chemical, physical and pedological constituents of these raw materials. It appears from this study that the clays used in the Mangoro pottery of Katiola contain silica SiO<sub>2</sub>, alumina Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and iron oxide Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as well as kaolinite, muscovite, smectite and quartz.
基金the Innovative Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX3-SW-125) National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40472053 , No. 40673021).
文摘The Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic orefield in Hunan Province, southern China, is a largesize tin orefield. Although numerous studies have been undertaken on this orefield, its genesis, mineralization age, and tectonic setting are still controversial, mainly because of the lack of reliable geochronological data on tin mineralization. The ^40Ar^39Ar stepwise heating dating method was first employed on muscovite from different deposits in this orefield. The muscovite sample from the Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic deposit defines a plateau age of 154.4±1.1 Ma and an isochron age of 151.9±3.0 Ma; muscovite from the Xianghuapu W-polymetallic deposit yields a plateau age of 161.3±1.1 Ma and an isochron age of 160.0±3.2 Ma; muscovite from the Jianfengling greisen-type Sn-polymetallic deposit gives a plateau age of 158.7±1.2 Ma and an isochron age of 160.3±3.2 Ma. The tungsten-tin mineralization ages in the Xianghualing area are therefore restricted within 150-160 Ma. The tungstentin mineralization in Xianghualing occurred at the same time as the regional tin-tungsten mineralization including the Furong tin orefield, Shizhuyuan tungsten-tin polymetallic deposit and Yaogangxian tungsten-polymetallic deposit. Thus, the large-scale tungsten-tin metallogenesis in South China occurring at 160-150 Ma, probably is closely related to asthenospheric upwelling and crustmantle interaction under a geodynamic setting of crustal extension and lithosphere thinning during the transformation of tectonic regimes during the Mid-Late Jurassic.
文摘Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous geological bodies in the Mianxian-Lueyang (Mian-Lue) collisional belt (MLB) and its neighbouring areas, southern Qinling Mountains, China, show similar characteristics of having undergone deformation of two stages. The earlier one, which is inferred to be related to collisional orogeny between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean palaeocontinents based on previous geological data, is responsible for large-scale, north-verging recumbent folds and overthrusts, and associated with low greenschist fades metamorphism. 40Ar/39Ar dating of three muscovite samples taken from different localities yields plateau ages of 226.9±0.9 and 219.5±1.4 Ma and an apparent age of 194.5±3.0 Ma. Thus, the late Triassic collision between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean palaeocontinents has been constrained.