"S-E-T"是指:通过分析当前"社会、经济、技术"的状况,并预测未来发展趋势,进而找出现有产品和新趋势推动下所产生的需要或者改进可能性之间的缺口。以德国M U T E电动汽车为例,基于这三种因素对新产品机会进行了评..."S-E-T"是指:通过分析当前"社会、经济、技术"的状况,并预测未来发展趋势,进而找出现有产品和新趋势推动下所产生的需要或者改进可能性之间的缺口。以德国M U T E电动汽车为例,基于这三种因素对新产品机会进行了评估,并通过工业设计实现该机会。具体设计过程包括概念设计与造型设计,概念设计又包括车身工程设计、品牌规划两个阶段;造型设计部分又包括总体造型设计、标识性特征设计、细节设计三个阶段。最后对该方法进行了总结。展开更多
The goal of quality-of-service （QoS） multicast routing is to establish a multicast tree which satisfies certain constraints on bandwidth, delay and other metrics. The network state information maintained at every no...The goal of quality-of-service （QoS） multicast routing is to establish a multicast tree which satisfies certain constraints on bandwidth, delay and other metrics. The network state information maintained at every node is often im- precise in a dynamic environment because of non-negligible propagation delay of state messages, periodic updates due to overhead concern, and hierarchical state aggregation. The existing QoS multicast routing algorithms do not provide satisfactory performance with imprecise state information. We propose a distributed QoS multicast routing scheme based on traffic lights, called QMRI algorithm, which can probe multiple feasible tree branches, and select the optimal or near-optimal branch through the UR or TL mode for constructing a multicast tree with QoS guarantees if it exists. The scheme is designed to work with imprecise state information. The proposed algorithm considers not only the QoS requirements but also the cost optimality of the multicast tree. The correctness proof and the complexity analysis about the QMRI algorithm are also given. In addition, we develop NS2 so that it is able to simulate the imprecise network state information. Extensive simulations show that our algorithm achieves high call-admission ratio and low-cost multicast trees with modest message overhead.展开更多
Y2O2S：Eu nano crystallines were prepared by a new ethanol assisted combustion synthesis method using sulfurcontained organic fuel in an ethanol-aqueous solution. The as-prepared nanocrystallines were characterized by...Y2O2S：Eu nano crystallines were prepared by a new ethanol assisted combustion synthesis method using sulfurcontained organic fuel in an ethanol-aqueous solution. The as-prepared nanocrystallines were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, photoluminescence spectra and X-ray luminescence spectra. It is shown that the assistant fuel ethanol has the effect of decreasing the water needed, simplifying the experiment procedure by dissolving rare earth nitrate and sulfur-contained organic fuel into an even solution, and prompting the formation of rare earth oxysulfide by igniting firstly during heating that leads to combustion decomposition reaction. Y2O2S ： Eu nano crystallines with strong photoluminescence and X-ray luminescence are obtained using thioacetamide as organic fuel. Mixtures of Y2O3 ： Eu and Y2O2S ： Eu are acquired using thiourea as fuel, and the content of Y2O2S ： Eu increases until reaches to about half of the Y2O3 ： Eu with the increasing amount of thiourea. Y2O2SO4 ： Eu emerges when S/Y = 6 and increases with increasing thiourea amount.展开更多
The article proposes a network parameter-awareness （NPA） method and applies it to routing discovery algorithms in autonomic optical Internet. This NPA method can perceive the main parameters of the network, such as ...The article proposes a network parameter-awareness （NPA） method and applies it to routing discovery algorithms in autonomic optical Internet. This NPA method can perceive the main parameters of the network, such as delay, jitter and traffic, which can represent the current situation of the network. And these parameters enable network to determine the appropriate nodes for routing discovery. The simulation results of evaluating performance of a network with NPA method and its routing applications show that the method and its applications in routing improve the performance of the network significantly with quality of service （QoS） guaranteed.展开更多
文摘"S-E-T"是指:通过分析当前"社会、经济、技术"的状况,并预测未来发展趋势,进而找出现有产品和新趋势推动下所产生的需要或者改进可能性之间的缺口。以德国M U T E电动汽车为例,基于这三种因素对新产品机会进行了评估,并通过工业设计实现该机会。具体设计过程包括概念设计与造型设计,概念设计又包括车身工程设计、品牌规划两个阶段;造型设计部分又包括总体造型设计、标识性特征设计、细节设计三个阶段。最后对该方法进行了总结。
文摘The goal of quality-of-service （QoS） multicast routing is to establish a multicast tree which satisfies certain constraints on bandwidth, delay and other metrics. The network state information maintained at every node is often im- precise in a dynamic environment because of non-negligible propagation delay of state messages, periodic updates due to overhead concern, and hierarchical state aggregation. The existing QoS multicast routing algorithms do not provide satisfactory performance with imprecise state information. We propose a distributed QoS multicast routing scheme based on traffic lights, called QMRI algorithm, which can probe multiple feasible tree branches, and select the optimal or near-optimal branch through the UR or TL mode for constructing a multicast tree with QoS guarantees if it exists. The scheme is designed to work with imprecise state information. The proposed algorithm considers not only the QoS requirements but also the cost optimality of the multicast tree. The correctness proof and the complexity analysis about the QMRI algorithm are also given. In addition, we develop NS2 so that it is able to simulate the imprecise network state information. Extensive simulations show that our algorithm achieves high call-admission ratio and low-cost multicast trees with modest message overhead.
文摘Y2O2S：Eu nano crystallines were prepared by a new ethanol assisted combustion synthesis method using sulfurcontained organic fuel in an ethanol-aqueous solution. The as-prepared nanocrystallines were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, photoluminescence spectra and X-ray luminescence spectra. It is shown that the assistant fuel ethanol has the effect of decreasing the water needed, simplifying the experiment procedure by dissolving rare earth nitrate and sulfur-contained organic fuel into an even solution, and prompting the formation of rare earth oxysulfide by igniting firstly during heating that leads to combustion decomposition reaction. Y2O2S ： Eu nano crystallines with strong photoluminescence and X-ray luminescence are obtained using thioacetamide as organic fuel. Mixtures of Y2O3 ： Eu and Y2O2S ： Eu are acquired using thiourea as fuel, and the content of Y2O2S ： Eu increases until reaches to about half of the Y2O3 ： Eu with the increasing amount of thiourea. Y2O2SO4 ： Eu emerges when S/Y = 6 and increases with increasing thiourea amount.
基金supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China(2006AA01Z238)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(90704006)+3 种基金the National BasicResearch Program of China(2007CB310705)PCSIRT(IRT0609)ISTCP(2006DFA11040)111 Project(B07005)
文摘The article proposes a network parameter-awareness （NPA） method and applies it to routing discovery algorithms in autonomic optical Internet. This NPA method can perceive the main parameters of the network, such as delay, jitter and traffic, which can represent the current situation of the network. And these parameters enable network to determine the appropriate nodes for routing discovery. The simulation results of evaluating performance of a network with NPA method and its routing applications show that the method and its applications in routing improve the performance of the network significantly with quality of service （QoS） guaranteed.
