目的探讨DARA-Fab片段处理经抗CD38单克隆抗体雷达木(daratumumab,DARA)治疗后的多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)患者输血相容性检测方法的可行性,并通过对比二硫苏糖醇(Dithiothreitol,DTT)方法评估其输血疗效。方法将DARA使用Pierc...目的探讨DARA-Fab片段处理经抗CD38单克隆抗体雷达木(daratumumab,DARA)治疗后的多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)患者输血相容性检测方法的可行性,并通过对比二硫苏糖醇(Dithiothreitol,DTT)方法评估其输血疗效。方法将DARA使用PierceFab制备试剂盒制备成DARA-Fab片段后,确认不同体积(5、10、15、30μL)DARA-Fab片段对于抗筛细胞和抗体鉴定细胞的中和效果;DARA-Fab片段和明确相应抗原的抗筛细胞与对应的单抗试剂为试验组,以添加同体积的生理盐水为对照组孵育后离心;各选取20名经DARA治疗后的MM患者,分别使用DARA-Fab封闭RBC表面抗原和与DTT破坏红细胞表面抗原的方法来进行输血相容性检测,对其输血前后实验室指标进行统计分析,并比较2种配血方法。结果15、30μL DARA-Fab片段与抗筛细胞与混有DARA的血清孵育离心后结果为阴性,5、10μL DARA-Fab结果为阳性,15μL DARA-Fab处理抗体鉴定细胞(2、3、4、5、7、9、11)后为阴性,抗体鉴定细胞(1、6、8、10、12)经30μL DARA-Fab片段处理后,结果为阴性;添加DARA-Fab的实验组对MNS系统、Duffy、Kidd、Kell、Lewis、Rh血型系统和对照组结果一致;DARA-Fab片段这20名患者输注RBC后Hb(hemoglobin,Hb)(73.90±1.90)(g/L)比输血前(63.60±1.58)明显提高,统计学差异明显(P<0.01);患者总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBil)(μmol/L)(16.25±3.54 vs 17.87±3.57)、直接胆红素(direct bilirubin,DBIL)(μmol/L)(6.31±2.32 vs 7.10±2.80)和间接胆红素(Indirect Bilirubin,I-Bil)(9.94±1.38 vs 10.77±1.22)输注前后无明显差异,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。DTT处理方法与DARA-Fab片段封闭方法的输血前后Hb差值(10.75±1.04 vs 10.30±0.98)、TBil差值(3.31±1.47 vs 3.31±0.55)、DBIL差值(2.76±1.24 vs 2.60±0.83)和I-Bil差值(1.97±0.40 vs 2.82±0.53)无明显差异,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论DARA-Fab片段可通过封闭RBC表面CD38抗原,来去除DARA对红细胞输血相容性检测的干扰,这种封闭方法对于红细胞临床常见血型系统的抗原无影响,且通过这种配血方法实验室指标输血疗效明显,与DTT方法的输血疗效无差异。展开更多
目的探讨根据国际骨髓瘤工作组(International Myeloma Working Group,IMWG)标准不同浆细胞病分型患者骨髓浆细胞数量及免疫表型的差异。方法回顾性分析2019年6月12日至2023年9月5日在复旦大学附属中山医院厦门医院诊治的浆细胞病患者...目的探讨根据国际骨髓瘤工作组(International Myeloma Working Group,IMWG)标准不同浆细胞病分型患者骨髓浆细胞数量及免疫表型的差异。方法回顾性分析2019年6月12日至2023年9月5日在复旦大学附属中山医院厦门医院诊治的浆细胞病患者血清学及骨髓流式结果。结果纳入102例浆细胞病患者,男性63例,女性39例,发病年龄22~85岁,其中意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白血症46例,冒烟型骨髓瘤5例,多发性骨髓瘤39例,轻链淀粉样变性12例。所有患者均伴有M蛋白,包含IgG型58例、非IgG型44例。所有患者骨髓均可检测到浆细胞,其中79例患者骨髓检测到异常浆细胞,63例患者骨髓检测到正常浆细胞,40例患者骨髓同时检测到正常及异常浆细胞。52例患者骨髓的异常浆细胞表达CD56,12例患者骨髓异常浆细胞表达CD117。不同疾病组间的性别、年龄差异无统计学意义。不同疾病组间的M蛋白类型及浓度、血清受累/非受累游离轻链、骨髓总浆细胞(包括正常及异常浆细胞)/有核细胞、骨髓异常浆细胞/有核细胞、骨髓异常浆细胞/骨髓总浆细胞、骨髓正常浆细胞/骨髓总浆细胞的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。不同疾病组中异常浆细胞CD56的表达存在统计学差异(P=0.009),而CD117的表达差异无统计学意义。结论轻链淀粉样变性患者骨髓克隆性浆细胞的比例、克隆性浆细胞/骨髓总浆细胞、异常浆细胞CD56表达比例与意义未明单克隆丙种球蛋白血症相仿,而与多发性骨髓瘤患者有显著差异。展开更多
Objective This case-control study aimed to investigate whether diabetes mellitus(DM),hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and chronic viral hepatitis are risk factors for multiple myeloma(MM).Moreover,the clinical characterist...Objective This case-control study aimed to investigate whether diabetes mellitus(DM),hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and chronic viral hepatitis are risk factors for multiple myeloma(MM).Moreover,the clinical characteristics of MM patients with or without the abovementioned exposure factors were analyzed.Methods In total,340 MM patients and 680 patients with benign diseases who were hospitalized from January 2012 to December 2017 were classified under the case group and control group,respectively.Data about medical history of DM,hypertension,hyperlipidemia and chronic viral hepatitis were collected by reviewing medical records.Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to compare the history of DM,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and viral hepatitis between the two groups.Considering DM,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and chronic viral hepatitis as exposure factors,clinical characteristics,such as renal function and presence of fungal and other types of infections,between the exposed and nonexposed groups were analyzed.Results No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of DM,hypertension,and hyperlipidemia between the case and control groups.MM patients had a higher prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis than those with benign diseases.No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of renal dysfunction,fungal infection,and non-fungal infections in MM patients with or without DM,hypertension,and hyperlipidemia.MM patients with chronic viral hepatitis had a significantly higher prevalence of nonfungal infections during hospitalization than those without.Conclusion No significant association was noted between MM and DM,hypertension,and hyperlipidemia.Chronic viral hepatitis is correlated to a significantly higher risk of MM,and MM patients with chronic viral hepatitis were more susceptible to non-fungal infections during hospitalization.Although a non-significant trend was observed in this study,we believe that DM and hypertension might be associated with a higher risk of MM.Thus,large-scale studies must be conducted to validate the results of the current study.展开更多
Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the clinic manifestation, diagnosis and treatment on multiple myeloma (MM) with the onset of renal impairment. Methods: The 27 cases of multiple myeloma with the onse...Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the clinic manifestation, diagnosis and treatment on multiple myeloma (MM) with the onset of renal impairment. Methods: The 27 cases of multiple myeloma with the onset of renal impair-ment were collected in Department of Nephrology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, China, from January 2007 to January 2011. All cases were divided into the groups with renal dysfunction (n = 16) and normal renal function (n = 11). The clinic manifestations, treatments and prognosis of all patients were analyzed. Results: Of all the patients in normal renal function group, 5 suffered nephrotic syndrome, 4 had abnormal results of routine urinalysis (hematuria or proteinuria) which were not caused by nephrotic syndrome, and 1 suffered urinary tract infection. Five pathological specimens of renal biopsy revealed that light chain protein, immunoglobulin and complement C3 were deposited mainly in the glomerular base-ment membrane and mesangia, tubular basement membrane and arteriolar walls. Two pathological specimens were proved to be renal amyloidosis. Patients with renal dysfunction had poorer prognosis, severer anemia, higher values of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), worse responses to chemotherapy. Of 16 patients with renal dysfunc-tion, 14 (87.5%) were stage III, which were significantly higher than that in the group of normal renal function [63.6% (7/11)]. Of 16 cases with renal dysfunction, 9 were treated with blood purification, and 5 of 9 cases were treated with plasma exchange. Conclusion: Multiple myeloma with the onset of renal impairment was easily misdiagnosed. Hemodialysis concomitant with chemotherapy could contribute to recovery of renal function.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the value of radionuclide whole-body bone imaging on monitoring chemotherapeutic ~ffects for multiple myeloma （MM）. Methods： Sixty patients were included. Twenty nine cases received CTD ...Objective： To investigate the value of radionuclide whole-body bone imaging on monitoring chemotherapeutic ~ffects for multiple myeloma （MM）. Methods： Sixty patients were included. Twenty nine cases received CTD （thalidomide 100-200 rag/d; cyclophosphamide 200-300 mg/m2od, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks; and dexamethasone 20-40 rag/d, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks）; Thirty cases received VAD （vincristine 0.4 mg/d, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks; adriamycin 10 mg/d, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks; dexamethasone 40 rag/d, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks）. Radionuclide bone imagings were performed in all patients before chemotherapy, six months, twelve months and eighteen months after chemotherapy. The correlation of chemothera- peutic effects between CTD and VAD were analyzed. Results： One hundred and seventy nine bone lesions were visualized by bone scintigraphy before CTD treatment. Eighteen months after CTD chemotherapy, it was observed by bone scintigraphy that 39/179 （21.78%） lesions disappeared, 112/179 （62.57%） improved, and 281179 （15.64%） had no change. One hundred and ninety one bone lesions were showed by bone imaging before VAD treatment, 361191 （18.84%） lesions disappeared, eighteen months after chemotherapy, 103/191 （53.92%） improved, and 52/191 （27.22%） had no change. The significant dif- ference was observed in locations of MM induced bone lesions treated with CTD （H = 8.23, P 〈 0.05） and VAD （H = 11.18, P 〈 0.05）. A significant chemotherapeutic sensitivity in detecting MM induced lesions in ribs was found compared with other bone lesions. The chemotherapeutic effect of CTD was statistically significant than that of VAD （U = 2.17, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Radionuclide whole-body bone imaging has great value in monitoring chemotherapeutic effects for MM.展开更多
Objective:To find out how to overcome resistance during multiple myeloma(MM) treatment through establishing a multidrug resistant human multiple myeloma cell line and investigating its biological features.Methods:The ...Objective:To find out how to overcome resistance during multiple myeloma(MM) treatment through establishing a multidrug resistant human multiple myeloma cell line and investigating its biological features.Methods:The parent cell line MOLP-2 was exposed to different concentrations of melphalan and a melphalan-resistant cell line MOLP-2/R was identified by continuous stepwise selection.The cell morphology and growth curves were examined.Protein levels of P-gp, MRP and FANCD2 monoubiquitination were checked by Western blotting.The IC50 of melphalan and resistance index(RI) were detected by MTT assay.Results:A melphalan-resistant cell line MOLP-2/R was finally identified.The RI of MOLP-2/R cells to melphalan was 6.03.Besides melphalan it was cross resistant to other chemotherapeutic agents, including ADM, CTX, DDP and VP-16.The multiplication time was postponed(P < 0.05).Studies showed that FANCD2 protein monoubiquitination was enhanced, but the levels of P-gp and MRP expressions in the MOLP-2/R cells were similar with the parent cells.Conclusion:MOLP-2/R cell line may serve as an ideal model for exploring the mechanism of MDR.Over-expression of FANCD2 protein monoubiquitination might contribute to acquired drug resistance in MOLP-2/R cell line.展开更多
Objective: This study was aimed to explore the expression of microRNA-32(miR-32) in multiple myeloma(MM), and study its association with β2-microglobulin and staging of MM by Durie-Salmon classification. Methods: The...Objective: This study was aimed to explore the expression of microRNA-32(miR-32) in multiple myeloma(MM), and study its association with β2-microglobulin and staging of MM by Durie-Salmon classification. Methods: The expression level of miR-32 in bone marrow mono-nuclear cells of MM were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction(real-time PCR), and the correlations between the expression level of miR-32 and related clinic pathologic features β2-microglobulin, staging of MM by Durie-Salmon classification were further analyzed. Results: The expression of miR-32 in MM patients was obviously higher than that in normal control(P < 0.05). The expression of miR-32 in relapsed/ refractory MM patients was obviously higher than that in newly diagnosed MM patients. The expression of miR-32 in MM patients decreased after chemical therapy than that before treatment, especially in effective group(P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant change in ineffective/progress group after chemical therapy(P > 0.05).The expression of miR-32 was associated to staging of MM and β2-microglobulin level. Conclusion: Expression level of miR-32 in MM patients is significantly higher than that in normal bone marrow, these data indicated that miR-32 may play an important role in the development of MM. High-regulated expression of miR-32 was associated with β2-microglobulin and staging of MM by Durie-Salmon classification.展开更多
文摘目的探讨DARA-Fab片段处理经抗CD38单克隆抗体雷达木(daratumumab,DARA)治疗后的多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)患者输血相容性检测方法的可行性,并通过对比二硫苏糖醇(Dithiothreitol,DTT)方法评估其输血疗效。方法将DARA使用PierceFab制备试剂盒制备成DARA-Fab片段后,确认不同体积(5、10、15、30μL)DARA-Fab片段对于抗筛细胞和抗体鉴定细胞的中和效果;DARA-Fab片段和明确相应抗原的抗筛细胞与对应的单抗试剂为试验组,以添加同体积的生理盐水为对照组孵育后离心;各选取20名经DARA治疗后的MM患者,分别使用DARA-Fab封闭RBC表面抗原和与DTT破坏红细胞表面抗原的方法来进行输血相容性检测,对其输血前后实验室指标进行统计分析,并比较2种配血方法。结果15、30μL DARA-Fab片段与抗筛细胞与混有DARA的血清孵育离心后结果为阴性,5、10μL DARA-Fab结果为阳性,15μL DARA-Fab处理抗体鉴定细胞(2、3、4、5、7、9、11)后为阴性,抗体鉴定细胞(1、6、8、10、12)经30μL DARA-Fab片段处理后,结果为阴性;添加DARA-Fab的实验组对MNS系统、Duffy、Kidd、Kell、Lewis、Rh血型系统和对照组结果一致;DARA-Fab片段这20名患者输注RBC后Hb(hemoglobin,Hb)(73.90±1.90)(g/L)比输血前(63.60±1.58)明显提高,统计学差异明显(P<0.01);患者总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBil)(μmol/L)(16.25±3.54 vs 17.87±3.57)、直接胆红素(direct bilirubin,DBIL)(μmol/L)(6.31±2.32 vs 7.10±2.80)和间接胆红素(Indirect Bilirubin,I-Bil)(9.94±1.38 vs 10.77±1.22)输注前后无明显差异,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。DTT处理方法与DARA-Fab片段封闭方法的输血前后Hb差值(10.75±1.04 vs 10.30±0.98)、TBil差值(3.31±1.47 vs 3.31±0.55)、DBIL差值(2.76±1.24 vs 2.60±0.83)和I-Bil差值(1.97±0.40 vs 2.82±0.53)无明显差异,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论DARA-Fab片段可通过封闭RBC表面CD38抗原,来去除DARA对红细胞输血相容性检测的干扰,这种封闭方法对于红细胞临床常见血型系统的抗原无影响,且通过这种配血方法实验室指标输血疗效明显,与DTT方法的输血疗效无差异。
文摘目的探讨根据国际骨髓瘤工作组(International Myeloma Working Group,IMWG)标准不同浆细胞病分型患者骨髓浆细胞数量及免疫表型的差异。方法回顾性分析2019年6月12日至2023年9月5日在复旦大学附属中山医院厦门医院诊治的浆细胞病患者血清学及骨髓流式结果。结果纳入102例浆细胞病患者,男性63例,女性39例,发病年龄22~85岁,其中意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白血症46例,冒烟型骨髓瘤5例,多发性骨髓瘤39例,轻链淀粉样变性12例。所有患者均伴有M蛋白,包含IgG型58例、非IgG型44例。所有患者骨髓均可检测到浆细胞,其中79例患者骨髓检测到异常浆细胞,63例患者骨髓检测到正常浆细胞,40例患者骨髓同时检测到正常及异常浆细胞。52例患者骨髓的异常浆细胞表达CD56,12例患者骨髓异常浆细胞表达CD117。不同疾病组间的性别、年龄差异无统计学意义。不同疾病组间的M蛋白类型及浓度、血清受累/非受累游离轻链、骨髓总浆细胞(包括正常及异常浆细胞)/有核细胞、骨髓异常浆细胞/有核细胞、骨髓异常浆细胞/骨髓总浆细胞、骨髓正常浆细胞/骨髓总浆细胞的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。不同疾病组中异常浆细胞CD56的表达存在统计学差异(P=0.009),而CD117的表达差异无统计学意义。结论轻链淀粉样变性患者骨髓克隆性浆细胞的比例、克隆性浆细胞/骨髓总浆细胞、异常浆细胞CD56表达比例与意义未明单克隆丙种球蛋白血症相仿,而与多发性骨髓瘤患者有显著差异。
文摘Objective This case-control study aimed to investigate whether diabetes mellitus(DM),hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and chronic viral hepatitis are risk factors for multiple myeloma(MM).Moreover,the clinical characteristics of MM patients with or without the abovementioned exposure factors were analyzed.Methods In total,340 MM patients and 680 patients with benign diseases who were hospitalized from January 2012 to December 2017 were classified under the case group and control group,respectively.Data about medical history of DM,hypertension,hyperlipidemia and chronic viral hepatitis were collected by reviewing medical records.Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to compare the history of DM,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and viral hepatitis between the two groups.Considering DM,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and chronic viral hepatitis as exposure factors,clinical characteristics,such as renal function and presence of fungal and other types of infections,between the exposed and nonexposed groups were analyzed.Results No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of DM,hypertension,and hyperlipidemia between the case and control groups.MM patients had a higher prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis than those with benign diseases.No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of renal dysfunction,fungal infection,and non-fungal infections in MM patients with or without DM,hypertension,and hyperlipidemia.MM patients with chronic viral hepatitis had a significantly higher prevalence of nonfungal infections during hospitalization than those without.Conclusion No significant association was noted between MM and DM,hypertension,and hyperlipidemia.Chronic viral hepatitis is correlated to a significantly higher risk of MM,and MM patients with chronic viral hepatitis were more susceptible to non-fungal infections during hospitalization.Although a non-significant trend was observed in this study,we believe that DM and hypertension might be associated with a higher risk of MM.Thus,large-scale studies must be conducted to validate the results of the current study.
文摘Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the clinic manifestation, diagnosis and treatment on multiple myeloma (MM) with the onset of renal impairment. Methods: The 27 cases of multiple myeloma with the onset of renal impair-ment were collected in Department of Nephrology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, China, from January 2007 to January 2011. All cases were divided into the groups with renal dysfunction (n = 16) and normal renal function (n = 11). The clinic manifestations, treatments and prognosis of all patients were analyzed. Results: Of all the patients in normal renal function group, 5 suffered nephrotic syndrome, 4 had abnormal results of routine urinalysis (hematuria or proteinuria) which were not caused by nephrotic syndrome, and 1 suffered urinary tract infection. Five pathological specimens of renal biopsy revealed that light chain protein, immunoglobulin and complement C3 were deposited mainly in the glomerular base-ment membrane and mesangia, tubular basement membrane and arteriolar walls. Two pathological specimens were proved to be renal amyloidosis. Patients with renal dysfunction had poorer prognosis, severer anemia, higher values of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), worse responses to chemotherapy. Of 16 patients with renal dysfunc-tion, 14 (87.5%) were stage III, which were significantly higher than that in the group of normal renal function [63.6% (7/11)]. Of 16 cases with renal dysfunction, 9 were treated with blood purification, and 5 of 9 cases were treated with plasma exchange. Conclusion: Multiple myeloma with the onset of renal impairment was easily misdiagnosed. Hemodialysis concomitant with chemotherapy could contribute to recovery of renal function.
文摘Objective： To investigate the value of radionuclide whole-body bone imaging on monitoring chemotherapeutic ~ffects for multiple myeloma （MM）. Methods： Sixty patients were included. Twenty nine cases received CTD （thalidomide 100-200 rag/d; cyclophosphamide 200-300 mg/m2od, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks; and dexamethasone 20-40 rag/d, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks）; Thirty cases received VAD （vincristine 0.4 mg/d, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks; adriamycin 10 mg/d, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks; dexamethasone 40 rag/d, 1-4 days, every 4 weeks）. Radionuclide bone imagings were performed in all patients before chemotherapy, six months, twelve months and eighteen months after chemotherapy. The correlation of chemothera- peutic effects between CTD and VAD were analyzed. Results： One hundred and seventy nine bone lesions were visualized by bone scintigraphy before CTD treatment. Eighteen months after CTD chemotherapy, it was observed by bone scintigraphy that 39/179 （21.78%） lesions disappeared, 112/179 （62.57%） improved, and 281179 （15.64%） had no change. One hundred and ninety one bone lesions were showed by bone imaging before VAD treatment, 361191 （18.84%） lesions disappeared, eighteen months after chemotherapy, 103/191 （53.92%） improved, and 52/191 （27.22%） had no change. The significant dif- ference was observed in locations of MM induced bone lesions treated with CTD （H = 8.23, P 〈 0.05） and VAD （H = 11.18, P 〈 0.05）. A significant chemotherapeutic sensitivity in detecting MM induced lesions in ribs was found compared with other bone lesions. The chemotherapeutic effect of CTD was statistically significant than that of VAD （U = 2.17, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Radionuclide whole-body bone imaging has great value in monitoring chemotherapeutic effects for MM.
文摘Objective:To find out how to overcome resistance during multiple myeloma(MM) treatment through establishing a multidrug resistant human multiple myeloma cell line and investigating its biological features.Methods:The parent cell line MOLP-2 was exposed to different concentrations of melphalan and a melphalan-resistant cell line MOLP-2/R was identified by continuous stepwise selection.The cell morphology and growth curves were examined.Protein levels of P-gp, MRP and FANCD2 monoubiquitination were checked by Western blotting.The IC50 of melphalan and resistance index(RI) were detected by MTT assay.Results:A melphalan-resistant cell line MOLP-2/R was finally identified.The RI of MOLP-2/R cells to melphalan was 6.03.Besides melphalan it was cross resistant to other chemotherapeutic agents, including ADM, CTX, DDP and VP-16.The multiplication time was postponed(P < 0.05).Studies showed that FANCD2 protein monoubiquitination was enhanced, but the levels of P-gp and MRP expressions in the MOLP-2/R cells were similar with the parent cells.Conclusion:MOLP-2/R cell line may serve as an ideal model for exploring the mechanism of MDR.Over-expression of FANCD2 protein monoubiquitination might contribute to acquired drug resistance in MOLP-2/R cell line.
基金Supported by grants from the Qingdao Public Sphere Support Program of Qingdao Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.2010KZJ-9)Qingdao Public Health Bureau(No.2012-WSZD042)
文摘Objective: This study was aimed to explore the expression of microRNA-32(miR-32) in multiple myeloma(MM), and study its association with β2-microglobulin and staging of MM by Durie-Salmon classification. Methods: The expression level of miR-32 in bone marrow mono-nuclear cells of MM were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction(real-time PCR), and the correlations between the expression level of miR-32 and related clinic pathologic features β2-microglobulin, staging of MM by Durie-Salmon classification were further analyzed. Results: The expression of miR-32 in MM patients was obviously higher than that in normal control(P < 0.05). The expression of miR-32 in relapsed/ refractory MM patients was obviously higher than that in newly diagnosed MM patients. The expression of miR-32 in MM patients decreased after chemical therapy than that before treatment, especially in effective group(P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant change in ineffective/progress group after chemical therapy(P > 0.05).The expression of miR-32 was associated to staging of MM and β2-microglobulin level. Conclusion: Expression level of miR-32 in MM patients is significantly higher than that in normal bone marrow, these data indicated that miR-32 may play an important role in the development of MM. High-regulated expression of miR-32 was associated with β2-microglobulin and staging of MM by Durie-Salmon classification.
