Screening of Substrate Formulas for Culture of Auricularia auricula Mycelia with Byproducts

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the source of substitutive substrate raw materials for cultivation of edible fungi,reduce the cutting and use of woody materials,and realize harmless treatment and resource utilization of byproducts from Chinese medicine production and bamboo processing.[Methods]Traditional Chinese medicine residue and bamboo shavings were used to partially replace hardwood sawdust in the conventional formula,and the growth of Auricularia auricula mycelia in large test tubes under different substrate formulas was studied.[Results]The results showed that the mycelia of A.auricula could grow normally on substrates with byproducts,and the mycelia grew differently with different formulas,and the performance of different strains of the same species was also different.Compared with the conventional formula,the suitable substitution amount of bamboo shavings for A.auricula strains was 10%-30%,and the substitution amount of Chinese medicine residue was 5%-15%.[Conclusions]This study provides reference for the efficient utilization of byproducts and the expansion of raw material sources for production of edible fungi.

Effects of Material Physical Properties on White-rot Fungi Mycelial Growth

[ Objective] The research aimed to study effects of material physical properties on white-rot fungi mycelial growth and provide theoretical basis for further expanding the application range of white-rot fungi. [ Method Four common species of white-rot fungi were cultivated by wood meal fowl dung mixture in test tube and culture dishes. The relationship between physical properties of culture material and the growth of these mycelials were studied. [Result] The results showed the water retention capacity of culture material was decreased with the increasing of its grain size and porosity, but the decrease of its specific gravity reduced the material water retention. And the dehydration rate of medium prepared with these materials at the same moisture conditions tended to increase. These physical properties of material, such as grain size, specific gravity, porosity, water retention and water drainage, influenced the growth of white-rot fungi mycelial by affecting the moisture and ventilation condition of media. The results hinted that above material physical properties had feedback effects on the growth of white-rot fungi mycelia. [ Conclution] Physical properties of culture material have significant effects on the growth of white-rot fungi mycelial.

Effect of Different Preservation Conditions on Mycelia Growth of Morcllhea conica

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of different short-term preservation conditions on mycelial growth of Morchella conica, and search for opti- mum preservation conditions. [Method] M. conica strains in tubes were preserved at two temperature treatments 10 ℃/5 ℃ （day/night） and 15℃/10 ℃（day/night） in scat- tered light or dark for 30 or 60 d. The strain preserved at 4 ℃ dark for 90 d was the control （CK）. So, a total of nine treatments were prepared in this study. [Result] Mycelial growth of M. conica preserved at 10 ℃/5 ℃ was better than that at 15 ℃/10 ℃ and control. The colony color and aerial hyphae of strains preserved in scattered light was also better than that in dark. Additionally, the preservation time showed no distinct effect on mycelial growth at 10 ℃/5 ℃. So the time could be lengthened. But the maximal preservation time was 60 d at 15 ℃/10 ℃. Therefore, preserved under the appropriate conditions of 10 ℃/5 ℃, scattered light for 30 d, the strain had the neat colony edge, moderate aerial mycelia, dense mycelia, lower sectoral variation, uniform mycelial growth rate and high dry weight of mycelia.

Efficient decolorization of dye-containing wastewater using mycelial pellets formed of marine-derived Aspergillus niger

In order to improve the efficient decolorization of dye-containing water by biosorbent and understand the biosorption mechanism, the self-immobilization mycelial pellets were prepared using a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus niger ZJUBE-1, and an azo dye, Congo red was chosen as a model dye to investigate batch decolorization efficiency by pellets. The pellets as biosorbent showed strong salt and acid tolerance in biosorption process. The results for dye adsorption showed that the biosorption process fitted well with models of pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 263.2 mg·g^(-1) mycelium. During 6 batches of continuous decolorization operation, the mycelial pellets could possess efficient decolorization abilities(>98.5%).The appearance of new peak in the UV–Vis spectral result indicated that the decolorization process may also contain biodegradation. The mechanism studies showed that efficient biosorption ability of pellets only relies on the active zone on the surface of the pellet, which can be enhanced by nutrition supplement or be shifted outward by a reculture process.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum virulence is affected by mycelial age via reduction in oxalate biosynthesis

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most devastating necrotrophic phytopathogens. Virulence of the hyphae of this fungus at different ages varies significantly. Molecular mechanisms underlying this functional distinction are largely unknown. In this study, we confirmed the effect of mycelial culture time/age on virulence in two host plants and elucidated its molecular and morphological basis. The virulence of the S. sclerotiorum mycelia in plants dramatically decreases along with the increase of the mycelial age. Three-day-old mycelia lost the virulence in plants. Comparative proteomics analyses revealed that metabolism pathways were comprehensively reprogrammed to suppress the oxalic acid（OA） accumulation in old mycelia. The oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase（OAH）, which catalyzes OA biosynthesis, was identified in the S. sclerotiorum genome. Both gene expression and protein accumulation of OAH in old mycelia were strongly repressed. Moreover, in planta OA accumulation was strikingly reduced in old mycelia-inoculated plants compared with young vegetative mycelia-inoculated plants. Furthermore, supply with 10 mmol L^（-1） OA enabled the old mycelia infect the host plants, demonstrating that loss of virulence of old mycelia is mainly caused by being unable to accumulate OA. Additionally, aerial mycelia started to develop from 0.5-day-old vegetative mycelia and dominated over 1-day-old mycelia grown on potato dextrose agar plates. They were much smaller in hypha diameter and grew significantly slower than young vegetative mycelia when subcultured, which did not maintain to progenies. Collectively, our results reveal that S. sclerotiorum aerial hyphae-dominant old mycelia fail to accumulate OA and thereby lose the virulence in host plants.

Mycelial Growth of <i>Paecilomyces hepiali</i>in Various Agar Media and Yield of Fruit Bodies in Rice Based Media

Growth of?Paecilomyces hepiali?in various agar media and yield of fruit bodies in rice based media were?studied. The best growth in agar media was obtained at 25℃?(61.86 mm colony diameter in 14 days). The initial agar media pH range?from?6 to 8 was found to be?the?most favourable for mycelial growth. This study found that agars made with powders of cereal grains alone do not support good mycelial growth of?P. hepiali. Addition of peptone improved mycelial growth significantly. The most favourable carbon sources were Mannose, Fructose and Glucose. Organic nitrogen sources were found to be?the?most preferred. The results demonstrated that brown rice is better than polished rice in yield of fruit bodies. Addition of peptone was found to be quite significant in enhancing yield of fruit bodies. Peptone, as a supplement, gave a better yield than addition of egg yolk, albumen and a mixture of the two. The medium with?40 g brown rice, 0.325 g glucose, 0.65 g sucrose, 2 g peptone and 65 ml corn steep liquor was found to be?the?most favourable and it yielded 19.3 g of fresh fruit bodies.

The Feasibility of Immobilization of Bioflocculant-producing Bacteria Using Mycelial Pellets as Biomass Carriers

Bioflocculant-producing bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens F2 and Bacillus sphaeicus F6 were immobilized onto mycelial pellets to investigate the bioflocculant-producing potential of this combined organism and the corresponding flocculating efficiency. The atomic force microscope ( AFM) images of mycelial surface indicate that the mycelia pellet can immobilize bioflocculant-producing bacteria F2 and F6 as a biomass carrier. The flocculating efficiency of bioflocculant produced by this combined organism was studied under the optimum flocculating conditions obtained by Response Surface Methodology ( RSM ) . The fermentation yield of the combined mycelial pellet is about 2. 6 g / L,which is higher than that of the free bacteria ( only 2. 2 g / L) . Flocculating efficiency of the combined mycelial pellet was comparable with that of bioflocculant generated by the free bacteria. The bioflocculant yield is enhanced and the flocculating efficiency of the co-culture is uninfluenced after immobilized with mycelial pellet as a carrier. In conclusion,the mycelial pellet is feasible as a biomass carrier for the immobilization of bioflocculant-producing bacteria.

Removal process and mechanism of hexavalent chromium by adsorption-coupled reduction with marine-derived Aspergillus niger mycelial pellets

In order to remove hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ))from solutions efficiently,the mycelial pellets with a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus niger as a biosorbent were prepared.The effects of removal process parameters such as solution pH,initial Cr(Ⅵ)concentration and biomass concentration on Cr(Ⅵ)removal process were investigated.The results showed that Cr(Ⅵ)removal rate up to 100%could be achieved under optimized conditions,which indicated the excellent Cr(Ⅵ)removal performance of the Aspergillus niger pellets.As a more important point,the Cr(Ⅵ)removal mechanism was studied,and the results revealed that Cr(Ⅵ)removal was achieved in the adsorption-coupled reduction process.A little of Cr(Ⅵ)was reduced to less toxic trivalent chromium(Cr(Ⅲ))in solution,while some was absorbed on the surface of mycelial pellets.Then they may be reduced on the surface or transferred into cells and then be reduced.The marine-derived A.niger mycelial pellets show properties of easy preparation and separation and cost effectiveness,which are potential biosorbent and reductant in the treatment of trace chromate containing wastewater.

Mycelial fermentation and medicinal properties of a valuable medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1

Cordyceps sinensis(Cs) or Dongchongxiacao in Chinese is a rare and precious medicinal mushroom.In this work,a Tolypocladium sp. fungus named Cs-HK1 was isolated from a natural Cs fruiting body,and its ultraviolet(UV),infrared(IR) and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) spectra all exhibited high degrees of matching to those of natural Cs,indicating the similarity of chemical composition. A crude polysaccharide(PS) fraction isolated from Cs-HK1 fungal mycelium showed significant antitumor activity,inhibiting melanoma tumor growth in mice. The PS-treated mice showed significantly higher serum interferon-γ(IFN-γ)level and higher proliferation rate of lymphocytes ex vivo than the control animals,suggestive of the immunomodulatory activity of the PS fraction. In cell cultures,the PS fraction caused a significant and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of two cancer cell lines,B16/neu mouse melanoma and MDA-MB-231human breast cancer cells,but not on normal spleen lymphocytes in vitro. Most of these bioactivities of the CsHK1 fungus were comparable to or even greater than those of natural Cs. The results showed that Cs-HK1 fungus may be a functional substitute for the natural Cs in health food and herbal medicine.

Fermentative Production of Mycelial Chitosan from Zygomycetes: Media Optimization and Physico-Chemical Characterization

The present study focused on production of mycelial chitosan from fungal mycelium by submerged fermentation with ecologically more balanced process. Different fungal strains were screened and Absidia butleri NCIM 977 was found to produce the highest mycelial chitosan. The one-factor-at-a-time method was adopted to investigate the effect of batch time, environmental factors (i.e. initial pH and temperature) and medium components (i.e. carbon and nitrogen) on the yield of mycelial chitosan. Among these variables, the optimal condition to increase in yield of mycelial chitosan was found to be batch time (72 h), pH (5.5), temperature (30°C), carbon source (glucose) and nitrogen source (tryptone and yeast extract). Subsequently, a three-level Box– Behnken factorial design was employed combining with response surface methodology (RSM) to maximise yield of mycelial chitosan by determining optimal concentrations and investigating the interactive effects of the most significant media components (i.e. carbon and nitrogen sources). The optimum value of parameters obtained through RSM was glucose (1.58%), tryptone (1.61%) and yeast extract (1.11%). There was an increase in mycelial chitosan yield after media optimization by one-factor-at-a-time and statistical analysis from 683 mg/L to 1 g/L. Mycelial chitosan was characterized for total glucosamine content (80.68%), degree of deacetylation (DD) (79.89%), molecular weight (8.07 × 104 Da) and, viscosity (73.22 ml/g). The results of this study demonstrated that fungi are promising alternative sources of chitosan with high DD and high purity.

Inhibitory Effects of Sixteen Fungicides on Mycelial Growth and Spore Germination of Monilinia fructicola

[Objective]The paper was to compare the indoor toxicities of sixteen fungicides on mycelial growth and spore germination of Monilinia fructicola,to screen out effective fungicides and to discuss use characteristics of various types of fungicides.[Method]The inhibitory activities of 16 fungicides on mycelial growth and spore germination were determined by mycelial growth rate method and spore germination method.[Result]The EC50 values of 16 fungicides against mycelial growth ranged from 0.0184 to 61.5305 mg/L.Prochloraz,tetramycin,fenbuconazole and fludioxonil had strong inhibitory activities on mycelial growth,and their EC50 values were 0.0184,0.0456,0.0531 and 0.0814 mg/L,respectively,significantly lower than those of other 12 fungicides.The EC50 values of 16 fungicides against spore germination ranged from 0.0084 to 189.3938 mg/L.Tetramycin and chlorothalonil had strong inhibitory activities on mycelial growth,and their EC50 values were 0.0084 and 0.0378 mg/L,respectively,significantly lower than those of other 14 fungicides.[Conclusion]The 16 fungicides had great value in preventing and controlling peach brown rot.Benzimidazoles,diformimides and ergosterol inhibitors had good inhibitory activities on mycelial growth.Strobilurins,succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors and multiple-site protective fungicides had good inhibitory activities on spore germination.The agricultural antibiotics tetramycin,phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and pyrrole fungicide fludioxonil had good inhibitory activities on mycelial growth and spore germination.

Interaction of a <i>Myrothecium verrucaria</i>Mycelial Preparation and a Glyphosate Product for Controlling Redvine (<i>Brunnichia ovata</i>) and Trumpet Creeper (<i>Campsis radicans</i>)

A mycelial formulation of the bioherbicidal fungus Myrothecium verrucaria (Alb. & Schwein.) Ditmar: Fr. (MV) was tested alone and in combination with a commercially available glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] (GLY) product for controlling the invasive vines, redvine [Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners], and trumpet creeper [Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau] in field experiments conducted near Stoneville, MS. Several application timing regimens were evaluated (Fall, Spring, Fall + Spring, and Spring + Fall). We found that a Fall + Spring application of MV + GLY controlled redvine and trumpet creeper by 95%, 12 days after the second treatment, through a synergistic interaction of the fungus and glyphosate. Disease symptomatology was characterized by rapid necrosis of leaf and stem tissues, with mortality occurring within 72 h. Neither glyphosate alone, nor MV alone, effectively controlled either weed species under any application timing regimen. No visual disease or herbicide damage occurred on glyphosate-resistant soybean plants in the treated test plots. These results suggest that some formulations of glyphosate, mixed with the bioherbicide MV, can effectively control redvine and trumpet creeper, two of the most troublesome weeds in the row crops of the Mississippi Delta region in the mid-southern U.S.

Effect of Culture Parameters on the Growth of Sparassis crispa Mycelium

The effect of carbon and nitrogen sources, pH, temperature and substrate water content on the growth and vigor of Sparassis crispa mycelium was evaluated. Mycelial growth rates were highest when rice starch served as the carbon source and when peptone, yeast extract or soybean meal were adopted as the nitrogen source. The optimum pH and substrate water content values were 5.25 and 62.5% respectively. Mycelial growth was optimal at 20.2 ℃ and inhibited at 35 ℃, and temperatures of 40 ℃ and above killed the fungus.

Properties and characterization of Au^(3+)-adsorption by mycelial waste of Streptomyces aureofaciences

Mycelial waste of Streptomyces aureofaciences procured from the aureomycin fermentation industry is used as biosorbent for Au3+. The properties of Au3+ adsorption by the mycelial waste are studied. The results indicate that the optimum pH value of Au3+ adsorption is 3.5. The biosorption is a rapid and non-temperature-dependent process. The bio-sorptive capacity with 45.6 mg/g and efficiency with 91.2% are achieved under the conditions of pH 3.5 and 30℃ for 45 min, in which the ratio is 50 mg/g dry weight for the concentrations of initial Au3+ and the mycelial waste. The Au3+ ions adsorbed on the mycelial waste can be eluted. The observation in a transmission electron microscope shows that the Au3+ ions can be reduced to Au particles by the mycelial waste and the Au can become gold crystals with differentforms and sizes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis further proves that the Au3+ can be reduced to Au0 by the mycelial waste.

Effect of aeration rate on composting of penicillin mycelial dreg

Pilot scale experiments with forced aeration were conducted to estimate effects of aeration rates on the performance of composting penicillin mycelial dreg using sewage sludge as inoculation. Three aeration rates of 0.15, 0.50 and 0.90 L/（min·kg） organic matter（OM） were examined. The principal physicochemical parameters were monitored during the 32 day composting period. Results showed that the higher aeration rate of 0.90 L/（min·kg） did not corresponded to a longer thermophilic duration and higher rates of OM degradation;but the lower aeration rate of 0.15 L/（min·kg） did induce an accumulation of NH＋4-N contents due to the inhibition of nitrification. On the other hand, aeration rate has little effect on degradation of penicillin. The results show that the longest phase of thermophilic temperatures ≥ 55°C, the maximum NO-3-N content and seed germination, and the minimum C/N ratio were obtained with 0.50 L/（min·kg） OM. Therefore, aeration rates of0.50 L/（min·kg） OM can be recommended for composting penicillin mycelial dreg.

Anti-Obesity and Anti-Hyperlipidemia Effects of Antrodia cinnamomea Mycelial Extract in High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice

This study investigated hypolipidemic,weight-reducing,and hepatoprotective effects of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelial extract obtained from solid-state culture(ACME)in an HFr D-induced obese/hyperlipidemic mouse model.Following 4-week ACME treatment,body weight,epididymal fat index,and some serum biochemical indices were measured.Expression levels of some related genes involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism were analyzed by q RT-PCR.Moreover,histological studies of hepatic tissues were also conducted.After ACME treatment,body weight and epididymal fat index were significantly lower than that in model control group.ACME and simvastatin significantly reduced serum total cholesterol(T-CHO)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels,and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)level.Subsequent experiments showed that:(i)ACME regulated transcriptional expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Co A reductase(HMGR),low-density lipoprotein receptor(LDLR),adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL),and fatty acid synthase(FAS),with consequent reduction of blood lipid levels and body weight;(ii)ACME enhanced total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity in hepatic tissues;(iii)ACME reduced malondialdehyde(MDA)level and ameliorated lipid oxidative damage in liver.Our findings indicate that ACME is a strong candidate for development as a novel anti-hyperlipidemia and anti-obesity health product.

无机盐、维生素及生长调节剂对卵孢长根菇菌丝的影响

以卵孢长根菇菌株“Chang-202001”为供试菌株,采用平板培养法,在培养基中加入不同种类和质量浓度的无机盐、维生素和生长调节剂,研究了不同无机盐、维生素和生长调节剂对卵孢长根菇菌丝生长的影响,以期为高质量卵孢长根菇菌种的生产提供参考依据。结果表明:供试无机盐中,适量浓度的磷酸二氢钾、硫酸镁对卵孢长根菇菌丝生长有促进作用,而氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化钙、硫酸锌、硫酸锰、硫酸铜抑制卵孢长根菇菌丝的生长。当磷酸二氢钾质量浓度为2.0 g·L^(-1)时,卵孢长根菇菌丝生长速率最大,为5.06 mm·d^(-1)。供试维生素(维生素B1、维生素B_(2)、维生素B6、维生素C、叶酸和烟酸)在一定范围内均促进卵孢长根菇菌丝的生长,其中当烟酸质量浓度为4 mg·L^(-1)时,卵孢长根菇菌丝生长速率最大,为6.97 mm·d^(-1)。供试生长调节剂中,6-BA、2,4-D、GA_(3)抑制卵孢长根菇菌丝的生长,适量浓度的NAA促进卵孢长根菇菌丝的生长,当NAA浓度为1.0 mg·L^(-1)时,卵孢长根菇菌丝生长速率最大,为5.41 mm·d^(-1)。

落叶型棉花黄萎病的生物学特征及药剂防治分析

【目的】比较研究新疆昌吉市和沙湾市落叶型棉花黄萎病病原菌的生物学特性,分析的多菌灵、乙蒜素、唑酮乙蒜素、枯草芽孢杆菌和哈茨木霉菌5种农药对棉花黄萎病的防治效果,筛选出高效的药剂用于指导棉花病害防治。【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法,通过不同离子、pH值、碳源及温度生长的适应,分析各病原菌的主要生物学特性,并对5种农药进行室内毒力测定。【结果】昌吉市和沙湾市各病原菌生长最适温度为20~25℃,最适离子培养基为Ca^(2+),最适pH值5~7,最适碳源是蔗糖。5种供试药剂均对各病原菌具有明显的抑制效果。多菌灵、枯草芽孢杆菌、哈茨木霉菌对病原菌的抑制作用极强,昌吉市多菌灵、枯草芽孢杆菌、哈茨木霉菌其抑制中浓度EC_(50)值仅分别为0.2923~0.8193μg/mL、0.01661~0.02695μg/mL和0.1015~0.8846μg/mL,沙湾市EC_(50)值分别为0.3588~5.694μg/mL、1.813×10^(-2)~2.727×10^(-2)μg/mL和0.1810~0.6088μg/mL;而乙蒜素、唑酮乙蒜素对病原菌的防效最差,其EC_(50)在昌吉市分别高达71.04、111.6μg/mL,沙湾市分别为79.22、171.7μg/mL。【结论】昌吉市、沙湾市的各病原菌最适生长的温度为25℃,含Ca^(2+)培养基为最适离子培养基。各病原菌在pH值5~7时生长速率最快,最适生长环境为酸性环境,对偏碱性环境也有较好的耐受性。微菌核在偏碱性的环境下更易形成,在以蔗糖为碳源的培养基上的生长速率最快。多菌灵、枯草芽孢杆菌、哈茨木霉菌对棉花黄萎病菌有强抑菌作用,可在昌吉市和沙湾市用于防治棉花黄萎病。

植物生长剂对高温胁迫后黑木耳菌丝生长的影响

以黑木耳品种‘89-1’为试材,在40℃高温胁条件下,测定添加FA、NAA、6-BA、GA和IAA植物生长剂不同培养基的黑木耳菌丝长势和生长速度,研究了5种植物生长剂对高温胁迫后黑木耳菌丝生长及显微结构的影响,以期为黑木耳品种选育和生产实践提供参考依据。结果表明:不同植物生长剂对黑木耳菌丝长势和生长速度均有一定的影响,其中添加了GA的培养基,在25℃和40℃高温培养环境下,对黑木耳菌丝生长均有促进作用,当浓度配比为15×10^(-7)mg·mL^(-1)时,对高温胁迫后的黑木耳菌丝修复效果最佳。

不同药剂与施药时期对辣椒炭疽病防治效果的影响

【目的】探明贵州辣椒炭疽病的适宜防治药剂和防治时期,为辣椒炭疽病化学防控提供依据。【方法】选取已登记的15种辣椒炭疽病防治药剂单剂(25%咪鲜胺EC、80%波尔多液WP、50%肟菌酯WG、22.7%二氰蒽醌SC、70%代森锰锌WP、40%百菌清SC、30%琥胶肥酸铜WP、80%克菌丹WG、22.5%啶氧菌酯SC、85%三氯异氰尿酸SPX、40%苯醚甲环唑SC、500 g/L氟啶胺SC、50%咪鲜胺锰盐WP、250 g/L嘧菌酯SC和25%吡唑醚菌酯SC)和1个混剂(40%苯甲•吡唑酯SC)为药剂处理,选取贵州辣椒炭疽病的3个主要致病菌菌株(C.scovillei GL 17-25、C.gloeosporioides GL 17-42和C.fructicola GL 17-147)为防治对象,采用菌丝生长抑制法和离体果实接种法对药剂进行初筛,通过田间试验进一步验证适宜的药剂和防治时期。【结果】25%咪鲜胺EC、50%咪鲜胺锰盐WP、70%代森锰锌WP对3种辣椒炭疽病菌的菌丝生长抑制率均为100.00%;离体果实接种试验表明,除70%代森锰锌WP外,各药剂的平均预防效果均高于治疗效果,25%咪鲜胺EC对3个菌株的预防和治疗效果最好,平均值分别为72.48%和60.01%,其次为25%吡唑醚菌酯SC(43.53%和30.36%)。相比发病中期用药,发病初期用药的病情指数低、防效高,25%吡唑醚菌酯SC和40%苯甲•吡唑酯SC的防效显著(P<0.05)高于25%咪鲜胺EC,前两者发病初期用药的防效分别为86.99%和88.59%,发病中期用药防效分别为50.87%和45.48%。【结论】25%吡唑醚菌酯SC和40%苯甲•吡唑酯SC能有效防治辣椒炭疽病,防治时期以发病初期为佳。