【目的】短柄枹栎作为中国南方重要的森林树种之一,近年来受人为活动影响物种退缩严重,对该物种居群的遗传多样性、遗传结构以及遗传结构与地理分布的相关性进行研究,以对短柄抱栋提出相关的保护策略。【方法】共采集到24个短柄抱栋居...【目的】短柄枹栎作为中国南方重要的森林树种之一,近年来受人为活动影响物种退缩严重,对该物种居群的遗传多样性、遗传结构以及遗传结构与地理分布的相关性进行研究,以对短柄抱栋提出相关的保护策略。【方法】共采集到24个短柄抱栋居群共计398个个体样本覆盖短柄抱栋现今的分布范围。采用8对变异丰富的核微卫星(nSSR)分子标记统计短柄抱栋各个居群的遗传多样性,使用分子方差分析(AMOVA)计算物种的遗传差异,并采用STRUCTURE和Alleles In Space软件分析物种整体的遗传结构探讨短柄抱栋遗传结构与其地理环境的关系【结果】短柄抱栋居群具有丰富的遗传多样性平均期望杂合度H_e=0.43,平均观测杂合度H_0=0.28平均等位基因数Na=3.67,平均有效等位基因数Ne=1.96,平均Shannon指数I=0.66,多态位点百分率PPL=82.81%;短柄抱栋的遗传差异主要存在于居群内部(FST=0.22,P<0.001),不同居群的遗传多样性存在差异。基于贝叶斯的聚类分析(STRUCTURE)将短柄抱栋居群划分为东部和西部2组,居群之间存在基因交流(N_m=1.88)。东部群组和西部群组之间存在较大的遗传分化(FST=0.25,P<0.001),而东、西群组内部居群之间的遗传差异则相对较小。居群景观遗传分析(AIS)显示东部与西部群组之间较大的遗传差异,这一结果与聚类分析(STRUCTURE)的结果一致;居群间遗传距离和地理距离没有显著的相关性(R^2=0.011,P=007)。【结论】基于核SSR标记的遗传多样性研究显示短柄抱栋具有丰富的遗传多样性这一特性与其复杂的种群动态历史、风媒传粉的生物学特性及所处的生活环境相关短柄抱栋东部和西部分布的居群之间存在较大的遗传分化,西部居群之间也有较大的遗传差异。短柄抱栋现今的遗传结构可能源于该物种自然生境的异质性(如:西部地区山脉较多;东部地区海拔较低她势较为平缓;中部地区平缓的地势所产生的地理隔离)以及近期人类活动引起的生境片段化。本研究从整体水平上揭示了短柄抱栋的遗传多样性及遗传结构特征为该物种的遗传保护提供理论依据。展开更多
Acer mono Maxim. is one of the major components of cool temperate forests in Japan. Some of its many varieties are distributed sympatrically. Because of its great variability, the intraspecific taxonomy and nomenclatu...Acer mono Maxim. is one of the major components of cool temperate forests in Japan. Some of its many varieties are distributed sympatrically. Because of its great variability, the intraspecific taxonomy and nomenclature of the species are controversial. To understand the genetic relationships among these varieties and whether hybridization or introgression occurred among the sympatric varieties, we studied the genetic relationships among sympatric varieties of A. mono in the Chichibu Mountains (A. mono var. ambiguum, A. mono var. connivens, A. mono var. marmoratum) and Central Hokkaido (A. mono var. mayrii and A. mono var. glabrum) in Japan. Our results showed that varieties in Chichibu are genetically close, suggesting that hybridization or introgression might occur between these varieties, which could explain the higher genetic diversity of varieties in Chichibu than in Hokkaido. In contrast to the close relationships between the varieties in Chichibu, varieties in Hokkaido seemed relatively separated from each other; indeed, there may be reproductive isolation between the two varieties. The results provide new insight for the taxonomy of the varieties of A. mono, especially the sympatric varieties, in Japan.展开更多
文摘【目的】短柄枹栎作为中国南方重要的森林树种之一,近年来受人为活动影响物种退缩严重,对该物种居群的遗传多样性、遗传结构以及遗传结构与地理分布的相关性进行研究,以对短柄抱栋提出相关的保护策略。【方法】共采集到24个短柄抱栋居群共计398个个体样本覆盖短柄抱栋现今的分布范围。采用8对变异丰富的核微卫星(nSSR)分子标记统计短柄抱栋各个居群的遗传多样性,使用分子方差分析(AMOVA)计算物种的遗传差异,并采用STRUCTURE和Alleles In Space软件分析物种整体的遗传结构探讨短柄抱栋遗传结构与其地理环境的关系【结果】短柄抱栋居群具有丰富的遗传多样性平均期望杂合度H_e=0.43,平均观测杂合度H_0=0.28平均等位基因数Na=3.67,平均有效等位基因数Ne=1.96,平均Shannon指数I=0.66,多态位点百分率PPL=82.81%;短柄抱栋的遗传差异主要存在于居群内部(FST=0.22,P<0.001),不同居群的遗传多样性存在差异。基于贝叶斯的聚类分析(STRUCTURE)将短柄抱栋居群划分为东部和西部2组,居群之间存在基因交流(N_m=1.88)。东部群组和西部群组之间存在较大的遗传分化(FST=0.25,P<0.001),而东、西群组内部居群之间的遗传差异则相对较小。居群景观遗传分析(AIS)显示东部与西部群组之间较大的遗传差异,这一结果与聚类分析(STRUCTURE)的结果一致;居群间遗传距离和地理距离没有显著的相关性(R^2=0.011,P=007)。【结论】基于核SSR标记的遗传多样性研究显示短柄抱栋具有丰富的遗传多样性这一特性与其复杂的种群动态历史、风媒传粉的生物学特性及所处的生活环境相关短柄抱栋东部和西部分布的居群之间存在较大的遗传分化,西部居群之间也有较大的遗传差异。短柄抱栋现今的遗传结构可能源于该物种自然生境的异质性(如:西部地区山脉较多;东部地区海拔较低她势较为平缓;中部地区平缓的地势所产生的地理隔离)以及近期人类活动引起的生境片段化。本研究从整体水平上揭示了短柄抱栋的遗传多样性及遗传结构特征为该物种的遗传保护提供理论依据。
基金supported by National Postdoctoral Daily Fund of China and Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(LBHZ13007)
文摘Acer mono Maxim. is one of the major components of cool temperate forests in Japan. Some of its many varieties are distributed sympatrically. Because of its great variability, the intraspecific taxonomy and nomenclature of the species are controversial. To understand the genetic relationships among these varieties and whether hybridization or introgression occurred among the sympatric varieties, we studied the genetic relationships among sympatric varieties of A. mono in the Chichibu Mountains (A. mono var. ambiguum, A. mono var. connivens, A. mono var. marmoratum) and Central Hokkaido (A. mono var. mayrii and A. mono var. glabrum) in Japan. Our results showed that varieties in Chichibu are genetically close, suggesting that hybridization or introgression might occur between these varieties, which could explain the higher genetic diversity of varieties in Chichibu than in Hokkaido. In contrast to the close relationships between the varieties in Chichibu, varieties in Hokkaido seemed relatively separated from each other; indeed, there may be reproductive isolation between the two varieties. The results provide new insight for the taxonomy of the varieties of A. mono, especially the sympatric varieties, in Japan.