Novel water-based nanolubricant with superior tribological performance in hot steel rolling

Novel water-based nanolubricants using TiO2 nanoparticles(NPs)were synthesised by adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)and glycerol,which exhibited excellent dispersion stability and wettability.The tribological performance of the synthesised nanolubricants was investigated using an Rtec ball-on-disk tribometer,and their application in hot steel rolling was evaluated on a 2-high Hille 100 experimental rolling mill,in comparison to those without SDBS.The water-based nanolubricant containing 4 wt%TiO2 and 0.4 wt%SDBS demonstrated superior tribological performance by decreasing coefficient of friction and ball wear up to 70.5%and 84.3%,respectively,compared to those of pure water.In addition to the lubrication effect,the suspensions also had significant effect on polishing of the work roll surface.The resultant surface improvement thus enabled the decrease in rolling force up to 8.3%under a workpiece reduction of 30%at a rolling temperature of 850◦C.The lubrication mechanisms were primarily ascribed to the formation of lubricating film and ball-bearing effect of the TiO2 NPs.

Novel Analytical Thermal Performance Rate Analysis in ZnO-SAE50 Nanolubricant: Nonlinear Mathematical Model

The investigation of local thermal transport rate in the nanolubricants is significant.These lubricants are broadly used in environmental pollution,mechanical engineering and in the paint industry due to high thermal performance rate.Therefore,thermal transport in ZnO-SAE50 nanolubricant under the impacts of heat generation/absorption is conducted.The colloidal suspension is flowing between parallel stretching disks in which the lower disk is positioned at z=0 and upper disk apart from distance d.The problem is transformed in dimensionless version via described similarity transforms.In the next stage,an analytical technique(VPM)is implemented for the solution purpose.The graphical results against multiple flow parameters were furnished over the region of interest and explained comprehensively.It is imperative to mention that the results are plotted for ZnO-SAE50 and conventional liquid as well.Further,rapid motion of the fluid is perceived against high Reynolds andγparameters.The wall shear stresses at the upper end rises for multiple Reynolds andγwhile;decrement is detected at the lower end.The significant contribution of an internal heat source is noted for thermal performance rate at the upper end.Foremost,the local heat transport rate declines at the lower disk.By altering Reynolds number,prompt heat transfer rate is gained at the upper disk and increasing behavior of the local heat transport rate is slow at the lower disk.From the study,it is concluded that the nanolubricants have high thermal characteristics.Therefore,such fluids are reliable to use in above stated areas.

Anti-wear properties evaluation of frictional sliding interfaces in automobile engines lubricated by copper/graphene nanolubricants

Owing to the significance of improving fuel economy, reducing emissions, and extending the durability of engine components, this study focused on the tribological performance of nano-additives. In this study, copper (Cu) and graphene (Gr) nanomaterials were dispersed in a fully formulated engine oil (5W-30) with different concentrations. The tribological trials were investigated under various speeds and loads, utilizing a reciprocating tribometer to mimic the ring/liner interfaces in the engine. The frictional surface morphologies were com-prehensively analyzed using electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and three dimensional (3D) surface profilometry to explore the mechanisms responsible for improving the tribological performance of the frictional sliding parts in the engine. The tribological test results illustrated that lubrication by nano-additives reduced the wear rate (WR) and friction coefficient (COF) by 25%–30% and 26.5%–32.6%, respectively, as compared with 5W-30. The results showed that this is a promising approach for increasing the durability and lifespan of frictional sliding components and fuel economy in automobile engines.

Nanolubricant additives: A review

Using nanoadditives in lubricants is one of the most effective ways to control friction and wear,which is of great significance for energy conservation,emission reduction,and environmental protection.With the scientific and technological development,great advances have been made in nanolubricant additives in the scientific research and industrial applications.This review summarizes the categories of nanolubricant additives and illustrates the tribological properties of these additives.Based on the component elements of nanomaterials,nanolubricant additives can be divided into three types:nanometal-based,nanocarbon-based,and nanocomposite-based additives.The dispersion stabilities of additives in lubricants are also discussed in the review systematically.Various affecting factors and effective dispersion methods have been investigated in detail.Moreover,the review summarizes the lubrication mechanisms of nanolubricant additives including tribofilm formation,micro-bearing effect,self-repair performance,and synergistic effect.In addition,the challenges and prospects of nanolubricant additives are proposed,which guides the design and synthesis of novel additives with significant lubrication and antiwear properties in the future.

Research on Applying Nano Cutting Oils in Spur Gear Hobbing Process

Nanolubricant mixing the normal lubricant with nanoparticles, gradually becomes a new trend study for metal cutting enhancement. An addition of the nanoparticles improves lubricating properties and convective heat transfer coefficient (cooling properties) of nanolubricants. In the present work, nanolubricant is formulated by using dispersions of 0.3% Al2O3 nanoparticles in normal industrial oil VG46 for enhancement of gear machining performance of SCM420 steel. Comparative study of flank wear, crater wear and gear profile error in gear hobbing with normal oils in the existing production line as well as nanolubricant is studied. This study clearly reveals that tool wear, and gear profile error are reduced by the use of nanolubricant compared to that of normal oils. The paper results not only contribute the deeper understanding of the novel performance of nanoparticles in conventional cutting fluids, but also show a very promising solution to achieve the engineering economy effectiveness in gear machining.

Review of tribological properties of nanoparticle-based lubricants and their hybrids and composites

Due to their encouraging results,nanolubricants have been revolutionary in the field of lubrication.The degree,to which the new material may improve the tribology,energy savings,and durability,is a crucial consideration for any new additive to a conventional lubricant.The results of the earlier research on carbon,metal,metal oxide,and their composites and hybrid nanolubricants as well as their effects on tribology,are summarized in this review paper.The most popular measuring methodologies,the tribology results for lubricants with an oil base,biodegradable base,and a water base,as well as the reasons that explain these tribological advancements,are all included in this study.Finally,prospects for more study in this area are emphasized.

Metal-containing nanomaterials as lubricant additives: State-of-the-art and future development

This review focuses on the effect of metal-containing nanomaterials on tribological performance in oil lubrication. The basic data on nanolubricants based on nanoparticles of metals, metal oxides, metal sulfides, nanocomposities, and rare-earth compounds are generalized. The influence of nanoparticle size, morphology, surface functionalization, and concentration on friction and wear is analyzed. The lubrication mechanisms of nanolubricants are discussed. The problems and prospects for the development of metal-containing nanomaterials as lubricant additives are considered. The bibliography includes articles published during the last five years.

Influence of alumina/MWCNT hybrid nanoparticle additives on tribological properties of lubricants in turning operations

A hybrid lubricant with improved thermal and tribological properties was developed by blending multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) with alumina-based nanoparticles into cutting fluid at fixed volumetric proportions(10:90). The hybrid cutting fluid was prepared in different volumetric concentrations(0.25, 0.75, and 1.25 vol%), and the tribological properties and contact angles were measured using pin-on-disc tribometry and goniometry, respectively. The study showed a reduction in wear and friction coefficient with increasing nanoparticle concentration. The cutting fluid performance was investigated using minimum quantity lubrication(MQL) in the turning of AISI 304 stainless steel. Regression models were developed for measuring the temperature and tool flank wear in terms of cutting speed, feed, depth of the cut, and nanoparticle concentration using response surface methodology. The developed hybrid nanolubricants significantly reduced the tool flank wear and nodal temperature by 11% and 27.36%, respectively, as compared to alumina-based lubricants.