Jiu Ai Tu(The Moxa Treatment)from the Song dynasty is the earliest surviving painting that focuses on the subject of acupuncture and moxibustion.This paper takes the medical activities depicted in the artwork as its r...Jiu Ai Tu(The Moxa Treatment)from the Song dynasty is the earliest surviving painting that focuses on the subject of acupuncture and moxibustion.This paper takes the medical activities depicted in the artwork as its research object and systematically analyzes the external treatment methods for abscesses during the Song dynasty reflected in Jiu Ai Tu.By examining the understanding of abscesses during that period,the paper explores the level of development in external medicine techniques.By analyzing the medical awareness and behaviors of patients when facing such severe illnesses,it aims to explore the societal cognition and experiences regarding health and disease.The paper attempts to present the folk medical ecology of the Song dynasty represented by Jiu Ai Tu.展开更多
Polychlorinated naphthalene （PCNs） have similar structure and toxicity with dioxin class （PCDD/Fs）, it can be detected in the global environmental and biological samples. This paper introduces the main sources of ...Polychlorinated naphthalene （PCNs） have similar structure and toxicity with dioxin class （PCDD/Fs）, it can be detected in the global environmental and biological samples. This paper introduces the main sources of PCNs in the environment and environmental fate, introduced emphasis with the emission characteristics of PCNs in burning and metal smelting process, this article summarized the current PCNs city environmental and biotic pollution level and distribution characteristics, summarized and discussed related research of PCNs pollution level and distribution characteristics near the various environmental media and organisms in the city. Finally, the paper put forward the research progress of PCNs in related research areas and challenges.展开更多
Adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the sorption behaviors of naphthalene and phenanthrene in six different soils and to determine the effects of temperature, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate （LAS） a...Adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the sorption behaviors of naphthalene and phenanthrene in six different soils and to determine the effects of temperature, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate （LAS） and cetylrimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB） on sorption. The results show that for a given sorbent phenanthrene exhibited greater nonlinear and stronger sorption than naphthalene. There was a strong negative correlation for the Koc values with organic carbon content （foc）. The increase of temperature was not favorable to sorption. Sorption decreased along with the increasing aqueous LAS concentration from 0 to 1000 mg/L. At low CTAB concentration （〈 100 mg/L）, the adsorption increased as CTAB hemimicelles formed on the soil surface. At high concentration, CTAB decreased the adsorption by occupying active hydrophobic adsorption sites and solubilization of naphthalene and phenanthrene.展开更多
The novel dicyanate ester resin containing naphthalene unit (DNCY) was synthesized, and characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and elemental analysis (EA). The thermal properties of DNCY resin was studied by thermal...The novel dicyanate ester resin containing naphthalene unit (DNCY) was synthesized, and characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and elemental analysis (EA). The thermal properties of DNCY resin was studied by thermal degradation analysis at a heating rate of 10 C /min-1 in N2 and air. The DNCY resin exhibited better thermal and thermal-oxidative stability than bisphenol A dicyanate (BACY) resin.展开更多
The reaction of naphthalene with oxalyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 was investigated. The homolog of dinaphthyl methanone can be obtained mainly from this reaction. Naphthalene conversion does not have...The reaction of naphthalene with oxalyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 was investigated. The homolog of dinaphthyl methanone can be obtained mainly from this reaction. Naphthalene conversion does not have evident correlation with the amount of AlCl3. The results show that the reaction proceeds via carbon cation electrophilic substitution reaction-free radical substitution reaction pathway.展开更多
Condensates and light oils are generally characterized by high maturity, low concentration of sterane and terpane biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. As a result, some commonly-used sterane, terpan...Condensates and light oils are generally characterized by high maturity, low concentration of sterane and terpane biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. As a result, some commonly-used sterane, terpane and carbazole migration parameters in conventional oil reservoirs may have a certain limitation in condensate and light oil reservoirs for their poor signal-noise ratios in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Naphthalene, phenanthrene and their methylated substituents, however, are present in significant concentrations in condensates and light oils. Taking the Fushan depression （in the Beibuwan Basin, Northern South China Sea） as an example, this paper attempts for the first time to use polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH）-related parameters to trace migration directions and filling pathways for condensate and light oil reservoirs. The result shows that TMNr （i.e. 1, 3, 7-TMN/（1, 3, 7-TMN ＋ 1, 2, 5-TMN）, TMN： trimethylnaphthalene））, MPI-1 （i.e. 1.5×（2-MP ＋ 3-MP）/（P ＋ 1-MP ＋ 9-MP）, P： phenanthrene MP： methyiphenanthrene）, MN/DMN （∑methylnaphthalene/∑dimethylnaphthalene, %） and MN/TMN （∑nethylnaphthalene/∑trimethylna- phthalene, %） can be used to trace the filling pathways of condensate and light oil reservoirs. These parameters, together with geological consideration and other bulk oil properties （e.g. the gas to oil ratio and density）, suggest that the condensates and light oils in the Huachang oil and gas field are mainly sourced from the Bailian sag that is located to the northeast of the Huachang uplift in the Fushan depression.展开更多
Three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field（3D-HoVAIF） is used to describe the chemical structures of polychlorinated naphthalenes（PCNs）.After variable screening by stepwise multiple regressio...Three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field（3D-HoVAIF） is used to describe the chemical structures of polychlorinated naphthalenes（PCNs）.After variable screening by stepwise multiple regression（SMR） technique,the liner relationships between gas-chromatographic relative retention time（RRT）,298 K supercooled liquid pressures（logPL）,n-octanol/air partition coefficient（logKOA）,n-octanol/water partition coefficient（logKOW）,aqueous solubilities（logSW）,relative in vitro potency values（-logEROD） of PCNs and 3D-HoVAIF descriptors have been established by partial least-square（PLS） regression.The result shows that the 3D-HoVAIF descriptors can be well used to express the quantitative structure-property（activity） relationships of PCNs.Predictive capability of the models has also been demonstrated by leave-one-out cross-validation.Moreover,the predicted values have been presented for those PCNs which are lack of experimentally physico-chemical properties and biological activity by the optimum models.展开更多
A molecular electronegativity distance vector based on 13 atomic types (MEDV-13) is used to describe the structures of 62 polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) congeners and related to the gas chromatographic relative ret...A molecular electronegativity distance vector based on 13 atomic types (MEDV-13) is used to describe the structures of 62 polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) congeners and related to the gas chromatographic relative retention indices (RIs) of PCNs. Using multiple linear regression, a 4-variable quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) with the correlation coefficient of estimations (r) being 0.9912 and the root mean square error of estimations (RMSEE) being 31.4 and the correlation coefficient of predictions (q) and the root mean square error of predictions (RMSEP) in the leave-one-out procedure are 0.9898 and 33.76, respectively.展开更多
Nanodiamonds have outstanding mechanical properties,chemical inertness,and biocompatibility,which give them potential in various applications.Current methods for preparing nanodiamonds often lead to products with impu...Nanodiamonds have outstanding mechanical properties,chemical inertness,and biocompatibility,which give them potential in various applications.Current methods for preparing nanodiamonds often lead to products with impurities and uneven morphologies.We report a two-step high-pressure high-temperature(HPHT) method to synthesize nanodiamonds using naphthalene as the precursor without metal catalysts.The grain size of the diamonds decreases with increasing carbonization time(at constant pressure and temperature of 11.5 GPa and 700℃,respectively).This is discussed in terms of the different crystallinities of the carbon intermediates.The probability of secondary anvil cracking during the HPHT process is also reduced.These results indicate that the two-step method is efficient for synthesizing nanodiamonds,and that it is applicable to other organic precursors.展开更多
Based on the linearity of the heat transfer coefficient and dimensionless temperature ratio, and analogy between heat and mass transfer, an experimental study on film cooling characteristic was carried out with a nove...Based on the linearity of the heat transfer coefficient and dimensionless temperature ratio, and analogy between heat and mass transfer, an experimental study on film cooling characteristic was carried out with a novel naphthalene sublimation. In general, cooling effectiveness distributions have been obtained on adiabatic surface, but separate testing on a non adiabatic wall is required to determine the heat transfer coefficient distribution. This novel naphthalene sublimation, which is different from previous heat transfer or analogy method, can measure both cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient together with the same test section. The results show well by being compared with other references.展开更多
Polymers of 1- and 2-vinylnaphthalene containing more than about 50 mol% sulfonic acid groups dissolve in water to form 'hypercoiled' conformations which have many of the properties of micelles. Hydrophobic m...Polymers of 1- and 2-vinylnaphthalene containing more than about 50 mol% sulfonic acid groups dissolve in water to form 'hypercoiled' conformations which have many of the properties of micelles. Hydrophobic molecules such as anthracene and perylene are selectively absorbed in these pseudo micellar structures, and their fluorescence emission is sensitized by energy transfer from the surrounding naphthalene chromophores. When irradiated with UV light in the presence of oxygen, the emission of perylene rapidly decreases. It is proposed that this is due to reaction of singlet oxygen with the perylene trapped in the hypercoiled polymer. (Author abstract) 3 Refs.展开更多
High performance polymers have received considerable attention over the past decade owing to their increased demands as replacements for metals or ceramics in automotive, aerospace, and microelectronic industries. Pol...High performance polymers have received considerable attention over the past decade owing to their increased demands as replacements for metals or ceramics in automotive, aerospace, and microelectronic industries. Poly（aryl ether ketone）s（PAEKs） are a class of important high-performance aromatic polymers with excellent mechanical properties, good solvent resistance, size-accuracy, electrical characteristics, and superior thermal stability. However,展开更多
Sodium deoxycholate (NaDOC) could induce 1-bromo-4-(bromoacetyl) naphthalene (BBAN) to emit strong room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). Measurements of phosphore- scence spectra, peak intensity and polarization we...Sodium deoxycholate (NaDOC) could induce 1-bromo-4-(bromoacetyl) naphthalene (BBAN) to emit strong room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). Measurements of phosphore- scence spectra, peak intensity and polarization were used to investigate the solubilization of BBAN as a function of NaDOC concentration.展开更多
A number of doubly-fused [1,2] naphthodifurans have been synthesized from the corresponding diallyl-dihydroxy naphthalene precursors involving N-iodosuccinimide in acetonitrile and also by molecular iodine in aqueous ...A number of doubly-fused [1,2] naphthodifurans have been synthesized from the corresponding diallyl-dihydroxy naphthalene precursors involving N-iodosuccinimide in acetonitrile and also by molecular iodine in aqueous micelle using CTAB as surfactant. The electrophilic cyclization occurs regioselectively by a 5-exo-trig mode of cyclization.展开更多
基金financed from the grant of the National Social Science Foundation General Project(No.23BZS010)。
文摘Jiu Ai Tu(The Moxa Treatment)from the Song dynasty is the earliest surviving painting that focuses on the subject of acupuncture and moxibustion.This paper takes the medical activities depicted in the artwork as its research object and systematically analyzes the external treatment methods for abscesses during the Song dynasty reflected in Jiu Ai Tu.By examining the understanding of abscesses during that period,the paper explores the level of development in external medicine techniques.By analyzing the medical awareness and behaviors of patients when facing such severe illnesses,it aims to explore the societal cognition and experiences regarding health and disease.The paper attempts to present the folk medical ecology of the Song dynasty represented by Jiu Ai Tu.
文摘Polychlorinated naphthalene （PCNs） have similar structure and toxicity with dioxin class （PCDD/Fs）, it can be detected in the global environmental and biological samples. This paper introduces the main sources of PCNs in the environment and environmental fate, introduced emphasis with the emission characteristics of PCNs in burning and metal smelting process, this article summarized the current PCNs city environmental and biotic pollution level and distribution characteristics, summarized and discussed related research of PCNs pollution level and distribution characteristics near the various environmental media and organisms in the city. Finally, the paper put forward the research progress of PCNs in related research areas and challenges.
基金supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China (No. 40372109)the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No.2004CB418502).
文摘Adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the sorption behaviors of naphthalene and phenanthrene in six different soils and to determine the effects of temperature, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate （LAS） and cetylrimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB） on sorption. The results show that for a given sorbent phenanthrene exhibited greater nonlinear and stronger sorption than naphthalene. There was a strong negative correlation for the Koc values with organic carbon content （foc）. The increase of temperature was not favorable to sorption. Sorption decreased along with the increasing aqueous LAS concentration from 0 to 1000 mg/L. At low CTAB concentration （〈 100 mg/L）, the adsorption increased as CTAB hemimicelles formed on the soil surface. At high concentration, CTAB decreased the adsorption by occupying active hydrophobic adsorption sites and solubilization of naphthalene and phenanthrene.
文摘The novel dicyanate ester resin containing naphthalene unit (DNCY) was synthesized, and characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and elemental analysis (EA). The thermal properties of DNCY resin was studied by thermal degradation analysis at a heating rate of 10 C /min-1 in N2 and air. The DNCY resin exhibited better thermal and thermal-oxidative stability than bisphenol A dicyanate (BACY) resin.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China ( 2 96 76 0 45 )
文摘The reaction of naphthalene with oxalyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 was investigated. The homolog of dinaphthyl methanone can be obtained mainly from this reaction. Naphthalene conversion does not have evident correlation with the amount of AlCl3. The results show that the reaction proceeds via carbon cation electrophilic substitution reaction-free radical substitution reaction pathway.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40972089),CNPC Innovation Fund(Grant No.07E1001)the State Key Laboratory of the Petroleum Resources and Prospecting(Grant No.PRPDX2008-01)
文摘Condensates and light oils are generally characterized by high maturity, low concentration of sterane and terpane biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. As a result, some commonly-used sterane, terpane and carbazole migration parameters in conventional oil reservoirs may have a certain limitation in condensate and light oil reservoirs for their poor signal-noise ratios in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Naphthalene, phenanthrene and their methylated substituents, however, are present in significant concentrations in condensates and light oils. Taking the Fushan depression （in the Beibuwan Basin, Northern South China Sea） as an example, this paper attempts for the first time to use polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH）-related parameters to trace migration directions and filling pathways for condensate and light oil reservoirs. The result shows that TMNr （i.e. 1, 3, 7-TMN/（1, 3, 7-TMN ＋ 1, 2, 5-TMN）, TMN： trimethylnaphthalene））, MPI-1 （i.e. 1.5×（2-MP ＋ 3-MP）/（P ＋ 1-MP ＋ 9-MP）, P： phenanthrene MP： methyiphenanthrene）, MN/DMN （∑methylnaphthalene/∑dimethylnaphthalene, %） and MN/TMN （∑nethylnaphthalene/∑trimethylna- phthalene, %） can be used to trace the filling pathways of condensate and light oil reservoirs. These parameters, together with geological consideration and other bulk oil properties （e.g. the gas to oil ratio and density）, suggest that the condensates and light oils in the Huachang oil and gas field are mainly sourced from the Bailian sag that is located to the northeast of the Huachang uplift in the Fushan depression.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2010DFA32680)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21005062)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (CDJRC10220010)
文摘Three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field（3D-HoVAIF） is used to describe the chemical structures of polychlorinated naphthalenes（PCNs）.After variable screening by stepwise multiple regression（SMR） technique,the liner relationships between gas-chromatographic relative retention time（RRT）,298 K supercooled liquid pressures（logPL）,n-octanol/air partition coefficient（logKOA）,n-octanol/water partition coefficient（logKOW）,aqueous solubilities（logSW）,relative in vitro potency values（-logEROD） of PCNs and 3D-HoVAIF descriptors have been established by partial least-square（PLS） regression.The result shows that the 3D-HoVAIF descriptors can be well used to express the quantitative structure-property（activity） relationships of PCNs.Predictive capability of the models has also been demonstrated by leave-one-out cross-validation.Moreover,the predicted values have been presented for those PCNs which are lack of experimentally physico-chemical properties and biological activity by the optimum models.
基金We are especially grateful to the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation and the National High Technology Project of China (No. 2001AA640601) for their financial supports.
文摘A molecular electronegativity distance vector based on 13 atomic types (MEDV-13) is used to describe the structures of 62 polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) congeners and related to the gas chromatographic relative retention indices (RIs) of PCNs. Using multiple linear regression, a 4-variable quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) with the correlation coefficient of estimations (r) being 0.9912 and the root mean square error of estimations (RMSEE) being 31.4 and the correlation coefficient of predictions (q) and the root mean square error of predictions (RMSEP) in the leave-one-out procedure are 0.9898 and 33.76, respectively.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB0406500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1804155,U1604263,and 11804307)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2018M630830 and 2019T120631).
文摘Nanodiamonds have outstanding mechanical properties,chemical inertness,and biocompatibility,which give them potential in various applications.Current methods for preparing nanodiamonds often lead to products with impurities and uneven morphologies.We report a two-step high-pressure high-temperature(HPHT) method to synthesize nanodiamonds using naphthalene as the precursor without metal catalysts.The grain size of the diamonds decreases with increasing carbonization time(at constant pressure and temperature of 11.5 GPa and 700℃,respectively).This is discussed in terms of the different crystallinities of the carbon intermediates.The probability of secondary anvil cracking during the HPHT process is also reduced.These results indicate that the two-step method is efficient for synthesizing nanodiamonds,and that it is applicable to other organic precursors.
文摘Based on the linearity of the heat transfer coefficient and dimensionless temperature ratio, and analogy between heat and mass transfer, an experimental study on film cooling characteristic was carried out with a novel naphthalene sublimation. In general, cooling effectiveness distributions have been obtained on adiabatic surface, but separate testing on a non adiabatic wall is required to determine the heat transfer coefficient distribution. This novel naphthalene sublimation, which is different from previous heat transfer or analogy method, can measure both cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient together with the same test section. The results show well by being compared with other references.
基金The financial support of this work by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada is greatfully acknowledged.
文摘Polymers of 1- and 2-vinylnaphthalene containing more than about 50 mol% sulfonic acid groups dissolve in water to form 'hypercoiled' conformations which have many of the properties of micelles. Hydrophobic molecules such as anthracene and perylene are selectively absorbed in these pseudo micellar structures, and their fluorescence emission is sensitized by energy transfer from the surrounding naphthalene chromophores. When irradiated with UV light in the presence of oxygen, the emission of perylene rapidly decreases. It is proposed that this is due to reaction of singlet oxygen with the perylene trapped in the hypercoiled polymer. (Author abstract) 3 Refs.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2006AA03Z543).
文摘High performance polymers have received considerable attention over the past decade owing to their increased demands as replacements for metals or ceramics in automotive, aerospace, and microelectronic industries. Poly（aryl ether ketone）s（PAEKs） are a class of important high-performance aromatic polymers with excellent mechanical properties, good solvent resistance, size-accuracy, electrical characteristics, and superior thermal stability. However,
文摘Sodium deoxycholate (NaDOC) could induce 1-bromo-4-(bromoacetyl) naphthalene (BBAN) to emit strong room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). Measurements of phosphore- scence spectra, peak intensity and polarization were used to investigate the solubilization of BBAN as a function of NaDOC concentration.
文摘A number of doubly-fused [1,2] naphthodifurans have been synthesized from the corresponding diallyl-dihydroxy naphthalene precursors involving N-iodosuccinimide in acetonitrile and also by molecular iodine in aqueous micelle using CTAB as surfactant. The electrophilic cyclization occurs regioselectively by a 5-exo-trig mode of cyclization.
