Joint performance in laser welding Al alloy with filler wire

CO2 laser welding aluminum alloy with filler wire was studied. The results indicate that the problems in CO2 laser welding of Al alloy, such as bad appearance of weld, easily excessive penetration and low strength, can be improved effectively by using laser welding with filler wire, and the maximum tensile strength of weld can reach 94% for the base metal. It also can be found that, the linear energy have great influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint. As the heat input increases, the cellular fir-tree crystals in the weld zone become sparse and the form of tensile fracture transforms from gliding fracture to brittle fracture.

Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Al-Cu-Li Alloy Joint by Laser Welding with Filler Wire

The Al-Cu-Li alloy is welded by using laser beam welding,and the welding wire ER4043 is used as filler metal. The microstructure and mechanical property of welded joints are systematically investigated. Microstructure analyses show that the fusion zone is mainly composed of α-Al matrix phase and some strengthening phases including T,δ’,θ’,β’ and T1,etc. During welding,the weld formation and joint quality are obviously improved by the addition of Al-Si filler wire. The measurements of mechanical property indicate that,compared with that of the base metal(BM), the microhardness in the weld zone is decreased to a certain extent. Under the appropriate welding parameters,the tensile strength of welded joint reaches 369.4 MPa,which is 67.8% of that of the BM. There are many dimples on the joint fracture surface,and it mainly presents the fracture characteristic of dimple aggregation.

Effect of filler wire on the joint properties of AZ31 magnesium alloys using CO_2 laser welding

Laser welding with filler wire of AZ31 magnesium alloys is investigated using a CO2 laser experimental system. The effect of three different filler wires on the joint properties is researched. The results show that the weld appearance can be effectively improved when using laser welding with filler wire. The microhardness and tensile strength of joints are almost the same us those of the base metal when ER AZ31 or ER AZ61 wire is adopted. However, when the filler wire of ER 5356 aluminum alloy is used, the mechanical properties of flints become worse. For ER AZ31 and ER AZ61 filler wires, the microstructure of weld zone slws small dendrite grains. In comparison, for ER 5356 filler wire, the weld shows a structure of snowy dendrites and many intermetallic compounds and eutectic phases distribute in the dendrites. These intermetallic constituents with low melting point increase the tendency of hot crack and result in fiagile joint properties. Therefore, ER AZ31 and ER AZ61 wire are more suitable filler material than ER 5356 for CO2 laser welding of AZ31 magnesium alloys.

The comparison of multi-layer narrow-gap laser and arc welding of S32101 duplex stainless steel

Multi-layer narrow-gap welding of thick S32101 duplex stainless steel was conducted using laser welding with beam wobble process.The phase transition,grain size,phase proportion and crystal texture of welded joint were also studied and compared with gas metal arc welding process.The microhardness and tensile strength were measured and fracture surface was analyzed to evaluate the mechanical properties of welded joints.The results showed that beam wobble technology improved the misalignment of laser beam and filler wire in narrow groove and helped to avoid incomplete fusion defects.Compared to arc welding process,the groove size and heat input were reduced,while welding efficiency was increased.The faster cooling rate and lower temperature gradient of laser wobble welding favored grain refinement,while the austenite content in weld zone decreased.Both the beam wobble and swing arc were conducive to stir weld pool,optimizing the weld microstructure and joint formation.The microstructural variance in various weld passes was caused by the heat input and heat dissipation ability.The microhardness of laser welded joint was lower,while the tensile strength and elongation percentage were higher.The fracture surface of arc welded joint was featured with shallower dimples and cleavage steps.

Fine microstructure characterization of titanium alloy laser narrow gap welded joint

In this paper,the microstructure of narrow gap laser welded joint of 45 mm Ti6321 titanium alloy was characterized.The microstructure characteristics of Laser self-fusion and laser-multi-pass-narrow-gapfilling layer were observed by metallographic microscope,and the phase morphology was analyzed by transmission electron microscope.The results show that the joint was obtained using the laser-multipass-narrow-gap welding,and no volumetric defect is observed.The weld grain of self fusion welded bead tends to be equiaxed with lots of needleα’,and the width of weld metal needleα’was 0.4μm.The heat affected zone is columnar crystal with lamellarα,and The width of heat affected zonelamellarαwas 2–4μm with a large number of dislocation tangles.The weld grains of laser-multi-pass-narrow-gap filler bead are coarse columnar grains with staggered acicularα’,and the width of acicularα’in weld metal is less than 1μm with number of dislocations.The heat affected zone is thick lamellar microstructure with a width of 2–4μm with a large number of dislocation entanglement and packing.The microstructure evolution law is related with heating temperature and cooling rate.

Narrow gap space contributes to chemical metallurgy of self-shielded arc welding

The slag-free self-shielded flux-cored wire was fabricated to apply for the narrow gap welding.The results showed that narrow gap welding shows lower welding spatter compared with hardfacing except under voltage of 30 V and current of 260 A.The deposition efficiency keeps over 90%for both 12 mm and 8 mm narrow gap welding.For 12 mm narrow gap welding,when the voltage is 28 V and the current is 264 A(or 286 A),no pores are found in the narrow gap weld.In the continuous welding process,manganese vapor,aluminum vapor and CO continuously generate to form gasbag and occupy the narrow gap space,thus protecting the droplet and molten pool from the invasion of air.

辅丝对摇动电弧窄间隙GMA焊接温度场的影响

【目的】旨在建立主辅丝同步的摇动电弧窄间隙GMA焊温度场模型。【方法】从宏观传热学出发,综合考虑横断面几何形状特征、主丝和辅丝的运动及焊缝表面形状对电弧热流分布特征的影响,并利用ANSYS软件对不加辅丝和主辅丝同步摇动两种情况下的电弧瞬态温度场及热循环曲线进行了模拟计算。【结果】焊缝横断面的计算结果、测温特征点热循环曲线的计算结果,与试验结果接近。【结论】证明模型可以真实反映添加辅丝的摇动电弧的移动轨迹及分布特征,具有较高的准确性。不加辅丝时,焊缝横断面底部有明显“双峰”特征,主辅丝同步摇动时,“双峰”特征明显减弱。主辅丝同步摇动情况下的热影响区宽度略有增加。

基于SYSWELD的大厚板窄间隙双丝埋弧焊热过程数值模拟

基于60 mm厚Q345R钢,开展了窄间隙双丝埋弧焊焊接试验,得到了合理的工艺参数,焊缝成型平整均匀无任何缺陷.通过SYSWELD有限元软件对大厚板窄间隙双丝埋弧焊焊接热过程进行数值模拟分析,模拟的熔池宽与高和实际相比,误差率均控制在5%以内,并利用热电偶装置测得热影响区热循环曲线与模拟的热循环曲线变化趋势基本一致,具有升温快,降温慢的特点,验证了该模型的有效性.为后续利用该模型,进一步探究不同参数或边界条件对于大厚板窄间隙双丝埋弧焊焊接热过程与应力-应变规律提供理论指导.

Characteristics of Joint Welded by Laser Welding of Aluminium-Lithium Alloy with Filler Wire

The characteristics of weld shape,microstructure,mechanical properties and defects of 5A90 Al-Li alloy joint by laser welding (LBW) and laser welding with filler wire (LWFW) were studied and analyzed.The results indicated that the microstructure of joint by LWFW was fine-grained layer and the equiaxed grain in most of seams,which were similar to the joint by LBW.Compared with the joint by LBW,the microstructure of joint by LWFW tended to fine,and the range of the columnar crystals zone was prone to decrease.The Microhardness of the joint by LWFW (92.57HV0.2) was lower than that by LBW (95.65HV0.2),but the uniformity was better.The ultimate tensile strength of the joint by LWFW was lower than that by LBW slightly,which reached to 73.03% and 79.22% of the base metal respectively.However,the elongation of the LWFW joint was higher than that of the LBW joint significantly,which reached to 38.65% and 20.38% of the base metal respectively.The microstructure and mechanical properties of 5A90 Al-Li alloy by LWFW were better than that by LBW.The defects of joint were mainly forming defects which were caused by improper parameters and porosity inside the joint,which was caused by uncleaned surface and incomplete penetration.

Mg-Al-Zn合金激光填丝焊接接头的显微组织与力学性能

采用激光填丝焊方法对4 mm厚的Mg-Al-Zn系镁合金进行焊接,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对接头的微观组织进行分析,并对接头的拉伸性能和显微硬度进行测试。结果表明,接头焊缝区主要由α-Mg基体相和β-Mg17Al_(12)强化相组成。与母材区相比,接头热影响区的硬度有所降低,与该区域的晶粒粗化有关。在激光功率3.0 kW,焊接速度1.5 m/min,送丝速度2.1 m/min的工艺条件下获得的接头,焊缝成形良好,其抗拉强度为315 MPa,与母材的抗拉强度接近。接头拉伸断口上分布着一定数量的韧窝和河流花样,总体呈韧-脆混合型断裂特征。

厚板窄间隙焊接技术研究现状与应用进展

窄间隙焊接技术已经成为现代工业生产中厚板结构的首选技术,其技术和经济优势决定了它是今后厚板焊接技术发展的主要方向之一,近年来随着科技工作者的不断探索和研发,相继涌现了多种窄间隙焊接方法,文中对电弧焊、激光焊和激光-电弧复合焊等窄间隙焊接制造技术进行了系统阐述,概述了不同热源窄间隙焊接制造过程中的焊接质量、焊接效率的影响因素,归纳了不同热源窄间隙焊的工艺特点及应用领域,结合国内外相关技术的发展现状,总结了窄间隙焊技术面临的问题,提出了后续的发展建议,为相关领域的科研工作者提供参考.

Dendritic Boundary Corrosion of AA2198 Weld Using Fiber Laser Welding with Al–Cu Filler Wire

The microstructures and corrosion behaviors of AA2198-T851 alloy and weld were analyzed under corrosive conditions. Weld was formed using an innovative fiber laser welding process with AA2319 Al-Cu filler wire. The metallurgic morphology and distribution of the chemical compositions were determined using imaging techniques such as optical micrograph, scanning electron micrograph, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. Corrosion was evaluated using an immersion test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3.5% NaC1 solution at room temperature. Results indicate that the parent alloy suffered from pitting corrosion during the initial 4-h immersion which was caused by the inhomogeneous distribution of its chemical compo- nents and the different intermetallics formed during the rolling process. The weld experienced dendritic boundary corrosion under the same conditions due to the addition of the Al-Cu filler and rapid solidification during laser welding, which led to the precipitates Cu enrichment along the grain boundary. When a welding joint was immersed in the solution for 5 days, a big crack was observed across the center of the weld. In comparison, there was good corrosion resistance in the heat- affected zone with a compact protective film.

点环激光超窄间隙焊与电弧焊高强钢厚板组织性能对比研究

为消除激光超窄间隙焊易产生的侧壁熔合缺陷,开发了点环激光填丝焊工艺,利用中心点激光对焊丝加热,利用环激光对窄间隙坡口加热,完成30 mm厚10CrNi3MoV低合金高强钢的焊接,并与传统电弧焊接头开展组织和性能对比分析。结果表明,激光超窄间隙填丝焊接头焊缝区由针状铁素体、粒状贝氏体与少量的马氏体组成,电弧焊接头由针状铁素体和粒状贝氏体组成。激光焊的快速冷却特点使其焊缝组织较弧焊更加细小。激光焊接头热影响区由较多的铁素体和粒状贝氏体组织和较少的M-A组元组成,有利于接头性能的提高。激光超窄间隙填丝焊接头抗拉强度与电弧焊接头近似相当,但激光超窄间隙填丝焊接头具有更好的冲击韧性。

磁场辅助窄间隙激光填丝焊焊接工艺研究

采用磁场辅助窄间隙激光填丝焊工艺对25 mm厚S32101双相不锈钢板进行多层焊接,并对其焊接性能进行了研究。观察对比了有无磁场辅助窄间隙激光填丝焊的焊缝成形,并重点分析了磁场辅助焊接接头的力学性能、金相组织。结果表明:有无磁场辅助得到的焊缝表面均平滑均匀,基本无飞溅。无磁场辅助的焊缝出现气孔及未熔合缺陷,施加磁场后焊缝无此缺陷。磁场辅助焊接的拉伸试样均断裂于母材位置,焊接接头的抗拉强度高于母材。各焊层焊缝的平均硬度高于母材。焊缝组织为奥氏体和铁素体,组织细密均匀,两相比例均匀稳定,约为1:1。

窄间隙激光焊接研究现状与存在的问题

对于20 mm以上的厚板焊接传统上广泛采用窄间隙埋弧焊、窄间隙熔化极气体保护焊等方法,但其热输入大、变形大等特点限制了其发展。激光焊接具有能量集中、热影响区小、焊接变形小等优势,在厚板焊接方面有更大的优势。文中主要介绍了目前中厚板及厚板窄间隙激光焊接方法中常见的激光自熔焊、激光填丝焊和激光-电弧复合焊的技术特点及其研究现状,分析了窄间隙激光焊在实际应用中存在的问题,如焊接效率不足、热输入过大、焊后变形大、易产生未熔合等。激光-电弧复合焊接具有焊接效率高、熔敷效率高、焊接热损伤低等特点,是适合厚板焊接的方法之一。最后总结和展望了激光焊技术在中厚板制造领域的发展前景。

窄间隙激光焊研究现状及未来展望

窄间隙激光焊是一种先进的焊接技术,具有焊接厚度大、焊接柔性强、焊后变形小等优点,在厚板结构中得到了广泛的研究。文中全面回顾窄间隙激光焊的历史发展并简要概述窄间隙激光焊的工艺流程。然后深入阐述影响焊接质量的因素并讨论窄间隙激光焊的常见焊接工艺缺陷。此外,总结了优化焊接质量控制策略,可分为光束调制、外部物理场和其他手段。激光摆动被广泛应用于窄间隙激光焊中,电磁及超声辅助也会提升焊缝质量,热丝焊可以提高焊接效率。此外,文中还探讨计算机辅助在窄间隙激光焊中的应用。最后对窄间隙激光焊的未来发展进行了展望。

大熔覆速率TIG焊研究现状与展望

TIG焊具有焊接电弧稳定,焊缝成形美观,焊接过程无飞溅等优点,但也存在熔覆速率低的缺点。本文总结了热丝TIG焊、TOP-TIG焊、TIP-TIG焊、双钨极TIG焊、窄间隙TIG焊等几种提高TIG焊熔覆速率的高效TIG焊接方法,归纳了这几种大熔覆速率TIG焊接方法存在的问题,并展望了未来的发展方向。

B950CF钢超窄间隙激光填丝焊接头疲劳性能

超窄间隙激光填丝焊(ultra-narrow gap laser welding,Ultra-NGLW)是一种先进的厚贝氏体钢焊接技术,具有热输入小,焊接接头低应力、变形小等优点.通过对不同“激光填丝-激光打底”比例的Ultra-NGLW接头高频拉-拉疲劳试验,绘制了10 mm厚不同填丝深度Ultra-NGLW接头S-N曲线,并通过对比分析接头的S-N曲线和疲劳断口特征,得到影响UltraNGLW接头疲劳性能的主要原因.试验结果表明,随着激光填丝深度的加深,接头的疲劳性能逐渐降低,填丝深度为0 mm时,接头疲劳强度为337.5 MPa,当填丝深度达到5 mm后,疲劳强度趋于稳定在270 MPa左右,Ultra-NGLW接头的疲劳源主要为焊缝粗晶区和熔合区的气孔、夹杂等焊接缺陷,在高频拉-拉疲劳循环载荷的作用下,粗晶区马氏体脆硬组织中形成较多裂纹,使其疲劳源裂纹快速扩展并连通脆硬组织中的裂纹直至接头失效.

厚壁构件窄间隙激光焊接在线监测数据库设计

在线监测系统数据库是评估焊接质量的重要依据,可以提供很多工艺参数的实时跟踪和记录。对于激光焊接,其焊接质量是激光功率、光斑大小、焊接速度及各种影响因素综合作用的结果。激光功率和焊接速度是制约及影响激光焊接质量的重要因素,其包含了大量的反映焊接工艺性能及焊接质量特性的信息。通过设计在线监测数据库系统,收集足够的焊接参数,通过系统中工艺参数曲线波形回放和信号分析功能,分析工艺参数的变化来研究焊接过程的变化,进而对焊接过程出现的焊接缺陷进行分析,最终形成一套能够准确反映焊接质量的数据库。

钛合金激光填药芯焊丝接头组织性能

通过激光填丝焊接方法并采用自主开发设计的钛合金药芯焊丝,进行TC4钛合金板的焊接,对获得的焊接接头进行850℃保温2 h后随炉冷却退火工艺处理,并与焊态焊接接头的组织性能进行比对分析,结果表明,热处理态焊接接头焊缝中由α_(p)相、α_(s)相集束及点状分布的残留β相构成,没有发现焊态焊缝中的α’马氏体组织;热处理态焊接接头强度降低但断后伸长率和常温冲击韧性增加;热处理态焊接接头拉伸断口由大量撕裂唇包围,韧窝深且均匀,呈微孔聚合韧性断裂.通过XRD测试发现焊态焊缝中主要由α’马氏体组成,还有少量极弱的多角度α相衍射峰,而热处理态焊缝中α相衍射峰中心角度位置与焊态焊缝中α’马氏体一致,另外还发现了较为明显且尖锐的β相(110)衍射峰.