Using Narrow Line-Width Laser to Measure the Thickness and Refractive Index of the Film

We demonstrate applications of a novel setup which is used for measuring the relative phase difference between S and P polarization at an oblique incidence point in optically denser medium by analyzing the relative frequency shift of adjacent axial modes of S and P resonances of a monolithic folded Fabry-Perot cavity (MFC). The relative phase difference at a reflection point A in an optically denser medium is inferred to be around -167.4° for a confocal cavity and -201.1° for a parallel cavity. Given the n1, n3, φ1, φ3, λ, and Δ, the elliptic formula tan(ψ)exp(iΔ) = Rp/Rs is used to find a solution for thickness d and refractive index n2 of the thin film coated on point A, where Rs and Rp are total refractive index of s and p component of light related to two unknown values. Since it is hard to deduce an analytical solution for thickness and refractive index of the film, we firstly used exhaustion method to find the set of solution about thickness and refractive index when assumed there is no light absorption by the film and then Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to find a set of solution of thickness and complex refractive index which accounts the light absorption by the film.

Single crystal growth and transport properties of narrow-bandgap semiconductor RhP_(2)

We report the growth of high-quality single crystals of RhP_(2),and systematically study its structure and physical properties by transport,magnetism,and heat capacity measurements.Single-crystal x-ray diffraction reveals that RhP_(2) adopts a monoclinic structure with the cell parameters a=5.7347(10)A,b=5.7804(11)A,and c=5.8222(11)A,space group P2_(1)/c(No.14).The electrical resistivityρ(T)measurements indicate that RhP_(2) exhibits narrow-bandgap behavior with the activation energies of 223.1 meV and 27.4 meV for two distinct regions,respectively.The temperaturedependent Hall effect measurements show electron domain transport behavior with a low charge carrier concentration.We find that RhP_(2) has a high mobilityμ_(e)~210 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)with carrier concentrations n_(e)~3.3×10^(18)cm^(3) at 300 K with a narrow-bandgap feature.The high mobilityμ_(e) reaches the maximum of approximately 340 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)with carrier concentrations n_^(e)~2×10^(18)cm^(-3)at 100 K.No magnetic phase transitions are observed from the susceptibilityχ(T)and specific heat C_(p)(T)measurements of RhP_(2).Our results not only provide effective potential as a material platform for studying exotic physical properties and electron band structures but also motivate further exploration of their potential photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications.

A Comprehensive Study on the digestive Endoscopic Technique and Narrow-Band Imaging for Early Gastric Cancer Screening

Objective:To explore the implementation of gastrointestinal endoscopy technology and endoscopic narrow-band imaging(NBI)in the early screening of gastric cancer and to observe and study their application effects.Methods:During the period from March 2023 to August 2023,312 patients who received gastroscopy in the Kunming Guandu District People’s Hospital were selected,and they underwent both conventional gastroscopy and endoscopic NBI,with clinicopathological tissue biopsy serving as the gold standard.The application value for early screening of gastric cancer was observed and analyzed.Results:The scoring data showed that the clarity of gastric mucosal glandular tube structure,microvascular structure clarity,and lesion contour scoring data of conventional gastroscopy were lower than those of the NBI technology(P<0.05).The screening rate of pathological biopsy in 312 patients was 18.59%(58 cases).Conventional gastroscopy showed a screening rate of 11.53%(36 cases),while NBI technology examined a screening rate of 17.63%(55 cases),and the two-by-two comparison of the screening rate data of the three groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of conventional gastroscopy appeared to be lower than those of NBI technology(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the early screening of gastric cancer,endoscopic NBI technology can be applied to patients.Compared with conventional gastroscopy,it provides a clearer visualization of the structure of the gastric mucosal glandular structure and microvascular structure,with a certain screening rate.Additionally,its sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value are higher,demonstrating outstanding effectiveness.

Generating a tunable narrow electron beam comb via laser-driven plasma grating

We propose a novel approach for generating a high-density,spatially periodic narrow electron beam comb(EBC)from a plasma grating induced by the interference of two intense laser pulses in subcritical-density plasma.We employ particle-in-cell(PIC)simulations to investigate the effects of cross-propagating laser pulses with specific angles overlapping in a subcritical plasma.This overlap results in the formation of a transverse standing wave,leading to a spatially periodic high-density modulation known as a plasma grating.The electron density peak within the grating can reach several times the background plasma density.The charge imbalance between electrons and ions in the electron density peaks causes mutual repulsion among the electrons,resulting in Coulomb expansion and acceleration of the electrons.As a result,some electrons expand into vacuum,forming a periodic narrow EBC with an individual beam width in the nanoscale range.To further explore the formation of the nanoscale EBC,we conduct additional PIC simulations to study the dependence on various laser parameters.Overall,our proposed method offers a promising and controlled approach to generate tunable narrow EBCs with high density.

8-nm narrowband photodetection in diamonds

Spectrally-selective photodetection plays a crucial role in various applications,including target imaging and environmental monitoring.Traditional deep-ultraviolet(DUV)narrowband photodetection systems consist of broadband photodetectors and filters,which complicates the architecture and constrains imaging quality.Here,we introduce an electronic-grade diamond single-crystal photodetector exhibiting an exceptionally narrow spectral response in the DUV range with a full width at half maximum of 8 nm.By examining diamond photodetectors with varying dislocation densities,we propose that mitigating the defect-induced trapping effect to achieve charge collection narrowing,assisted by free exciton radiative recombination,is an effective strategy for narrowband photodetection.The superior performance of this device is evidenced through the imaging of DUV light sources,showcasing its capability to differentiate between distinct light sources and monitor human-safe sterilization systems.Our findings underscore the promising potential applications of electronicgrade diamond in narrowband photodetection and offer a valuable technique for identifying electronic-grade diamond.

A comparative study of the electrical characteristics of positive and negative narrow bipolar events

Narrow bipolar events(NBEs)are intriguing intra-cloud discharge that have attracted enormous interest in the lightning community.They come with two polarities that dominate at different altitudes in thunderclouds.The sources of negative NBEs are usually located near the top of thunderclouds;those of positive NBEs are at the middle levels.NBEs may occur at the onset of lightning.The electrical properties of NBEs remain poorly understood.We present here the first comparative study of the electrical characteristics of negative and positive NBEs.To derive electrical parameters from the fast electric field change waveforms of 1673 positive NBEs and 364 negative NBEs recorded by the Jianghuai Area Sferic Array(JASA)in China,we use an improved method based on the transmission line model.This approach concludes that negative NBEs occurring at high altitudes tend to produce a narrower current pulse and take a shorter time to traverse the channel than their positive counterparts.Moreover,compared to positive NBEs,a larger portion of negative NBEs are associated with slightly greater peak current moments but smaller overall charge moments.The differences reported herein between electrical properties of negative and positive NBEs suggest that charge distribution in NBE-producing thunderstorms tends to vary systematically with altitude.

Anterior Chamber Depth Changes in Narrow Iridocorneal Angles after Phacoemulsification

Background: The burden of cataract and glaucoma has been increasing. Primary angle closure occurs as a result of crowded anterior segment anatomy causing appositional contact between peripheral iris and trabecular meshwork. Lens extraction has been proposed as a method of deepening anterior chamber and managing intraocular pressure. Purpose: To assess changes in anterior chamber depth after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in narrow angle eyes. Design: Prospective controlled trial (before-after) study. Method: The study was conducted from March 2015 to August 2017 among the patients of department of Ophthalmology of BSMMU who were diagnosed as cataract with narrow angles. Anterior chamber angle grading of 2 or less (Shaffer grading) in 3 or more quadrants was considered narrow angle (NA). The purposive type sampling technique was applied to collect sample from the study population, as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Complete clinical evaluation including history, physical examination, relevant ocular examinations and systemic examinations were performed. In this prospective study, subjects underwent phacoemulsification with foldable lens implantation. A scan ultrasonography was performed preoperatively and 10th and 30th postoperative days of surgery. Results: Thirty eyes of 29 patients included in the study, male: female ratio was 1:1, with an overall mean age of 62.03 ± 8.95 years. The mean preoperative central ACD was 2.95 ± 0.35 mm. At 10th and 30th POD mean central ACD were 3.94 ± 0.32, and 3.92 ± 0.28 mm respectively. Mean of increase in central ACD at final follow-up was 0.96 mm (p Conclusion: Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber in bag lens implantation can deepen the anterior chamber depth in patients with narrow angles. Based on these findings, it is concluded that phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation is an effective tool in deepening the anterior chamber.

超声下经皮腔内血管成形术治疗自体动静脉内瘘狭窄及术后再狭窄的临床研究

目的分析超声下经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)治疗自体动静脉内瘘(AVF)狭窄的效果。方法选取郑州市第三人民医院血液净化中心的2018年1月-2022年5月期间收治的AVF狭窄者42例作为研究对象进行回顾性分析,均行超声下PTA治疗,收集纳入对象的基线资料以及围术期临床资料,观察手术前后透析血流量、狭窄处血管内径变化,统计临床成功率、技术成功率与并发症发生率、术后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月初级通畅率、次级通畅率以及术后6个月、12个月的内瘘再狭窄发生率。结果技术成功率为97.61%(41/42);临床成功率达97.56%(40/41);术后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月初级通畅率分别为94.59%(35/37)、78.38%(29/37)、62.16%(23/37)、51.35%(19/37);术后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月次级通畅率分别为100.00%(37/37)、97.30%(36/37)、91.89%(34/37)、86.49%(32/37);术后并发症总发生率为13.51%(5/37);术后6个月再狭窄率为21.62%(8/37),术后12个月再狭窄率为48.65%(18/37);术后透析血流速度、狭窄处内径均大于术前(P<0.05)。结论超声下PTA治疗AVF狭窄患者效果显著,可改善内瘘通畅率,增加透析血流速度与狭窄处内径。

基于OneNET云平台的智慧消防远程监控系统的设计

针对传统消防监控系统存在开发成本高、误警率高、实时监控不便的问题,提出一种基于物联网云平台的智慧消防远程监控系统。采用STM32单片机作为中枢控制芯片,经多传感器采集温度、湿度、烟雾、火焰等环境数据,通过窄带物联网(NB-IoT,Narrow Band Internet of Things)上传至OneNET云平台。经数据分析后以可视化方式呈现,对异常数据触发报警实时响应。通过手机APP实现数据实时监测及一键处置。经测试,监控系统报警准确率高于97.2%,数据延迟低于50 ms,表明该系统能够实现消防火警的无线远程监控,并做出快速反应,满足中小微企业和普通家庭用户的消防监控需要。

取秧侧向零偏移的空间轨迹再生稻分插机构设计与试验

为了解决现有空间行星轮系式分插机构在再生稻宽窄行机械化种植取秧过程中出现侧向偏移量和侧向偏转角的技术难题,本文提出一种具有局部平面轨迹特性的空间轨迹不等速行星轮系机构,并开展基于取秧口和机构回转中心位置约束下的宽窄行分插机构综合研究。构建了基于关键位姿点(取秧起始点、取秧结束点、推秧点)的空间轮系机构运动综合模型,利用关键位姿点求解机构杆长参数与空间交错轴信息,并通过优选二杆相对角位移参数实现机构传动比分配。将不完全非圆齿轮副引入空间行星轮系机构,利用间歇机构锁止弧约束行星轴,实现机构取秧过程侧向零偏移量、侧向零偏转角的平面轨迹段。通过仿真分析与机构样机试验验证了机构实际作业性能与理论设计相一致,结果表明:分插机构取秧侧向零偏移量,取秧侧向零偏转角,推秧侧向总偏移量为50.24 mm、取秧角为5.18°、推秧角为71.56°、推秧侧向角为16.26°、插秧穴口宽度为22.43 mm、轨迹高度为289.76 mm,满足预期设计要求。最后通过田间试验验证,分插机构可实现等行距取秧口和既定机构回转中心下宽行(40 cm)与窄行(20 cm)间隔机插,满足再生稻宽窄行种植要求。

狭窄河道小交角溢洪道燕尾坎挑流消能研究

狭窄河道小交角溢洪道挑流空间有限,流量变化大时挑流落点不稳定。为研究这种特殊地形下燕尾挑坎消能效果,依托某实际工程,采用数值模拟的方法拟定多种燕尾挑坎方案,研究了在狭窄河道小交角溢洪道条件下燕尾桃坎的消能效果。结果表明,方案2消能效果最优,当开口与燕尾宽度比为1且开口与溢洪道宽度比为0.5时水舌掺气效果最好,水流入水前能削减更大流速,在满足起挑前提下增大跌坎角度有利于水舌纵向拉伸,提高消能利用空间。最后复核了该方案在不同梯级流量时的消能冲刷情况,发现方案2挑坎在小流量和大流量泄洪时水舌落点依然稳定,冲坑对建筑物不构成安全威胁。

无轴泵喷叶片流激共振产生机理及其抑制

针对无轴泵喷异常高频梳状线谱噪声,本文研究了梳状线谱的产生原因及其噪声抑制特点。基于推进器实测噪声谱、振动谱梳状特征,初步定位梳状线谱与泵喷叶轮密切相关;进一步采用单向流固耦合分析方法,验证了无轴泵喷高频线谱来源于流激引起的叶轮面内2弯模态共振,并提出了一种在叶轮过流通道增设环筋以提高叶片支撑刚度的方案。流固耦合仿真及实测结果表明:带有环筋加强的泵喷叶轮对流激振动与噪声有明显抑制作用,梳状线谱噪声降幅达25.2~30.2 dB,且未向其他频段转移。

部分充填式窄幅钢箱-UHPC组合梁抗剪试验研究

目的为研究部分充填式窄幅钢箱-UHPC组合梁的抗剪性能,方法对4根倒置组合梁试件通过三点加载方式进行了静载试验,通过研究其负弯矩作用下的破坏形态及变形特征,得到了组合梁的荷载-挠度曲线、应变分布、荷载-滑移曲线、最终破坏形态等。结果试验研究结果表明:UHPC翼板显著提升了组合梁的变形能力和极限承载力;相较于试件SUCB-3(NC翼板),试件SUCB-1(1/2UHPC翼板和SUCB-4(全UHPC翼板))的承载力分别提高了18.2%和27.3%,变形能力则分别增强了38.02%和41.2%;钢纤维的添加能有效地抑制翼板裂缝的开展,钢纤维掺量从0提高到2%,试件的最大裂缝宽度从1.06 mm降低到0.92 mm,变形能力增强了23.61%,承载力则提高了4%。结论提出了考虑钢箱、UHPC翼板和充填混凝土贡献的组合梁抗剪承载力计算公式。

温升作用下CRTSⅡ型板宽窄接缝受力及损伤分析

为研究宽窄接缝在温升作用下的受力和损伤,根据混凝土塑性损伤理论和内聚力理论,建立考虑新旧混凝土界面的宽窄接缝细部的有限元模型;计算不同温升条件下的宽窄接缝应力和损伤因子,并分析宽窄接缝强度和窄接缝宽度的影响.研究结果表明:窄接缝挤碎是一种渐变受压损伤,宽、窄接缝交界处断裂是一种脆性受拉损伤;与宽、窄接缝交界处断裂相比,窄接缝挤碎对结构受力影响更大;宽窄接缝尺寸不均匀导致宽、窄接缝交界处垂向受拉,这是宽窄接缝产生损伤的主要原因;提高宽窄接缝的混凝土强度可有效降低垂向拉应力和受拉损伤,但对纵向应力和受压损伤影响较小;为改善受力并降低损伤,建议宽窄接缝混凝土与轨道板等强,并且宽窄接缝上下等宽.

一种基于NB-IoT的智能井盖监测系统设计

针对城市井盖保有量大、安全事故频发、人工巡检困难、管理组织混乱等问题,提出一种基于窄带物联网(NB-IoT)技术的窨井盖自动监测系统。该系统以STM32作为主控模块,包含倾角、水位等传感器,实现对井盖状态以及井内重点数据的采集,配合云端服务器和客户端完成井盖数据远程可视化显示。结果表明,所提系统可以实现故障井盖自动报警、精确定位,降低人工巡检的难度,让城市井盖管理更加智能化,让故障检修更加便捷化,提高城市管理的智能化水平。

支撑喉镜CO_(2)激光术后复发的喉癌患者窄带成像特征分析

目的分析行支撑喉镜CO_(2)激光术后复发的早期声门型喉癌患者的窄带成像(NBI)内镜特征。方法回顾性分析2017年1月~2023年12月就诊于西安交通大学第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的Ⅰ~Ⅱ期声门型喉癌患者中,行支撑喉镜CO_(2)激光术后复发者。系统收集复发者术前、术后1个月、3个月、6个月等不同时间点的病史、治疗方式、喉镜检查、影像学检查和病理结果,总结复发者NBI内镜特征。结果18例行支撑喉镜CO_(2)激光术后复发的早期声门型喉癌患者,NBI内镜诊断喉癌复发的诊断率显著高于普通白光内镜(88.89%vs.55.56%,χ^(2)=4.985,P=0.026)。所有复发患者按ELS分型,上皮内乳头样毛细血管袢(intraepithelial papillary capillary loop,IPCL)均为垂直血管;按Ni分型,72.22%(13/18)IPCL为V型,27.78%(5/18)IPCL仅表现为可疑异常新生血管(点状或扩张弯曲)。术后随访时的NBI内镜特征显示:术后1个月、3个月、6个月,术区表面有异常IPCL的患者比例分别为0.00%、27.78%(5/18)、61.11%(11/18),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.164,P<0.001),即喉癌复发患者随访时间越长,NBI内镜下术区表面有异常IPCL的患者比例越高。结论对行支撑喉镜CO_(2)激光术后的早期声门型喉癌患者,当NBI内镜下出现V型IPCL或点状、扩张弯曲的可疑新生血管时,可能早期提示喉癌复发。

窄河谷大夹角挑流消能工体型优化研究

针对窄河谷大夹角条件下挑流消能易出现冲击两岸、冲坑过深的问题,采用水工整体模型试验方法对具有代表性的某水利枢纽深孔放水冲沙洞挑流鼻坎体型开展优化研究,并对比分析了水舌形态和下游河道冲刷特性。结果表明,不对称收缩的异型窄缝式消能工可使水流在狭窄河道归槽,水舌纵向拉伸效果较好,大幅减轻了河床冲刷;提出了收缩比、收缩角差、斜切面积比等特征参数适宜的挑流消能工体型,可供窄河谷大夹角条件下挑流消能设计参考。

喉白斑的窄带成像内镜下诊断与病理分析

目的 探讨通过窄带成像(narrow band imaging,NBI)电子喉镜下观察喉黏膜上皮内的毛细血管袢形态,能否指导喉白斑患者治疗方法的选择。方法 选取2019年6月~2021年9月临床诊断为喉白斑的68例患者为研究对象,根据NBI电子喉镜的诊断结果,将患者分为两组:良性病变组(52/68)和恶性病变组(16/68)。比较NBI喉镜诊断与病理检查结果的一致性。结果良性病变组中病理确诊为鳞状上皮增生伴角化35例(67.31%),轻度不典型增生9例(17.31%),中度不典型增生3例(5.77%),原位癌5例(9.62%),恶性病变组中病理确诊为中度不典型增生2例(12.50%),重度不典型增生1例(6.25%),原位癌9例(56.25%),浸润癌4例(25.00%)。采用Kappa一致性检验法,k=0.687,P<0.001,说明NBI电子喉镜诊断结果和病理检查结果存在一致性。结论 NBI电子喉镜能很好的分辨喉白斑的性质,对喉白斑治疗方法的选择和随访观察喉白斑的进展有较高的指导意义。

脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形态变化、狭窄程度变化的超声表现特点及超声诊断价值分析

目的分析脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形态变化、狭窄程度变化的超声表现特点及超声诊断价值。方法回顾性选取自2021年7月至2023年12月滁州市中西医结合医院收治的60例脑梗死患者纳入观察组,另选同期的60名体检健康者纳入对照组。所有入选者均接受颈动脉超声检查,比较两组颈动脉斑块检出以及分布情况、斑块类型、斑块性质、颈动脉狭窄检出率、颈动脉血流参数[收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张末期峰值流速(EDV)、阻力指数(RI)],使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析颈动脉血流参数对脑梗死的诊断效能。结果两组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块分布情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组软斑占比为45.71%,高于对照组(5.88%),观察组硬斑占比为25.71%,低于对照组(58.82%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组易损斑块占比为65.71%,高于对照组(11.76%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组颈动脉狭窄检出率为76.67%,高于对照组(10.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组PSV、EDV分别为(55.30±3.37)、(10.51±2.76)cm/s,均小于对照组[(60.12±4.28)、(15.91±3.53)cm/s],观察组RI为0.81±0.14,大于对照组(0.73±0.11),组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,颈动脉PSV、EDV联合RI诊断脑梗死的敏感度为89.76%,特异度为60.34%,AUC为0.920,大于单项指标PSV的0.631、EDV的0.675和RI的0.609(P<0.05)。结论脑梗死患者存在明显的颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形态变化和狭窄程度变化,通过超声检查显示其血流动力学改变,对诊断脑梗死具有一定提示作用。

窄间隙P-GMAW仰焊位置熔滴过渡影响因素及控制方法

管道窄间隙全位置焊接过程中,在接近仰焊位置容易出现焊接缺陷,制约了管道施工的质量和效率.文中针对管道自动焊仰焊位置成形差、可靠性低的问题,分析P-GMAW过程送丝速度、弧长修正、导电嘴到熔池距离等因素对熔滴过渡的影响规律.结果表明,增加弧长修正系数可以增大电弧对侧壁的热输入,能够缓解侧壁熔合不良的问题,但会使熔滴过渡路径难以控制.因此当焊枪运动到仰焊位置时,提高送丝速度有利于获得更小的熔滴、更高的过渡频率;降低导电嘴到熔池距离,可以增加电磁力、减小熔滴尺寸,从而更有利于仰焊位置熔滴向熔池的过渡,研究结果对于管道窄间隙焊接的工艺设计具有一定的指导意义.