Objective Herba menthae, Borneolum and moschus are strongly volatile. Herba menthae, borneolum have been widely used as traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of nasal congestion. The aim of this study was to...Objective Herba menthae, Borneolum and moschus are strongly volatile. Herba menthae, borneolum have been widely used as traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of nasal congestion. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of herba menthae, borneolum and moschus on nasal sensation of airflow and nasal resistance. Method 52 volunteers (32 females, 20 males, aged from 19 to 32 years) were studied. Only subjects with normal nose functions were included in the study. Those who had had a coryzal illness or allergic rhinitis during the last three weeks excluded from the study. Nasal resistance was measured by active anterior rhinomanometry, using Master PF 2001 rhinomanometry (ICS Corporation, U.S.A.). Nasal sensation was measured with a self made equipment, called “nasal sensation indication scale”. There was a 100cm line scale on the equipment. Each end of the 100cm line scale was defined as either “extremely clear” or “extremely blocked”. The slide control was brought to the center point of the 100cm scale before each scoring of nasal sensation. The center point was the zero point for the scoring of nasal sensation. Each subject expressed his subjective feelings of nasal sensation of airflow by moving the slide control to the appropriate direction. Substances were administered by self made wick inhaler which consisted of a vessel in which the substances were put and a capsule which can spray air. Inhalers A, B, C and D respectively contained a blank wick, herba menthae at a concentration of 100mg dissolved in 1ml vaseline, borneolum at a concentration of 100mg dissolved in 1ml vaseline, moschus Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Clinical College of Bethune University of Medical Sciences, Changchun 130031, China (Wang YP, Dong Z, Yang ZQ and Bu GX) 1g. Each nostril was sprayed three times during the experiment, first the left and then the right. The protocol was as follows. Nasal resistance was measured before the administration of substances. Air control was first administered, followed by the other three kinds of medicines which were administered randomly, so that bias resulting from the order of presentation of substances would be controlled in the final analysis of the results. After inhalation of medicines, nasal sensation and nasal resistance were measured in order. Every two kinds of medicine were administered at an interval of 15 minutes so that any delayed effects could be observed. Results Because original data of nasal resistance and nasal sensation were not normal distribution, the logarithm of the original data were used for statistic analysis. Inhalation of herba menthae, borneolum or moschus all had no obvious influence on nasal resistance (P>0.05), but all caused enhancement of nasal sensation of airflow (P<0.01). Among these medicines the action of herba menthae was the strongest, borneolum and moschus being the second. 4 subjects had a sensation of nasal obstruction after inhalation of the substance, but there was no corresponding increase in nasal resistance. Conclusion The above results clearly demonstrate that herba menthae, borneolum and moschus all cause a highly significant enhancement of nasal sensation of airflow, but had no obvious effects on nasal resistance, in other words, enhancement of sensation of nasal airflow was not accompanied by the decrease of nasal resistance (increase of airflow). Therefore, the enhancement of airflow sensation is just a subjective, false impression and this sort of medicine should be regarded as pseudonasal decongestant.展开更多
Background The role of nasal obstruction in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） has been debated for decades. In this prospective study, we compared the pharyngeal aerodynamic chara...Background The role of nasal obstruction in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） has been debated for decades. In this prospective study, we compared the pharyngeal aerodynamic characteristics of OSAHS patients and normal people, and investigated the contribution of total nasal airway resistance to the pathophysiology of OSAHS. Methods Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） was used to extract the average pressure and average airflow velocity in three transverse cross-sectional planes of the pharynx for statistical analysis, and the correlation between nasal resistance and the average pressure in the pharyngeal cavity was investigated. Results The negative pressure within the pharyngeal cavity was significantly higher in OSAHS patients than in normal subjects, and total nasal airway resistance correlated well with the average pressure in three consecutive transverse cross-sections of the pharyngeal cavity. Conclusions Greater negative pressure within the pharyngeal cavity contributed to the increased collapsibility of the pharynx in OSAHS patients, and the strong correlation between nasal resistance and pharyngeal pressure suggests that the nose plays a role in the pathogenesis of OSAHS.展开更多
文摘Objective Herba menthae, Borneolum and moschus are strongly volatile. Herba menthae, borneolum have been widely used as traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of nasal congestion. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of herba menthae, borneolum and moschus on nasal sensation of airflow and nasal resistance. Method 52 volunteers (32 females, 20 males, aged from 19 to 32 years) were studied. Only subjects with normal nose functions were included in the study. Those who had had a coryzal illness or allergic rhinitis during the last three weeks excluded from the study. Nasal resistance was measured by active anterior rhinomanometry, using Master PF 2001 rhinomanometry (ICS Corporation, U.S.A.). Nasal sensation was measured with a self made equipment, called “nasal sensation indication scale”. There was a 100cm line scale on the equipment. Each end of the 100cm line scale was defined as either “extremely clear” or “extremely blocked”. The slide control was brought to the center point of the 100cm scale before each scoring of nasal sensation. The center point was the zero point for the scoring of nasal sensation. Each subject expressed his subjective feelings of nasal sensation of airflow by moving the slide control to the appropriate direction. Substances were administered by self made wick inhaler which consisted of a vessel in which the substances were put and a capsule which can spray air. Inhalers A, B, C and D respectively contained a blank wick, herba menthae at a concentration of 100mg dissolved in 1ml vaseline, borneolum at a concentration of 100mg dissolved in 1ml vaseline, moschus Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Clinical College of Bethune University of Medical Sciences, Changchun 130031, China (Wang YP, Dong Z, Yang ZQ and Bu GX) 1g. Each nostril was sprayed three times during the experiment, first the left and then the right. The protocol was as follows. Nasal resistance was measured before the administration of substances. Air control was first administered, followed by the other three kinds of medicines which were administered randomly, so that bias resulting from the order of presentation of substances would be controlled in the final analysis of the results. After inhalation of medicines, nasal sensation and nasal resistance were measured in order. Every two kinds of medicine were administered at an interval of 15 minutes so that any delayed effects could be observed. Results Because original data of nasal resistance and nasal sensation were not normal distribution, the logarithm of the original data were used for statistic analysis. Inhalation of herba menthae, borneolum or moschus all had no obvious influence on nasal resistance (P>0.05), but all caused enhancement of nasal sensation of airflow (P<0.01). Among these medicines the action of herba menthae was the strongest, borneolum and moschus being the second. 4 subjects had a sensation of nasal obstruction after inhalation of the substance, but there was no corresponding increase in nasal resistance. Conclusion The above results clearly demonstrate that herba menthae, borneolum and moschus all cause a highly significant enhancement of nasal sensation of airflow, but had no obvious effects on nasal resistance, in other words, enhancement of sensation of nasal airflow was not accompanied by the decrease of nasal resistance (increase of airflow). Therefore, the enhancement of airflow sensation is just a subjective, false impression and this sort of medicine should be regarded as pseudonasal decongestant.
基金The study was supported by grants from the Capital Characteristic Clinical Application Research （No. Z121107001012044） and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 7100002）.
文摘Background The role of nasal obstruction in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） has been debated for decades. In this prospective study, we compared the pharyngeal aerodynamic characteristics of OSAHS patients and normal people, and investigated the contribution of total nasal airway resistance to the pathophysiology of OSAHS. Methods Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） was used to extract the average pressure and average airflow velocity in three transverse cross-sectional planes of the pharynx for statistical analysis, and the correlation between nasal resistance and the average pressure in the pharyngeal cavity was investigated. Results The negative pressure within the pharyngeal cavity was significantly higher in OSAHS patients than in normal subjects, and total nasal airway resistance correlated well with the average pressure in three consecutive transverse cross-sections of the pharyngeal cavity. Conclusions Greater negative pressure within the pharyngeal cavity contributed to the increased collapsibility of the pharynx in OSAHS patients, and the strong correlation between nasal resistance and pharyngeal pressure suggests that the nose plays a role in the pathogenesis of OSAHS.
