In the process of responding to governance crises and challenges due to various biosafety and biosecurity risk factors locally and abroad,China has gradually established and improved its biosafety/biosecurity concept ...In the process of responding to governance crises and challenges due to various biosafety and biosecurity risk factors locally and abroad,China has gradually established and improved its biosafety/biosecurity concept and governance system.This article summarizes the formation and development of the biosafety/biosecurity concept with Chinese characteristics by analyzing the evolution of China's cognition of biosafety/biosecurity risks.Under the guidance of the Chinese biosafety/biosecurity concept,the country has formed a governance system guided by national strategy and coordinated by the rule of law,system,and management.The modernization level of the biosafety/biosecurity governance system and governance capabilities has been significantly improved.Compared with international practice,China's national biosafety/biosecurity concept and governance system pay increased attention to inclusive overall planning,preventive governance,diversified governance,and international cooperation.It provides Chinese wisdom and solutions for promoting global biosafety/biosecurity governance and building a community of shared future for human biosafety/biosecurity.展开更多
Introductory Remarks Nobody denies that the West was the cradle of the concept of human rights. Since the American and French revolutions of the end of the eigh- teenth century, the human rights were centered on the ...Introductory Remarks Nobody denies that the West was the cradle of the concept of human rights. Since the American and French revolutions of the end of the eigh- teenth century, the human rights were centered on the individual. Human rights were considered to be individual rights. However, within the expression ＂human rights,＂ the word ＂human,＂ meaning individual human beings, was during a rather long time understood in a rather narrow sense.展开更多
China is tasked with attaining the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and facing global changes unseen in a century.To this end,a pressing task for China’s national security studies in the new era,under the gui...China is tasked with attaining the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and facing global changes unseen in a century.To this end,a pressing task for China’s national security studies in the new era,under the guidance of a holistic concept of national security,is to provide an analytical framework and scholarly insights.Seven theoretical propositions can be derived when we clarify the relationships between security level,security capability,and security threats.They are:absolute security is out of reach;growing security investment that eyes absolute security will create a security dilemma;under closed conditions,the country should put the brakes on building relative security when it achieves equilibrium security;under open conditions,hegemonic powers may generate security capabilities that exceed equilibrium security and tend to“protect”or prey on countries whose development has relatively high output efficiency rather than those whose security capabilities have relatively high output efficiency;and following separate technical routes for dealing with intentional and unintentional threats may achieve a higher security level than managing in an undifferentiated way.The“Great Yu Improvement”pattern is pivotal to“Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind”as it can transform other actors’capacity to address intentional threats into a capacity for shielding oneself against unintentional threats;and appropriate allocation of excessive security capability and stronger national system security capability are major solutions to the uncertain nature of security threats.展开更多
文摘In the process of responding to governance crises and challenges due to various biosafety and biosecurity risk factors locally and abroad,China has gradually established and improved its biosafety/biosecurity concept and governance system.This article summarizes the formation and development of the biosafety/biosecurity concept with Chinese characteristics by analyzing the evolution of China's cognition of biosafety/biosecurity risks.Under the guidance of the Chinese biosafety/biosecurity concept,the country has formed a governance system guided by national strategy and coordinated by the rule of law,system,and management.The modernization level of the biosafety/biosecurity governance system and governance capabilities has been significantly improved.Compared with international practice,China's national biosafety/biosecurity concept and governance system pay increased attention to inclusive overall planning,preventive governance,diversified governance,and international cooperation.It provides Chinese wisdom and solutions for promoting global biosafety/biosecurity governance and building a community of shared future for human biosafety/biosecurity.
文摘Introductory Remarks Nobody denies that the West was the cradle of the concept of human rights. Since the American and French revolutions of the end of the eigh- teenth century, the human rights were centered on the individual. Human rights were considered to be individual rights. However, within the expression ＂human rights,＂ the word ＂human,＂ meaning individual human beings, was during a rather long time understood in a rather narrow sense.
文摘China is tasked with attaining the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and facing global changes unseen in a century.To this end,a pressing task for China’s national security studies in the new era,under the guidance of a holistic concept of national security,is to provide an analytical framework and scholarly insights.Seven theoretical propositions can be derived when we clarify the relationships between security level,security capability,and security threats.They are:absolute security is out of reach;growing security investment that eyes absolute security will create a security dilemma;under closed conditions,the country should put the brakes on building relative security when it achieves equilibrium security;under open conditions,hegemonic powers may generate security capabilities that exceed equilibrium security and tend to“protect”or prey on countries whose development has relatively high output efficiency rather than those whose security capabilities have relatively high output efficiency;and following separate technical routes for dealing with intentional and unintentional threats may achieve a higher security level than managing in an undifferentiated way.The“Great Yu Improvement”pattern is pivotal to“Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind”as it can transform other actors’capacity to address intentional threats into a capacity for shielding oneself against unintentional threats;and appropriate allocation of excessive security capability and stronger national system security capability are major solutions to the uncertain nature of security threats.
