Exploration of the Inheritance and Innovation Carrier of National Culture in the Teaching Model of Art Design Major in Higher Vocational Colleges:Integrating Lijiang Baisha Murals into Higher Vocational Art Design Curriculum System

This study aims to further promote the inheritance and innovative development of intangible cultural heritage in Yunnan Province,promote the protection,inheritance,integration,and innovation of ethnic culture in Lijiang,strengthen the protection and inheritance of Baisha murals in Lijiang,and change the teaching of art design majors in vocational colleges in Yunnan.Given the lack of traditional Chinese culture and local ethnic culture,this article focuses on the teaching of art design majors in Yunnan vocational colleges.It explores the construction model of the cultural inheritance and innovation carrier of Lijiang Baisha murals to meet the spiritual and cultural needs of the local people,and efforts will be made to promote the high-quality development of the Baisha ethnic area in Lijiang.

NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE INNOVATION SYSTEMS: EVOLUTION, DEFINITION AND INDICATORS

The paper examines the three stages of the evolution of national innovation systems: national technology innovation systems, national innovation systems and national knowledge innovation systems. A national knowledge innovation system is a network of institutions and organizations which jointly or individually contributes to the knowledge innovation (including scientific and technical knowledge innovation). The author stresses that knowledge innovation will occur in all processes of the produc-tion, transmission and use of knowledge. There are four subsystems in this system: scientific knowledge innovation, technical knowledge innovation, knowledge trans-mission and knowledge use subsystem. The author also lists some indicators for the System.

The Evolution of China’s National Innovation System During the 40 Years of Reform and Opening Up

From the perspective of economic system transformations and scientific and technological system reforms, this paper investigates the evolution of China’s national innovation system (NIS) during the 40 years of reform and opening up. It concludes that China’s NIS has evolved from weak to strong, from a follower groping its way onto the track of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics. China’s innovation system has experienced a trajectory from “introduction and imitation of complete sets of technology” to “market for technology and imitative innovation,” to “integrated and secondary innovation” and on to “integrated, secondary, collaborative and original innovation combined.” The path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics is a natural choice of economic, societal, and technological development in the new era.

Are cities greener because of innovation?Independent innovation policy and green economic efficiency

The national independent innovation demonstration zone(NIIDZ)is an independent innovation policy that plays a crucial role in implementing strategies.Given the importance of the NIIDZ,this study uses panel data of 278 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2020 and empirically examines the effect and internal mechanism of the NIIDZ on green economic efficiency(GEE)using the difference-in-difference model(DID).The results show that the NIIDZ effectively enhances the growth of GEE,and the results remain valid through several robustness tests,such as year-by-year propensity score matching.The transmission mechanism suggests that the NIIDZ indirectly drives GEE by accelerating scientific and technological investment,promoting talent concentration,and optimizing the industrial structure.Moreover,heterogeneity analysis reveals that the promotion effect of the NIIDZ on GEE is more prominent in the eastern region and high green development level areas.The study’s findings can serve as a reference for China to further utilize the policy effectiveness of the NIIDZ and accelerate the high-quality development of the green economy in the future.

Evolving National Security: A Roadmap from Present to Future in Renewable and Nonrenewable Energy Policies (A Technical Review)

This comprehensive exploration delves into the intricate dynamics of national security policies in the realm of renewable and nonrenewable energy sources.From the present landscape characterized by the diversification of energy portfolios to the long-term vision encompassing nuclear fusion,this article navigates through the nuanced interplay of technology,resilience,and environmental responsibility.The synthesis of established nuclear fission technologies and evolving renewable sources forms the cornerstone of a strategic approach,addressing challenges and opportunities to ensure a secure,sustainable energy future.

Liver Transplantation Outcomes of HBV-,HCV-,and Alcohol-induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States:Analysis of National Inpatient Samples

Objective Liver transplantation is a current treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The United States National Inpatient Sample database was utilized to identify risk factors that influence the outcome of liver transplantation,including locoregional recurrence,distant metastasis,and in-hospital mortality,in HCC patients with concurrent hepatitis B infection,hepatitis C infection,or alcoholic cirrhosis.Methods This retrospective cohort study included HCC patients(n=2391)from the National Inpatient Sample database who underwent liver transplantation and were diagnosed with hepatitis B or C virus infection,co-infection with hepatitis B and C,or alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver between 2005 and 2014.Associations between HCC etiology and post-transplant outcomes were examined with multivariate analysis models.Results Liver cirrhosis was due to alcohol in 10.5%of patients,hepatitis B in 6.6%,hepatitis C in 10.8%,and combined hepatitis B and C infection in 24.3%.Distant metastasis was found in 16.7%of patients infected with hepatitis B and 9%of hepatitis C patients.Local recurrence of HCC was significantly more likely to occur in patients with hepatitis B than in those with alcohol-induced disease.Conclusion After liver transplantation,patients with hepatitis B infection have a higher risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis.Postoperative care and patient tracking are essential for liver transplant patients with hepatitis B infection.

Knowledge-intensive Business Services in National Innovation Systems

In order to find the roles of knowledge-intensive business services （KIBS） in the innovation activities, This paper focus on three perspectives. First, we find that KIBS possess good prerequisites to function as vehicles in innovation distribution, the sources of innovation and the facilitators of innovation in their client firms. Second, we further discuss KIBS as the knowledge and innovation infrastructure of society in parallel with the research, educational and other public institutions. Third, we present some research policies and agenda to promote the development of KIBS. It is regarded that much remains to be studied both in the use of KIBS and in their own activities, including integrating and networking the knowledge-intensive services into the client companies, the convergence of various services and closer connection with the client companies＇ strategy, and the national policies to connect the KIBS to the different sectors.

Evaluation for Innovation Ability of National Agricultural Science and Technology Parks in Jiangxi Province

Innovative ability is an important indicator for judging the effectiveness of the national agricultural science and technology park construction. Based on the statistical data of four national agricultural science and technology parks built in Jiangxi Province, this paper constructs an evaluation system consisting of three first-level indicators, eight second-level indicators and 24 three-level indicators. Based on the combined weighting method, the comprehensive scores of the innovation capabilities of the parks are obtained. It is found that the gap in innovation capability of each park is wide, and the radiation-driven function has not yet appeared. It is necessary to promote the improvement of innovation capabilities by promoting the synergy and innovation of agricultural science and technology in the park, encouraging the park to construct agricultural technology business incubators, and building and improving innovation platforms.

National Conference on Technological Innovation of Standardization Held in Beijing

Organized and hosted by the Standardization Administration of China, theNational Conference on Technological Innovation of Standardization was held in Beijing on March13th. In his speech at the conference, Mr. Li Chuanqing, Party Secretary of the GeneralAdministration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, called for the vigorousimplementation of technological standard- ization strategies to substantially elevate the overalllevel of Chinese standards.

A NATIONAL SYSTEM OF INNOVATION TO BE BUILT FOR WELCOMING THE ERA OF KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY

Editor’s note: Not long ago, CAS headquarters put forward a proposal entitled "A national innovation system (NIS) to be built up towards the era of knowledge economy (KE)" in a bid to plot a chart for China’s development in the next century. The suggestion was highly valued by the CPC Central Committee and here we publish an extracted translation of its full text.

National Innovation-Oriented City Evaluation Study Based on Two-Stage DEA Model

The research on the evaluation indicator system of innovation-oriented cities has a long history. It presents different characteristics in different countries or regions. In 2006, China proposed the national strategy to build an innovation-oriented nation and subsequently approved more than 60 pilot cities in the country. The research on China’s innovation-oriented city assessment system is also increasing. On the basis of predecessors, this paper constructs innovation-oriented city evaluation indicator system with more links based on innovation link. It has three categories with 44 indicators in total according to input, intermediate output and final output. It creatively introduces in two-stage DEA model on sharing input and constructs the evaluation model based on the above evaluation indicator system. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the innovation-oriented cities in Yangtze River Delta including Hefei, arrives at innovation efficiency difference and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the analysis results.

Contributions of the 18th CPC National Congress to Innovation and Development of Human Rights Theories

The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China （CPC） set ＂respecting and ensuring human rights＂ as an important goal of development and reform in China, thus siniciz ing the latest Marxist human rights theories and reflecting major in novations and developments made by the CPC in the field of human rights theory. I. Human Rights as a Core Idea and Important Goal of Social Development Human rights are integral to the pursuit of the core value of socialism and to the core idea of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The report of the 18th CPC National Congress summarized the new progress and experience of human rights advance ment in recent years in China by setting ＂respecting and ensuring hu man rights＂ as an important goal of China as it completes the building of a moderately prosperous society.

Village Inspiration A CPPCC National Committee member turns the fortunes of an impoverished village around with determination and innovation

On entering the mountainous vii lage of Yanbo in southwest China＇s Guizhou Province. the first thing noticeable is the flat roads and rows of new houses with cars parked in front of them. Against the hillside behind ihe houses are several bustling village run enterprises, including a distillery and poultry farms.

New Realms and New Highlights in the Legal Protection of Human Rights——Theoretical and Practical Innovations in the Legal Protection of Human Rights Since the 18th CPC National Congress

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China （CPC）, the system for the legal protection of human rignts under socialism with Chinese characteristics has experienced innowtive development. In particular, the Decision on Certain Key Issues on Comprehensively Deepening Reform, which was adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, has made major reform arrangements related to the system and mechanisms for the legal protection of human rights under socialism with Chinese characteristics. Taking the theoretical and practical innovations since the 18th CPC National Congress in the protection of human rights as its perspective, this, article discusses new realms and new highlights in the legal protection of human rights.

An Update on the Clinical Pipelines of New Antibacterial Drugs Developed in China

Antibacterial resistance is a global health threat that requires further concrete action on the part of all countries.In this context,one of the biggest concerns is whether enough new antibacterial drugs are being discovered and developed.Although several high-quality reviews on clinical antibacterial drug pipelines from a global perspective were published recently,none provides comprehensive information on original antibacterial drugs at clinical stages in China.In this review,we summarize the latest progress of novel antibacterial drugs approved for marketing and under clinical evaluation in China since 2019.Information was obtained by consulting official websites,searching commercial databases,retrieving literature,asking personnel from institutions or companies,and other means,and a considerable part of the data covered here has not been included in other reviews.As of June 30,2023,a total of 20 antibacterial projects from 17 Chinese pharmaceutical companies or developers were identified and updated.Among them,two new antibacterial drugs that belong to traditional antibiotic classes were approved by the National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)in China in 2019 and 2021,respectively,and 18 antibacterial agents are in clinical development,with one under regulatory evaluation,five in phase-3,six in phase-2,and six in phase-1.Most of the clinical candidates are new analogs or monocomponents of traditional antibacterial pharmacophore types,including two dual-acting hybrid antibiotics and a recombinant antibacterial protein.Overall,despite there being 17 antibacterial clinical candidates,our analysis indicates that there are still relatively few clinically differentiated antibacterial agents in stages of clinical development in China.Hopefully,Chinese pharmaceutical companies and institutions will develop more innovative and clinically differentiated candidates with good market potential in the future research and development(R&D)of original antibacterial drugs.

National Instruments推出Signal Express泰克版软件——NI和泰克协作推出业内最高的示波器与PC无缝连接能力

德克萨斯州奥斯汀，2006年2月14日，National Instruments（Nasdaq：NATI）推出NI SignalExpress泰克版软件。这是一种基于PC的互动测量软件，满足了设计和测试工程师希望在无需编程的情况下，在工作平台上迅速采集、分析和存档测量结果的要求。通过USB即插即用控制功能，

Examining the Experiences and Challenges of Haze-Fog Governance in China

With the rapid development of industrialisation and urbanisation, China is facing the challenge of severe HF (Haze-Fog) pollution. This essay compares the advantages and disadvantages of China’s HF management and summarizes the important lessons China can teach the rest of the world about applying this tactic. China’s capabilities in the digital economy, National Innovation Demonstration Zones, and urban innovation systems are examined in this article, along with its shortcomings in information mechanisms and pollution sources. This essay also summarizes China’s achievements, particularly regarding local autonomy. The essay goes on to say, however, that China is probably going to be under more pressure to manage HF in the future, both in terms of long-term solutions and the economy.

Thoughts on the Institutional Innovation from the Large Trading Nation to the Powerful Trading Nation

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has experienced rapid development and progress,and has gradually emerged as a large global economy and trading nation,and the import and export trade has made brilliant achievements.At the same time,however,China’s import and export trade activities still face enormous challenges and face the problem of turning the large trading nation into the powerful trading nation.Among them,institutional factors are the main obstacles restricting China’s trade development.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen institutional innovation and reform from a large trading nation to a powerful trading nation.

NIS的人才结构优化战略

一切创新来源于人才。国家创新系统中最重要的因素是人的因素。系统工程理论告诉我们 :系统的结构决定功能 ,因而国家创新系统的人才结构直接决定着国家创新系统创新能力的发挥。本文通过对国家创新系统及其人才结构的分析 ,设计了衡量人才结构优化的四个指标 。

国家创新系统(NIS)中的生产-学习系统研究

从功能、主体、动力、能力及学习特性等方面，对国家创新系统的微观基础与核心——生产－学习系统进行了深入的分析．研究指出，生产－学习系统主要包括一线工人、技术员及工程师等的日常活动，植根于这些日常活动之中的“干中学”、“用中学”所形成的知识，是渐进创新的重要投入；系统的动力源于制度设定与技术发展特性２个方面，其能力主要取决于各个层次上对个体的教育及培训、系统对个体能力的有效配置。