Strategic Direction of Russia Interpreted from Its New National Security Strategy

In July 2021,Russia unveiled its new National Security Strategy,which is a considerably updated version compared with the previous one and hence presents several new features.For instance,it further stresses that security should be prioritized over other aspects;it gives more attention to the chaotic aspects of order change in its assessment of the international situation;it highlights the threats from the West;and it places increased emphasis on domestic capacity building as a means for safeguarding national security.From the content of the new Strategy as well as Russia’s policies in recent years,the strategy of Russia for the foreseeable future can be generally characterized as inward-looking.Domestically,its policies will become more conservative;diplomatically,it will take up a defensive position;and economically,it will increasingly emphasize security and selfreliance.In other words,several issues that were previously overlooked will be given attention.However,strategic introversion does not mean that Russia will invest all its energy in defense.Instead,Russia will build up strength for changes that lie ahead.With the expected strategic introversion,Russia will fnd difculty in making breakthroughs in terms of its relations with the West;the China-Russia relations will continue on the path of steady development;and Russia will place greater importance to the balance of power among major countries.

India’s National Security Strategy:Pursuits,Origins,and Practice

India has upheld extremely rich practices of national security since its founding as a republic because of its unique geo-environmental features, historical legacies, and traditional cultures, which reflect a type of national security strategy that has distinct Indian characteristics. Generally, successive governments in India have followed the basic principles articulated in Kautilya’s Arthasastra and various security practices adopted during the British Raj. India’s national security strategies are based on an internal logic of geopolitical rivalry and changes in international scenarios, and they are strongly influenced by Hindu traditions and the “Sad-Dharma” purported by King Ashoka. The objective is to create an India-dominated security order in the South Asian subcontinent, which persistently builds its capacity and system as a “net security provider” in the Indian Ocean Rim. Moreover, India is vigorously expanding its network of influence in the Pacific region in an effort to become a world leading power that enjoys a high level of strategic autonomy.

Industrial Ecosystem and the Development of Strategic Emerging Industries

Based on the theories of business ecosystem and national innovation system, this paper proposes a concept of industrial ecosystem. Differ from ecologists and environmentalists who regard industrial ecosystem as the natural ecosystems in which material, energy and information circulates, this paper defines industrial ecosystem as a set of factors that are vital to the development of a certain industry and their interrelationship. The industrial ecosystem consists of three sub-systems that are innovation ecosystem, production ecosystem, and application ecosystem, and subsidiary factors that include factor supply, infrastructure, socio-cultural environment, international environment and policy system. The industrial ecosystem is characterized by interdependencies, complex interactions, self-recovery and co-evolution. The development of an industry is＇ the result of the reaction of the whole industrial ecosystem; therefore, the competition in strategic emerging industries among countries is in essence the competition in industrial ecosystems. Those countries which are able to take the lead in setting up complete industrial ecosystem will occupy advantage in developing strategic emerging industries. Cultivating and developing strategic emerging industries requires promoting the development and coordination of the whole ecosystem.

Chinese Overseas Enterprises and Construction of China＇ s National Image

National image is an important component of national interests and a key indicator of a country's comprehensive strength. National image is also an integral part of a country's foreign strategy. With further promotion of the going global strategy, Chinese overseas enterprises have become important participants in globalization and thus major actors shaping China's national image. However, several overseas enterprises have adversely affected China's national image due to lack of cooperation, lack of legal concepts, lack of environmental awareness, ignorance of social responsibility and cultural differences. To this end, the Chinese government should focus on raising awareness among overseas enterprises about national image, establishing a clear mechanism for the entry and exit of overseas enterprises, fostering publicity among overseas enterprises, strengthening the guidance of overseas enterprises in performing their duties, and guiding Chinese overseas enterprises to actively and effectively shape a responsible national image.

Sustainable development and geospatial information:a strategic framework for integrating a global policy agenda into national geospatial capabilities

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides a new global policy to guide the way countries collectively manage and transform the social,economic,and environmental dimensions of people and the planet over the next 15 years.Achieving sustainable development presents all countries and the global policy community with a set of significant development challenges that are almost entirely geographic in nature.Many of the issues impacting sustainable development can be analyzed,modeled,and mapped within a geographic context,which in turn can provide the integrative framework necessary for global collaboration,consensus and evidence-based decision-making.However,and despite significant advances in geospatial information technologies,there is a lack of awareness,understanding and uptake,particular at the policy and decision-making level,of the vital and integrative role of geospatial information and related enabling architectures such as National Spatial Data Infrastructures.This paper reasons that the role of geospatial information in contributing to sustainable development has not adequately been described by either the sustainable development policy practice or by the geospatial professional community.This lack of policy and guidance,with commensurate critical gaps and connection points with national geospatial frameworks,is a visible impediment to developing countries and those most affected by the challenges and need to achieve sustainable development.The global geospatial community now has a unique opportunity to integrate and connect geospatial information into the global development agenda in a more holistic and sustainable manner,specifically in contributing their data resources toward measuring and monitoring the 17 Sustainable Development Goals,and their 169 associated targets,through the global indicator framework that anchors the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.This paper introduces and discusses a new strategic framework for linking a global policy to national geospatial capabilities.

The Enabling and Constraining Nationalist Discourse and Effects of Strategic Narratives： China＇s Foreign Relations

This paper examines the projection and reception of strategic narratives in the realm of Chinese nationalism and the impact of contemporary official nationalist discourse on Beijing＇s foreign policy making. Within the analytic framework of political symbolism, the paper dissects the divergent national identities reflective in different semantic and syntactic relationships inherent in the state-crafted historical narratives in contemporary China. In the post-Tiananmen era, the signification of the traumatic symbol of national humiliation in modem Chinese history, projected in the form of strategic narratives by the Party-state in patriotic education, has given rise to a societal force that threatens to internalize the historical conflicts on the foreign relations fi：ont. The counter-effect of strategic narratives, which has constrained the rationality of the state＇s foreign policy making, implies that collective memory is not an on^ztemand resource for the authoritarian regime to exploit to enhance its legitimacy. The relationship between the Chinese state and society as the constructor and consumer of communicative nationalism cannot be simplistically dichotomized.

生涯教育的国家行动:国际经验及我国战略应对

在当前落实立德树人根本任务、全面发展素质教育的大背景下,加强生涯教育具有重要的战略意义:是培养对国家、对社会、对民族真正有用人才的需要,是促进人终身发展、全面发展、个性发展的需要,是保障育人方式转变和新高考改革顺利推进的需要,也是应对百年未有之大变局和全球产业竞争的需要。成功推行生涯教育,需要国家层面强有力的保障和支持,国外将发展生涯教育上升为国家行动,强化立法保障与政策支持,强化组织保障与经费支持,强化顶层设计与战略指导,强化平台建设与公共服务提供,强化机制建立与环境氛围营造,强化师资队伍建设与专业发展,从而推动生涯教育在本国蓬勃有效地开展。借鉴国际经验,从我国实际出发,为使我国生涯教育走出当前困境,应从战略上提升对生涯教育的认识,增强社会认同;坚持立法先行,建立健全相关法律;加强组织机构建设,为推进生涯教育提供组织保障;建立长效机制,破解学校生涯教育面对的缺乏经费、师资以及职业体验机会等难题;强化战略指导,提供基本公共服务,完善对学校的考核评价。

新时代职业教育服务国家重大战略的价值向度

新时代背景下,职业教育的战略功能就是其服务国家战略的能力,不同层次的职业教育在服务国家重大战略上各自具有独特的价值意义。服务国家战略是新时代职业教育发展的内在要求,服务国家现代化发展、实现职业教育内涵式发展、深化职业教育实践性发展是职业教育服务国家重大战略的三个基本价值向度。要着重把握新时代职业教育服务国家战略的功能表现形态,并在技术技能人才培养、产业对接与技术创新、职教文化传承等关键领域主动融入国家战略并准确把握自身定位,有效提升服务国家重大战略的能力和质量。

国家战略腹地建设的内涵特征、重大意义和推进策略

面对复杂的国际政治环境和全球产业竞争,立足我国新发展阶段的新特征,我国亟需尽快优化调整重大生产力布局,在广大中西部内陆腹地拓展战略纵深,夯实国家安全基石。2023年12月中央经济工作会议首次提出“建设国家战略腹地”的战略构想,为优化重大生产力布局,保障我国国家安全创造了条件。“国家战略腹地”是相对于前沿地区而言,能为前沿地区提供强大支撑的战略后方,主要是指围绕我国东部沿海起着稳定后方并服务国家战略安全的中西部内陆城市群或相应地区。“国家战略腹地”概念首次在国家层面提出,是党中央从国家发展大局去考量和谋划的,相比其他重大区域战略,国家战略腹地具备地理区位的枢纽性、经济发展的强大韧性、创新发展的引擎性、城市文化的凝聚性等基本特征。从我国区域经济发展史看,“三线建设”“区域协调发展战略”在不同历史时期承担了优化重大生产力布局、维护“大后方”的使命任务,国家战略后方作为新时代“大后方”概念,在新时代语境下自然也被寄予历史重任。进言之,加快推进国家战略腹地建设是当前应对百年大变局的应有之义、构建新发展格局的乘势之举和优化重大生产力布局的破题之策,唯有以自身的确定性应对外部的不确定性,才能把握战略主动。为把战略决策和预期目标变为现实结果,国家战略腹地建设必须系统推进。通过完善战略规划顶层设计、统筹战略物资储备建设、强化战略科技力量支撑、打造战略产业备份基地和建设战略运力空间网络,使之成为我国经济发展的新的增长极和动力源,不断推进新时代大后方高质量发展和高水平安全建设。

体育强国建设背景下中国冰雪运动发展研究

在建成社会主义现代化体育强国目标引领下,中国冰雪运动发展需要运用好北京2022冬奥会遗产,加快建设冰雪运动强国。文章将新发展理念贯穿于我国冰雪运动发展全过程,对标《体育强国建设纲要》的五项战略任务,通过对我国群众冰雪运动、竞技冰雪运动、冰雪体育产业发展现状进行审视,提出如下推进策略:(1)群众冰雪运动要完善冰雪运动普及推广,助力健康中国战略;(2)竞技冰雪运动要提高冬季项目整体竞技实力,增强为国争光能力;(3)冰雪体育产业要加快冰雪体育产业运营效率,培育经济发展动力;(4)冰雪体育文化要促进冰雪运动文化传承,弘扬中华体育精神;(5)冰雪国际交流要加强冰雪交流合作,服务中国特色大国外交。

权力与价值的博弈:国际传播战略模型研究

在国际交往日益频繁、国际竞争持续深入的当下,国际传播成为各国取得竞争优势的重要一极。与传统意义上以大众媒介为主要场域不同,广义国际传播包括主体和对象之间一切因为互动引发的信息交换行为,深刻作用于参与者的国际权力地位和文明影响能力。因此,国际传播战略制定的意义重大,必须反映国际竞争的全局性、系统性和长期性。基于此,从现实主义和建构主义出发,将国家综合实力与广义文化近似程度确定为国际传播战略模型(受众矩阵)的横纵坐标,从而区隔出四个象限,各自衍生出一种国际传播战略。首先是综合实力强、广义文化相近的“同源与责任战略”,强调和突出国际传播主体与对象同文同种的“自我认同”,渲染强大前者在同文化圈领导或核心的负责任国家形象;其次是综合实力强、广义文化相异的“标杆与说服战略”,即文化相异、综合实力较强的国际传播主体应努力跨越文化鸿沟,示范和说服国际传播对象明确认识和接受这一事实并开展建设性交流和实质性合作;再次是综合实力弱、广义文化相近的“共情与跟随战略”,也就是在“同文化、弱实力”比较条件下,主体通过国际传播强调双方广义文化近似程度并清晰表达“跟随”战略意图,引发受众共情效应,从而最大化保护国家安全和其他重要利益;最后是综合实力弱、广义文化相异的“互利与展演战略”,即以普世性利益为交流合作切入点、以不同文化共鸣之处为展演,弱势方通过国际传播使强势方认可其国家形象并接受合作诚意。

The ‘Development Plan of National Strategic Emerging Industries Promotes Breakthrough Development of High-end Equipment and New Material Industry

The State Council recently printed and distributed the Notice on the‘Development Plan of National Strategic Emerging Industries for the'Thirteenth Five Year Plan'’(The Plan),which made overall deployment and arrangement for development target,key tasks,

战略人才力量:认识、问题与政策建议

战略人才力量是具备科技创新能力,从事对国家安全和经济社会发展具有重大、长远、全局性影响的科技活动,并做出贡献的各层次科技人才,其构成处于不断发展和变化过程中,具有战略性、层次性、体系性、多样性、开放与动态性等特征。国家战略人才力量和国家战略科技力量都是国家战略力量的重要组成部分,但二者是交叉关系而不是包含关系。当前中国战略人才力量建设面临诸多挑战,建议优化战略科学家的培养和遴选机制、健全科技领军人才和创新团队的集聚保障机制、加大对青年科技人才的支持力度、加强卓越工程师创新实践能力培养,加快建设国家战略人才力量。

新质生产力背景下的国家战略科技力量建设

在新质生产力背景下,不断推动我国科技创新从跟踪、集成式创新向原始性、颠覆性创新转变是国家战略科技力量建设的题中应有之义。出于新质生产力的发展需求,国家战略科技力量的建设逻辑应从创新驱动发展演进为更强调通过前沿技术和颠覆性技术突破来引领产业变革和经济发展的创新引领发展。基于这一逻辑转变,国家战略科技力量应不断推动我国科技创新从跟踪、集成式创新向原始性、颠覆性创新转变,基于原始创新和颠覆性创新,着力构建现代化产业体系,尤其是培育和发展未来产业。实践中,新质生产力背景下国家战略科技力量建设的重点任务包括培育以先导能力为核心的可持续竞争优势、围绕产业创新强化创新联合体建设,以及深化体制机制改革强化基础保障。

成渝地区双城经济圈国家战略腹地建设的内在逻辑、现实基础与路径选择

加强国家战略腹地建设是落实党的二十大作出“以新安全格局保障新发展格局”的战略部署,彰显了党中央统筹实现高质量发展和高水平安全动态平衡的重大战略考量。作为国家明确的战略腹地,同时叠加城市群成为区域发展的空间极核点与要素承载地的发展趋势,成渝地区双城经济圈主动服务和融入新时代国家战略腹地建设意义重大。“国家战略腹地”是邻近国家级的极核或先行地区,拥有经济高质量发展的基础和产业承接能力,能在一般或特殊时期支撑总体经济运行、承接产业转移、提供资源供给及保障生态安全,服务国家战略全局发展的内陆纵深区域。“国家战略腹地核心承载区”是成渝地区双城经济圈在国家战略腹地建设中的重要定位,担负着“以一域谋全局”的高质量发展价值追求,凝结了党中央统筹高质量发展和高水平安全的价值属性,是局部性和系统性并存的关键空间,是带动广大战略腹地高质量发展的重要增长极和新的动力源。新时代国家战略腹地核心承载区应具备经济组织活跃、产业部类齐备、要素供给充足、基础设施完善等发展优势。当前,成渝地区双城经济圈领有“扎实完备”的发展基础及产业体系、领有“保链稳链”的关键科技创新实力、具有“服务大局”的产业备份承接能力、富有“平战结合”的要素供应和设施支撑,已具备打造新时代国家战略腹地核心承载区的比较优势;但同时也存在区域空间结构发育不完全、高科技成果转化效能不强、区内产业同质化和显示度弱等薄弱环节。未来,成渝地区双城经济圈要以战略思维建设国家重要战略产业备份基地、以创新思维培育自主创新的区域创新体系与模式、以底线思维打造保障国家重要初级产品供给战略基地、以极限思维完善“平急转换”“平战结合”产业体系,努力打造新时代国家战略腹地核心承载区。

Hainan to Promote the Exploration and Development of National Strategic Minerals and Prohibit the Mining of Rare Earth Metals

The Land and Resources Department of Hainan Province said on November 10 that the Overall Mineral Resources Plan of Hainan Province(2016-2020)(hereinafter referred to as the'Plan')has gone into effect with the approval of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and that the province will strongly promote the exploration and development of

超大规模市场:作为一种战略资源及其辩证利用

大国的经济发展具有独特的优势,其拥有的超大规模市场可以成为经济发展的战略资源。像中国这样的发展中大国所具有的超大规模市场既可以为我所用,也可能为竞争对手所用,特别是在开放条件下的辩证利用需要深入探讨。超大规模市场优势的发挥并不是外生给定的,而是需要国家内生的创造。本文对超大规模市场优势的概念进行学理辨析和界定,在此基础上论证其作为一种国家推动经济发展的战略资源,对其辩证利用的三重意涵进行阐释:一是超大规模市场利用种类繁多的市场节点培育消费需求,促进内部分工深化,通过产业间的互为供求培育本土企业的创新能力;二是超大规模市场亦可使本土企业倚仗巨大的市场规模而产生懈怠心理,削弱企业家精神;三是超大规模市场如果被外国企业利用,则会阻碍本土企业的创新与发展。因此,发挥好中国超大规模市场优势,需要充分发挥消费者的力量,同时也要积极培育具有全球竞争力的本土企业并制定符合中国国情的对外开放战略。

网络空间战略欺骗研究

[研究目的]为有效维护国家主权、安全和发展,有必要对网络空间战略欺骗展开全面系统的研究。[研究方法]运用文献分析、系统工程学等相关方法,对网络空间战略欺骗的基本涵、制胜机理和影响因素进行了研究。[研究结论]研究表明,要将国家战略作为统筹网络空间情报欺骗的根本指引,高度重视新兴技术的赋能增效功能,将认知进化作为夺取欺骗主动权的关键要素,建立基于欺骗效果的评估模式和构建人-机高质量交互模式。