The primary discussion in this article is the classification of the typical reactions of social groups in various nations as nationalist and globalist.Subject to the new coronavirus pandemic,nationalists have adopted ...The primary discussion in this article is the classification of the typical reactions of social groups in various nations as nationalist and globalist.Subject to the new coronavirus pandemic,nationalists have adopted extreme national security policies,namely,“the nation’s interests prevails;”globalists have adopted moderate policies by complying with the faith of society in the recommendations of the scientific community.The disparate contrasts in values and actions between the two groups are extensively manifested in domestic disease control,attitude toward the World Health Organization,identification of the disease’s source,vaccine research,international cooperation,and social reaction.This research indicates that nationalists largely consist of conservative country leaders,“social elites,”populists,and individuals in the middle-lower class,many of whom uphold racism and extreme nationalism,and that globalists largely consist of international organizations and regional leaders,medical practitioners,intellectuals andphilanthropic entrepreneurs,the middleupper class population.This social group distinction is clarified in accordance with converse ethical value perspectives,ideologies,social group-economic interests,and even national competition positions.Regarding cultural and institutional basics,nationalists uphold neoliberalism,social Darwinism,the law of jungle,and individualism,whereas globalists advocate for social democracy and collectivistic ethnic codes.The two parties have been competing for the high moral ground during and the pandemic,thereby profoundly affecting the relationships of nations worldwide.展开更多
One of the most important factors impacting the development of today’s private higher education in China is that there are not enough policies to support it.Then,the history of private higher education in Nanjing Nat...One of the most important factors impacting the development of today’s private higher education in China is that there are not enough policies to support it.Then,the history of private higher education in Nanjing Nationalist Government （19271949） is focused on.展开更多
Chengting Thomas WANG, a Christian went on to be an important Chinese Diplomat. Then after his diplomatic career had ended he focused on his religious beliefs. In the course of this process, he transformed from a nati...Chengting Thomas WANG, a Christian went on to be an important Chinese Diplomat. Then after his diplomatic career had ended he focused on his religious beliefs. In the course of this process, he transformed from a nationalist to an internationalist. As a nationalist he represented the interests of China, opposing Western Powers unequal treaties on China. As an internationalist his response to the Peace advocates in Western countries during the two world wars initiated in him taking the route of international cooperation to combat the rise of communism in China. Chengting Thomas WANG changed to an international activists, from nationalists, had very little benefit for his own country.展开更多
Football is a sports branch comprising a ＂human＂ factor with different aspects, such as intelligence, intuition, will, character, struggle, spectators, and balance. With the created global economic market, football ...Football is a sports branch comprising a ＂human＂ factor with different aspects, such as intelligence, intuition, will, character, struggle, spectators, and balance. With the created global economic market, football is an indispensable part of our lives. It entices the masses, plays an effective role in the socio-economic destinies of societies, and directs the mass psychology of societies negatively and/or positively. The success that football clubs in Turkey attained recently in Europe and the third standing that our national football team gained in 2002 have accentuated the relationship between the printed football media and football. Today, Turkish sports journalism sometimes tends to exploit the emotions and encourages the discourses inciting violence and biases to get more readers （to increase the circulation rate） and guarantee the continuation of the attention. Many words expressing militarism are used in the headlines of sports news. In these articles, the footballers are depicted as alert soldiers and the teams as troops conditioned to victory. In the frame of both national matches and the European Cups, the militaristic elements are used through nationalistic discourses in the sports news of the printed media. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the presentation and quantity of the militaristic elements used in the news on football in newspapers. The news in the Milliyet, as a mainstream newspaper, issued in two periods, namely after the 2002 World Cup （November 1-December 31, 2002） and today （February l-March 30, 2008） will be studied through the discourse analysis method with respect to the headlines and contents. Therefore, the comments and the ideas of columnists will be excluded from the scope of this study.展开更多
The study focused on the elements of nationalist consciousness as the language of indifference in Philippine literature through the works of select contemporary Filipino writers.Identified masterpieces of the Don Carl...The study focused on the elements of nationalist consciousness as the language of indifference in Philippine literature through the works of select contemporary Filipino writers.Identified masterpieces of the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature 1 awardees that have Marxist tendencies were evaluated using the Marxist Literary Approach to identify the elements of nationalist consciousness and to deduce the implications on the relationship of literature and society.The elements of nationalist consciousness were identified by taking in consideration the main struggles of the characters which were revealed in the characters’lines.These were classified using a researcher-made checklist.Common and recurring themes like class struggle,injustice,wanton disregard for human worth,indifference,moral degradation,political unrest,insurgency,inequality,exploitation,harassment,police brutality,poverty,and violence were considered negative elements as they mirror the struggles of the oppressed and abused characters.The significant contribution of the study lies in its richness in values,realities,and insights into human experiences as it ascertained the socio-economic problems embedded in the works.Evidently as concluded,reforms,justice,and true peace were found absent in the works and these were the essential values that the characters and personas tried to find as they relate with other characters.Fundamentally,literature and society are inseparable and that literary prisms can be vehicles of change in the society.展开更多
By the 1930s, a variety of forces were chipping away at the traditional Chinese wedding in urban centers like Shanghai. ＂New-style＂ weddings--with a bride in a white wedding dress--took place outside of the home and...By the 1930s, a variety of forces were chipping away at the traditional Chinese wedding in urban centers like Shanghai. ＂New-style＂ weddings--with a bride in a white wedding dress--took place outside of the home and featured networks of friends, choice of one＇s spouse, autonomy from one＇s parents, and the promise of happiness and independence. With the publication of wedding portraits and detailed discussions of new-style wedding etiquette and its trappings, women＇s magazines further shaped the new-style bride as a consumer and an individual. Early reformers had envisioned the new-style ceremony as a streamlined and affordable alternative to traditional ceremonies, but for most city residents these weddings remained out of reach. After the Nationalist consolidation of power in 1928, Shanghai was deemed a crucial site for the promotion of ritual reform and economic restraint. Weddings were at the crux of this movement, which was buttressed by the Civil Code of 1931 allowing children to legally marry without parental consent. New Life Movement group weddings came next. These ceremonies co-opted urban wedding culture in an attempt to frame the new-style wedding as a ritual of politicized citizenship under the Nationalist government. The tension between the popular, commercial, new-style wedding and the Nationalists＇ Spartan political vision, as played out in the market, is examined below.展开更多
In the 1939 New County Reforms, the Nationalist government made the baojia system the lowest level of self-government in the country. This decision was the result of more than ten years of discussion among Nationalist...In the 1939 New County Reforms, the Nationalist government made the baojia system the lowest level of self-government in the country. This decision was the result of more than ten years of discussion among Nationalist administrators and writers who were searching for a tutelary system to train the people in their political rights in preparation for constitutional rule. In the 1920s and 1930s, Nationalist writers claimed to be following Sun Zhongshan＇s （Sun Yat-sen） philosophy by reinventing the baojia as a form of democracy. Harkening back to a reimagined national past, they ＂discovered＂ that the imperial baojia was not a system of local control, but a traditional model of bureaucratically-designed local self-government. Nationalist writers dovetailed this new baojia with Sun Zhongshan＇s philosophy in order to rationalize its position as the foundation of the Three Principles of the People State. Once philosophically legitimized, Nationalist writers endorsed the baojia as a top-down bureaucratic system that would transform the political, social, and economic life of the country; it would become the core political unit of their state-making and nation-building projects. In so doing, the baojia came to represent the Nationalists＇ deeply-held belief in the power of human agency to create state institutions capable of entirely remaking society and transforming the nation.展开更多
AT the beginning of the 20th century, China was undergoing a great social change with the start of the democratic revolution against the Qing Dynasty, China’s last feudal state (1644-1911). At the same time, a group ...AT the beginning of the 20th century, China was undergoing a great social change with the start of the democratic revolution against the Qing Dynasty, China’s last feudal state (1644-1911). At the same time, a group of women intellectuals was emerging and growing with the development of women’s education in China. They embraced the ideals of democracy and equality between the sexes and actively took展开更多
文摘The primary discussion in this article is the classification of the typical reactions of social groups in various nations as nationalist and globalist.Subject to the new coronavirus pandemic,nationalists have adopted extreme national security policies,namely,“the nation’s interests prevails;”globalists have adopted moderate policies by complying with the faith of society in the recommendations of the scientific community.The disparate contrasts in values and actions between the two groups are extensively manifested in domestic disease control,attitude toward the World Health Organization,identification of the disease’s source,vaccine research,international cooperation,and social reaction.This research indicates that nationalists largely consist of conservative country leaders,“social elites,”populists,and individuals in the middle-lower class,many of whom uphold racism and extreme nationalism,and that globalists largely consist of international organizations and regional leaders,medical practitioners,intellectuals andphilanthropic entrepreneurs,the middleupper class population.This social group distinction is clarified in accordance with converse ethical value perspectives,ideologies,social group-economic interests,and even national competition positions.Regarding cultural and institutional basics,nationalists uphold neoliberalism,social Darwinism,the law of jungle,and individualism,whereas globalists advocate for social democracy and collectivistic ethnic codes.The two parties have been competing for the high moral ground during and the pandemic,thereby profoundly affecting the relationships of nations worldwide.
文摘One of the most important factors impacting the development of today’s private higher education in China is that there are not enough policies to support it.Then,the history of private higher education in Nanjing Nationalist Government （19271949） is focused on.
文摘Chengting Thomas WANG, a Christian went on to be an important Chinese Diplomat. Then after his diplomatic career had ended he focused on his religious beliefs. In the course of this process, he transformed from a nationalist to an internationalist. As a nationalist he represented the interests of China, opposing Western Powers unequal treaties on China. As an internationalist his response to the Peace advocates in Western countries during the two world wars initiated in him taking the route of international cooperation to combat the rise of communism in China. Chengting Thomas WANG changed to an international activists, from nationalists, had very little benefit for his own country.
文摘Football is a sports branch comprising a ＂human＂ factor with different aspects, such as intelligence, intuition, will, character, struggle, spectators, and balance. With the created global economic market, football is an indispensable part of our lives. It entices the masses, plays an effective role in the socio-economic destinies of societies, and directs the mass psychology of societies negatively and/or positively. The success that football clubs in Turkey attained recently in Europe and the third standing that our national football team gained in 2002 have accentuated the relationship between the printed football media and football. Today, Turkish sports journalism sometimes tends to exploit the emotions and encourages the discourses inciting violence and biases to get more readers （to increase the circulation rate） and guarantee the continuation of the attention. Many words expressing militarism are used in the headlines of sports news. In these articles, the footballers are depicted as alert soldiers and the teams as troops conditioned to victory. In the frame of both national matches and the European Cups, the militaristic elements are used through nationalistic discourses in the sports news of the printed media. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the presentation and quantity of the militaristic elements used in the news on football in newspapers. The news in the Milliyet, as a mainstream newspaper, issued in two periods, namely after the 2002 World Cup （November 1-December 31, 2002） and today （February l-March 30, 2008） will be studied through the discourse analysis method with respect to the headlines and contents. Therefore, the comments and the ideas of columnists will be excluded from the scope of this study.
文摘The study focused on the elements of nationalist consciousness as the language of indifference in Philippine literature through the works of select contemporary Filipino writers.Identified masterpieces of the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature 1 awardees that have Marxist tendencies were evaluated using the Marxist Literary Approach to identify the elements of nationalist consciousness and to deduce the implications on the relationship of literature and society.The elements of nationalist consciousness were identified by taking in consideration the main struggles of the characters which were revealed in the characters’lines.These were classified using a researcher-made checklist.Common and recurring themes like class struggle,injustice,wanton disregard for human worth,indifference,moral degradation,political unrest,insurgency,inequality,exploitation,harassment,police brutality,poverty,and violence were considered negative elements as they mirror the struggles of the oppressed and abused characters.The significant contribution of the study lies in its richness in values,realities,and insights into human experiences as it ascertained the socio-economic problems embedded in the works.Evidently as concluded,reforms,justice,and true peace were found absent in the works and these were the essential values that the characters and personas tried to find as they relate with other characters.Fundamentally,literature and society are inseparable and that literary prisms can be vehicles of change in the society.
文摘By the 1930s, a variety of forces were chipping away at the traditional Chinese wedding in urban centers like Shanghai. ＂New-style＂ weddings--with a bride in a white wedding dress--took place outside of the home and featured networks of friends, choice of one＇s spouse, autonomy from one＇s parents, and the promise of happiness and independence. With the publication of wedding portraits and detailed discussions of new-style wedding etiquette and its trappings, women＇s magazines further shaped the new-style bride as a consumer and an individual. Early reformers had envisioned the new-style ceremony as a streamlined and affordable alternative to traditional ceremonies, but for most city residents these weddings remained out of reach. After the Nationalist consolidation of power in 1928, Shanghai was deemed a crucial site for the promotion of ritual reform and economic restraint. Weddings were at the crux of this movement, which was buttressed by the Civil Code of 1931 allowing children to legally marry without parental consent. New Life Movement group weddings came next. These ceremonies co-opted urban wedding culture in an attempt to frame the new-style wedding as a ritual of politicized citizenship under the Nationalist government. The tension between the popular, commercial, new-style wedding and the Nationalists＇ Spartan political vision, as played out in the market, is examined below.
文摘In the 1939 New County Reforms, the Nationalist government made the baojia system the lowest level of self-government in the country. This decision was the result of more than ten years of discussion among Nationalist administrators and writers who were searching for a tutelary system to train the people in their political rights in preparation for constitutional rule. In the 1920s and 1930s, Nationalist writers claimed to be following Sun Zhongshan＇s （Sun Yat-sen） philosophy by reinventing the baojia as a form of democracy. Harkening back to a reimagined national past, they ＂discovered＂ that the imperial baojia was not a system of local control, but a traditional model of bureaucratically-designed local self-government. Nationalist writers dovetailed this new baojia with Sun Zhongshan＇s philosophy in order to rationalize its position as the foundation of the Three Principles of the People State. Once philosophically legitimized, Nationalist writers endorsed the baojia as a top-down bureaucratic system that would transform the political, social, and economic life of the country; it would become the core political unit of their state-making and nation-building projects. In so doing, the baojia came to represent the Nationalists＇ deeply-held belief in the power of human agency to create state institutions capable of entirely remaking society and transforming the nation.
文摘AT the beginning of the 20th century, China was undergoing a great social change with the start of the democratic revolution against the Qing Dynasty, China’s last feudal state (1644-1911). At the same time, a group of women intellectuals was emerging and growing with the development of women’s education in China. They embraced the ideals of democracy and equality between the sexes and actively took
