Investigation on Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Pb and Cd fractions in the natural surface coating samples and surficial sediments in the Songhua River,China

Natural surface coating samples （NSCSs） from the surface of shingles and surficial sediments （SSs） in the Songhua River, China were employed to investigate the relationship between NSCSs and SSs in fractions of heavy metals （Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd） using the modified sequential extraction procedure （MSEP）. The results show that the differences between NSCSs and SSs in Fe fi＇actions were insignificant and Fe was dominantly present as residual phase （76.22% for NSCSs and 80.88% for SSs） and Fe-oxides phase （20.33% for NSCSs and 16.15% for SSs）. Significant variation of Mn distribution patterns between NSCSs and SSs was observed with Mn in NSCSs mainly present in Mn-oxides phase （48.27%） and that in SSs present as residual phase （45.44%）. Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd were found dominantly in residual fractions （〉48%）, and next in solid oxides/hydroxides for Zn, Pb and Cd and in easily oxidizable solids/compounds form for Cu, respectively. The heavy metal distribution patterns implied that Fe/Mn oxides both in NSCSs and SSs were more important sinks for binding and adsorption of Zn, Pb and Cd than organic matter （OM）, and inversely, higher affinity of Cu to OM than Fe/Mn oxides in NSCSs and SSs was obtained. Meanwhile, it was found that the distributions of heavy metals in NSCSs and SSs were similar to each other and the pseudo-total concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in NSCSs were greater than those in SSs, highlighting the more importance for NSCSs than SSs in controlling behaviours of heavy metals in aquatic environments.

Thermal Annealing Characteristics of Detrital Zircon Fission Track Obtained from Natural Borehole Samples

Previous studies proposed thermal simulation experiment to investigate the annealing characteristics of fission tracks in igneous zircon samples.However,basic research about detrital zircon fission track was relatively weak.This study discussed the initial track length,annealing temperature and annealing model of zircon fission track by using the measured track lengths obtained from natural borehole samples in the sedimentary basins with different thermal background.The results show that the initial track length of zircon fission track is 12.97 μm.The total annealing temperature(Ttotal) of zircon fission track derived from the evolutionary curve of the mean track lengths is approximately 400 ℃.The temperature ranges of 120-230 ℃ corresponds to the partial annealing zone(PAZ),and is lower than the range obtained through thermal annealing experiments.The annealing model is modified based on the measured track lengths.In addition,a functional formula about the mean track length,annealing temperature,and geological time is proposed,and the fitted values of track lengths consist with the measured track lengths in this study.By properly understanding the initial track length and annealing behavior of zircon fission track can provide a significant guidance for the study of hydrocarbon accumulation in sedimentary basins.

Study of the closure temperature of(U-Th)/He in detrital zircon obtained from natural evolution samples

Zircon(U-Th)/He thermochronometry was used as an effective indicator to study the thermal history of deep sedimentary basins with high temperatures.Zircon He ages and closure temperatures are very important parameters.In this paper,detrital zircon He closure temperature was studied by establishing the evolutionary pattern between zircon He ages and burial depth of borehole samples obtained from the Cenozoic strata in the Bohai Bay and Tarim basins,which have different thermal settings.The results show that the zircon He closure temperature of natural evolution samples is 200℃,which is higher than the temperature obtained from thermal simulation experiments(183℃).The temperature range of 140-200℃corresponds to the zircon helium partial retention zone.By properly understanding zircon He closure temperatures,zircon(U-Th)/He thermochronometry can provide a correct explanation of the He ages,and significant guidance in the study of the evolution of source rocks and the process of hydrocarbon accumulation in deep sedimentary basins.