Electro-optical properties cholesteric liquid of polymer stabilized crystal film＊

Liquid crystals （LCs） and polymers are extensively used in various electro-optical applications. In this paper, normal mode polymer stabilized cholesteric LC film is prepared and studied. The effects of chiral dopant and monomer concentrations on the electro-optical properties, such as contrast ratio, driving voltage, hysteresis width and response time, are investigated. The reasons of electro-optical properties influenced by the concentrations of the materials are discussed. Through the proper material recipe, the electro-optical properties of polymer stabilized cholesteric LC film can be optimized.

Electro-optical properties of high birefringence liquid crystal compounds with isothiocyanate and naphthyl group

Liquid crystal（LC） compound with isothiocyanate and naphthyl group is an attractive high birefringence LC material,and can be used in optical devices. In this paper, the electro-optical properties of a series of this type of LC compounds were investigated. The melting points and enthalpy values of these LC compounds were higher than those of corresponding compounds with the phenyl group. These compounds exhibited high birefringence with a maximum value of 0.66. Fluorine substitution in the molecular almost does not affect the birefringence value. When these LC compounds with the naphthyl group were dissolved in a commercial LC mixture, the electro-optical properties depending on temperature were investigated. In the low-temperature region, LC mixtures with the naphthyl-group LC compounds exhibited higher viscosity than pure commercial LCs. In the high-temperature region, viscosity values very closely approached each other. When response performance was investigated, figure-of-merit（FoM） values were measured. The Fo M values of LC mixtures containing LC compounds with naphthyl group were lower than those of reference benzene LCs in the low-temperature region. However, in the high-temperature region, the results were reversed. These isothiocyanate LC compounds with naphthyl group can be applied in special fast-response LC device, particularly the ones used under high-temperature conditions.

Electro-optical properties and(E,F) phase diagram of fluorinated chiral smectic liquid crystals

Fluorinated smectic liquid crystals each with a biphenyl benzoate rigid core are investigated. Molecular structures of the studied compounds have difference only in fluorine position and the length of the carbon chain. Dielectric relaxation study and electro-optical measurements are carried out with the classical SSFLC geometry. The field-induced phase transitions are studied and the（E,T） phase diagram is established.

Effects of morphology and concentration of CuS nanoparticles on alignment and electro-optic properties of nematic liquid crystal

Nanoparticles （NPs） with flower-like and frame morphologies were synthesized from CuS, a remarkable transition-metal sulfide. We introduced two kinds of CuS NPs into a nematic liquid crystal （LC） 4-cyano-4＇-n-pentylbiphenyl （5CB） and investigated the morphology- and concentration-dependent alignment and electro-optic （E-O） effects of CuS NPs on 5CB. A trace amount of flower-like CuS NPs induced a uniform homeotropic orientation of LC molecules; this is attributable to the obtained desirable compact nanosheet structure. Moreover, both flower-like and frame CuS NPs induced a remarkable improvement in the E-O properties of 5CB, and the flower-like CuS/5CB system exhibited a better performance. The doped CuS NPs in the LC host suppressed the shielding effect and strengthened the electric field, resulting in outstanding E-O properties. At a doping concentration of 0.05 wt.%, CuS NPs were well-dispersed and achieved the optimum E-O performance. This study provides a novel method for inducing a uniform orientation and enhanced E-O properties of LC molecules by doping with extraordinary CuS NPs, leading to potential applications in establishing flexible LC displays.

Facet-dependent electro-optical properties of cholesteric liquid crystals doped with Cu2O nanocrystals

Excellent electro-optical （E-O） performances are essential for high-quality reflective cholesteric liquid crystal （LC） displays, but are often limited by the high driving voltages required by these displays. Dispersing functional nanomaterials into the LCs has emerged as a promising approach to achieve outstanding E-O properties. In this work, we report the facet-controlled E-O properties of a chiral nematic LC （N＊LC） doped with cubic, octahedral, and rhornbic dodecahedral Cu20. The outstanding E-O properties of the doped systems are related to the interaction between the liquid crystals and Cu20 dopants with different exposed crystal planes. Doping with octahedral and rhombic dodecahedral Cu20 reduces the stability of the planar state, as a result of both the surface abundance of active Cu atoms that interact with the polarized LC molecules, and the large amounts of vertexes and edges on the crystal surfaces, which accelerate the transition from the planar to the focal conic state under an applied electric field. Rhombic Cu20 is the most effective dopant for improving the E-O properties of the present LCs, resulting in a 65.31% reduction of the threshold voltage. The facet and morphology effects highlighted in this work provide a new pathway to develop excellent energy-saving meso-materials with exposed high-reactivity facets, improving their potential applications in electro-optical technologies and information displays.

Effect of Polymer Network Morphology on the Performance of Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) Composite Films

The effects of the morphologies of liquid crystal (LC) droplets left in polymer network on the performance of polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite films were investigated.By adjusting the relative content range of the crosslinking and diluents,the morphologies of polymer network can be changed.Therefore,the properties of PDLC composite films with imparity polymer morphologies were obtained by experiments and the finite element simulation.Results of the experimental and finite element simulation showed that the electro-optical properties of PDLC composite films were inversely proportional to the domain size of the polymer network and the mechanical properties were proportional to the domain size of the polymer network.

PREPARATION OF POLYMER DISPERSED LIQUID CRYSTALS USING PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION

2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and styrene copolymers are prepared by photopolymerization. The electrooptical behavior and microstructure of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal films are investigated by using He-Ne laser and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. With increasing E7 content in the copolymer, droplet size increased, threshold voltage decreased.

Stability of liquid crystal systems doped withγ-Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles

In order to explore the stability of a liquid crystal(LC)system doped withγ-Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles,the physical properties(clearing point,dielectric properties),electro-optical properties and residual direct-current voltage(RDCV)of the doped LC system were measured and evaluated at different times.First,the temperature was controlled by precision hot stage,and the clearing point temperature of doped LC was observed and measured by a polarized optical microscope.Using a precision LCR meter,we measured the capacitance-voltage curves of the doped LC system at the temperature of 27℃.The dielectric constant of doped LC was calculated by the dualcell capacitance method.Then,the electro-optical properties of the doped LC system were measured.Finally,the RDCV of the doped LC system was measured and calculated.After five months,the parameters of the doped LC system were re-measured and analyzed under the same conditions to evaluate its stability.The experimental results show that,within five months,the clearing point change rate of doped LC is in the range of 0.24%-1.37%,the change of dielectric anisotropy is in the range of 0.035-0.2,the curves of electro-optical properties are basically fitted,and the change rate of saturated RDCV is about 11.2%,which basically indicate that the LC system doped withγ-Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles has good stability.

New mesogenic Schiff base esters comprising benzothiazole moiety:Synthesis and mesomorphic properties

A homologous series of Schiff base esters, 6-methoxy-2-（2-hydroxy-4-alkanoyloxybenzylidenamino）benzothiazoles, compris- ing a benzothiazole moiety as the core was synthesized. All the members of this series exhibited an enantiotropic nematic phase. The azomethine linkage along with the lateral hydroxyl and terminal methoxyl groups were found to exert an effect on the mesomorphic properties. 2009 Sie Tiong Ha. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

An investigation on a novel PDLC film's fabrication and its electro-optical properties

A polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film that has good electro-optical properties is produced by the method of polymerized-induced phase separation. Based on the application foreground, its capability parameters, such as contrast ratio, work voltage, and visual angle, are characterized for the first time by a white light but not a fixed wavelength light. The results show the PDLC film has a low work-voltage of 20 V, more than 150° visual angle, high stability, and long lifetime. The differences between plastic and glass ITO-coated substrates of PDLC films are also studied in this paper. The plastic substrate has better property and will have a wider perspective especially in the portable, tender and folded display devices. Due to adjustable properties of film by electric field, PDLC has the potential application for display device, sensor, switch, grating, and new generation analytical apparatus.

Simulation and optimization of spatial light modulation of twisted-nematic liquid crystal display

The approaches to obtaining desired intensity or phase modulation by twisted-nematic liquid crystal display （TN-LCD） have been extensively studied based on the knowledge of the LCD＇s internal structure parameters. Generally, the TN-LCD placed between two linear polarizers （P） produces coupled intensity and phase modulation. To obtain the commonly used phase-only modulation, quarter wave plates （QWPs） are often used in front of and/or behind the LCD. Here we present a method to optimize the optical modulation properties of the TN-LCD to obtain phase-only modulation in the configuration of P-QWP-LCD-QWP-P each with proper orientation. Our method is based on the macroscopical Jones matrix descriptions for the LCD, the QWPs, and the linear polarizers. Through Jones matrix calculations, the orientations of the polarizers and QWPs can be optimized to satisfy differently desired modulation demands. In contrast to the traditional method, which requires knowledge of the LCD＇s internal structure parameters, our method simplified the complicated theory analysis and can work in the absence of information on the LCD＇s internal structure parameters, which are usually not available for the commercial products.

不同形貌Ni颗粒对向列相液晶电光性能的影响

将不同形貌的Ni颗粒(类碗状Ni颗粒、Ni花颗粒和Ni球颗粒)掺杂在液晶中制备了扭曲向列相(TN)液晶显示模式液晶盒,采用液晶综合参数测试仪对掺杂不同形貌Ni颗粒的向列相液晶(NLC)显示模式液晶盒的阈值电压、饱和电压、对比度及响应时间进行了研究。结果表明,掺杂Ni颗粒后,液晶的电光性能得到明显改善,阈值电压、饱和电压均有所降低,对比度明显增大,响应时间下降。其中类碗状Ni颗粒改善效果最为明显,驱动电压降幅达到13.77%,对比度增大35.55%,响应时间降低至9.390 ms。Ni颗粒的形貌及比表面积对液晶的电光性能有很大影响。比表面积及曲率大的Ni颗粒对液晶电光性能的改善效果好。

ZIF-8对向列相液晶电-光性能的提升（英文）

ZIF-8(沸石咪唑酯骨架结构材料)是一种金属有机物骨架结构材料,因其极高的比表面积、出色的热稳定性而被广泛应用于各种性质研究中。ZIF-8通过传统的水热法在甲醇溶液中合成,其颗粒尺寸约为250nm,形貌为菱形十二面体。研究发现,合成的ZIF-8材料具有良好的热稳定性及相当大的比表面积。将其掺杂进液晶中会增强液晶的电-光性能,增强效果与掺杂浓度有关。在向列相液晶4-氰基-4′-戊基联苯(5CB)中,ZIF-8可以吸附杂质离子,抑制屏蔽效应,最终使液晶驱动电压降低,响应加快。在掺杂浓度为0.05%(w,质量分数)时,液晶体系的电-光性能改善最明显,阈值电压(V_(th))最小达到0.92 V,饱和电压(V_(sat))达到1.31 V,响应时间仅为10.04 ms。而当掺杂浓度大于0.05%(w)时,ZIF-8在液晶盒中发生团聚,影响液晶分子的有序排布,同时吸附杂质离子减少,不利于液晶电-光性能的改善。

环氧基聚合物分散液晶膜的制备及其性能研究

采用聚合相分离方法制备环氧树脂基PDLC膜。通过对液晶含量、固化温度和时间等条件进行优化,研究上述条件对PDLC膜性能的影响;使用UV-Vis、AFM、SEM等方法对聚合物的物理特性和PDLC膜的光电性质做了深入探讨。PDLC膜在传感器、光电开关、光栅以及新型分析仪器元器件等方面具有广阔的应用前景。

描述有源矩阵液晶显示系统液晶显示器件电光特性的简化模型

本文提出了一个描述扭曲向列型(TN)液晶显示器件电光特性的简化模型。根据模型,可以很容易地计算出各类参数液晶显示器件的电光特性。理论计算与实验数据符合的很好。因此该模型可用于有源矩阵(Active Matix)液晶显示系统的模拟程序。

热致液晶共聚酯60PHB/PEN的合成及其表征

合成了对乙酰氧基苯甲酸与聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯的热致液晶共聚酯(简称60PHB/PEN)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、DSC、热台偏光显微镜以及广角X射线衍射对其进行了结构、液晶性表征。实验表明,合成的共聚酯确系高度无规的PEN、PHB共聚酯,在某个温度范围内呈现向列型液晶的典型特征。

新型2-烯丙氧基-4-辛氧基苯甲酸对丙基联苯酯的合成及其液晶性能

分别以2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和对苯基苯酚为原料,设计并合成了两种新型液晶中间体2-烯丙氧基-4-辛氧基苯甲酸(5)和4-(4-丙基苯基)苯酚(10);5和10在4-吡咯基吡啶催化下经脱水酯化合成了一个新型的液晶化合物——2-烯丙氧基-4-辛氧基苯甲酸对丙基联苯酯(11),收率81.2%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和元素分析表征。用碘量法测定了11的烯键含量,并用DSC和POM研究了11的液晶性能。结果表明,11为单向向列型液晶化合物,液晶区间55.8℃～12.1℃。

向列液晶在力场作用下扭曲变形特性的研究

通过测试向列液晶在不同的预倾角,初始角以及在不同力场作用下偏振光强度的变化,确定液晶分子发生扭曲变形的特性参数:扭曲角、变形的旋转时间和弛豫时间。测试结果表明:在相同力场作用下,液晶在取向层的预倾角愈大,液晶分子的扭曲变形程度也愈大;向列液晶在不同力场作用下产生形变的旋转时间和弛豫时间受液晶弹性常数和粘滞系数的影响,形变的旋转时间小于其弛豫时间;此外,向列液晶在取向层的初始角会影响液晶在力场作用下发生扭曲变形的程度,不同的力场强度下存在一对应于最大扭曲变形的初始角。

光源单色性对液晶器件电光特性的影响

利用迷你光谱仪,获得0-11 V电压下液晶盒的透射光谱,从透射光谱分别得到宽带（半波全宽100 nm）和窄带（半波全宽10 nm）入射光下扭曲90°、扭曲120°向列相液晶盒以及平行向列相液晶盒的电光特性曲线.实验结果表明,入射光中心波长在530-730 nm范围内时,光源的单色性对扭曲向列相液晶盒的电光特性基本没有影响,但是会影响平行排列向列相液晶盒的透射率,而且影响随着入射光中心波长的增加逐渐减弱.

松果状纳米氧化铁对液晶电光性能的影响

液晶材料被广泛应用于液晶显示器(LCD)中,但是由于液晶中杂质的存在,导致液晶的应用电压变大,增加了能耗。为了降低应用中的阈值电压和饱和电压,通常向液晶中添加纳米颗粒来提高电光性能。本文采用简单的化学沉淀法制备了形貌均一,大小尺寸均匀的松果状氧化铁(P-Fe_2O_3)纳米颗粒。将其掺杂到向列相液晶4-氰基-4'-戊基联苯(4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl,5CB)中,结果表明,掺杂质量分数为0. 5%时,电光性能达到最优,阈值电压和饱和电压分别降低24. 8%和45. 2%,对比度增大46%,响应时间降低至17. 6 ms,此性能优于相同条件下掺杂普通Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒的向列相液晶5CB,其阈值电压和饱和电压分别降低15%和16%。这归因于松果状Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒可以在向列相液晶5CB中均匀分散,其粗糙的表面吸附了液晶中的杂质离子,减少了杂质离子的屏蔽效应,从而提高了电光性能。