澄清被混用的“新自由主义”——兼谈对New Liberalism和Neo-Liberalism的翻译

在英文中,New Liberalism和Neo-Liberalism代表两个有着截然不同的主张和诉求的思想流派,且本来分属政治哲学和经济学两个不同的学科语境。由于它们都被翻译成“新自由主义”,当前国内学术界普遍在批判Neo-Liberalism时,导致批判本身的错位和人们对New Liberalism的很大误解。将New Liberalism译为“新自由主义”,Neo-Liberalism统一译为“‘新’自由主义”或“新古典自由主义”有利于正本清源,促进学术对话。

新自由主义(Neo-liberalism)对国家治理现代化的挑战和我国对策探究

新自由主义(Neo-liberalism)是一种经济-政治-文化思想,具有明确的理论主张,历经多年实践,是自由主义演化的新形态。它已经渗透到世界各国的政治、经济、文化和社会领域,在带来一定繁荣的同时,它对全球各国的国家治理现代化造成了严重挑战。我国在推进国家治理现代化的过程中要综合采取经济政治文化社会等各个方面的举措来积极应对新自由主义(Neo-liberalism)所带来的挑战,逐步完善国家治理体系,不断提高国家治理能力,为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供治理保障。

“liberal arts”的源与流——古今之变中的审视

“古今之变”是审视liberal arts流变的中心线索。古典liberal arts是具有内在统一性并指向完满品格的整全性知识体系。欧洲三次文艺复兴对liberal arts的再造展现了其历史流变中的不变逻辑,即为特定时代的受教育者提供共同价值。德国古典大学赋予了liberal arts在古典意义上的完美形态,而新人文主义的自我塑造观念孕育了博雅教育的现代转向。科学革命终结了古典学术的内在统一性与道德理想,瓦解了古典liberal arts。美国现代大学则借助古典资源,经由三次改革浪潮重建了liberal arts。然而,古典教育凝聚文明精华的共同价值、塑造意义与学术整合力量,同现代科学的智识自由、价值分殊与学科分化特性相冲突,这是古今之变为现代大学再造liberal arts所深植的困境,liberal arts只能在钟摆的两端之间不断权衡。

The Crisis of Global COVID-19 Governance and the Challenge of Liberalism From Error-Tolerantism

The crisis of COVID-19 governance in Western countries has demonstrated inherent defects of the concept of freedom defined by liberalists.Error-Tolerantism integrating liberalism with China’s cultures divides the right to freedom into two categories:The right to freedom in the innovative fields is the right to be wrong as an original right;and those to freedom in the non-innovative fields are the subordinate rights.Rights come from mutual empowerment between people.The right theory of Error-Tolerantism called error-tolerant rights paradigm is the right to be wrong as an original right and mutual empowerment theory.The first defect of liberalism is that the Western media criticized China’s right to be wrong as an original right in the governance of COVID-19 by turning to the rights to freedom at the subordinate level in the context of non-COVID-19.The second defect is its failure to realize that the rational implementation of the right to be wrong as an original right will produce new subordinate rights.The number of people infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan dropping to zero indicates that new subordinate rights to freedom,such as keeping social distance,wearing face masks in public places,showing health codes,etc.,have been formed and confirmed.Error-Tolerantism holds that the definition of freedom by liberalists lacks dynamics,leading to the confusion in understanding the idea of freedom and various illegal actions endangering public security,such as traveling,gathering,or demonstrating without wearing masks during the pandemic.

Toward a Security Community in Asia? The Limits of Constructivism, Developmental Statism, Liberalism, and Realism

This article asks whether a regional security community has emerged in Asia with the potential to grow mature and seeks to make a contribution to the ongoing debate on this controversial topic.It advances the argument that states in this broad region are far from being able to develop a security community for reasons different from those provided by political realists,developmental statists,liberals,and constructivists(social,discursive,and emancipationist).The role of Association of Southeast Asia(ASEAN)and that of China provide excellent test cases for the theoretical proposition that the building of a successful regional security community requires at least two necessary conditions:liberal democracy and regional democratic leadership,which remain absent in Asia.

The Pathologies of Modernity:Liberalism,Nihilism,Conservatism,Postmodernism,Intersectionality/Identity Politics,and Secular Humanism

In this article,Mocombe highlights what he calls the pathological-pathogenic purposive-rationalities(liberalism,nihilism,conservatism,postmodernism,intersectionality/identity politics,and secular humanism)that emerge out of modernity as constituted by the West under American hegemony.In the place of these pathological-pathogenic responses to the vagaries of modernity,Mocombe calls for an antihumanism,associated with what he calls libertarian communism,as a panacea to the aforementioned malaises.

Confucian Liberalism:Convergence Between the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Chinese Traditional Culture

As early as the 18th century,Confucian liberalism of considering others in one s own place was integrated into the provisions of freedom of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.In 1948,the Confucian idea of benevolence and other liberalism had an important influence on the drafting and content of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.The fulcrum of Confucian liberalism is self-discipline based on benevolence.The code of conduct created by Confucianism of"What you do not want done to yourself,do not do to others"has the social effect of safeguarding people’s negative freedom;the code of conduct of"while establishing himself and pursuing success,also works to establish others and enable them to succeed as well"has the social effect of safeguarding people s positive freedom.Confucian liberalism is social-oriented,which adheres to the unity of everyone’s freedom with the freedom of others,and the idea that individual freedom lies in the overall freedom of the social community.It is based on the conscience(benevolence)of the way of considering others in one’s own place and the practical path from the obligation to rights and freedoms are prominent features of traditional Chinese culture.It is consistent with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights’provision that everyone has duties to the community,and is similar to Marx’s philosophy that"the free development of every human being is the condition of the free development of all human beings",and is a unique system of liberal discourse that is different from Western liberalism.

The Innovation and Practice of the “Tourism Management + English” Talent Cultivation Model Based on the New Liberal Arts Concept

In the context of globalization, there is an urgent need to cultivate interdisciplinary talents with knowledge of tourism management and proficiency in English. Guided by the New Liberal Arts concept, the “Tourism Management + English” talent cultivation model has emerged. Taking the tourism management talent cultivation of Hainan province as an example, this article analyzes the issues present in traditional tourism management programs and proposes a construction framework that involves conducting in-depth industry research, improving management systems, increasing financial support, implementing strict and standardized management, optimizing talent cultivation plans, highlighting distinctive training features, and strengthening industry services.

英文“liberal arts”真的等于“文科”或“人文学科”吗?——兼论翻译中的词汇空缺现象

伴随古希腊哲学思想兴起的liberal arts,体现了古希腊人对“普遍理解”的追求,经古罗马、文艺复兴及近世以降之经年累月发展,此概念之内在含义已然超越单纯之“文科”或“人文学科”的范畴,涵盖更广泛的学科领域。Liberal arts旨在培养学生广泛的知识和技能,包括批判性思维、沟通技巧、文化理解和全球意识等,从而使他们成为具有丰富知识和广泛兴趣的人。纵观liberal arts的发展,不宜将其简单翻译为“文科”或“人文学科”,可根据不同语境将其译为“通识教育”“博雅教育”,乃至“文理教育”。

Pathways to Enhance New Quality Productivity in New Liberal Arts Education Through Artificial Intelligence

This paper explores the pathways through which artificial intelligence(AI)enhances new quality productivity in new liberal arts education.By analyzing the role of AI in personalized learning,interdisciplinary integration,and the application of virtual reality/augmented reality technologies,it reveals how AI technology promotes the development of students’innovative capabilities and productivity in the context of new liberal arts education.The study shows that AI is not only a technical tool but also a driving force for transforming educational models and fostering knowledge innovation.Further exploration of the deep integration of AI and new liberal arts education is necessary to promote comprehensive social progress.

Research on Online-Offline Hybrid Teaching Mode of College English in the Context of New Liberal Arts

English is an important course in colleges,and students’proficiency in the language can significantly affect their learning in multiple disciplines.At present,offline classroom teaching is still the primary mode of college English teaching,and online teaching has not been widely used.Under the background of new liberal arts,the teaching tasks and objectives of college English have changed,and it is imperative to carry out online-offline hybrid teaching mode.This paper analyzes the feasibility of the online-offline hybrid teaching mode of college English,summarizes its problems,and explores its implementation strategies in the context of the new liberal arts,to provide references for teachers.

Solutions to Teaching Reform Challenges of Elective Courses under the Background of New Liberal Arts:Taking International Trade in Services Course as an Example

Variations in the allocation of university resources,teachers’course selection preferences and teaching commitment levels,as well as students’course preferences and assessment requirements,create subjective differences.These differences,compounded by the demands of the new liberal arts reform,place significant challenges and pressure on elective course instructors.To meet these demands,elective course teachers should enhance their teaching methods and explore new instructional models.The International Trade in Services course,for instance,has implemented six areas of curriculum reform,enriching the practice of elective course improvement.

An Exploration of Higher Vocational English Teachers’Professional Development on Students’Learning Ability in the Context of New Liberal Arts

The concept of New Liberal Arts,a multidisciplinary combined integrator with Chinese values at its core,has brought new challenges to the teaching methods and professional development of higher-level English teachers.Based on the evolving professional development process of higher vocational English teachers in the context of the New Liberal Arts,this article analyzes how English teachers can integrate multidisciplinary knowledge and adopt advanced educational technology in the teaching process.On this basis,it discusses the role of teachers’professional development in enhancing students’learning ability,such as through deepening disciplinary understanding,adopting innovative teaching strategies,and implementing personalized teaching.At the end of the article,based on a variety of pedagogical theories,we put forward suggestions,including continuous professional training,interdisciplinary cooperation,and the application of innovative teaching techniques,which are mainly aimed at helping higher vocational English teachers get rid of the dilemma of the new situation,adapt to the needs of the new liberal arts education as soon as possible,and then effectively improve students’abilities.

新文科背景下教学要素多态融合研究

“新文科”建设为高校培养专业人才提供了新的理念,随着新文科理念和教育改革不断推进,跨学科交流、凝聚多学科的智慧和力量逐渐成为社会共识。结合新文科背景下人文社会学科融通整合的课程建设要求,基于新文科建设的契机,从教学资源、教学方法、教学过程、教学媒介、学习路径等五个方面对教学要素进行阐释,并通过多态融合概念的界定,将新文科多态融合的教学要素模型进行构建,探究适合新文科发展要求的新的教学全过程重塑,在此基础上进一步阐释新文科多态融合教学模式的新保障。从该视角进行研究能够进一步体现新文科教育教学理念学科育人、课程育人的理性价值,为教育教学相关研究提供新的视角和思维方式,进而培养符合新时代经济社会发展的新文科人才。

新文科背景下传统图案设计课程的实践研究

通过对课程改革实践内容与方法的详细阐述,文章探究了如何将传统图案与现代设计相结合,以及如何在教学中实现传统图案的创新设计和应用。通过项目驱动教学法、案例教学法、实地考察与调研法、自主学习与合作学习相结合法以及实践教学与理论教学相结合的方法,可以有效提升学生的综合素养和创新能力,同时为传统图案的现代应用提供新的思路和方法。

哲学社会科学实验室的“新文科转向”:轨迹、视野与进路

哲学社会科学实验室是新文科建设的重要载体。我国哲学社会科学实验室建设已经从单一学科探索转向学科交叉融合、从传统文本分析转向人工智能研究的双向调试阶段。该文在梳理我国哲学社会科学实验室发展现状、功能定位、运作模式、机遇挑战的基础上,总结出国际视野下实验室项目化数据在生产、多样化输出结果、构建集群技术结构等发展趋势,揭示本土视野下实验室发展从技术的移接孵化到情景再造的发展转向,提出以数增“智”、差异化情境共享、学科交叉融合增长等进路展望。

新文科背景下国际经济与贸易专业实践教学存在的问题及对策研究

新文科建设鼓励支持高校开设实践教学课程,培养学生的实践能力。国际经济与贸易专业实践性较强,实践教学改革对该专业人才培养至关重要。文章在对新文科建设对国际经济与贸易专业实践教学的要求进行分析的基础上,理清当前国际经济与贸易专业实践教学存在的主要问题,进而在新文科背景下提出树立实践教学新理念,加强实践教学环节思政链建设,推进实践教学融合发展和监督管理以及加强实践教学软、硬实力同步建设等国际经济与贸易专业实践教学对策建议。

面向新文科的高校图书馆未来学习中心设计要素探究

“新文科”的提出进一步推动了构建融通的学习环境、灵活的学习方式、个性化的学习支持体系,为图书馆人文学科服务带来新突破口。文章基于活动中心的分析和设计(ACAD)框架,运用扎根理论的研究方法,对42份我国高校新文科教育改革案例进行编码分析,探究面向新文科的高校图书馆未来学习中心设计要素。基于编码分析结果,构建面向新文科的高校图书馆未来学习中心要素关系模型,以期为高校图书馆未来学习中心建设提供借鉴。

医学人文通识教育课程思政改革的实践成效——以毒物简史为例

采用自行设计的问卷调查法和个别学生访谈法,结合专家评估,全面检验东南大学毒理学特色通识教育课程毒物简史课程思政教学改革的成效。研究结果表明,将思政元素融入毒物简史课程显著提升了学生对思政教育的认同感和参与度,增强了教育的亲和力和学生学习兴趣,促进了学生的全面发展。学生普遍认为,课程思政不仅丰富了教学内容,还对个人成长和价值观形成产生了积极影响。此外,学生和专家对教学方法的创新提出了建设性意见,这有助于实现思政教学目标,提高学生的学习参与度。

性别·制度·权力——以近代湖南新式女子教育为中心

近代中国,女学的兴起和发展使女性不断摆脱传统性别制度、文化和观念的束缚,逐渐实现自我的解放,并进一步争取性别权力。位于两湖地区的湖南女子教育虽然起步稍晚,但发展迅速。从1903年第一所女子学校建立到1921年“男女同学”,是湖南新式女子教育的重要发展时期,为湖南女性提供了更多受教育的机会。接受新式教育的湖南女性不仅坚决反抗“男尊女卑”的传统伦常,而且追求男女平等,获得一定的选举权和被选举权、受教育权、职业权、婚姻自决权等,改变着性别制度和社会制度。