The impact of chemotherapy-naïve open radical cystectomy delay and perioperative transfusion on the recurrence-free survival: A perioperative parameters-based nomogram

Objective: To develop and internally validate a nomogram to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) including the time to radical cystectomy (RC) and perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) as potential predictors.Methods: Patients who underwent open RC and ileal conduit between January 1996 to December 2016 were split into developing (n=948) and validating (n=237) cohorts. The time to radical cystectomy (TTC) was defined as the interval between the onset of symptoms and RC. The regression coefficients of the independent predictors obtained by Cox regression were used to construct the nomogram. Discrimination, validation, and clinical usefulness in the validation cohort were assessed by the area under the curve, the calibration plot, and decision curve analysis.Results: In the developing dataset, the 1-, 5-, and 10-year RFS were 83.0%, 47.2%, and 44.4%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, independent predictors were TTC (hazards ratio [HR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.08, p<0.001), PBT (one unit: HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.90, p=0.03;two or more units: HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.29-2.29, p<0.001), bilateral hydronephrosis (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.21-1.97, p<0.001), squamous cell carcinoma (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.81, p=0.001), pT3-T4 (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.41-2.22, p<0.001), lymph node status (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.21-1.95, p<0.001), and lymphovascular invasion (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.62, p=0.044). The areas under the curve in the validation dataset were 79.3%, 69.6%, and 76.2%, for 1-, 5-, and 10-year RFS, respectively. Calibration plots showed considerable correspondence between predicted and actual survival probabilities. The decision curve analysis revealed a better net benefit of the nomogram.Conclusion: A nomogram with good discrimination, validation, and clinical utility was constructed utilizing TTC and PBT in addition to standard pathological criteria.

Contemporary outcomes of patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical cystectomy:A comparative analysis between intracorporeal ileal conduit and neobladder urinary diversions

Objective We aimed to compare perioperative and oncologic outcomes for patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical cystectomy(RARC)with intracorporeal ileal conduit(IC)and neobladder(NB)urinary diversion.Methods Patients undergoing RARC with intracorporeal urinary diversion between January 2017 and January 2022 at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai,New York,NY,USA were indexed.Baseline demographics,clinical characteristics,perioperative,and oncologic outcomes were analyzed.Survival was estimated with Kaplan-Meier plots.Results Of 261 patients(206[78.9%]male),190(72.8%)received IC while 71(27.2%)received NB diversion.Median age was greater in the IC group(71[interquartile range,IQR 65-78]years vs.64[IQR 59-67]years,p<0.001)and BMI was 26.6(IQR 23.2-30.4)kg/m^(2).IC group was more likely to have prior abdominal or pelvic radiation(15.8%vs.2.8%,p=0.014).American Association of Anesthesiologists scores were comparable between groups.The IC group had a higher proportion of patients with pathological tumor stage 2(pT2)tumors(34[17.9%]vs.10[14.1%],p=0.008)and pathological node stages pN2-N3(28[14.7%]vs.3[4.2%],p<0.001).The IC group had less median operative time(272[IQR 246-306]min vs.341[IQR 303-378]min,p<0.001)and estimated blood loss(250[150-500]mL vs.325[200-575]mL,p=0.002).Thirty-and 90-day complication rates were 44.4%and 50.2%,respectively,and comparable between groups.Clavien-Dindo grades 3-5 complications occurred in 27(10.3%)and 34(13.0%)patients within 30 and 90 days,respectively,with comparable rates between groups.Median follow-up was 324(IQR 167-552)days,and comparable between groups.Kaplan-Meier estimate for overall survival at 24 months was 89%for the IC cohort and 93%for the NB cohort(hazard ratio 1.23,95%confidence interval 1.05-2.42,p=0.02).Kaplan-Meier estimate for recurrence-free survival at 24 months was 74%for IC and 87%for NB(hazard ratio 1.81,95%confidence interval 0.82-4.04,p=0.10).Conclusion Patients undergoing intracorporeal IC urinary diversion had higher postoperative cancer stage,increased nodal involvement,similar complications outcomes,decreased overall survival,and similar recurrence-free survival compared to patients undergoing RARC with intracorporeal NB urinary diversion.

Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy in a Low-Middle Income Country: A 5-Year Review of a Single Institution;Operative Data, Oncologic Results and Morbidity

Introduction and Objective: Laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) is an alternative to open approach with lower morbidity and better oncologic outcome. We aim to share our experience on laparoscopic radical cystectomy and to evaluate our morbidity and oncological outcome in our settings. Methodology: An observational study in the Douala Medico-Surgical Urology Centre on 5 patients who underwent laparoscopic cystectomy with or without lymph node dissection and external urine diversion between April 2014 to July 2016 was conducted. The overall survival rate was subsequently estimated. Results: Four men and one woman underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy during the 5-year study period with a mean age of 54.5-year-old. Three patients were submitted to ileal conduits, one to neobladders, and one patient to uretero-cutaneostomies. The mean operative time was 300 ± 17 minutes and the mean length of hospital stay was 9 ± 3 days. Three patients had minor complications according to Clavien and Dindon Classification treated conservatively without need for further operation. Four patients had transitional cell carcinoma and one Squamous cell carcinoma types. Everyone had negative resection margin while only two had negative lymph node. The median survival years in our study was 2.5 years, the overall survival rates at 2 years were 60%, 40% at 3 years and 20 at 5years. 2 patients die after one year due to renal failure and intercurrent disease. Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical cystectomy carried lower morbidity and cancerological outcome compare to open surgery making it a good alternative for bladder oncologic surgery.

Current status of laparoscopic and robotassisted nerve-sparing radical cystectomy in male patients

During radical cystectomy(RC),the neurovascular bundles are easily removed or damaged,leading to varying rates of incontinence and erectile dysfunction.The nervesparing technique was developed to preserve urinary and erectile function.The adoption of laparoscopic and robot-assisted technology has improved visualization and dexterity of pelvic surgeries,thus facilitate the nerve-sparing technique.Although nerve-sparing RC is technically similar with nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy,there are still some anatomical differences.There are mainly three different types of nerve-sparing techniques.Pelvic lymph node dissection(PLND)is another important factor to influence erectile function and urinary continence.Nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical cystectomy(LRC)and robot-assisted radical cystectomy(RARC)may be an optimal treatment choice in well-selected younger patients with lowvolume,organ-confined disease.We should attempt to do,whenever possible,a nerve-sparing cystectomy at least on oneside.However,due to the need of a well-refined surgical technique,nerve-sparing LRC and RARC is now being performed only by experienced urological surgeons.

Does Postoperative Rehabilitation for Radical Cystectomy Call for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery?A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis

The aim of this review was to systematically compare the outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)with standard care(SC)after radical cystectomy.We performed a systematic search of PubMed,Ovid?Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library to identify studies published until September 2017 which involved a comparison of ERAS and SC.A meta-analysis was performed to assess the outcomes of ERAS versus SC.Sixteen studies including 8 prospective and 8 retrospective trials met the eligibility criteria.A total of 2100 participants were assigned to ERAS(1258 cases)or SC(842 cases).The time to first flatus passage[WMD=-0.95 days,95%Cl(-1.50,-0.41),P=0.0006],time until return to a regular diet[WMD=-2.15 days,95%Cl(-2.86,—1.45),P<0.00001]and the length of hospital stay[WMD=-3.75 days,95%Cl(-5.13,-2.36),P<0.00001]were significantly shorter,and the incidence of postoperative complications[OR=0.60,95%Cl(0.44,0.83),P=0.002],especially postoperative paralytic ileus[OR=0.43,95%Cl(0.30,0.62),P<0.00001]and cardiovascular complications[OR=0.28,95%Cl(0.09,0.90),P=0.03]was significantly lower in the ERAS group than those in the SC group.This meta-analysis demonstrated that ERAS was associated with a shorter time to first flatus passage,return of bowel fimction,and the length of hospital stay than SC in patients undergoing radical cystectomy,as well as a lower rate of postoperative complications,especially paralytic ileus and cardiovascular complications.

Radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: oncologic outcome in 271 Chinese patients

Few large scale studies have reported the oncologic outcome of radical cystectomy for treating bladder cancer in China; hence, we lack long-term prognostic information. The aim of the current study was to determine the survival rate and prognostic factors of patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in a Chinese medical center. We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathologic data from 271 bladder cancer patients who underwent radical cystectomy between 2000 and 2011. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify independent prognostic predictors for this cohort. Median follow-up was 31.7 months(range, 0.2–139.1 months). Thirty-day mortality was(1.4%). The 5-year recurrence-free survival, cancer-specific survival(CSS), and overall survival rates were 61.6%, 72.9%, and 68.0%, respectively. The 5-year CSS rates of patients with T1–T4 disease were 90.7%, 85.0%, 51.0%, and 18.0%, respectively. Patients with organ-confined disease had a higher 5-year CSS rate than those with extravesical disease(81.4% vs. 34.9%, P < 0.001). For the 38 patients(14%) with lymph node involvement, the 5-year CSS rate was 27.7%—significantly lower than that of patients without lymph node metastasis(P < 0.001). The 5-year CSS rate was much higher in patients with low grade tumor than in those with high grade tumor(98.1% vs. 68.1%, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression showed that patient age(hazard ratio, 2.045; P = 0.013) and T category(hazard ratio, 2.213; P < 0.001) were independent predictors for CSS. These results suggest that radical cystectomy is a safe and effective method for treating bladder cancer in Chinese patients. Old age and high T category were associated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer patients who underwent radical cystectomy.

Pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts worse survival outcomes and advanced tumor staging in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer

Objective:To determine the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in prognosticating survival outcomes in patients with advanced/metastatic urothelial bladder cancer.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 84 patients undergoing radical cystectomy(RC)for UCB from January 2002 to June 2012.NLR was computed(median:5 days)prior to surgery.No patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.NLR was analyzed as a continuous variable and a cut-off point of 2.7 was obtained,with a statistical receiver operating characteristics of 0.74.KaplaneMeier curves,multivariate Cox proportional hazard and logistics regression models were used to predict NLR association with survival outcomes.Results:The median follow-up period was 30.1 months(range:3.2e161.7)owing to high recurrence rate and subsequent mortalities,compared to the median 64.7 months in patients alive at the end of study period.NLR
2.7 was associated with worse survival outcomes(5-year disease-specific survival:22%vs 58%,p Z 0.017,95%CI:1.193e6.009;5-year overall survival:23%vs 60%,p Z 0.008,95%CI:1.322e6.147).Furthermore,on multivariate analyses,higher NLR was independently associated with higher recurrence rate(p Z 0.007,HR Z6.999,95%CI:1.712e28.606),higher T staging(p Z 0.021,HR Z 3.479,95%CI:1.212e9.990)and lymph node involvement(p Z 0.009,HR Z 4.534,95%CI:1.465e14.034).

Robtic-assisted radical cystectomy:Literature review

Radical cystectomy(RC)with pelvic lymph node dissection(PLND)is the standard treatment for localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)with recurrence or high risk of progression.Also,the robotic approach to this type of surgery is well established in the literature.Our objective is to summarize in this manuscript the most relevant articles related to the robotic-assisted radical cystectomy for prostate cancer.We performed a literature review of articles describing the robotic approach to RC in patients with bladder cancer.Also,we described the procedure since the patient selection until the bladder removal.The reconstructive techniques were not included in this review.Twenty-five articles were used to divide our manuscript into key points such as preoperative patient selection and protocols,surgical technique,pathology report,oncological outcomes,complication rates,and quality of life after the procedure.Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy is feasible and safe with satisfactory oncological outcomes.The robotic approach is related to lower blood loss and fewer transfusion rates.However,when compared to open surgery,the use of this technology increases the operative time.

Survival after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer:Multicenter comparison between minimally invasive and open approaches

Objective:To investigate oncological outcomes in patients with bladder cancer who underwent minimally invasive radical cystectomy(MIRC)or open radical cystectomy(ORC).Methods:We identified patients with bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy(RC)in 13 centers of the Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).Perioperative outcomes were compared between MIRC and ORC.The influence of surgical approaches on overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)in the entire study group and subgroups classified according to pathologic stage or lymph node(LN)status was assessed with the log-rank test.Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association among OS,CSS and risk factors of interest.Results:Of 2098 patients who underwent RC,1243 patients underwent MIRC(1087 laparoscopic RC and 156 robotic-assisted RC,respectively),while 855 patients underwent ORC.No significant differences were noted in positive surgical margin rate and 90-day postoperative mortality rate.MIRC was associated with less estimated blood loss,more LN yield,higher rate of neobladder diversion,longer operative time,and longer length of hospital stay.There was no significant difference in OS and CSS according to surgical approaches(pZ0.653,and 0.816,respectively).Subgroup analysis revealed that OS and CSS were not significantly different regardless of the status of extravesical involvement or LN involvement.Multivariable Cox regression analyses showed that the surgical approach was not a significant predictor of OS and CSS.Conclusions:Our study showed that MIRC was comparable to conventional ORC in terms of OS and CSS.

Application of Intrafascial Neurovascular Bundle Spare Technique in Radical Cystectomy

Objective: To investigate the significance of intrafascial neurovascular bundle spare technique in radical cystectomy. Methods: Between March 2010 and December 2011, a total of 26 bladder cancer patients were treated with radical cystectomy, and intrafascial neurovascular bundle spare technique was applied in all these patients. Mean age of 26 patients was 56.1 y (45 - 66). Among 26 patients, 21 cases were in stage T2, 5 cases were in stage T3. All patients choose Orthotopic neobladder as urinary diversion manner. We use intrafascial neurovascular bundle spare technique, dissect between prostatic fascial and prostatic capsule, spare neurovascular bundle. Operating time, blood loss, complications, continence and sexual function 3 months after surgery were recorded. Results: In all patients, mean operating time was 328 min, mean blood loss was 316 ml. Only 4 patients need transfusion during surgery. 1 case of urinary fistula was found after surgery, and spontaneously cured 10 days after surgery. 1 case of bowel obstruction was found, and was cured by conservative therapy. 4 cases of incontinence were found 3 months after surgery. 18 patients had a nomal erectile function 3 months after surgery. Conclusions: Intrafascial neurovascular bundle spare technique can safely and effectively reserve neurovascular bundle in radical cystectomy. Patients can reserve continence and erectile function by this technique.

Clinicopathological Analysis of Patients with Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Who Underwent Radical Cystectomy

Objectives: Surgical specimens obtained at the time of the last transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) for patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who underwent radical cystectomy were retrospectively evaluated in order to investigate the relationship between pathological variation and upstaging of NMIBC. Methods and Materials: Twenty patients (19 men, 1 woman;aged 69.4 ± 12.1 (mean ± SD) years) diagnosed with NMIBC underwent radical cystectomy during follow-up. Results: Five of the 20 patients (25%) had pathological upstaging in the radical cystectomy specimens. There was a statistical association between pathological upstaging and cancer death (p = 0.002). There were three patterns of pathological variation in the upstaged specimens: 1) in patients with BCG-resistant NMIBC, urothelial carcinoma invaded through the lamina propria;2) urothelial carcinoma showed diffuse invasion beyond the deep lamina propria, and the cancer cells had infiltrated as single cells and formed nodules;3) TURBT specimens showed a micropapillary variant. Conclusions: Since these pathological variations correlated with pathological upstaging, they may provide an indication for cystectomy in NMIBC patients.

老年根治性膀胱全切术输尿管皮肤造口患者自我效能及应对方式的影响因素

目的探讨老年根治性膀胱全切术输尿管皮肤造口患者自我效能及应对方式状况,并分析其影响因素。方法选取2018年1月至2021年6月接受输尿管皮肤造口的72例老年根治性膀胱全切术患者为研究对象,采用一般自我效能感量表(General Self-Efficacy Scale,GSES)、简易疾病应对方式问卷(Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,SCSQ)评估所有患者自我效能及应对方式状况,并由研究人员设计基线资料调查表填写两组患者基线资料,分析可能影响老年根治性膀胱全切术输尿管皮肤造口患者自我效能及应对方式的相关因素。结果术后3个月,72例老年根治性膀胱全切术输尿管皮肤造口患者术后自我效能不佳25例(34.72%),自我效能良好47例(65.28%);消极应对22例(30.56%),积极应对50例(69.44%)。自我效能不佳组文化程度、心理状况、家庭关怀度与自我效能良好组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);消极应对组文化程度、心理状况、个人收入、家庭关怀度与积极应对组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多元logistic回归分析显示,文化程度在初中及以下、焦虑、家庭关怀度低是老年根治性膀胱全切术输尿管皮肤造口患者术后自我效能不佳的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05);文化程度在初中及以下、焦虑、个人收入低、家庭关怀度低是根治性膀胱全切术输尿管皮肤造口患者术后消极应对的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论文化程度在初中及以下、焦虑、家庭关怀度低是老年根治性膀胱全切术输尿管皮肤造口患者术后自我效能不佳的影响因素;文化程度在初中及以下、焦虑、个人收入低、家庭关怀度低是根治性膀胱全切术输尿管皮肤造口患者术后消极应对的影响因素。

腹腔镜下行根治性膀胱切除术患者伴偶发前列腺癌的相关因素分析

目的探讨腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术患者伴偶发前列腺癌的相关因素。方法回顾性分析65例腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术患者的临床资料,统计其偶发前列腺癌发生情况。结果65例腹腔镜下行根治性膀胱切除术患者中,偶发前列腺癌共12例,发生率为18.46%(12/65);单因素分析显示:高血压史、糖尿病史、肿瘤直径与腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术患者偶发前列腺癌发生无关(P>0.05);而年龄、BMI、吸烟史、饮酒史、前列腺体积与偶发前列腺癌发生有关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示:年龄≥60岁(β=1.531,OR=4.625,95%CI=1.216~17.590)、BMI≥28 kg/m^(2)(β=1.599,OR=4.950,95%CI=1.197~20.474)、有吸烟史(β=1.795,OR=6.020,95%CI=1.579~22.947)、有饮酒史(β=1.764,OR=5.833,95%CI=1.403~24.253)、前列腺体积>4 cm×3 cm×2 cm(β=1.623,OR=5.067,95%CI=1.326~19.365)为腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术患者偶发前列腺癌发生的主要危险因素(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术患者偶发前列腺癌发生风险较高,而其发生的因素具有多样性,如年龄≥60岁、BMI≥28 kg/m^(2)、有吸烟史、有饮酒史等。

完全腹腔镜膀胱根治性切除回肠膀胱术治疗膀胱癌25例疗效观察

目的探讨完全腹腔镜膀胱根治性切除回肠膀胱术的临床效果和手术技巧,以期为膀胱癌患者手术方式的选择提供参考。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院泌尿外科2017年3月—2022年8月收治的48例行腹腔镜膀胱根治性切除回肠膀胱术治疗膀胱癌患者的临床资料。按照手术方式分为传统腹腔镜组(腹腔镜膀胱根治性切除+脐下正中切口回肠膀胱术)患者23例,完全腹腔镜组25例。比较两组患者的手术时间、估计出血量、术后肠道功能恢复时间、引流管拔除时间及住院时间。结果48例患者手术均顺利完成,所有患者均未发生Clavien-Dindo>3级并发症。传统腹腔镜组与完全腹腔镜组的手术时间分别为(227.0±46.4)min与(253.6±58.9)min,出血量分别为(131.7±79.8)mL与(154.0±93.0)mL,两组术后肠道功能恢复时间、引流管拔除时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而完全腹腔镜组的术后住院时间较传统腹腔镜组更短,差异有统计学意义(P=0.035)。结论完全腹腔镜膀胱根治性切除回肠膀胱术安全可行,与传统腹腔镜手术方式效果相当,而完全腹腔镜组术后住院时间更短,有利于术后快速康复。

普芦卡必利在机器人辅助腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除+尿流改道术围手术期应用的效果分析

目的明确普芦卡必利(PRUC)在机器人辅助腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除(RARC)+尿流改道术围手术期对患者肠道功能的影响。方法回顾性分析2021年4—12月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院收治的75例行RARC+尿流改道术(原位膀胱术/回肠膀胱术)患者,根据围手术期是否服用PRUC分为PRUC组(28例)和常规组(47例)。分析比较两组患者术后肠道通气时间、通便时间、引流管留置时间、首次进食半流食物耐受时间、术后住院时间以及术后并发症的发生率,并比较两组患者术后C反应蛋白(CRP)和中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)的变化。结果PRUC组较常规组患者肠道通气时间和通便时间均更短[(47.14±16.31)h vs.(74.04±35.33)h,P<0.01;(86.14±30.47)h vs.(123.57±79.12)h,P=0.02]。PRUC组较常规组术后CRP(ΔCRP)和NLR变化幅度(ΔNLR)均较小[(79.99±29.71)mg/L vs.(127.75±56.98)mg/L;(9.24±6.43)vs.(16.11±9.90),P均<0.01]。所有并发症均为次要并发症,PRUC组患者术后90 d内肠梗阻发生率有降低的趋势(P=0.38),两组间其他并发症差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论PRUC可促进RARC+尿流改道术患者术后肠道功能恢复。

基于膜解剖之四纵两横六层面法的腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术的临床应用价值(“大家泌尿网”观看手术视频)

目的探讨基于膜解剖的四纵两横六层面法的腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术在膀胱癌治疗中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析暨南大学第一附属医院和第六附属医院泌尿外科2015年1月—2022年6月因膀胱癌行腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术的51例患者的临床资料,按照“四纵两横六层面法”的手术思路,采用膜解剖技术完成膀胱根治性切除。其中术前性功能正常的男性患者行预先盆神经丛显露的保留性神经的膀胱癌根治术。结果本组患者手术均顺利完成,无中转开放手术。手术时间(502.52±108.99)min,术中失血量(275.96±155.18)mL,术后进食时间(4.14±2.41)d,术后住院时间(16.37±4.85)d,淋巴结清扫数量(17.98±11.48)枚,平均随访(30.27±19.39)个月。在末次随访中,患者均未出现Clavien≥3级的并发症,总体生存率(OS)、肿瘤特异性生存率(TSS)和无复发生存率(RFS)的比率分别为82.4%、92.2%和88.2%。淋巴结阳性和阴性患者的OS分别为60.0%和84.8%、RFS为60.0%和91.3%。行预先显露盆神经丛的保留性神经的膀胱癌根治术患者中18例采用原位新膀胱术,其日间及夜间尿控率分别为83.3%和72.2%,17例在术后6个月内恢复了性功能。结论基于筋膜解剖的四纵两横六层面法腹腔镜膀胱根治性切除术切实可行,手术步骤程序化、肿瘤控制效果好、出血少、术后并发症少、术后恢复快。

术前ALI与行根治性膀胱切除术患者预后的关系

目的:探讨晚期肺癌炎症指数(advanced lung cancer inflammatory index,ALI)与行根治性膀胱切除术(radical cystectomy,RC)患者预后的相关性。方法:分析2012年04月至2021年03月在我院住院行根治性膀胱切除术的115例患者的临床资料,包括基本信息、术前血液学检验、组织病理学及生存情况。采用ROC曲线确定ALI最佳临界值(29.49)并将患者分为低ALI组(46例)和高ALI组(69例),通过Kaplan-Meier法建立生存曲线,Log-Rank检验进行患者总生存期(overall survival,OS)组间比较,Cox回归分析行根治性膀胱切除术患者预后影响因素。结果:共纳入115例患者,男(103例),女(12例);T1期(47例),>T1期(68例);病理级别≤G2(38例),G3(77例);N0期(106例),>N0期(9例)。单因素分析表明ALI、T分期、肿瘤病理级别、N分期、中性粒-淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、白细胞及中性粒细胞与OS有关,Wald值分别为25.504、22.458、20.013、15.779、22.645、6.098、14.137,均P<0.05。多因素分析表明低ALI(HR=2.387,95%CI为1.085~5.236,Wald=4.673,P<0.05)、T分期(HR=2.796,95%CI为1.381~5.662,Wald=8.163,P<0.01)和肿瘤病理级别(HR=2.907,95%CI为1.315~6.427,Wald=6.949,P<0.01)是患者OS的独立危险因素。术前低ALI组和高ALI组患者中位OS分别为14个月和>50个月,低ALI组患者OS明显低于高ALI组,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=29.825,P<0.01。结论:术前低ALI是行根治性膀胱切除术患者OS的独立危险因素,术前ALI可作为行根治性膀胱切除术患者新的预后评估指标。

机器人辅助腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术患者病耻感危险因素分析及护理对策

目的:探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术患者术后早期病耻感及危险因素与护理对策。方法:选取2022年5月—2023年11月武汉市第一医院收治的33例膀胱癌患者。采用问卷法调查行机器人辅助腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术患者的早期病耻感与负性情绪水平。以Pearson相关性分析病耻感与负性情绪的关系,采用线性回归分析病耻感的影响因素。结果:本研究共发放问卷33份,回收有效问卷31份,有效率为93.94%。31例患者术后早期病耻感社会影响量表(SIS)总分为31~94分,平均(63.29±17.97)分;焦虑评分42~67分,平均(53.68±6.36)分;抑郁评分39~71分,平均(56.81±7.17)分。焦虑、抑郁与病耻感SIS总分及各维度评分呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。线性回归分析显示,年龄、受教育程度、居住地、造口接受程度、造口自理程度以及焦虑、抑郁为患者术后病耻感的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:机器人辅助腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术患者术后早期病耻感与年龄、受教育程度、居住地、造口接受程度、造口自理程度以及焦虑、抑郁密切相关。

ADOPT护理模式在机器人辅助腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术中的应用效果

目的:探究以解决问题为导向的态度-定义-开放思维-计划-实施护理模式在机器人辅助腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术(RALRC)中的应用效果。方法:采用回顾性研究方式,选取2022年4月-2023年6月于鼓楼医院泌尿外科ADOPT解决问题护理模式下行RALRC手术患者66例为观察组,选取2020年1月-2022年3月入院并在本院行常规护理管理模式下RALRC手术患者60例为对照组。比较两组患者引流管放置时间、胃管拔除时间、排气时间、住院天数、住院总费用、术后疼痛评分、自我护理能力实施量表(ESCA)评分的差异。结果:观察组引流管放置时间、胃管拔除时间、排气时间、住院天数较对照组更短、住院总费用较对照组更少,自我护理能力更好,术后24 h、术后2 d、3 d、5 d疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分更低(P<0.05)。结论:以解决问题为导向的ADOPT护理模式可提高RALRC患者康复效率,改善患者自我护理能力。

根治性膀胱切除术中完整保留女性生殖器官的临床实践

目的探讨根治性膀胱切除术中完整保留女性生殖器官的疗效和技术要点。方法选择2020年和2021年海军军医大学第一附属医院收治的2例拟行根治性膀胱切除术的女性膀胱癌患者,术前评估患者病情,结合患者意愿,术中予完整保留生殖器官,术后定期随访,评估疗效和预后。结果2例患者手术顺利,术后恢复良好,无手术相关并发症。2例患者分别随访22个月、36个月,随访期间均未复发,性功能、生活质量评分均为良好,其中1例患者术后第17个月顺利妊娠,常规产检及无创胎儿DNA检测未见异常。结论在严格把握手术适应证的前提下,根治性膀胱切除术中完整保留女性生殖器官可使患者术后获得更好的生活质量,尤其能保护育龄期女性生育功能。