Micrometer NbC_x-C three-dimensional netted fibers were synthesized by thecarbothermal method under 0.1 MPa of N_2 ambient atmosphere at a relatively low temperature. Rawmaterials were commercial powders of Nb_2O_5 (9...Micrometer NbC_x-C three-dimensional netted fibers were synthesized by thecarbothermal method under 0.1 MPa of N_2 ambient atmosphere at a relatively low temperature. Rawmaterials were commercial powders of Nb_2O_5 (99.95 percent), reactive carbon (99.99 percent), NaCl(99.95 percent) and sucrose (99.94 percent). The relationship of the fabrication processing with thecomposition, crystal structure and morphology of fibers was investigated. The formation mechanismwas also proposed and discussed.展开更多
A new microelement method for the analyses of functionally graded structures was proposed. The key of this method is the maneuverable combination of two kinds of elements. Firstly, the macro elements are divided from ...A new microelement method for the analyses of functionally graded structures was proposed. The key of this method is the maneuverable combination of two kinds of elements. Firstly, the macro elements are divided from the functionally graded material structures by the normal finite elements. In order to reflect the functionally graded distributions of materials and the microconstitutions in each macro-element, the microelement method sets up the dense microelements in every macro-element, and translates nodes to the same as the normal finite elements by the degrees of freedom of all microelemental the compatibility conditions. This microelement method can fully reflect the micro constitutions and different components of materials, and its computational elements are the same as the normal finite elements, so it is an effective numerical method for the analyses of the functionally graded material structures. The three-dimensional analyses of functionally graded plates with medium components and different micro net structures are given by using the microelement method in this paper. The differences of the stress contour in the plane of functionally graded plates with different net microstructures are especially given in this paper.展开更多
The divergence three-dimensional millet-seed body model and the continuous distributing layer-imitating model were introduced, which were used to express geologic body, and the procedure of generating these two models...The divergence three-dimensional millet-seed body model and the continuous distributing layer-imitating model were introduced, which were used to express geologic body, and the procedure of generating these two models and their merits and demerits were synthesized. Three methods of geologic body’s three-dimensional expression were separately introduced, and the merits of the continuous distributing layer imitating model were proposed as comparing with the divergence three-dimensional millet-seed body model. The three-dimensional cubes were observed from any direction and any tangle with the application of dealing methods such as peeling, hollowing out, transparent or half-transparent.展开更多
Viticulturists traditionally have a keen interest in studying the relationship between the biochemistry of grapevines’ leaves/petioles and their associated spectral reflectance in order to understand the fruit ripeni...Viticulturists traditionally have a keen interest in studying the relationship between the biochemistry of grapevines’ leaves/petioles and their associated spectral reflectance in order to understand the fruit ripening rate, water status, nutrient levels, and disease risk. In this paper, we implement imaging spectroscopy (hyperspectral) reflectance data, for the reflective 330 - 2510 nm wavelength region (986 total spectral bands), to assess vineyard nutrient status;this constitutes a high dimensional dataset with a covariance matrix that is ill-conditioned. The identification of the variables (wavelength bands) that contribute useful information for nutrient assessment and prediction, plays a pivotal role in multivariate statistical modeling. In recent years, researchers have successfully developed many continuous, nearly unbiased, sparse and accurate variable selection methods to overcome this problem. This paper compares four regularized and one functional regression methods: Elastic Net, Multi-Step Adaptive Elastic Net, Minimax Concave Penalty, iterative Sure Independence Screening, and Functional Data Analysis for wavelength variable selection. Thereafter, the predictive performance of these regularized sparse models is enhanced using the stepwise regression. This comparative study of regression methods using a high-dimensional and highly correlated grapevine hyperspectral dataset revealed that the performance of Elastic Net for variable selection yields the best predictive ability.展开更多
多工序加工系统中最终产品的尺寸误差是所有加工工序上尺寸误差累积、耦合与传递的结果。目前方法是建立数学模型对多工序加工系统尺寸误差传递进行分析,而缺乏逻辑层次上的建模理论和方法。为解决多工序加工系统中尺寸误差传递的逻辑...多工序加工系统中最终产品的尺寸误差是所有加工工序上尺寸误差累积、耦合与传递的结果。目前方法是建立数学模型对多工序加工系统尺寸误差传递进行分析,而缺乏逻辑层次上的建模理论和方法。为解决多工序加工系统中尺寸误差传递的逻辑分析问题,采用面向对象Petri网方法,在定义误差状态通用物理对象基础上,建立通用物理对象和加工系统的映射规则,对误差状态子类物理对象进行继承和封装,设计出误差状态消息传递关系网。建立的产品尺寸误差面向对象Petri网(Errors of product dimension-object oriented Petri net,EPD-OPN)模型可以作为多工序加工系统中尺寸误差传递动态分析和故障诊断依据。通过发动机缸盖的多工序加工过程为例证明该模型的有效性和可行性。该模型具有模块化、可重复使用性的特点和结构化的复杂逻辑关系描述能力,是目前数学模型很好的扩展。展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.59425007, No.59432033).
文摘Micrometer NbC_x-C three-dimensional netted fibers were synthesized by thecarbothermal method under 0.1 MPa of N_2 ambient atmosphere at a relatively low temperature. Rawmaterials were commercial powders of Nb_2O_5 (99.95 percent), reactive carbon (99.99 percent), NaCl(99.95 percent) and sucrose (99.94 percent). The relationship of the fabrication processing with thecomposition, crystal structure and morphology of fibers was investigated. The formation mechanismwas also proposed and discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10432030)the National Youth Science Foundation of China (No.10802091)the Scientific and Technical Foundation of China University of Mining and Technology (No.2007B013)
文摘A new microelement method for the analyses of functionally graded structures was proposed. The key of this method is the maneuverable combination of two kinds of elements. Firstly, the macro elements are divided from the functionally graded material structures by the normal finite elements. In order to reflect the functionally graded distributions of materials and the microconstitutions in each macro-element, the microelement method sets up the dense microelements in every macro-element, and translates nodes to the same as the normal finite elements by the degrees of freedom of all microelemental the compatibility conditions. This microelement method can fully reflect the micro constitutions and different components of materials, and its computational elements are the same as the normal finite elements, so it is an effective numerical method for the analyses of the functionally graded material structures. The three-dimensional analyses of functionally graded plates with medium components and different micro net structures are given by using the microelement method in this paper. The differences of the stress contour in the plane of functionally graded plates with different net microstructures are especially given in this paper.
基金Project supported by the Opening Foundation of the Key Lab of Resource , Environment and GISin Beijing
文摘The divergence three-dimensional millet-seed body model and the continuous distributing layer-imitating model were introduced, which were used to express geologic body, and the procedure of generating these two models and their merits and demerits were synthesized. Three methods of geologic body’s three-dimensional expression were separately introduced, and the merits of the continuous distributing layer imitating model were proposed as comparing with the divergence three-dimensional millet-seed body model. The three-dimensional cubes were observed from any direction and any tangle with the application of dealing methods such as peeling, hollowing out, transparent or half-transparent.
文摘Viticulturists traditionally have a keen interest in studying the relationship between the biochemistry of grapevines’ leaves/petioles and their associated spectral reflectance in order to understand the fruit ripening rate, water status, nutrient levels, and disease risk. In this paper, we implement imaging spectroscopy (hyperspectral) reflectance data, for the reflective 330 - 2510 nm wavelength region (986 total spectral bands), to assess vineyard nutrient status;this constitutes a high dimensional dataset with a covariance matrix that is ill-conditioned. The identification of the variables (wavelength bands) that contribute useful information for nutrient assessment and prediction, plays a pivotal role in multivariate statistical modeling. In recent years, researchers have successfully developed many continuous, nearly unbiased, sparse and accurate variable selection methods to overcome this problem. This paper compares four regularized and one functional regression methods: Elastic Net, Multi-Step Adaptive Elastic Net, Minimax Concave Penalty, iterative Sure Independence Screening, and Functional Data Analysis for wavelength variable selection. Thereafter, the predictive performance of these regularized sparse models is enhanced using the stepwise regression. This comparative study of regression methods using a high-dimensional and highly correlated grapevine hyperspectral dataset revealed that the performance of Elastic Net for variable selection yields the best predictive ability.
文摘多工序加工系统中最终产品的尺寸误差是所有加工工序上尺寸误差累积、耦合与传递的结果。目前方法是建立数学模型对多工序加工系统尺寸误差传递进行分析,而缺乏逻辑层次上的建模理论和方法。为解决多工序加工系统中尺寸误差传递的逻辑分析问题,采用面向对象Petri网方法,在定义误差状态通用物理对象基础上,建立通用物理对象和加工系统的映射规则,对误差状态子类物理对象进行继承和封装,设计出误差状态消息传递关系网。建立的产品尺寸误差面向对象Petri网(Errors of product dimension-object oriented Petri net,EPD-OPN)模型可以作为多工序加工系统中尺寸误差传递动态分析和故障诊断依据。通过发动机缸盖的多工序加工过程为例证明该模型的有效性和可行性。该模型具有模块化、可重复使用性的特点和结构化的复杂逻辑关系描述能力,是目前数学模型很好的扩展。
