Real-time virtual reference service based on applicable artificial intelligence technologies:The début of the robot Xiaotu at Tsinghua University Library

The adoption of applicable artificial intelligence technologies to library real-time virtual reference services is an innovative experimentation in one of the key areas of library services. Based on the open source software Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity(A.L.I.C.E.) and a combined application of several other relevant supporting technologies for facilitating the use of the current existing library resources, Tsinghua University Library has recently developed a real-time smart talking robot, named Xiaotu,for the enhancement of its various service functions, such as reference services, book searching, Baidu Baike searching, self-directed learning, etc. The operation of Xiaotu is programmed into Renren website(a social networking website), which adds significantly an innovative feature to the modus operandi of the real-time virtual reference service at Tsinghua University Library.

基于Web Services的业务提供参考模型

在WebServcies应用于网络能力开放接口和终端的技术基础上,提出一个基于WebServices的业务提供参考模型,该模型结合了网络能力开放接口和WebServices服务组合等技术,从业务开发、业务环境、系统部署这3个视图描述了基于WebServices的业务提供,对开放融合网络下的业务提供给出了框架性的参考.

Probe on Network-based Collaborative Maintenance Model for After-sales Equipment

In order to make equipment run safely, economically and continuously, some new maintenance models were put forward to improve the equipment after-sale maintenance service, such as E-maintenance, third-party maintenance, etc. To certain extent, the models solved the problem of the distance between the manufacturer and customer and the dispersion of the maintenance technologies, however, those resources are still widely distributed and do not collaborate efficiently. In this paper, a network-based collaborative maintenance service model was proposed for after-sales equipment to solve the problem of maintenance resources integration. Concretely, equipment designers, maintainers, spare parts suppliers and maintenance experts were grouped together to establish dynamic alliance. The leader of the alliance is the manufacturer under guaranty period or equipment user exceeding the guaranty period. The process of maintenance service was divided into three stages which are fault diagnosis, maintenance decision and maintenance implementation. The sub-alliances were established to carry out maintenance work at each stage. In addition, the business process of network-based collaborative maintenance was analyzed and collaborative business system for equipment＇s after-sales collaborative maintenance service was designed. In the end, an informational economics model of network-based collaborative maintenance was established to demonstrate the effectiveness of this maintenance model.

Inference of Reference Conditions for Nutrient Concentrations of Chaohu Lake Based on Model Extrapolation

In the mid-eastern China,there are few or no lakes which are in the absence of anthropogenic disturbances,or their sediments remain undisturbed.As a result,the reference lakes distribution and paleolimnological reconstruction approaches usually are inappropriate to estimate lake reference conditions for nutrients.This yields the necessity of using the extrapolation methods to estimate the lake reference conditions for nutrients within those regions.The lake reference conditions for nutrients could be inferred inversely from the law of mass conservation,current lake nutrient concentration,and the loadings from watershed.Considering the scarcity of hydrological and water quality data associated with lakes and watersheds in China,as well as the low requirement of the watershed nutrient loadings models for these data,the soil conservation service(SCS) distributed hydrological model and the universal soil loss equation(USLE) were applied.The SCS model simulates the runoff process of the watershed,thereby calculating dissolved nutrients annually.The USLE estimates the soil erosion and particulate nutrients annually in a watershed.Then,with the loadings from atmospheric deposition and point source,the previous annual average nutrient concentrations could be acquired given the current nutrient concentrations in a lake.Therefore,the nutrient reference conditions minimally impacted by human activities could be estimated.Based on the proposed model,the reference conditions for total nitrogen and total phosphorus of Chaohu Lake,Anhui Province,China are 0.031 mg/L and 0.640 mg/L,respectively.The proposed reference conditions estimation model is of clear physical concept,and less data required.Thus,the proposed approach can be used in other lakes with similar circumstances.

A Web Service Framework for Environmental and Carbon Footprint Monitoring in Construction Supply Chains

With the growing environmental concerns, green supply chain management （GSCM） is gaining significant attention in the construction industry. Tracking and monitoring the environmental effects brought forth by the participating members along a supply chain is important to GSCM. The GreenSCOR model developed by the Supply Chain Council provides a generic framework for measuring the total carbon footprint and environmental footprint in a supply chain. The model is based on the Supply Chain Operations Reference （SCOR） model, which represents a supply chain network in a hierarchically structured manner. This paper describes the GreenSCOR framework and its potential application to the construction industry. This paper also presents a web services approach to incorporate the GreenSCOR model to the implementation of collaborative information systems. Each process element in the SCOR model is represented and delivered as individual web service units, which can be reused and integrated using standard web services technologies. The service units are combined and managed in a prototype web service collaborative framework, called SC Collaborator, which is designed and developed for supporting construction supply chain management. An illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the implementation of the GreenSCOR-based SC Collaborator framework.

Construction of Agricultural Information Service System in China——under the Eyeshot of Communication Science

The paper aims to study the current communication condition,configuration,characteristic and regulation of Chinese agricultural information in terms of the eyeshot of communication studies,and provide reference to build Chinese agricultural information service system based on the analysis of their advantages and disadvantages.

Research on reference nodes placement and selection of ubiquitous computing locating service

Obtaining the location of an unknown node accurately is a key problem of a locating service under a ubiquitous computing environment.The paper proposes and proves three theorems of location reference node placement according to the analysis of the location error produced during location using a polygon location method and three important characteristics of chaos dynamics.Based on the three theorems,the location reference node selection(LRNS)algorithm is proposed by improving on the traditional polygon location algorithm.The simulation results indicate that the reference node placement theorems and the LRNS algo-rithm can meet the requirements of a ubiquitous terminal’s real-time location and possess a preferable precision in location.

共享经济下的网约车动态风险管理优化

针对网约车中的两类感知风险:安全风险和服务风险,考虑网约车突发事件以及消费者的参考服务质量效应,构建“政府+平台”风险管理动态博弈模型,利用微分博弈理论,求解了政企合作、非合作以及政府成本分担契约下的双方最优风险投资策略及绩效。研究发现:政企协同风险管理可以最大程度降低网约车风险和提高系统绩效;政府成本分担契约可以实现系统效益的帕累托改进并有效降低网约车安全风险;前瞻性政府和企业会依据危机前后的环境做出最优的策略调整,强调危机前风险防范的重要性,并力图在风险率和折损率较低时加大风险投资力度;参考服务效应不利于降低网约车安全风险,但在一定程度上可以提高其服务质量以缓解危机给系统绩效带来的负面影响。

大语言模型对数字参考咨询服务的影响与应对策略研究

随着以ChatGPT为代表的大语言模型的逐渐兴起,其强大的信息整合与生成能力为数字参考咨询服务领域带来颠覆性影响。通过梳理当前研究与发展现状,从技术赋能、资源拓展、服务重塑、治理挑战、用户牵引等5个维度深入剖析了大语言模型对数字参考咨询服务的影响,并从学科布局优化、服务聚焦用户、业务流程再造、平台生态构建等层面提出了变革性的应对策略,旨在系统探析大语言模型对传统数字参考咨询服务带来的挑战与机遇。这不仅丰富了数字参考咨询服务的理论认知,还为新技术环境下服务优化提供了实践指引,以期能够推动信息资源管理学科适应技术发展浪潮,实现创新发展。

湖南省卫星导航定位基准站网服务体系建设及思考

卫星导航定位基准站网是重要的国家空间基础设施,对国家安全和国民经济建设具有重要意义。湖南省卫星导航定位基准站网(HNCORS)经过多年发展,其网型结构不断优化,用户并发服务能力得到提升,服务领域不断拓展。随着数字中国建设和数字经济的蓬勃发展,高精度位置服务需求日益旺盛,HNCORS迎来了新的发展机遇,同时也面临新的挑战,如在监管机制、基础设施、自主创新和共享融合等方面存在不足。为了解决这些问题,湖南开展了卫星导航定位基准站网服务体系建设。本文首先描述了HNCORS服务体系建设背景;然后从管理机制、基础设施和核心技术三个方面阐述建设过程,总结出在服务模式、应用领域和共享融合方面取得的成效;最后对其未来发展进行展望,并从要素保障、自主创新、发展与安全三个方面提出针对性建议,可为卫星导航产业的发展和相关部门政策制定提供参考。

基于国内外比较的高校电子教参服务提升研究

[目的/意义]电子教参服务已在国外图书馆工作中广泛开展。国内同行已认可但还在探索性开展,如何借鉴国外成熟经验,结合中国国情,提出发展策略有着重大的现实意义。[方法/过程]调研国内外顶尖高校图书馆的电子教参服务现状,整理总结各高校电子教参服务的开展情况、服务类型、服务内容及版权保护情况,找出国内发展的短板,总结国外的先进经验,并进行对比分析,提出服务提升策略。[结果/结论]国内高校图书馆应推进电子教参服务、优化电子教参平台功能、丰富电子教参服务内容与形式、加强版权保护管理工作,提升图书馆在教学支持方面的作用。

地理信息智能技术发展分析

进入21世纪,智能化成为科技革命发展的主要方向,大数据、物联网、云计算和人工智能等技术更与各行各业加速融合,一个领域如果缺乏对智能的认知和实践,未来可能会在发展中没有足够动力。地理信息是时空框架的描述者、建立者与服务者,在多领域信息融合、无人化导航服务中,发挥着重要作用。本文从系统理论、高精度时空基准、全域感知、智能处理、高清刻画表达、智慧服务6个方面,梳理了地理信息相关智能技术,对比了国内外发展现状与差距,总结竞争发展的焦点,为地理信息领域智能化发展提供参考和借鉴。

以评估驱动课后服务高质量发展的美国路径及其启示

课后服务已在我国中小学阶段全面铺开,更为具体和精准的课后服务评估亟待开展。美国课后服务已有百年历史,依靠家长、课后服务机构和联邦政府的共同推动,逐渐形成了评估立场全面、主体多元、内容多类、方法多样的课后服务评估体系。辩证借鉴美国课后服务评估,则我国课后服务评估目标亟待从“有没有”转向“好不好”,培育权威、专业、专门的评估主体,实施分类评估,凸显课后服务评估的关系思维,坚守多样化迈向数字化的课后服务评估方法,但也要警惕并预防课后服务评估对教育公平的潜在风险。

Interdepartmental miscommunication regarding radiology:Addressing chronic challenges and exploring solutions

Effective communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals are crucial for delivering high-quality patient care.Interdepartmental miscommunication poses a significant challenge to healthcare systems,potentially undermining the quality of healthcare services provided.In the same manner,communication barriers between referring physicians and radiologists can specifically affect radiology services and patient outcomes.This article attempts to put the spotlight on the ever-present chronic challenges of this issue and prompt readers to recognize the relevant potential pitfalls in their daily clinical practice.Practical solutions are explored and proposed,which should be tailored to the specific needs and issues that each individual institution may face.

人工智能在图书馆参考咨询服务中的应用研究

人工智能技术促使参考咨询服务持续创新、变革,提升咨询服务质量。文章结合研究主题分析、研究热点及趋势分析,梳理不同阶段参考咨询服务领域中用到的人工智能技术与应用方向,为参考咨询服务转型升级提供实践支撑。

格网化网络RTK地域性精度解算

为提高格网化网络实时动态(real-time kinematic,RTK)差分服务性能、消除地形对定位精度的影响,以格网化网络RTK差分技术为基础,推导了存在地形高差的格网RTK定位误差模型,选用平原、过渡区、山区三个区域进行不同密度划分的格网RTK定位实验,分析确定不同地形的格网划分密度标准.结果表明:格网密度越大,格网RTK定位精度越高.而在相同格网密度下,受地形高差影响,平原、过渡区、山区定位精度逐级降低.在平原、过渡区以及山区分别选用9′×9′、6′×6′、3′×3′格网时能够达到1 cm定位精度,可为设定格网划分准则提供相应的依据.

大数据背景下高校图书馆参考咨询服务创新研究

大数据时代的到来为高校图书馆带来了信息资源管理模式的转变、用户行为分析的深化,以及服务流程的优化等新的需求和挑战。传统的图书馆服务模式在面对大数据时显现出一系列局限性,这促使图书馆必须寻求创新的服务模式以适应新时代的需求。该文通过阐述大数据的核心定义和特征,探讨其在当代社会的广泛应用及其对高校图书馆参考咨询服务的深远影响。研究发现,通过利用大数据进行资源优化、提供个性化的用户服务,以及对服务流程进行优化和创新,可以显著提升图书馆服务的质量和效率。这些创新措施不仅有助于高校图书馆更好地满足用户的需求,也为图书馆学和信息管理学科的未来发展提供了新的视角和启示,为高校图书馆在大数据时代下的服务创新提供理论支持和实践指导,推动图书馆服务在数字化、信息化背景下的持续发展和进步。

ChatGPT赋能高校图书馆参考咨询服务的体系框架与应用研究

参考咨询服务是高校图书馆用户服务体系的核心服务要素,而生成式人工智能在信息资源管理上的优势为参考咨询带来了创新发展契机。在探索生成式人工智能赋能图书馆参考咨询服务场景逻辑理路的基础上,构建了ChatGPT赋能高校图书馆参考咨询服务体系框架,并基于实践场景阐述了ChatGPT在高校图书馆参考咨询服务中应用流程,分析了ChatGPT赋能高校图书馆参考咨询服务中的3种风险,并提出了高校图书馆参考咨询服务的人工智能推进策略,以期为人工智能时代高校图书馆参考咨询服务的创新发展提供理论和应用参考。

高校教师服务期违约责任的法律规制

高校教师服务期违约责任缺乏人事立法明确规定,导致司法裁判标准不一,加剧了教师与高校的利益博弈。根据《劳动合同法》第96条从而严格依照该法第22条审理此类纠纷,将导致高校教师服务期违约责任的虚置。实际上,该法第96条之“依照”实为“参照适用”,属于目的性评价,由此,高校教师服务期违约责任因与该法第22条之规定目的一致故而获具了正当性。依据目的解释,高层次人才引进资助、公费支持教师攻读更高学位或脱产进修、安排落户或子女入学应属合理的服务期协议事由,高级专业技术职务晋升则不宜作为协议事由。应依据损害填补原则确定违约金总额,并根据总额明确服务期期限;确立按比例返还的违约金支付方式;明确违约金与损害赔偿金择一适用。