As a key contributor to memory storage, the synapse is one of the earliest affected neuronal components in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Under physiological conditions, the synaptic con- nections between neurons underg...As a key contributor to memory storage, the synapse is one of the earliest affected neuronal components in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Under physiological conditions, the synaptic con- nections between neurons undergo activity-dependent func- tional and morphological re-organisation. This dynamic, ＇plastic＇ neural ability critically depends on the structural integrity of the synapse. Thus, proteins that are implicated in preserving the organisation and dynamics of synaptic connections, including microtubules of the cytoskeleton and associated proteins, have attracted much focus for their involvement in the malfunction- ing AD synapse.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by two major neuropathological hallmarks—the extracellularβ-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated and hyperphosphorylated Tau pro...Alzheimer's disease is characterized by two major neuropathological hallmarks—the extracellularβ-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein.Recent studies suggest that dysregulation of the microtubuleassociated protein Tau,especially specific proteolysis,could be a driving force for Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration.Tau physiologically promotes the assembly and stabilization of microtubules,whereas specific truncated fragments are sufficient to induce abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregate into toxic oligomers,resulting in them gaining prion-like characteristics.In addition,Tau truncations cause extensive impairments to neural and glial cell functions and animal cognition and behavior in a fragment-dependent manner.This review summarizes over 60 proteolytic cleavage sites and their corresponding truncated fragments,investigates the role of specific truncations in physiological and pathological states of Alzheimer's disease,and summarizes the latest applications of strategies targeting Tau fragments in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
目的:综述近年来阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)中有关Tau蛋白的研究进展,阐明Tau蛋白与AD病理特征的关系,以期为AD病理机制研究和指导临床用药提供帮助。方法:以“AD”“Tau蛋白”“神经原纤维缠结”为关键词,通过PubMed、W...目的:综述近年来阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)中有关Tau蛋白的研究进展,阐明Tau蛋白与AD病理特征的关系,以期为AD病理机制研究和指导临床用药提供帮助。方法:以“AD”“Tau蛋白”“神经原纤维缠结”为关键词,通过PubMed、Web of Science及循证医学网查找相关文献。文献纳入标准:①Tau蛋白结构与功能的研究;②Tau蛋白致AD发病相关机制的研究;③以Tau蛋白为靶点AD治疗药物的研究。文献排除标准:结果相对陈旧或重复的实验研究。最终选择69篇文献纳入分析。结果:Tau蛋白与认知障碍的相关性比Aβ更强。结论:以Tau蛋白为靶点进行药物研发有望为AD治疗提供全新的视角。展开更多
目的:研究神经生长因子对拟阿尔茨海默病(A lzhe im er's D isease,AD)模型大鼠海马及皮层中神经原纤维缠结(NFT)的影响。方法:采用冈田酸(Okadaic Ac id,OA)海马CA1区微量多次注射建立拟AD大鼠模型,侧脑室注射神经生长因子(nerve g...目的:研究神经生长因子对拟阿尔茨海默病(A lzhe im er's D isease,AD)模型大鼠海马及皮层中神经原纤维缠结(NFT)的影响。方法:采用冈田酸(Okadaic Ac id,OA)海马CA1区微量多次注射建立拟AD大鼠模型,侧脑室注射神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)进行预处理,观察大鼠行为学变化,B ielschowsky染色观察海马及皮层神经原纤维缠结(neurobrillary tangles,NFT)。结果:OA注射后,大鼠出现认知能力、学习记忆能力减退,海马及皮层出现较多NFT;注射NGF预处理后,上述症状改善,海马及皮层NFT数量减少。结论:NGF可显著改善拟AD大鼠模型学习记忆能力,表明NGF可抑制NFT的形成,改善AD病的症状。展开更多
基金supported by grant SDU2020 to Prof.Bente Finsen and Prof.Martin R.Larsen(COPING AD–Collaborative Project on the Interaction between Neurons and Glia in Alzheimer’s Disease)
文摘As a key contributor to memory storage, the synapse is one of the earliest affected neuronal components in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Under physiological conditions, the synaptic con- nections between neurons undergo activity-dependent func- tional and morphological re-organisation. This dynamic, ＇plastic＇ neural ability critically depends on the structural integrity of the synapse. Thus, proteins that are implicated in preserving the organisation and dynamics of synaptic connections, including microtubules of the cytoskeleton and associated proteins, have attracted much focus for their involvement in the malfunction- ing AD synapse.
基金supported by the Neural Regeneration Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Province,Nantong University(to DC)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81872853(to DC),81870941(to JHG)the Science and Technology Project of Nantong City,Nos.JC22022022(to FW)and JC2021059(to JM)。
文摘Alzheimer's disease is characterized by two major neuropathological hallmarks—the extracellularβ-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein.Recent studies suggest that dysregulation of the microtubuleassociated protein Tau,especially specific proteolysis,could be a driving force for Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration.Tau physiologically promotes the assembly and stabilization of microtubules,whereas specific truncated fragments are sufficient to induce abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregate into toxic oligomers,resulting in them gaining prion-like characteristics.In addition,Tau truncations cause extensive impairments to neural and glial cell functions and animal cognition and behavior in a fragment-dependent manner.This review summarizes over 60 proteolytic cleavage sites and their corresponding truncated fragments,investigates the role of specific truncations in physiological and pathological states of Alzheimer's disease,and summarizes the latest applications of strategies targeting Tau fragments in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
文摘目的:综述近年来阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)中有关Tau蛋白的研究进展,阐明Tau蛋白与AD病理特征的关系,以期为AD病理机制研究和指导临床用药提供帮助。方法:以“AD”“Tau蛋白”“神经原纤维缠结”为关键词,通过PubMed、Web of Science及循证医学网查找相关文献。文献纳入标准:①Tau蛋白结构与功能的研究;②Tau蛋白致AD发病相关机制的研究;③以Tau蛋白为靶点AD治疗药物的研究。文献排除标准:结果相对陈旧或重复的实验研究。最终选择69篇文献纳入分析。结果:Tau蛋白与认知障碍的相关性比Aβ更强。结论:以Tau蛋白为靶点进行药物研发有望为AD治疗提供全新的视角。
基金This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No. 39825109) and National Key Project of Basic Science Research (No. G1999054007).
文摘目的:研究神经生长因子对拟阿尔茨海默病(A lzhe im er's D isease,AD)模型大鼠海马及皮层中神经原纤维缠结(NFT)的影响。方法:采用冈田酸(Okadaic Ac id,OA)海马CA1区微量多次注射建立拟AD大鼠模型,侧脑室注射神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)进行预处理,观察大鼠行为学变化,B ielschowsky染色观察海马及皮层神经原纤维缠结(neurobrillary tangles,NFT)。结果:OA注射后,大鼠出现认知能力、学习记忆能力减退,海马及皮层出现较多NFT;注射NGF预处理后,上述症状改善,海马及皮层NFT数量减少。结论:NGF可显著改善拟AD大鼠模型学习记忆能力,表明NGF可抑制NFT的形成,改善AD病的症状。
