Protein kinase C epsilon(PKCε)is one of major isoforms in novel PKC family.Although it has been extensively characterized in the past decade,the role of PKCεin neuron is still not well understood.Advances in molecul...Protein kinase C epsilon(PKCε)is one of major isoforms in novel PKC family.Although it has been extensively characterized in the past decade,the role of PKCεin neuron is still not well understood.Advances in molecular biology have now removed significant barriers to the direct investigation of PKCεfunctions in vivo,and PKCεhas been increasingly implicated in the neural biological functions and associated neurogenic diseases.Recent studies have provided important insights into the influence of PKCεon cortical processing at both the single cell level and network level.These studies provide compelling evidence that PKCεcould regulate distinct aspects of neural signal transduction and suggest that the coordinated actions of a number of molecular signals contribute to the specification and differentiation of PKCεsignal pathway in the developing brain.展开更多
Three male patients were diagnosed with new cortical infarctions of the right parietal lobe on the basis of head magnetic resonance imaging; high-intensity signals indicating lesions in the right parietal lobe were no...Three male patients were diagnosed with new cortical infarctions of the right parietal lobe on the basis of head magnetic resonance imaging; high-intensity signals indicating lesions in the right parietal lobe were noted on diffusion-weighted images at admission. Two of them presented with left hand weakness, and one exhibited left upper limb weakness. Treatment for improving blood supply to the brain was administered. One patient died suddenly because of ventricular fibrillation 3 days after admission. The other two patients had increased troponin levels and abnormal electrocardiograms, and were diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction half a month after admission. When lesions exist in field 7 of the parietal cortex （resulting in paralysis of the contralateral hand）, the sympathetic center of the posterior lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus demonstrates compensatory excitement, which easily causes tachyarrhythmia and sudden death. Our experimental findings indicate that close electrocardiograph monitoring and cerebral infarction treatment should be standard procedures to predict and help prevent heart disease in patients with cerebral infarction in the right parietal lobe and left upper limb weakness as the main complaint.展开更多
Neurodegenerative eye diseases, such as glaucoma, cause irreversible vision loss in millions of patients worldwide, creating serious medical, economic and social issues. Like other mammalian central nervous system tra...Neurodegenerative eye diseases, such as glaucoma, cause irreversible vision loss in millions of patients worldwide, creating serious medical, economic and social issues. Like other mammalian central nervous system tracts, optic nerve intrinsically lacks the capacity for axonal growth and its surrounding environment is also non-permissive to regeneration. Any axonal damage also triggers a vicious cycle of retinal ganglion cell （RGC） death. Exploring methods that can enhance RGCs survival and promote axonal regeneration will not only enable vision restoration for millions of patients, but also shed light on the treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases. In this review article, we will go through three current approaches to cure neu- rodegenerative eye diseases, including cell based therapy, neuro-regeneration and neuro-rejuvenation.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No 30870785).
文摘Protein kinase C epsilon(PKCε)is one of major isoforms in novel PKC family.Although it has been extensively characterized in the past decade,the role of PKCεin neuron is still not well understood.Advances in molecular biology have now removed significant barriers to the direct investigation of PKCεfunctions in vivo,and PKCεhas been increasingly implicated in the neural biological functions and associated neurogenic diseases.Recent studies have provided important insights into the influence of PKCεon cortical processing at both the single cell level and network level.These studies provide compelling evidence that PKCεcould regulate distinct aspects of neural signal transduction and suggest that the coordinated actions of a number of molecular signals contribute to the specification and differentiation of PKCεsignal pathway in the developing brain.
文摘Three male patients were diagnosed with new cortical infarctions of the right parietal lobe on the basis of head magnetic resonance imaging; high-intensity signals indicating lesions in the right parietal lobe were noted on diffusion-weighted images at admission. Two of them presented with left hand weakness, and one exhibited left upper limb weakness. Treatment for improving blood supply to the brain was administered. One patient died suddenly because of ventricular fibrillation 3 days after admission. The other two patients had increased troponin levels and abnormal electrocardiograms, and were diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction half a month after admission. When lesions exist in field 7 of the parietal cortex （resulting in paralysis of the contralateral hand）, the sympathetic center of the posterior lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus demonstrates compensatory excitement, which easily causes tachyarrhythmia and sudden death. Our experimental findings indicate that close electrocardiograph monitoring and cerebral infarction treatment should be standard procedures to predict and help prevent heart disease in patients with cerebral infarction in the right parietal lobe and left upper limb weakness as the main complaint.
基金supported by the National Glaucoma Research Program of the Bright Focus Foundationsupported by an unrestricted research grant from Research to Prevent BlindnessNIH center grant EY014801
文摘Neurodegenerative eye diseases, such as glaucoma, cause irreversible vision loss in millions of patients worldwide, creating serious medical, economic and social issues. Like other mammalian central nervous system tracts, optic nerve intrinsically lacks the capacity for axonal growth and its surrounding environment is also non-permissive to regeneration. Any axonal damage also triggers a vicious cycle of retinal ganglion cell （RGC） death. Exploring methods that can enhance RGCs survival and promote axonal regeneration will not only enable vision restoration for millions of patients, but also shed light on the treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases. In this review article, we will go through three current approaches to cure neu- rodegenerative eye diseases, including cell based therapy, neuro-regeneration and neuro-rejuvenation.
