Analyzing land use characteristics of rural settlements on the urban fringe of Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China

The objective of this paper is to analyze land use characteristics of rural settlements in urban fringe so as to provide references for optimizing the regional distribution of rural settlements, consolidating rural settlements, and coordinating urban-rural integrated development. The methods of spatial statistical analysis, buffer analysis, Ripley's K function, kernel density analysis based on GIS(Geographic Information System) were used to analyze the characteristics of scale, spatial differentiation and spatial patterns of the rural settlements in Liangjiang New Area in Chongqing Municipality of China. The fractal dimension formula was also developed to reflect fractal feature of the rural settlements. The results show that, the scale of rural settlements in Liangjang New Area takes on distinct characteristics of spatial differentiation along with changes in elevation, gradient, location, geohazards distribution, and the like. The fractal characteristic of rural settlements has obvious regional variations subject to the 6 factors of location in the Liangjiang New Area. Overall, the worse the terrain conditions are, the larger the fractal dimension values become. The better the locationconditions, the larger the fractal dimension values are. The spatial pattern in the township scale presents three kinds of distribution as being aggregated, uniform and random. In contract, the spatial pattern in the plaque scale displays a banding distribution from a general view with several aggregation zones centering on each town center. From the results, we can see that the characteristics of rural settlements in urban fringe are more complicated. For such kind of rural settlements in special regions, in the rural land consolidation more attention should be paid to improve the rural living environments and public services, as well as to promote the harmonious relationship between the urban and rural areas.

Research on the Harmonious Development of New Rural Communities under the Perspective of Balancing Urban and Rural Areas

On the basis of offering a definition of New Rural Communities (NRCs), the paper analyzes the values of New Rural Communities and argues that the construction of NRCs is able to contribute to the enhancement of the comprehensive agricultural production capability as well as the development of social productivity. Meanwhile the incomes of the rural residents can be boosted, which denotes the realization of a harmonious society where the achievements of China's reform and development are shared by each citizen. Moreover, the construction of NRCs facilitates the economization of land use and thus improves the overall living standard of the residents, while helping to cut the administrative cost and promote democracy at the primary level. This paper also points out various problems arising during the construction of NRCS in China: blindly following suit in accordance with the modes of the urban communities; lack of funds, which leads to the absence of the supporting mechanisms of NRCs; vague positioning and the ensuing shortage of impetus for continued development. Finally, the paper raises the corresponding measures and suggestions: first, based on reality, make overall planning and scientific arrangement; second, the government should play the dominant role while respecting the principal position of the rural residents and introducing the market mechanism; third, increase science and technology input and attach equal importance to economic and social benefits; fourth, broaden fund-raising channels while completing the supervision mechanism.

The Exploration to the Historical Origin of Differences between Urban and Rural Areas in China

In order to understand the historical origins of encircling the cities from the rural areas implemented by the Communist Party of China and the current dual structures of urban and rural development, urban-rural differences are analyzed from the four aspects of production mode, management mode, culture and social division of labor. Industrial development in modern times has promoted the modernization of urban production in China. But the rural areas still maintain their traditional self-sufficient natural economy. After the Opium War, the process of modernization of city politics is promoted by more economic elements of capitalism and the formation of Chinese bourgeoisie. During the management of urban modernization, rural areas still adopt the traditional self-management mode. In the aspect of culture, city is the center of development, having large population, developed traffic, and prosperous culture. But the village is lack of information and its culture is relatively backward. In modern times, affected by the foreign capitalist, urban area has become the center of modern productivity. After separating from agriculture, handicraft industry has transferred into urban areas and the social division of labor in both urban and rural areas has shown great changes. Thus, a new pattern of "Urban Industry, Rural Agriculture" has formed.

Reform of Rural Land System from the Perspective of New Urbanization

In view of artificially high urbanization rate of China and possible causes,survey and data analysis methods were used to discuss reform of household registration system,and path for promoting rural land system reform. Results show that it is required to eliminate bottlenecks of land system in the advance of new urbanization process. In line with land system bottlenecks of new urbanization,it is recommended to take following measures.( i) Promoting land right confirmation centered land system reform.( ii) Weakening rural land ownership and stressing land use right.( iii) Establishing urban and rural integrated land market and putting an end to low cost urbanization road.( iv) Realizing asset value of rural construction land and tackling the problem of insufficient construction land.( v) Reforming the land expropriation system and increasing the share of gain in land value to farmers.( vi) Implementing different land policies to promote coordinated development of regional social economy.( vii) Establishing land circulation access system to ensure unchanged land use purpose and high efficient use.

Path Choice on Rural Industrial Upgrading in the Process of Rural-urban Integration in Binhai New Area

With methods of reference research and field research, the current situations of rural industrialization in the process of rural-urban integration in Binhai new area are analyzed and some problems in the process of integration in the new area are pointed out, such as difficulties in breaking dual economic structure in urban and rural areas, imbalanced economic development in the area and inadequate development of the third industry. And relevant countermeasures are proposed: optimizing agriculture industrial structure and promoting agricultural industrialization to form urban agricultural model of Binhai new area focusing on facility agriculture, park agriculture and high-end agriculture and to realize the intensive growth of agriculture; rationally distributing rural industrial structure to form regional leading industry and playing the guiding role of industry to achieve industrial adjustment improvement; quickening the construction of the third industry centering on service to form the service system of modern countryside and the leading role of modern service industry so as to achieve rapid development of the third industry.

SUSTAINABLE URBAN-RURAL RELATION IN RAPID URBANIZATION AREAS——Case of Transformation of "Urban Village" in Guangzhou

Many studies have been made concerning the problems, characteristics, formation, transformation measures, etc. of urban village from sociology, urban planning and geography, etc., which have made insightful analysis. However, most of these studies started mainly from the standpoint of the city government, drumming for the landscape-oriented urbanization, namely pulling-down the urban village and constructing the splendid residence or business buildings. The article maintains that the most important thing the city government should do is to pay much attention to the sustainable living of urban villagers, who would lose their main income source, namely, the collective dividend and the family housing rent. The single method of compensation has been proved to be harmful to the villagers’ community, in which some young villagers relying on rent were no longer to do anything but stay at home. On the other hand, considering the floating population has become the main stream of renters in urban villages, the emergence of urban villages was inevitable and would continue to exist in a long time under the socio-economic transition in urban China and globalization. Based on the analysis above, the transformation of urban village should take more concerns on the housing demands of floating population besides compensation for local villagers. Meanwhile, it is necessary to avoid the "landscape-oriented urbanization" without the "peasant-to-citizen" transformation.

Review and Prospect of Development Capability of New Generation Farmers

In the context of dual economic structure,there occurs shift of numerous rural surplus labors in China. As a special group lingering about in the edges of urban and rural areas,the new generation farmers become a hot spot of research. How to help them smoothly become successors of China's agricultural modernization construction is a focus of academic circles. Based on literature review,this paper analyzed connotation of development capability of new generation farmers from agricultural modernization,thinking ability construction,system and policy,and new farmers. Finally,it came up with prospect for development of new generation farmers.

关于统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的思考

本文分析了新时代新征程统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的必要性,探讨了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴面临的问题和挑战,进而提出了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的指导思想、基本原则和主要目标。在此基础上,提出了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的战略思路与对策建议,即要注意发挥规划引领作用,并增强县城、中心镇、特色小镇等的磁力效应;要坚持农业农村优先发展方针,加强对推进乡村全面振兴的政策支持;要全面深化农业农村改革,并强化改革对发展的赋能效应;要深化新型城镇化乃至宏观层面的相关制度创新。

百年中国现代化进程的历史反思与时代性超越——兼论“三农”问题的历史累积与乡村振兴的实现

以洋务运动为始,中国走上以工业化为主导的现代化道路。但是,中国传统文明与西方式现代化取向之间形成历史“悖论”,这种悖论关系更突出体现在城乡背离化发展态势上。如何走出具有中国特色的现代化道路,并从根本上摆脱这一困境,一直是中国共产党的历史使命之一。在总结和汲取近代以来中国现代化发展经验和教训的基础上,中国共产党领导人民成功走出中国式现代化道路。中国共产党通过乡村振兴战略的全面实施,从根本上突破近代以来百余年的“三农”困境,从而解决了中国现代化发展中的“悖论”问题。

城乡均衡发展大格局下我国公路服务区大网建设研究

当前我国高速公路服务区功能与畅通全国城乡产销大循环要求存在五大矛盾:一是服务区封闭,过路消费需求与沿线乡镇农特产品供给脱节;二是旅客上下中转受限,营运公司客流补充成本高昂,始发终到旅客集散时间成本猛增;三是小批量物流快件不能直接沿线集散,私营公司抢占赢利路线而弃舍高速沿线乡镇小批量件;四是旅客需求日益多样化,服务种类相对国外而言极其单薄;五是城市停车难,关键要靠市郊和城乡路网。建设开放型服务区且注重城乡均衡布点成网,是日韩和法德推动消费惠及城乡的重要成功经验,服务区集应急救援、旅客集散和换乘中转、物流仓储和快件集散交换、本地农特产售卖以及旅游观景休闲等商旅文于一体已成未来发展大势。在我国公路沿线建设数以万计的综合服务区和各类中小微网点,利用网点换乘中转实现全国客货邮“镇-镇”直达,可以更充分地发挥现有高等级公路的网络共享优势,更有效地实现客运增流、快递增质增量、城乡产销提质增速等国内双向大循环功能,将全国人民的日常经济社会活动汇集成为城乡一体共享生产、交换和消费大市场,助推实施乡村振兴,促进城乡融合发展。

习近平关于加快建设农业强国重要论述的出场逻辑、理论要旨与价值意蕴

习近平关于加快建设农业强国重要论述是新时代中国共产党“三农”战略思想的重要内容。就出场逻辑而言,习近平关于加快建设农业强国重要论述是马克思主义农业现代化思想与中国“三农”具体实际相结合的时代产物,是中国共产党领导农业强国建设百年探索经验的凝练和升华,是新发展阶段破解农业“规模不经济”难题、实现高质量发展的现实回应。就理论要旨而言,习近平关于加快建设农业强国重要论述科学回答了新征程上加快建设中国特色农业强国的战略定位、首要课题、根本出路和价值旨归等关键问题,在共性和个性、应然和实然的良性互动间立体地擘画出中国特色农业强国的理论和实践图景。就价值意蕴而言,习近平关于加快建设农业强国重要论述是对马克思主义农业现代化思想的拓展和创新,是立足“大国小农”国情、建设中国特色农业强国的实践指南,也为超越西方桎梏、探索世界农业现代化新模式贡献了中国智慧和中国方案。

公共产品一体化引领县域城乡融合的机理、挑战与对策

现阶段,县城成为城镇化体系建设中的重点环节,乡村振兴战略全面深入实施,推进县域城乡融合正当其时。公共产品一体化是城乡融合的重要载体并具有先导作用。其中,社会公共产品一体化促进城乡要素自由流动,经济公共产品一体化促进城乡产业融合,数字公共产品一体化促进城乡治理融合。县域公共产品一体化受到城乡二元体制、县级财政能力、县域公共产品特性及农村公共产品供给短板等因素挑战。需要统筹规划、构建多元可持续的投融资模式、公共产品分类转型供给、全面提升农村公共产品供给等,以公共产品一体化引领县域城乡融合。

新女性写作视野中的“问题小说”创作——以马玉珍小说集《新姐》为例

张莉教授发起的“新女性写作”研究强调以真实、切近的文本形式,记录下我们这个时代的女性镜像。马玉珍的小说创作对河湟城乡女性的生存及精神状况做出了较为深入的关照和思考。创作过程中,作家启用了女性视角和写实笔法,尝试将小说这种文体用“非虚构”的笔法呈现出来,进而探寻河湟城乡女性与男性、女性与自我以及女性与整个社会之间错综复杂的关系。在真正介入河湟城乡女性的生活场域时,作家所秉持的言说方式和判断尺度,明显带有亲历性和诚挚性的一面。可以肯定的是,作家将塑造人物和提出问题的笔触探向了河湟地区历史与文化、传统与现代的根系深处,从而以真实、切近的文本形式,呈现出河湟城乡女性的重要镜像。从这个角度而言,将马玉珍的小说写作纳入“新女性写作”研究视野,具有一定的合理性和必要性。与此同时,作为乡土小说的一种基本类型,马玉珍的小说对河湟地区民风习俗的书写,无疑成为作品中重要的审美元素。

社会转型视野中的湖南木帆船运输业探析(1949—1952)

1949—1952年是国民经济恢复时期,社会急剧变革,各行业在新民主主义经济秩序下重建和发展。木帆船运输市场得以重建,成为当时重要的运输力量。以湖南为例,新中国成立后,木帆船运输业逐渐恢复,建立了新民主主义的运输市场秩序;降低运价,加强管理,在城乡物资交流中发挥着民船联运的优势,大运输体系建立起来;土产、矿产和粮食得以外运,工业品和食盐输往农村,农村初级市场末端得以拓展,新商业路线得到开辟,在国家工程建设中发挥着重要作用。

数字普惠金融、新质生产力与城乡共同富裕

数字普惠金融具有科技性、政策性、靶向性等特点,有助于拓宽金融服务边界,对发展新质生产力、推动城乡共同富裕具有至关重要作用。基于2010—2022年我国31个省份(未含香港、澳门、台湾地区)的面板数据,采用双向固定效应模型、中介效应模型和面板门限模型,实证分析数字普惠金融对城乡共同富裕的影响和作用机制。研究发现,数字普惠金融能够促进城乡共同富裕,且该结论在通过替换核心解释变量、改变样本范围、更换回归方式等方法进行稳健性检验后依然成立;数字普惠金融可通过推动新质生产力发展促进城乡共同富裕;随着新质生产力水平的提升,数字普惠金融对城乡共同富裕的促进作用不断增强,呈现J字形特征;与农业现代化水平低的地区和粮食主产区相比,数字普惠金融对城乡共同富裕的促进作用在农业现代化水平高的地区和非粮食主产区更强。进一步分析发现,数字普惠金融、新质生产力均构成城乡共同富裕的格兰杰原因;数字普惠金融对城乡共同富裕的促进作用具有正向空间溢出效应,即数字普惠金融不仅能够促进本地城乡共同富裕,而且可以带动邻近地区城乡共同富裕。因此,应大力提升涉农金融服务质效,加快培育农业新质生产力,着力构建区域协同发展机制,为扎实推进城乡共同富裕注入蓬勃动能。

新型城镇化背景下农村土地管理制度优化

农村发展应新型城镇化要求需在相关体制上进行追本溯源的、创新性的改革,尤其是农村的土地管理制度,存在诸多与新型城镇化发展相矛盾的问题。如今,新型城镇化的任务推进能够为农村不断完成新农村建设作出指导。为此,基于新型城镇化背景,探讨了其对农村土地管理制度改革的需求,分析了农村土地管理与新型城镇化的适配度问题,指出了农村土地管理制度中的问题,并针对相关问题提出建设性的优化策略。

新发展阶段我国农业农村现代化基础设施体系之构建

构建农业农村现代化基础设施体系是推进中国式农业农村现代化的内在要求和现实依托。立足新发展阶段,中国农业农村现代化基础设施体系建设需要对接迭代升级的转型要求、融合互联的数智要求、壁垒突破的创新要求、集约高效的绿色要求、普惠协调的共享要求。结合“五位一体”总体布局,农业农村现代化基础设施建设对于新阶段农业农村经济现代化、政治现代化、文化现代化、社会现代化以及生活现代化具有战略支撑和现实意义。基于我国长期以来的国情农情及农业农村经济社会发展资源禀赋,新阶段的农业农村现代化基础设施建设的主要任务在于,要适配小农户衔接现代农业的农情禀赋,突破城乡传统二元体制的发展束缚,强化数农领域的深度融合及动能转换,优化发展要素嵌入现代化的供需匹配。据此需要通过注入新的发展要素,推动数农深度融合,构建新型城乡关系,以新的制度保障全面推动农业农村现代化基础设施体系建设。

新乡贤助推乡村振兴战略实现的路径研究

乡村振兴重在“人才振兴”,只有解决好了人的问题,乡村才能真正振兴,因而推动各类人才尤其是吸引新乡贤参与家乡各项事业发展,成为实现乡村振兴战略的客观要求。新乡贤作为实现乡村振兴战略的重要力量,在全面推进乡村振兴过程中对产业振兴、人才振兴、文化振兴、生态振兴和组织振兴等都发挥着积极作用,但在实践中暴露出一些突出问题,诸如对新乡贤认识定位不清晰、缺乏情感沟通、实践渠道受阻以及权益保障不到位等。为此,需要通过多种舆论宣传确保新乡贤“时刻挂念家乡”、加强日常情感联系推动新乡贤“经常回来走走”和注重多措并举鼓励支持新乡贤“共谋家乡发展”等实施路径,来不断提升新乡贤在乡村振兴中的工作实效性。

“三农”现代化与新型城镇化耦合协调发展时空演化及驱动因素研究——以福建省为例

实现“三农”现代化和新型城镇化的耦合协调,对城乡融合和乡村振兴的战略实施具有重要意义。文章采用耦合协调度模型,定量测算“三农”现代化和新型城镇化综合发展水平、耦合协调水平和空间相关性,同时引入地理探测器模型进一步分析导致空间异质性的驱动因子。结果表明:(1)2011—2019年福建省“三农”现代化和新型城镇化指数整体呈现上升趋势,增长幅度在103.83%~124.38%之间。“三农”现代化和新型城镇化耦合协调度主要以失调为主,部分城市达到勉强协调状态,协调度平均水平由0.31提高到0.47。(2)福建省“三农”现代化和新型城镇化耦合协调度空间格局具有“南高北低—东高西低”的特征,从整体上保持倒“U”型空间特征。(3)从影响二者耦合协调的影响因子分析,城乡经济发展水平、城乡公共设施服务等对耦合协调度水平影响显著。文章创新性地将系统耦合理论纳入“三农”现代化与新型城镇化研究领域,深度剖析市域尺度下福建省高质量推进“三农”现代化与新型城镇化发展现状、空间关联和差异因素,结合新型城镇化高质量发展框架,详尽阐释农业、农村、农民现代化之间的复杂互动关系,拓展“三农”现代化与新型城镇化相互依存的动态理论基础和评价维度。依据研究结论提出政策启示:需加强经济发展导向以协调城乡发展,同时注重社会发展导向,坚持绿色发展为引导原则,以差异化的方式推进“三农”现代化和新型城镇化协调发展。